Med Surg: Chapter 41: Nursing Management: Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: PREPU
A client has been prescribed alendronate for the prevention of osteoporosis. Which is the highest priority nursing intervention associated with the administration of the medication? A Assess for the use of corticosteroids B Ensure adequate intake of vitamin D in the diet C Encourage the client to get yearly dental exams D Have the client sit upright for at least 30 minutes following administration
D
A nurse who oversees care in a long-term care facility is aware that a high percentage of residents have osteoporosis, and that residents who do not have the disease must be assessed and monitored closely for this health problem. Which of the following older adults most clearly exemplifies the risk factors for osteoporosis? A An Asian man whose mobility is limited to a wheelchair B A Caucasian woman who has low body mass index C A Caucasian man who has led a sedentary lifestyle D. An African American woman who is slightly obese
B Lack of exercise is a risk factor for osteoporosis but small-framed, nonobese Caucasian women are at greatest risk for osteoporosis. African American women, who have a greater bone mass than Caucasian women, are less susceptible to osteoporosi
A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Which statement should the nurse include? A "Surgery is the only sure way to manage this condition." B "This condition is associated with various sports." C "Using arm splints will prevent hyperflexion of the wrist." D "Ergonomic changes can be incorporated into your workday to reduce stress on your wrist."
D
A patient is having low back pain. What position can the nurse suggest to relieve this discomfort? A Supine, with the bed flat and a firm mattress in place B High-Fowler's to allow for maximum hip flexion C Prone, with a pillow under the shoulders D Supine, with the knees slightly flexed and the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
D
After several weeks of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of osteomyelitis, a patient is preparing for discharge. When providing health education related to self-care, the nurse should emphasize which of the following topics? A The need to avoid ASA and anticoagulants B The need to resume normal physical activity as soon as possible C The importance of maintaining a healthy diet D The importance of adhering to further antibiotic treatment
D
The nurse is educating the patient with low back pain about the proper way to lift objects. What muscle should the nurse encourage the patient to maximize? A Quadriceps B Gastrocnemius C Rectus abdominis D Latissimus dorsi
A
The nurse is caring for a client following foot surgery. Which nursing intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the nursing care plan? A Administer pain medication per client request. B Perform neuromuscular assessment every hour. C Monitor vital signs every 4 hours. D Examine surgical dressing every hour.
B
Most cases of osteomyelitis are caused by which microorganism? A Proteus species B Pseudomonas species C Staphylococcus aureus D Escherichia coli
C
A patient presents at the clinic complaining of back pain that goes all the way down the back of her leg to her foot. What is this type of pain referred to as? A Bursitis B Sciatica C Radiculopathy D Tendonitis
B Sciatic nerve pain travels down the back of the thigh to the foot of the affected leg. Radiculopathy is disease of a nerve root. Tendonitis is inflammation of muscle tendons. Bursitis is inflammation of a fluid-filled sac in a joint
A nurse is caring for an elderly female client with osteoporosis. When teaching the client, the nurse should include information about which major complication? A Dowager's hump B Negative calcium balance C Bone fracture D Loss of estrogen
C
A 42-year-old man presents at the clinic complaining of pain in his heel so bad it inhibits his ability to walk. The patient is diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Patient teaching provided by the nurse would include what instructions to decrease the pain associated with this condition? A Gently stretching the foot and the Achilles tendon B Application of keratolytic ointment C Wearing open-toed shoes D Wrapping the affected area in lamb's wool or gauze
A
During a routine physical examination on an older female client, a nurse notes that the client is 5 feet, 3/8 inches (1.6 m) tall. The client states, "How is that possible? I was always 5 feet and 1/2? (1.7 m) tall." Which statement is the best response by the nurse? A "After menopause, the body's bone density declines, resulting in a gradual loss of height." B "There may be some slight discrepancy between the measuring tools used." C "After age 40, height may show a gradual decrease as a result of spinal compression" D "The posture begins to stoop after middle age."
A
Morton neuroma is exhibited by which clinical manifestation? A Longitudinal arch of the foot is diminished B Inflammation of the foot-supporting fascia C Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve D High arm and a fixed equinus deformity
C
Which area of the spinal column is subject to the greatest mechanical stress and degenerative changes? A Cervical B Upper lumbar C Lower lumbar D Thoracic
C
A client is admitted with acute osteomyelitis that developed after an open fracture of the right femur. When planning this client's care, the nurse should anticipate which measure? A Withholding all oral intake B Administering large doses of I.V. antibiotics as ordered C Instructing the client to ambulate twice daily D Administering large doses of oral antibiotics as ordered
A
A nurse is planning the care of a middle-aged female patient whose sedentary lifestyle has contributed to ongoing problems with lower back pain. The nurse should recognize which of the following interventions as holding the potential for adequate and long-lasting pain control? A Weight loss B Use of a back brace C Antiseizure medications D Orthopedic footwear
A
Which of the following is the most important nursing diagnosis for an elderly patient diagnosed with osteoporosis? A Risk for constipation related to immobility B Deficient knowledge about osteoporosis and the treatment regimen C Acute pain related to fracture and muscle spasm D Risk for injury related to fractures due to osteoporosis
D The most important concern for an elderly patient with osteoporosis is prevention of falls and fractures. Pain and constipation can be managed, and knowledge can be reinforced, but fractures can cause significant morbidity and mortality.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a bone tumor. The nurse provides education that teaches the patient to implement measures to reduce the risk of pathologic fractures. What intervention will assist the patient in fracture prevention? A Maintaining strict bed rest B Teaching the patient to achieve maximum weight-bearing capabilities C Limiting the patient's reliance on assistive devices D Supporting the affected extremity with external supports (splints)
D
What clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find in a client who has had osteoporosis for several years? A Diarrhea B Bone spurs C Increased heel pain D Decreased height
D Clients with osteoporosis become shorter over time.
A patient with a primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer has developed bone metastases in recent weeks. When reviewing this patient's daily blood work, the nurse should be aware that secondary bone tumors create a significant risk of what electrolyte imbalance? A Hypercalcemia B Hyperchloremia C Hyponatremia D Hypokalemia
A
A nurse is teaching a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which teaching point is correct? A The recommended daily allowance of calcium may be found in a wide variety of foods. B To prevent fractures, the client should avoid strenuous exercise. C Obtaining an X-ray of the bones every 3 years is recommended to detect bone loss. D Obtaining the recommended daily allowance of calcium requires taking a calcium supplement.
A
Which term refers to a disease of a nerve root? A Involucrum B Contracture D Radiculopathy D Sequestrum
C
