MBUS 302 - Ch 6
An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database
A data driven website
Is there an incorrect value in the information?
Accurate
Determines which things go together
Affinity group
Examples of transactional information
Airline ticket, sales receipt, packing slip
Enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowlege than relation integrity contraints
Business critical integrity constraints
What is the solution to the problem of being data-rich and information poor?
Business intelligence
What tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis?
Business intelligence dashboards
What defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results either a yes/no or true/false answer?
Business rule
Assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes
Classification
What is a technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible?
Cluster analysis
Segments a heterogeneous population of records into a number of more homogeneous subgroups
Clustering
Is a value missing from the information?
Complete
Is aggregate or summary information in agreement with detailed information?
Consistent
Who is the person responsible for creating the original website content?
Content creator
Who is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content?
Content editor
What complies all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model?
Data dictionary
Two terms representing the smallest or basic unit of information
Data field/element
Refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data
Data governance
Occurs on structured data that are already in a database or a spreadsheet
Data mining
What is process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone?
Data mining
What uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?
Data mining tools
Logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures
Data models
What determines the accuracy and completeness of its data?
Data quality audits
The problem with too much information
Data rich, information poor
Describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective
Data visualization
Move beyond excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more.
Data visualization tools
A logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
Data warehouse
Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactional), people (employees)
Database
What is an area of a website that stores information about products in a database?
Dynamic catalog
Includes information that can change based on user actions
Dynamic information
What is a process that transforms information using a common set of enterprise definitions, loads information into a data warehouse, and extracts information from internal and external databases
ETL
Three advantages of a data-driven website
Easy to store large amounts of data, easy to manage content, easy to eliminate human errors
What stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event?
Entity
Determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future value
Estimation
A process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse
Extraction, transformation, and loading
What are predictions based on time series information?
Forecast
Examples of analytical information
Future growth and trends, sales projections, product statistics
Displays information graphically so it can be easily understood
Infographics
Two terms that describe the process for weeding out, fixing, or discarding inconsistent incorrect or incomplete information
Information cleansing, scrubbing
The common term for the representation of multidimensional information
Information cube
Documents, presentations, spreadsheets, database
Information formats
Detail, summary, aggregate
Information granularities
What occurs when the same data element has different values
Information inconsistency
Individual, department, enterprise
Information levels
Four primary traits of the value of information
Information quality, timeliness, governance, type
The duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places
Information redundacy
Accessing large amounts of data from different management information systems
Informing
Rules to help ensure the quality of information
Integrity constraints
What focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs?
Logical view of information
Analyzes such items as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers; buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customer's choices of products and services
Market basket analysis
What provides details about data?
Metadata
What deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device?
Physical view of information
A field or group of fields that uniquely identifies a given record in a table
Primary key
Which system provides real-time information in response to requests?
Real-time
Means immediate, up-to-date information
Real-time information
What is a collection of related data elements?
Records
Three statements reflecting the business advantages of a relational database
Reduced information redundacy, increased information security, increased information integrity
What stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables?
Relational data base model
Management system allows users to create, read, update and in a relational database
Relational database management system
What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information based constraints?
Relational integrity constraints
What includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action?
Static information
What performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations and variations analysis?
Statistical analysis
Three common forms for mining structured and unstructured data
Statistical analysis, association detection, cluster analysis
Analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences
Text mining
Time stamped information collected at a particular frequency
Time-series information
What is timestamped information collected at a particular frequency?
Time-series information
Is the information current with respect to business needs?
Timely?
Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks
Transactional information
Is each transaction and event represented only once in the information?
Unique
What does not exist in a fixed location and can include text documents, PDFs, voice messages, emails, and so?
Unstructured data
Four functions that a data base management system can perform on data in a database?
Update, delete, read, and create data
Why does a database offer increased information security?
Various security features of databases ensure that individuals have only certain types of access to certain types of information
What analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation?
Web mining
When do information integrity issues occur?
When a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data
Contains a subset of data warehouse information
data mart
What is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables?
foreign key
Organizational information coms in different levels, formats, and ________
granularities
A measure of the quality of information
information integrity
While database has only one _______, it can easily support ______ that provides for flexibility
one physical view, multiple logical views
One primary goal of a database is to eliminate information redundacy by recording each piece of information in _____ place in the database
only one
Four primary reasons low-quality information occurs in a system
1.Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect their privacy 2.Data entry personnel enter abbreviated information to save time 3. Third-party and external information contains inconsistencies and errors 4. Different systems have different information entry standards and formats
Helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database
An query-by example tool
Asks usres to write lines of code to answer questions against a database
An structure query language
Encompasses all organizational information, primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks
Analytical information
Reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships
Association detection
What are the data elements associated with an entity?
Attributes
Three terms that represent the data elements associated with an entity
Attributes, Fields, Columns