med surg practice questions

an emergency department nurse is caring for a 7 year old child suspected of having meningitis. the patient is to have a lumbar puncture performed, and the nurse is doing preprocedure teaching with the child and the mother. the nurse's action is an example of which therapeutic communication technique?

a. informing b. suggesting c. expectation setting d. enlightening A. informing informing involves providing info to the patient regarding their care. suggesting is the presentation of an alternative idea for the patient's consideration relative to problem solving. this action is not characterized as expectation setting.

the nurse is providing care for an 82 year old man whose signs and symptoms of parkinsons disease have worsened over the past several months. the man states that he can no longer do as many things for himself as he used to be able to. what factor should the nurse recognize as impacting the client's life most significantly? a. loss of independence b. age related changes c. tremors and decreased mobility d. neurologic deficits

a. loss of independence

a group of students have been challenged to prioritize ethical practice when working with a marginalized population. how should the students best understand the concept of ethics?

a. the informal study of patterns of ideal behavior b. the adherence to culturally rooted, behavioral norms c. the formal, systematic study of moral beliefs d. the adherence to informal personal values c. the formal, systematic study of moral beliefs answer: in essence, the formal, systematic study of moral beliefs, whereas morality is the adherence to informal personal values

the nurse is planning to teach tracheostomy care to a client who will be discharged home following a psinal cord injury. when preparing to teach, which component of the teaching plan should the nurse prioritize? a. determining the client's readiness to learn new information b. citing the evidence that underlies each of the teaching points c. including several nursing colleagues in the planning process d. alleviating the client's guilt associated with not knowing appropriate self-care

a. determining the client's readiness to learn new information

a public health nurse is planning educational that are based on becker's health belief model. when identifying the variables that affect local resident's health promotion behaviors, what question should the nurse seek to answer? a."who is available to provide health promotion education in the local area." b."why have previous attempts at health promotion failed?" c."how much funding is available for health promotion in the community?" d. "do residents believe that they have ready access to health promotion resources?"

d. "do residents believe that they have ready access to health promotion resources?"

the nurse is caring for a 35 year old man whose severe workplace injuries necessitate bilateral below the knee the amputations. how should the nurse anticipate that the client will respond to this news? a. the client will go through the stages of grief over the next week to 10 days b. the client will require psychotherapy to process his grief c. the client will progress sequentially through five stages of the grief process d. the client will experience grief in an individualized manner.

d. the client will experience grief in an individualized manner.

in the course of performing an admission assessment, the nurse has asked questions about the patient's first and second order relatives. what is the primary rationale for the nurse's line of questioning?

to identify diseases that can be genetic

while receiving report on an group of clients, the nurse learns that a client with terminal cancer has granted power of attorney for health care to her brother. how does this affect the course of the client's care?

a. there are binding parameters for care even if the client changes her mind. b. there is a document delegating custody of children to other than her spouse. c. another individual has been identified to make decisions on her behalf of the client. d. the named individual is in charge of the client's finances. c. another individual has been identified to make decisions on her behalf of the client. A power of attorney is said to be in effect when a patient has identified another individual to make decisions on her behalf. The patient has the right to change her mind. A power-of-attorney for health care does not give anyone the right to make financial decisions for the patient nor does it delegate custody of minor children.

during the care conference for a client who has multiple chronic conditions, the case manager has alluded to the principles of the interface model of disability. what statement is most characteristic of this model? a."this client can be empowered and doesn't have to be dependent." b. "this client's physiologic problems are the priority over his psychosocial status. " c. "this client was a very different before the emergence of these health problems." d."this client should be free to plan his care without our interference."

a."this client can be empowered and doesn't have to be dependent."

a client has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. the client is clinically obese and has a sedentary lifestyle. how can the nurse best begin to help the client increase his activity level? a. set up appointment times at a local fitness center for the client to attend b. identify barriers with the client that inhibit his lifestyle change c. construct an exercise program and have the client follow it d. have a family member ensure the client follows a suggested exercise plan

b. identify barriers with the client that inhibit his lifestyle change

an elderly client has come into the clinic for her twice yearly physical. the client tells the nurse she is generally enjoying good health, but that she has been having occasional episodes of constipation over the past 6 months. what interventions should the nurse first suggest? a. reduce the amount of stress she currently experiences b. increase daily intake of water c. increase carbs and reduce protein intake d. take herbal laxatives, such as senna, each night at bedtime

b. increase daily intake of water

for what health promotion should a client of african heritage most likely have genetic carrier testing? a. huntington's disease b. sickle cell anemia c. rubella d. meckel diverticulum

b. sickle cell anemia

the nurse is preparing a discharge teaching session with an asian client to evaluate the client's ability to change a dressing. the client speaks and understands minimal english. what would be the best way to promote understanding during the teaching session? a. write the procedure out for the client in simple language b. use an interpreter during the teaching session c. ask the client to repeat the instructions carefully d. have the client demonstrate the dressing change

b. use an interpreter during the teaching session

a gerontologic nurse is overseeing a large, long-term care facility. the nurse is educating staff about the threat posed by influenza in older, frail adults. what action should the nurse prioritize to reduce the incidence and prevalence of influenza in the facility? a. make arrangements for residents to limit social interaction during winter months b. teach staff how to administer prophylactic antiviral medications effectively. c. ensure that residents receive influenza vaccinations in the fall of each year. d. ensure that residents receive a high caloric, high protein diet during the winter

c. ensure that residents receive influenza vaccinations in the fall of each year.

the nurse is working with a rehabilitation client who has a deficit in mobility following a skiing accident. the nurse knows that preparation for ambulation is extremely important. what nursing action will best provide the foundation of preparation for ambulation? a. setting realistic expectations b. assessing the client's understanding of ambulation c. helping the client perform frequent exercise d. stimulating the client's desire to ambulate

c. helping the client perform frequent exercise

the care team has deemed the occasional use of restraints necessary in the care of a patient with alzheimer's disease. what ethical violation is most often posed when using restraints in a long-term care setting? a. it limits the patient's personal safety b. it exacerbates the patient's disease process c. it threatens the patient's autonomy d. it is not normally legal

c. it threatens the patient's autonomy because safety risks are involved when using restraints on elderly confused patients, this is a common ethical problem, especially in long-term care settings, by definition, restraints limit the individual's autonomy. restraints are not without risks, but they should not normally limit a patient's safety

a new client has been admitted with a diagnosis of stage IV breast cancer. this woman has a comorbidity of myasthenia gravis. during the intial assessment, the client states that she felt the lump in her breast about 9 months ago. the nurse asks the client why she did not see her health care provider when she first found the lump in her breast. what would be a factor that is known to influence the client in seeking health care services? a. lack of knowledge about treatment options b. overly sensitive client reactions to health care services c. unfavorable interactions with health care providers d. lack of insight due to the success of self-managing a chronic condition

c. unfavorable interactions with health care providers