Medical Evacuation

Medical Evacuation Tools •A system consisting of one or more ambulance loading points, relay points, and when necessary, ambulance control points, all echeloned forward from the principal group of ambulances, the company location, or basic relay points as tactically required? •Important points may be manned to supervise the blanket, litter, and patient movement items (PMI) exchange and to ensure that messages and medical supplies to be forwarded are expedited?

Ambulance Shuttle System - Staffing of Relay, Loading, and Ambulance Control Points

Medical Evacuation Tools A location that may or may not be staffed, where casualties are assembled for evacuation to a medical treatment facility? •A location where a patient is transferred from one ambulance to another en route to a medical treatment facility?

Casualty Collection Point Ambulance Exchange Point

MEDEVAC vs. CASEVAC Medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) is performed by dedicated, medically equipped, and standardized MEDEVAC platforms designed especially for the MEDEVAC mission to provide en route care by trained medical professionals who provide the timely, efficient movement and en route care of the wounded, injured, or ill persons from the battlefield or other locations to MTFs. Casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) is the movement of casualties aboard nonmedical vehicles or aircraft without en route medical care.

If MEDEVAC platforms (ground or air) are available, casualties should be evacuated on these conveyances to ensure they receive proper en route medical care. Units should only use CASEVAC to move Soldiers with less severe injuries when MEDEVAC assets are overwhelmed or otherwise unavailable. When possible, nonmedical vehicles/aircraft transporting casualties should be augmented with a combat medic or combat lifesaver.

Which primary task Provides rapid evacuation utilizing dedicated assets to the most appropriate role of care. Provide a capability to cross-level patients within the theater hospitals and to transport patients being evacuated out of theater to staging facility prior to departure? This task is performed by the evacuation platforms in the medical company (ground ambulance) and medical company (air ambulance).

Intratheater Medical Evacuation

9-Line MEDEVAC

Low flying pilots eat tacos, so many pizzas nice

Contiguous Evac Employment

POINT OF INJURY -> CCP -> BAS -> AXP-> BSMC -> CSH

MEDEVAC Support for ARSOF Army special operations forces (ARSOF) do not have an organic MEDEVAC system. The ARSOF is, therefore, dependent upon the conventional theater MEDEVAC system for this support. The ARSOF does have an organic capability to affect CASEVAC using ARSOF airframes (those used for infiltration/extraction of ARSOF personnel).

Planning factors to consider when planning MEDEVAC support to ARSOF includes— •Small unit and austere AHS capability •Remote operational areas and long evacuation routes •Medical evacuation, medical regulating and patient tracking requires an understanding of sensitivity of ARSOF missions. During evacuation, they must account for any sensitive items and documents that the ARSOF patient possesses.

Is assigned to patients that should be evacuated as soon as possible and within a maximum of one hour who must receive far forward surgical intervention to save life, limb, or eyesight and stabilize for further evacuation.

Priority IA—URGENT-SURG

Is assigned to sick and wounded personnel requiring evacuation but whose condition is not expected to deteriorate significantly. The sick and wounded in this category should be evacuated within 24 hours.

Priority III—ROUTINE

Is assigned to sick and wounded personnel requiring prompt medical care. This precedence is used when the individual should be evacuated within four hours or if his medical condition could deteriorate to such a degree that he will become an URGENT precedence, or whose requirements for special treatment are not available locally, or who will suffer unnecessary pain or disability.

Priority II—PRIORITY

Is assigned to patients for whom evacuation by medical vehicle is a matter of medical convenience rather than necessity.

Priority IV—CONVENIENCE

Medical Evacuation of Detainees When detainees are evacuated through medical channels, medical personnel— •Report this action through medical channels to detainee operations medical director and the next higher headquarters. •Request disposition instructions from the MEDBDE (SPT) patient movement branch.

The MEDBDE (SPT) patient movement branch is responsible for— •Coordinating the transportation means. •Identifying the MTF to which the detainees will be taken. •Coordinating, in conjunction with the MTF commander, with the Detainee Reporting System to account for detainees within medical channels.

Which primary task Provides a rapid response to acquire wounded, injured, and ill personnel. Clear the battlefield of casualties and facilitate and enhance the tactical commander's freedom of movement and maneuver? This task is performed by the medical evacuation crew of the evacuation platform.

Acquire and locate

Primary Tasks of MEDEVAC

Acquire and locate Treat and Stabilize Intratheater Medical Evacuation Emergency movement of medical personnel, equipment, and supplies

Support to Theater Medical evacuation supports theater evacuation policy and is an integral part of medical regulating. Medical evacuation support: What are the two types? hint* D,A

Direct support Area support

Which primary tasks provides a rapid response for the emergency movement of scarce medical resources throughout an operational environment?

Emergency movement of medical personnel, equipment, and supplies

Platform Considerations •Evacuation platforms must be capable of keeping pace with the supported unit. •Higher role of medical care assets supports forward and evacuates from the lower role or evacuation assets. •The patient's medical condition is the overriding factor in determining the evacuation platform and destination MTF. •The air ambulance operates wherever needed on the battlefield, dependent on risk and METT-TC factors. Use of hardened armored MEDEVAC vehicles may be the vehicle of choice for some missions for short evacuation to an MTF or to a secure AXP for transfer to an air or wheeled ground ambulance.

The rapid evacuation of patients from POI to higher roles of care enables the maneuver formations to sustain initiative.

Ground Medical Evacuation see slide

This figure depicts a medical company (area support) (MCAS) and the area support role in the EAB area of operations.

Which primary task Maintains or improve the patient's medical condition during transport and provide en route care as required? This task is performed by medical evacuation crewmembers and providers when necessary.

Treat and Stabilize

Prioritization of Patients •Casualties requiring evacuation are prioritized to ensure the most seriously injured or ill receive timely medical intervention consistent with their medical condition. **As with medical treatment, the patient's medical condition is the only factor used to determine the evacuation precedence. •The decision to request a MEDEVAC and the level of evacuation precedence will be made by the senior medical personnel on scene, or senior military ranking officer if medical personnel are unavailable based on the patient's condition and the tactical situation. •The patient's medical condition is the overriding factor in determining the evacuation platform and destination facility.

delayed immediate minimal and expected

Medical ________________ is the timely and effective movement of the wounded, injured, or ill to and between medical treatment facilities on dedicated and properly marked medical platforms with en route care provided by medical personnel.

evacuation

Non-Contiguous Evac Employment

the allocation and availability of medical and MEDEVAC resources and the number, type, and criticality of patients being evacuated may require bypassing lower roles of care in order to ensure the timely treatment and appropriate care of casualties.

Evacuation of Military Working Dogs •Injured or ill military working dogs may be evacuated on any transportation means available. The using unit is responsible for the evacuation of the animal. •Use of dedicated MEDEVAC assets (air or ground ambulances) is authorized based on mission priority and availability.

•When possible, the handler should accompany the animal during the evacuation to ensure MEDEVAC personnel safety. •Units requesting MEDEVAC for military working dogs should include the location of veterinary treatment facilities or support units in their request.

Medical Evacuation of Detainees •Sick, injured, and wounded detainees are treated and evacuated in military police channels when possible. •They must be physically segregated from U.S. and multinational patients.

•Providing guards for the transport of detainees is NOT the responsibility of MEDEVACs units or the MTF. Guards for these detainees are provided according to the BCT, division or corps orders and are from other than medical resources. •The U.S. provides the same standard of medical care for wounded, sick, and injured detainees as that given to U.S. and multinational Soldiers.

Categories of Evacuation Precedence Priorities: Priority I—URGENT Is assigned to emergency cases that should be evacuated as soon as possible and within a maximum of _____ hour in order to save life, limb, or eyesight and to prevent complications of serious illness and to avoid permanent disability.

1 hour

1.What is the only factor used to determine medical evacuation precedence? ● 2.What are the categories of evacuation precedence? ● 3.What provides a standardized message format that helps expedite the medical evacuation process?

1. patient's medical condition is the only factor used to determine the evacuation precedence. 2. urgent, urgent surg, priority, routine, convenience 3. 9 line

1.What is the mission of the maneuver battalion ambulance team? ● 2.What is the mission of the Medical Company, Area Support (MCAS) ambulance platoon? ● 3.What is the mission of the Medical Company, Ground Ambulance? ● 4.What is the mission of the Medical Company, Air Ambulance?

1. to collect and treat the sick, injured, and wounded Soldiers on the battlefield and to provide MEDEVAC support from the POI, CCP, or AXP to the supporting MTF.

Area MEDEVAC Support •EAB units without organic MEDEVAC resources will require evacuation support on an area basis. •To ensure that these elements receive adequate support, the medical planner must include these requirements into the OPLAN. Prior coordination is essential to ensure that the locations of CCPs, AXPs, and BASs are disseminated to these elements and that any unique support requirements are included in the OPLAN.

Medical evacuation on an area basis is required at all roles in the AHS system.

Property Exchange Whenever a patient is evacuated from one MTF to another, or is transferred from one ambulance to another, medical items of equipment (CASEVAC bags [cold weather type bags], blankets, litters, and splints) remain with the patient. To prevent rapid and unnecessary depletion of supplies and equipment, the receiving Army element exchanges like property with the transferring element.

Movement Items (PMI) must be available to support the patient during the evacuation. Examples of PMI include— • Ventilators. • Patient monitors. • Pulse oximeters. These items will be available for exchange at the supporting aeromedical staging facilities.

•Direct support - requiring a force to _____________ another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly to the supported force's request for assistance. •Area support - a method of ______________, medical support, and personnel services in which support relationships are determined by the location of the units requiring support.

support logistics - area support for the mission