Medical micro unit 8

Portal of entry and exit

Where parasite enters and exits the host

Nosocomial infection, where is it commonly found?

An infection that is acquired by a patient during their hospital stay. 50%- urinary tract 25%- surgical site 12%- lower respiratory tract 6%- blood infections 7%- other infections

Indirect transmission

Consumption of contaminated food or water, through fomites like bed linens, door handles, toilet seats. Can be transmitted by arthropods, the carriers of disease can have the disease agent, but not be sick. Can still transmit the organism to another person

What is the difference between sporadic, endemic, epidemic, and pandemic?

Sporadic- disease occurs occasionally and at irregular intervals Endemic- disease is continually present at steady level in a population and pose little threat to public health Epidemic- sudden increase in illness and death rate above normal levels and causes potential public health issues Pandemic- disease spreads across continents and can be worldwide

What is the difference between a common source and a propagated epidemic?

Common-source: arise from contact with a contaminated source and usually associated with contaminated food or water. Illness is sudden and the disease peaks rapidly in population Propagated epidemic: result of direct person-to-person transmission: the microbe is spread from infected individuals to non infected individuals. The epidemic rises slowly and decreases gradually

Direct transmission

Examples are handshaking, kissing, sex, touching, animals. Can catch by exposure to droplets, such as sneezing or coughing