Med Term Module 15: Endocrine System

Calcitonin is produced by the pancreas. True False

False

Regulating body temperature through perspiration is a function of the endocrine system. True False

False

The endocrine system regulates metabolism. True False

True

Mrs. Castle has ___, a disorder caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone after maturity, resulting in abnormal enlargement of skeletal extremities, such as the nose, jaw, fingers, and toes. dwarfism gigantism cretinism acromegaly

acromegaly

Which word part means gland? aden/o adren/o endo- -crine

aden/o

Which is the correct spelling of the term that means surgical removal of a gland? adunectomy adrenectomy adenectomy adrenectomy

adenectomy

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label B? adrenal glands hypophysis pancreas ovaries thyroid gland pineal gland

adrenal glands

Which word part indicates male hormones? estr/o adrenal/o thyr/o andr/o

andr/o

What sign commonly accompanies Graves disease? edema xeroderma hyperactivity anorexia

anorexia

The parathyroid glands are located in the _____________ portion of the thyroid gland. lateral medial anterior posterior

anterior

Which is the correct spelling for the description of drugs that work against the thyroid gland? antithyroid antethyroid antiparathyroid euthyroid

antithyroid

15.2 Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a decrease in the ____________ cells of the pancreas. beta alpha

beta

The term hypercalcemia means that Steven has excessive calcium in which bodily fluid? bile blood urine lymph

blood

Therapy using radiation placed near or directly on the cancer is: brachytherapy chemotherapy fractionation immunotherapy

brachytherapy

15.9 The combining form mast/o refers to what? breast heart lungs chest

breast

Choose the term for cancer treatment that involves the circulation of cancer-destroying medicine. cauterization chemotherapy brachytherapy cryotherapy

chemotherapy

If hypothyroidism occurs in childhood, what condition can result? myxedema thyrotoxicosis acromegaly cretinism

cretinism

The condition caused by congenital hypothyroidism and marked by arrested physical and mental development: Graves disease dwarfism gigantism cretinism

cretinism

15.1 Katrina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism, which means that her thyroid gland is producing ____________ thyroid hormone. deficient excessive

deficient

David has slowly developed a problem with his body's use and regulation of insulin, even though his pancreas continues to produce normal amounts. His condition is called ___. hypoinsulinism diabetes mellitus diabetes insipidus hyperinsulinism

diabetes mellitus

Chemotherapy refers to treatment with what? surgery heat radiation drugs

drugs

An undersecretion of somatotropin in childhood results in which disorder? acromegaly dwarfism gigantism Cushing disease

dwarfism

Which disease is caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood? Graves disease acromegaly gigantism dwarfism

dwarfism

What does the suffix -megaly in the term acromegaly mean? enlargement slow extremities tall

enlargement

A surgical __________ is the removal of the tumor along with all surrounding tissue. exenteration resection debulking procedure excision

exenteration

Glands with ducts that deliver secretions onto a body surface are called: gonadotropic exocrine ductless endocrine

exocrine

What term is used to describe the condition in which eyes protrude from their sockets attributable to increased fatty deposits behind the eyeballs? oculitis myxedema exophthalmos goiter

exophthalmos

What does the prefix acro- in the term acromegaly mean? extremities tall enlargement slow

extremities

There are ___________ parathyroid glands. two three six four

four

An oversecretion of somatotropin before adulthood results in which disorder? acromegaly gigantism Cushing disease dwarfism

gigantism

This condition results from hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood: acromegaly cretinism gigantism dwarfism

gigantism

Overproduction of hormones sometimes requires the suppression or removal of all or part of the _____ responsible for overproduction. exocrine hypophysis gland pituitary gland

gland

Qz1 The endocrine system is composed of ___ that release ___ into the bloodstream, which are then distributed to other parts of the body. glands; hormones organs; chemical messengers organs; enzymes glands; neurotransmitters

glands; hormones

Qz 3 A device used to measure blood glucose levels: insulin pen thermometer epi-pen glucometer

glucometer

What device can Alana use to monitor her blood sugar during the day? insulin pen pulse oximeter sphygmomanometer glucometer

glucometer

Mrs. Jang's enlarged thyroid gland, or ___, is seen in the image below as a pronounced swelling in her neck. myxedema exophthalmos goiter acromegaly

goiter

What term means an enlargement of the thyroid gland, usually caused by low iodine levels? myxedema prolactinoma adiposity goiter

goiter

15.7 What is another name for the term somatotropin? ADH triiodothyronine (T3) growth hormone thyroxine (T4)

growth hormone

Which is the correct spelling of the term that means the stability of the body's internal environment? homostasis homeostasis homestasis hormonostasis

homeostasis

What are the chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands called? targets messengers hormones enzymes

hormones

Which term indicates a condition of excessive parathyroid hormone production? hyperparathyroidism hypoparathyroidism hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism

hyperparathyroidism

What is the medical term for excessive hormone production? hypersecretion euthyroid hyposecretion malingering

hypersecretion

15.5 What general term means an overactive thyroid gland? hypothyroidism acromegaly adenopathy hyperthyroidism

hyperthyroidism

Decreased activity of the parathyroid glands: euthyroid Graves disease hypoparathyroidism hyperparathyroidism

hypoparathyroidism

The surgical removal or destruction of the pituitary gland: hypophysectomy pituitarectomy adrenalectomy radioactive iodine therapy

hypophysectomy

The medical term for the pituitary gland is: euthyroid pancreas gonad hypophysis

hypophysis

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label A? pineal gland hypophysis pancreas testes adrenal glands ovaries thyroid gland

hypophysis

The endocrine glands release hormones in response to stimulation by the: hypophysis and pineal gland hypophysis and nervous system pituitary and islets of Langerhans thyroid and parathyroid glands

hypophysis and nervous system

Jackie's thyroid has a decreased level of functionality that is called ___. hypoxia goiter hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism

hypothyroidism

The treatment goal for diabetes mellitus is to maintain a balance of the body's _____ and glucose. carbohydrates oral agent insulin calcium

insulin

Type 1 diabetes results in the lack of the body's ability to produce what? glycogen antidiuretic hormone glucose insulin

insulin

A/n _____ is a portable, battery-operated instrument worn by many diabetics. glucometer insulin pen insulin pump insulin catheter

insulin pump

Which word parts are contained in the two hormones that regulate blood sugar? thyroid/o, adren/o insulin/o, gluc/o insulin/o, thyroid/o gluc/o, thyroid/o

insulin/o, gluc/o

15.3 Hypocalcemia means that Enya has _____________ amounts of calcium in her blood. high low

low

Alana experiences episodes of hypoglycemia when she skips meals, which means that she has ____________ blood glucose. low high

low

Glycosuria is a symptom of diabetes _____. insipidus mellitus

mellitus

Qz 2 Hyperglycemia is a symptom of diabetes _____. insipidus mellitus

mellitus

Sophie's persistent hypothyroidism has resulted in a dry, waxy swelling of her skin called ___. myxedema cretinism gigantism acromegaly

myxedema

What term means an extreme form of hypothyroidism in adults? thyrotoxicosis hyperthyroidism myxedema cretinism

myxedema

Where is ADH produced? adenohypophysis hypothalamus pineal gland neurohypophysis

neurohypophysis

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label C? hypophysis testes thyroid gland pancreas ovaries pineal gland adrenal glands

ovaries

15.8 A diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism means that Steven has ____________ active parathyroid glands. over under

over

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label E? ovaries adrenal glands testes thyroid gland hypophysis pancreas pineal gland

pancreas

Which is the correct spelling of the term for surgical excision of the parathyroid glands? parathyrectomy parathyroidectomy perithyroidectomy perithyrectomy

parathyroidectomy

The term remission means that the cancer has ____________. spread partly or totally disappeared reoccurred

partly or totally disappeared

Some patients carry a kit or insulin _____ to give themselves injections whenever they need to throughout the day. pin dart pick pen

pen

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label G? pineal gland hypophysis adrenal glands testes ovaries thyroid gland pancreas

pineal gland

15.4 Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of the ____________ gland. thyroid pineal thymus pituitary

pituitary

15.6 Acromegaly results when the ____________ gland malfunctions. pineal parathyroid thyroid pituitary

pituitary

Which endocrine gland is the "master gland"? pituitary thyroid pancreas pineal

pituitary

What is the medical term that means excessive thirst? polyuria polyphagia polydipsia paresthesia

polydipsia

Arnie complains that he has to get up to urinate on and off all day, a condition known as ___. hyperdipsia polyuria hypouria glycosuria

polyuria

What is the medical term that means excessive quantities of urine? polydipsia paresthesia polyuria polyphagia

polyuria

A tumor shows no response to radiotherapy. This means it is: dense radioresistant benign radiosensitive

radioresistant

A parathyroidectomy means the ____________ of one or more of the parathyroid glands. measuring removal, excision incision recording

removal, excision

Which hormone is secreted in excess in acromegaly? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) parathyroid hormone (PTH) somatotropin cortisol

somatotropin

The term metastatic means that the cancer has ____________. been contained been cured spread

spread

What is the term for the organ or structure toward which the effects of a hormone are directed? target organ gonadotropin receptor organ gonad

target organ

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label D? testes ovaries pancreas thyroid gland adrenal glands pineal gland hypophysis

testes

Which is the main male hormone? testesterone testiculone testosterone progesterone

testosterone

Which endocrine gland is indicated by label F? pineal gland testes ovaries pancreas hypophysis adrenal glands thyroid gland

thyroid gland

Which is the correct spelling of the term that means removal of the thyroid gland? thyroidectomy thiroidectomy thyrotomy thyroidotomy

thyroidectomy

A morbid, toxic condition caused by excessive thyroid secretion: hyperthyroidism myxedema hypothyroidism thyrotoxicosis

thyrotoxicosis

What is another term that means hyperthyroidism? thyrotoxicosis thyroiditis calcipenia goiter

thyrotoxicosis

Which term is the correct spelling of the term that means the same as tetraiodothyronine? thyroxine triiodothyronine thiroxine thyrotoxicosis

thyroxine

Radiotherapy targets the tumor cells with ____________. lasers sound waves x-rays light

x-rays