McGraw Hill Genetics Connect Homework Chpt. 13, 14, 15, 17, 25

What enzyme replaces RNA with DNA on the lagging strand?

DNA Pol I

____________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between the DNA strands.

DNA helicase

_____________ covalently links the Okazaki fragments together.

DNA ligase

______________ excises the RNA primers and fills in with DNA.

DNA pol I

_____________ synthesizes a daughter strand of DNA.

DNA pol III

True/False: DNA polymerase needs a primer to synthesize DNA and makes new DNA strands in a 3' to 5' direction.

False

True/False: The replisome consists of the primosome plus four DNA polymerase holoenzymes.

False

Indicate what effect each change would likely have on the rate of eukaryotic transcription: Addition of extra enhancers

Higher

Indicate what effect each change would likely have on the rate of eukaryotic transcription: Addition of silencers

Lower

Indicate what effect each change would likely have on the rate of eukaryotic transcription: Deletion of enhancers

Lower

Indicate what effect each change would likely have on the rate of eukaryotic transcription: Movement of the gene's cis-acting element to a different chromosome...

Lower

Indicate what effect each change would likely have on the rate of eukaryotic transcription: Movement of the gene for a trans-acting element to a different chromosome

No effect

_____________ synthesizes an RNA primer.

Primase

___________ keep the parental strands separated at the replication fork.

Single-strand binding proteins

True/ False: DNA replication results in two identical daughter molecules each consisting of one old (original) strand and one newly-synthesized strand.

True

True/ False: During DNA synthesis, the leading strand is made continuously in the direction of the replication fork, whereas the lagging strand is made as Okazaki fragments in the direction away from the fork.

True

True/ False: The point where the separation of the DNA occurs is called the replication fork.

True

True/ False: The primosome is a complex of helicase and primase.

True

If a linear DNA molecule containing a single origin of replication is replicated, will the leading and lagging strands ever meet?

Yes, they meet at the origin of replication

One can conclude that this image is depicting the DNA replication of a eukaryote rather than a prokaryote because (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY). a) the chromosomes are linear rather than circular. b) there are multiple origins of replication as opposed to a single origin. c) DNA is replicated unidirectionally. d) DNA is replicated 5' to 3' and 3' to 5'.

a and b: -the chromosomes are linear rather than circular. -there are multiple origins of replication as opposed to a single origin.

Select all the enzymes that play a role in RNA primer removal in prokaryotes or eukaryotes. (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY) a) flap endonuclease b) DNA polymerase β c) DNA polymerase I d) primase

a and c: -flap endonuclease -DNA polmerase I

The enzyme ________ unzips and unwinds the DNA molecule. A) DNA polymerase B) helicase C) primase D) DNA ligase E) unzipase

helicase

Select the processes that involve RNA molecules in bacterial cells. --translation --protein secretion --DNA replication --gene regulation

translation, protein secretion, and DNA replication. **tRNA and mRNA molecules are needed for translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. scRNA molecules are important for protein secretion in prokaryotes. While RNA is used in telomere replication in eukaryotes, this is not true in bacteria. Similarly, miRNAs are used for gene regulation in eukaryotes, but not bacteria.

In bacteria, (have a single origin of replication) At a single origin of replication, how many leading strand primers are required?

2

During the synthesis of a new molecule of DNA, the template strand is read ________ and the daughter strand is synthesized ________.

3' to 5'; 5' to 3'

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is TRUE? A) the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously B) the leading strand is replicated discontinuously, while the lagging strand is replicated continuously C) both the leading and lagging strands are replicated continuously D) both the leading and lagging strands are replicated discontinuously E) each of the leading and lagging strands is replicated both continuously and discontinuously

A) the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously

There are enzymes that can specifically recognize and degrade single-stranded DNA, while leaving double-stranded DNA untouched. After the addition of which general transcription factor would DNA at a eukaryotic promoter become susceptible to such an enzyme?

TFIIH

___________ alleviates positive supercoiling.

Topoisomerase II

Which statement best describes the synthesis of the lagging strand? a) It proceeds 5'-3' away from the replication fork. b) It proceeds 3'-5' toward the replication fork. c) It proceeds 5'-3' toward the replication fork. d) It proceeds 3'-5' away from the replication fork.

a) It proceeds 5'-3' away from the replication fork.

Which of the following are limitations of DNA polymerase? A) it can only add bases to the exposed 5' end of a pre-existing strand B) it can only replicate the leading strand C) it can only replicate the lagging strand D) all of the above E) none of the above

none of the above