med surge chapter 15 pain management study guide
ketorolac thromethamine (toradol) is generally used for the short term management of?
postoperative pain
if the pt is nauseated or has difficulty swallowing which route is udeful for administration of opioid?
rectal
list the proper sequence the steps in pain management ?
1.accept the pt report of pain 2.determine the status of pain 3.describe the pain,(location,quality,,intensity,agravating factors) 4.examine the site 5.identify coping methods 6.record assessment,interventions,and evaluation
which of the following describe addiction?
1.compulsive obtaining and use of drug for psychic effects 2.physiological dependence characterized by continued craving for opioid for other than pain relief.
the longest time a cold application can be used without tissue injury would be?
15 minutes
a pt receiving 10mg morphine IM for pain will be given what dose PO to receive an equianalgesic dose?
30 mg
when pain is unpredictable,analgesics are more effective when given?
PRN
which non pharmacologic pain intervention increases the pain threshold and reduces muscle spasm?
TENS
to evaluate the pt for constipation the nurse monitors the pt for?
abd distention, cramping, and abd pain
pain that occurs after injury to tissues from surgery, trauma, or disease?
acute pain
postoperative pain and pain in childbirth are examples of?
acute pain
behavioral pattern of compulsive drug use characterized by craving for an opioid and obtaining and using the drug for effects other than pain relief?
addiction
when a pain med order states 10-20mg IM prn for pain, what will the nurse do when 10 mg have been given and is not effective?
adjust the next dose up as ordered until pain is releived with minimal or no side effects
a stoic 75 year old asian woman who has been experiencing back pain states that she does not want to other the nurse.which factors best explain her response to pain?
age culture
which of the following are physical factors that influence the response to pain?
age type of surgery pain tolerance pain threshold
which are physical factors that influence response to pain?
age type of surgery pain tolerance physical activity
which effect of opioids is not potentiated by the use of promethazine?
analgesia
drug that acts on the nervous system to releive or reduce the suffering or intensity of pain?
analgesic
a 46 year old pt has received nitrous oxide during surgery and says he does not have pain postoperatively, which factors best explains hes respond to pain?
anesthetic
which factors affect the pain threshold?
anger fatigue depression insomnia
a drug classification that is effective in treating neuropathic pain is ?
antidepressants
which of the following are adjuvant analgesiscs and medications for the treatment of pain?
antidepressants muscle relaxants anticonvulsants
which are examples of cutaneous stimulation methods for pain control?
application of heat application of cold tens massage
drugs such as nonopioids, that do not improve analgesia beyond a certain dosage are said to have?
ceiling effect
a pain that cannot be explained or that persist after healing has taken place is?
chronic benign pain
pain the last longer than six months?
chronic pain
which of the following are parasympathetic responses to pain?
constipation urinary retention
what are common pain behaviors in cognitively impaired older adults?
grimacing crying decreased wandering noisy breathing
one difference between acute and chronic pain is that a pt with acute pain?
has a fast heart rate
which of the following are characteristics of chronic pain?
last 3-6 months normal heart rate and bp oral route is preferred route minimal facial expressions
which of the following are factors that close the gate according to the gate control theory?
massage position change guided imagery heat application
an example of acute pain with recurrent episodes is pain associated with?
migraine pain
relaxation is most effective for?
mild to moderate pain
when observing sedation in a pt,which stage would the nurse consider an emergency?
minimal response to physical stimulation
when the patient threshold is lowered, the person experiences pain?
more easily
a pt who has back surgery complains of muscle spams? which drug may be most effective in relieving his pain?
muscle relaxant
which of the following are examples of conditions that cause acute pain?
neuralgia (herpes zoster) sickle cell crisis migrane headaches
process of pain transmission?
nociception
Aspirin,acetaminophen, and NSAIDs are examples of?
nonopioid analgesics
the initial treatment choice for mild pain is?
nonopioid analgesics
which age group tends to report their pain as much less severe than it really is?
older adults
nonopiods tend to block pain transmission?
on the peripheral nervous sytem
nalbuphine (nubain),burtophanol (stadol) and pentazocrine (talwin) are exmaples of?
opioid aganosit-antagonist
fentanyl (duragesic) transdermal patches are used to treat chronic pain by delivering?
opioids
unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or pontetial tissue damage,existing whenever the person says it does?
pain
point at which stimulus causes the sensation of pain?
pain threshold
when possible, the information about pain should obtained from the?
patient
the application of cold is contraindicated in pts with?
peripheral vascular disease
physiologic adaptation of the body to an opioid so that the person exhibits withdrawal symptoms when the opioids is stopped abruptly after repeated administration?
physical dependence
dilated pupils,respiration, and pallor are results of which nervous system response to pain?
sympathetic
a physiologic result of repeated doses of an opioid where the same dose is no longer effective in achieving the same analgesic effect?
tolerance
amount of a pain a person is willing to endure before taking action to relief pain?
tolerance
surgery in which area is reported to be the most painful for pts?
upper abdominal region