Med-Surg Exam 4 Study Questions

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances? A. Hypernatremia B. Hypercalcemia C. Hyperchloremia

A. Hypernatremia

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of 4 clients who have an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients is at risk for metabolic acidosis? A. A client who has diarrhea B. A client who is taking a thiazide diuretic C. A client who has a salicylate intoxication

A. A client who has diarrhea

The nurse is assessing an older client who is receiving IV therapy. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings for fluid volume excess? (SATA) A. Bounding pulse B. Pitting edema C. Swelling at the IV site D. Urine specific gravity greater than 1.030 E. Crackles upon auscultation

A. Bounding pulse B. Pitting edema E. Crackles upon auscultation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a sodium level of 116 mEq/L. which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Nausea and vomiting B. Extreme thirst C. Flushed skin

A. Nausea and vomiting

A nurse is assessing a client who reports frequent vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (SATA) A. Poor skin turgor B. Bradycardia C. Hypotension D. Pale yellow urine E. Flat neck veins

A. Poor skin turgor C. Hypotension E. Flat neck veins

A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of 7/min. ABG reveals the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABG's? pH-7.22, PaCO2-68mmHg, Bicarb 26mEq/L A.Respiratory Acidosis B.Metabolic Acidosis C.Metabolic Alkalosis D.Respiratory Alkalosis

A. Respiratory Acidosis

A nurse is reviewing a client's lab results. Which of the following lab values should the nurse report to the provider? A. Sodium 126 mEq/L B. Potassium 3.6 mEq/L C. Magnesium 1.9 mEq/L

A. Sodium 126 mEq/L

A nurse is reviewing the ABG results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see? A. pH below 7.35 B. HCO3 above 26 C. PaCO2 above 45

A. pH below 7.35

A nurse is reviewing the Arterial Blood Gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect? A. pH-7.25, HCO3- 19mEq/L, PaCO2 30mm Hg B. pH-7.30, HCO3- 26mEq/L, PaCO2 50mm Hg C.pH-7.50, HCO3- 20mEq/L, PaCO2 32mm Hg D.pH-7.55, HCO3- 30mEq/L, PaCO2 31mm Hg

A. pH-7.25, HCO3- 19mEq/L, PaCO2 30mm Hg

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who takes furosemide. The nurse should recommend which of the following foods as the best source of potassium. A.Banana B.Cooked Carrots C.Cheddar Cheese D. 2% Milk

A.Banana

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? A.Bicarbonate Excess B.Kussmaul's Respirations C.Flushing D.Circumoral parasthesia E.Lethargy

A.Bicarbonate Excess D.Circumoral paresthesia

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride (KCl) to a client who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse reviews the client's serum potassium level results and discovers the client's potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take. A.Give the ordered KCl as prescribed B.Omit the KCl and document that it was not given C.Call the prescribing physician and inform her of the client's serum potassium level results. D.Call the lab to verify the client's results

A.Give the ordered KCl as prescribed

A nurse is admitting a client who has a serum calcium level of 12.3 mg/dL and initiates cardiac monitoring. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the initial assessments. A.Lethargy B.Hyperactive deep tendom reflexes C.Prolonged ST segment D.Hyperactive bowel sounds

A.Lethargy

A nurse is caring for a client who has theterm-9 following ABG's: HCO3 18mEq, PaCO2 28mm Hg, and pH7.30. The nurses recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following. A.Metabolic Acidosis B.Respiratory Acidosis C.Metabolic Alkalosis D.Respiratory Alkalosis

A.Metabolic Acidosis

A nurse is reviewing the ABG's for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO2 48mm Hg, and HCO3 23mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which imbalance. A.Respiratory Acidosis B.Respiratory Alkalosis C.Metabolic Acidosis D.Metabolic Acidosis

A.Respiratory Acidosis

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking chlorothiazide sodium. The nurse recognizes which of the following as manifestation hypokalemia. A.Shallow resperations B.Hypertensive crisis C.Diarrhea D.Hyperreflexia

A.Shallow resperations

A nurse is caring for a client who had total thyroidectomy and a serum calcium level of 7.6 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A.Tingling B.Hypoactive C.Shortened QT intervals D.Constipation

A.Tingling

A nurse is reviewing the ABG's of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see? A.pH below 7.35 B.HCO3 above 26mEq/L C.PaCO2 below 70mm Hg D.PaCO2 above 45mm Hg

A.pH below 7.35

A nurse is caring for a female client in the emergency department who reports shortness of breath and pain in the lung area. She states that she started taking birth control pills 3 weeks ago and she smokes. He her HR is 110/min, RR 40/min, and BP 140/80. Her ABG's are pH 7.50, PaCO2 29mm Hg, Pa02 60mm Hg, HCO3 20mEq/L, and SaO2 86%. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? A. Prepare for mechanical ventilation B. Administer O2 via Face Mask C.Prepare to administer a sedative D.Assess for indications of pulmonary embolism

B. Administer O2 via Face Mask

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has repiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A.HCO3- 30 mEq/L B.PaCO2 50mm Hg C.pH 7.45 D.Potassium 3.3 mEq/L

B.PaCO2 50mm HG

A nurse is teaching a group of teenage clients about the use of condoms for the prevention if STIs. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Use a natural membrane condom rather than a polyurethane condom." B. "Use an oil-based lubricant when you use a condom." C. "Female condoms can help prevent transmission of STIs."

C. "Female condoms can help prevent transmission of STIs."

A nurse is teaching a client who has a UTI and is taking ciprofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client? A. "If the medicine causes an upset stomach, take an antacid at the same time." B. "Limit your daily fluid intake while taking this medication." C. "You should report any tendon discomfort you experience while taking this medication."

C. "You should report any tendon discomfort you experience while taking this medication."

A nurse is caring for a client for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter and notes blood-tinged urine in the catheter bag. The nurse recognizes this finding can be a manifestation of which of the following urinary alterations? A. Pernicious anemia B. Prostate enlargement C. Bladder infection

C. Bladder infection

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential causative factor? A. Client is currently prescribed spironolactone. B. Client reports drinking 3.5-4 mL of water each day. C. Client has an NG tube for gastric suction.

C. Client has an NG tube for gastric suction.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has an UTI. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with this client? A. Urinary retention B. Incontinence C. Confusion

C. Confusion

A nurse is caring for 4 hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit? A. The client has been NPO since midnight for endoscopy. B. The client who has left-sided heart failure and has a brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 600 pg/mL C. The client who has gastroenteritis and is febrile

C. The client who has gastroenteritis and is febrile

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client. A.Lactated Ringers B.Dextrost 5% in 0.9% Sodium Chloride C.0.45% Sodium Chloride D.Dextrost 10% in water

C.0.45% Sodium Chloride

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq PO daily. The nurse reviews the clients most recent laboratory results and finds the client's potassium level is 5.2 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take? A.Give the ordered KCl as prescribed B.Omit the KCl and document that it was not given C.Call the prescribing physician and inform her of the client's serum potassium level results. D.Call the lab to verify the client's results

C.Call the prescribing physician and inform her of the client's serum potassium level results.

A nurse in the Emergency Department is caring for a client who collapsed after playing football on a hit day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions. Na-152 K+-3.6 Cl-105 Glucose-102 BUN-18 Creatinine-0.7 A.Renal Failure B.Low-Protein Diet C.Dehydration D.Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

C.Dehydration

A nurse is caring for a client whose ABG results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO2 of 50mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following. A.Metabolic Acidosis B.Metabolic Alkalosis C.Respiratory Acidosis D.Respiratory Alkalosis

C.Respiratory Acidosis

A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has a calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A.Dry, Sticky, mucous membranes B.Poluria C.Negative Chvostek's sign D.Muscle Tremors

D.Muscle Tremors

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client's family has requested to bring in some of the client's favorite foods. Which of the following food items should the nurse tell the family members to omit? A.Boiled Rice B.Flat Bread C.Broiled Fish Filet D.Pickled Vegetables

D.Pickled Vegetables

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following ABG values would the nurse expect this client to have? A.pH 7.49, HCO3 24, PaCO2 30 B.pH 7.49, HCO3 30, PaCO2 40 C.pH 7.26, HCO3 24, PaCO2 46 D.pH 7.26, HCO3 14, PaCO2 30

D.pH 7.26, HCO3 14, PaCO2 30