Medical Terminology Units 1-3

define the suffix: -lysis

to break down

define the plan prefix: cautery

to burn

define the objective prefix: palpation

to feel

define the assessment prefix: -gnosis

to know

define the objective prefix: auscultation

to listen

define the directional term: lateral

to the side of, away from the midline

define the prefix: sym-

together

define the prefix: hypo- and sub-

too little

define the suffix: -ote

type of cell

Match the prefix with the correct definition. Prefix: hypo-

under

define the location prefix: hypo-, infra-, and infro-

under

define the location prefix: sub-

underneath

define the root: cell

unit of living things

define the location prefix: ana-

up

define the prefix: ana-

up

define the location prefix: epi- and supra-

upon, on top of

define the root: ur

urine

define the suffix: -scopy

using an instrament

define the root: valv/ulo

valve

Which of the following terms means "toward the belly"?

ventral

define the body plane: coronal and frontal

vertical section that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

define the body plane: sagittal and longitudinal

vertical section that divides the body into right and left sides

define the suffix: -opsy

viewing

bacteriophage

virus that lyses bacteria

define the body plane: transverse and horizontal

divides the body into superior and inferior parts

define the root: passive

does not require energy

define the prefix: de-

down

define the location prefix: dep

down, away from

Match the prefix with the correct definition. Prefix: pin/o-

drink

define the root: pin/o

drinking

Match the suffix with the correct definition. Suffix: -ptosis

drooping

define the root: ptosis

drooping

define the suffix: -ptosis

drooping

define the plan prefix: dessicate

dry out

define the prefix: pro-

early, before

define the root: phag/o

eating

define the root: phage

eating

define the abbreviation: HPI

history of present illness

define the suffix: -spasm

involuntary contraction

plural of iris

irides

Match the root with the correct definition. Root: hepat/o

liver

define the root: hepat/o

liver

define the plan prefix: graft

living tissue

define the root: prone

lying face down

define the suffix: -ate

making or applying

define the quality/appearance prefix: multi-

many

define the SOAP prefix: radiating

pain that feels like it is moving to another spot

define the suffix: -centesis

puncture

define the root: py/o

pus

define the root: blast

rapidly dividing cell

define the suffix: -blast

rapidly diving cell

define the quality/appearance prefix: pluri- and poly-

several

define the quality/appearance prefix: oligo-

several, a handful

define the root: virulence

severity of disease

define the root: deoxrib/o

similar to ribose but missing oxygen

define the abbreviation: Hx

history

define the root: malignant

invasive, destructive

define the objective prefix: edema

swelling

define the root: caud/o

tail

define the suffix: -ium

tissue, structure

define the quality/appearance prefix: bi- and di-

two

endoplasmic

a cell organelle

ribonucleic

a chemical used in cells to make proteins

deoxyribonucleic

a chemical used in cells to store information

define the quality/appearance prefix: dys-

bad

define the abbreviation: CC

chief complant

define the root: ped/o

children

define the root: path/o

disease

define the suffix: -pathy

disease

define the root: cacner

disease of uncontrolled cell division

define the assessment prefix: lesion

diseased tissue

Farther away from the center is:

distal

define the root: agonist

fighter

Which of the following suffixes means "pain"? Check all that apply.

-dynia and -algia

Definition: small, round, membrane-bound organelle that carries substances within the cell ves_______

-icle

Which of the following are diminutive suffixes that make the root in front of them smaller?

-icle, -ole, -ule, -ula

nucleolus

a smaller region within nucleus that makes RNA

microtubules

a structural part of the cell skeleton or cytoskeleton

define the objective prefix: biopsy

a tissue sample to be tested

enzyme

a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction

define the root: transmissability

ability of a disease to move person to person

define the root: superior

above

define the directional term: superior

above, toward the head

define the prefix: trans-

across

define the root: transverse

across the long axis

define the abbreviation: ATP

adenosine triphosphate

Definition: Nerve that carries information towards the central nervous system _______ nerve

afferent

define the prefix: post-

after

define the prefix: pre- and pro-

after

define the prefix: re-

again

define the location prefix: contra-

against

define the prefix: ant- and anti-

against

define the prefix: anti- and contra-

against

define the root: paradox

against prevailing opinion

define the quality/appearance prefix: pan-

all

Demos is a Greek word that means "people". For example, a democracy is a government run by the people. A pandemic is a disease outbreak which affects:

all people

define the suffix: -scope

an instrument used to see things

define the body plane: oblique

angled section

Which of the following terms are used to identify the front?

anterior

Which of the following prefixes mean "against", referring to an action? Mark all that apply.

anti- and contra-

define the prefix: dia-

apart

define the location prefix: circum- and peri-

around

define the abbreviation: APSO

assessment, plan, subjective, objective

define the location prefix: ab-

away from

define the root: lateral

away from midline

define the directional term:distal

away from the attachment point

define the root: popliteal

back the knee

Definition: Substance that acts against bacteria anti_______al

bacteri

define the root: bacteri/o

bacteria

define the prefix: ante-

before

define the location prefix: ante-

before, in front of

define the location prefix: retro-

behind

define the prefix: retro-

behind

define the root: abdomen

belly

define the directional term: inferior

below

define the root: inferior

below

define the location prefix: inter-

between

define the root: chole

bile

define the suffix: -desis

binding

define the abbreviation: Bx

biopsy

define the root: cyst/o

bladder

define the root: ves

bladder

define the root: hem/o and hemat/o

blood

define the suffix: -emia

blood condition

define the SOAP prefix: hematochezia

blood in the stool

define the root: soma

body

define the suffix: -some

body

define the root: ost/e and ost/eo

bone

define the root: capsid

box

define the plan prefix: -tripsy

break apart

define the root: lys/o

breakdown

define the suffix: -lysis and -lytic

breakdown, destruction

define the root: respiration

breathing

define the suffix: -cele

hernia

define the root: carc/i, carc/in, carc/ino

cancer

define the root: onc/o

cancer

plural of carcinoma

carcinomata

Definition: Condition of fast heartbeat tachy_______ia

card

Definition: Disease of the heart muscle characterized by enlargement of the heart dilated _______myopathy

cardio

define the assessment prefix: eti/o

cause, how something came to be

define the root: gen/o

cause, origin

define the suffix: -cyte

cell

lysosome

cell organelle that breaks down substances

define the root: centr/i and centr/o

center

define the root: nucleus

center of cell

Definition: "Water" (actually cerebrospinal fluid) in the head hydro_______us

cephal

define the assessment prefix: morph/o

change

define the root: morph/o

change

define the root: transcript

changing form without changing language (DNA to RNA)

define the root: translate

changing the language (RNA to protein)

define the root: amino

chemical group containing nitrogen

define the root: thorax

chest

Definition: Movement around a joint in a circular motion _______ duction

circum

define the directional term: proximal

close to the attachment point

define the root: proximal

closer to

define the plan prefix: cry/o

cold, freeze

define the root: chrom/at and chrom/o

color

define the assessment prefix: -osis

condition

define the suffix: -osis

condition

define the suffix: -us

condition

define the suffix: -ia and -y

condition, disease

define the suffix: -ism

condition, procedure, belief

define the suffix: -genic

creating

Match the suffix to the correct definition. Suffix: -gen, -genic, -genesis, -genous

creation

define the suffix: -gen, -genic, -genesis, -genous

creation

define the plan prefix: -stomy

creation of an opening

define the suffix: -stomy

creation of an opening

define the root: coronal

crown-like

define the plan prefix: -tomy

cut

define the suffix: -tomy

cut, incision

Definition: Removal of the gallbladder chole_______ectomy

cyst

plural of cystocentesis

cystocenteses

define the assessment prefix: malignant

dangerous, cancerous

define the assessment prefix: necr/o

dead

define the root: necr/o

dead

define the root: flexion

decreasing the angle of a joint

define the suffix: -penia

deficiency

define the abbreviation: DNA

deoxyribose nucleic acid

plural of diagnosis

diagnoses

define the abbreviation: Dx

diagnosis

define the suffix: -elle, -icle, -iculum, -ion, -ole, -ule, -ula, -ular, -ulum

diminutive suffix that makes things smaller

define the suffix: -icle, -ole, -ule, -ula

diminutive suffix, it makes whatever is in front of it smaller

define the assessment prefix: path/o

diseae

Match the prefix with the correct definition. Prefix: path/o-

disease

define the suffix: -id, -ide, -tide

ending for chemicals

define the suffix: -ise and -ize

ending that makes a noun a verb

mitochondrian

energy-producing oranelle

define the quality/appearance prefix: mega-

enlarged

define the root: clone

exact genetic copy of parent

define the suffix: -rrhage and -rrhea

excessive flow

One response to COVID-19 has been to designate "prone teams" who are responsible for rotating the patient so they are laying:

face-down

define the speed prefix: tachy-

fast

define the quality/appearance prefix: penta- and pento-

five

define the root: sarc/o

flesh, muscle

define the root: cubit

forearm

define the assessment prefix: xen/o

foreign

define the location prefix: xeno-

foreign

define the assessment prefix: plas/o

formation

define the root: plas/o

formation

define the suffix: -plasia

formation, development

define the quality/appearance prefix: quad- and tetra-

four

define the location prefix: apo-

from, away from

myc/o

fungus

define the root: distal

further away

define the abbreviation: GI

gastrointestinal

define the root: efferent

going away from

define the root: afferent

going towards

define the quality/appearance prefix: eu-

good

define the root: chondr

granule

define the quantifying prefix: hemi- and semi-

half

define the prefix: mid-

halfway across

define the root: scler/o

hard

define the SOAP prefix: temporal

having to do with time

define the root: cephal/o

head

define the root: card/i and card/io

heart

define the abbreviation: HEADSS

home and environment, education, employment, eating, activities, drugs, sexuality, suicide

define the SOAP prefix: severity

how bad it is

define the SOAP prefix: duration

how long something lasts

define the root: eti/o

how something came to be

define the abbreviation: H

hydrogen

define the directional term: posterior or dorsal

in back of, toward the back

define the root: frontal

in front

define the location prefix: pre- and pro-

in front of

define the directional term: anterior and ventral

in front of, toward the front of the body

define the location prefix: en-, endo-, intra-

in, inside

define the prefix: in-

in, on

define the root: dilate

increase opening

define the root: extenstion

increasing the angle of the joint

define the assessment prefix: septic

infected with bacteria

define the root: anus

inferior opening to the intestines

define the suffix: -itis

inflammation

define the root: feedback

information in the body used to monitor a state or condition

define the root: genetic

inheritance

define the prefix: endo-

inside

define the root: enceph/a and encephal/o

inside the head

define the directional term: deep

inside, towards the innermost part

define the suffix: -meter

instrument for measuring

define the suffix: -graph

instrument used to produce a visual graph

define the objective prefix: localized

isolated to one part of the body

define the root: plasm

jelly

define the root: arthr/o

joint

define the suffix: -cide

killing

define the quality/appearance prefix: macro-

large

define the SOAP prefix: chronic

lasting a long time

Which of the following terms means "away from the midline" or "to the side"?

lateral

define the root: supine

laying on the back

define the root: duc and duct

leading around

define the root: zym/o

leavening

define the root: meion

lessen, reduce

define the root: bio

life

define the root: myel/o

marrow

define the suffix: -iatrics and -iatry

medical science

define the root: peritoneum

membrane covering most of the abdominal organs

vesicle

membrane-bound structure that contains materials within or outside of the cell

organelle

membrane-bound structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell

define the abbreviation: mRNA

messenger RNA

define the directional term: medial

middle, toward the midline of the body

define the plan prefix: psych.o

mind, mental

plural of mitochondrion

mitochondria

define the plan prefix: matern/o

mother

define the root: stom/a/t

mouth

Match the prefix with the correct definition. Prefix: trop/o-

moving towards

define the assessment prefix: trop/o

moving towards or acting on

define the root: trop/o

moving towards or acting on

define the root: muscul/o and my/o

muscle

define the SOAP prefix: musculoskeletal

muscles and skeleton

plural of mycosis

mycoses

define the root: constrict and sten/o

narrowing

Which word means "pathological or unintentional cell death"?

necrosis

plural pf necrosis

nercroses

define the root: neur/o

nervous system

define the root: ret/e

net

define the prefix: neo-

new

Kinesis is a Medical English word that means "movement". (For example, a kinesiologist is a specialist in the study of movement.) Akinetic means:

no movement

define the prefix: a- and an-

not

define the assessment prefix: -trophy

nourishment

define the root: troph/o

nourishment

nucleic

nucleic acids are chemicals which were first isolated from the nucleus of living cells

plural of nucleolus

nucleoli

define the root: karyon

nucleus

define the prefix: apo-

off

define the root: archaea

oldest living thing

The patient was found supine. In what position did the EMTs find the patient?

on their back

define the quality/appearance prefix: mono- and uni-

one

meiosis

one type of cell division that involves reduction of genetic info

mitosis

one type of cell division that preserves genetic info

define the abbreviation: OLDCARTS

onset, location, duration, characterization, alleviation/aggravation factors, radiation, temporal, severity

define the root: dox

opinion

centriole

organelle involved in cell division

centrosome

organelle involved in cell division

symbiois

organisms living together

define the location prefix: e- and ec-

out of

define the location prefix: ex-, exo-, extra-

out, outside

define the location prefix:ecto-

outside

define the directional term: superficial

outside, towards the outermost part

define the location prefix: hyper-

over

define the suffix: -algia and -dynia

pain

define the prefix: para-

parallel

define the root: horizontal

parallel to the ground

necrosis

pathologic death of cells

define the prefix: eu-

perfect

plural of pericadium

pericardia

plural of periosteium

periostea

define the suffix: -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -ous, -tic

pertaining to

define the root: abdominal

pertaining to the abdomen

define the directional term: cephalic

pertaining to the head

define the directional term: caudal

pertaining to the tail

define the root: thoracic

pertaining to the thorax

Definition: Surgical fixation of the stomach gastro_______

pexy

Definition: Virus that infects and lyses bacteria bacterio_______

phage

define the abbreviation: K

potassium

define the assessment prefix: prognosis

prediction of what will happen to the patient

define the abbreviation: Rx

prescription

Match the suffix to the correct definition. Suffix: -iasis

presence of

define the suffix: -iasis

presence of

define the plan prefix: prophylaxis

preventative treatment

define the root: idio

private, distinct

define the suffix: -graphy

procedure used to produce a visual record

define the suffix: -poisesis

process for creation

define the suffix: -metry

process of measuring

apoptosis

programmed cell death

Which of the following terms is used to describe decreasing the angle of a joint?

pronation

define the SOAP prefix: complaint

reason for patient's visit

define the suffix: -ic

referring to

define the plan prefix: -plasty

reformation

define the suffix: -plasty

reformation, reconstruction

define the plan prefix: -ectomy

removal

define the suffix: -ectomy

removal

define the root: active

requires energy

define the suffix: -oid

resembling

define the abbreviation: RNA

ribonucleic acid

define the abbreviation: rRNA

ribosomal RNA

define the assessment prefix: morbidity

risk of being sick

define the assessment prefix: mortality

risk of dying

define the abbreviation: RER

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Match the suffix with the correct definition. Suffix: -rrhexis

rupture

define the suffix: -rrhexis

rupture

define the assessment prefix: benign

safe, non-cancerous

The body plane that divides the body into right and left pieces is

sagittal

define the prefix: homeo-

same

define the prefix: ipsi-

same

plural of sarcoma

sarcomata

define the prefix: aut/o-

self

define the prefix: auto-

self

define the quality/appearance prefix: hexa- and hexo-

six

define the speed prefix: brady-

slow

define the prefix: micro-

small

define the quality/appearance prefix: micro-

small

define the suffix: -olus

smaller

define the abbreviation: Na

sodium

Match the suffix to the correct definition. Suffix: -malacia

softening

define the suffix: -malacia

softening

define the SOAP prefix: alleviating factor

something that makes the problem better

define the SOAP prefix: aggravating factor

something that makes the problem worse

define the assessment prefix: hernia

something that sticks out where it shouldn't

define the suffix: -ist

specialist

define the suffix: -iatrist

specialist in the practice of

define the suffix: -logist

specialist in the study of

homeostasis

state of equilibrium

define the root: gastr/o

stomach

define the SOAP prefix: gastrointestinal

stomach and intestines

define the assessment prefix: lith/o

stone

define the suffix: -lith

stone

define the root: stasis

stopping, holding

define the plan prefix: orth/o

straight

define the root: orth/o

straight

define the suffix: -logy

study of

define the root: electron

subatomic particale

define the abbreviation: SOAP

subjective, objective, assessment, plan

define the root: acid

substance that gives off hydrogens

define the SOAP prefix: acute

sudden, short lasting

define the suffix: -ol

suffix for alcohol

define the suffix: -ine

suffix for amino acids

define the suffix: -ase

suffix for enzymes

define the suffix: -in, -ein, -globulin

suffix for protein

define the suffix: -ose

suffix for sugar

define the root: rib/o

sugar basis for molecules

define the plan prefix: -pexy

surgical fixation

define the suffix: -pexy

surgical fixation

Match the suffix with the correct definition. Suffix: -rrhaphy

suture

define the plan prefix: -rraphy

suture

define the suffix: -rrhaphy

suture

define the root: therm/o

temperature

What is the correct definition of etiology?

the cause

ribosome

the cellular machinery that assembles proteins during translation

The heart is superior to the stomach. In anatomical terms, this means that:

the heart is above the stomach

The heart is inferior to the head. What does this statement mean, in anatomical terms?

the heart is below the head

plural of thorax

thoraces

define the root: mito

thread

define the quality/appearance prefix: tri-

three

define the location prefix: dia- and trans-

through

define the objective prefix: systemic

throughout the body

define the speed prefix: chron/o-

time-dependent

Kinesis is a Medical English word that means "movement". (For example, a kinesiologist is a specialist in the study of movement.) Hypokinetic means:

too little movement

define the prefix: hyper-

too much

define the root: organ

tool, instrument

define the location prefix: ad-

toward

define the root: dorsal

toward the back

define the root: posterior

towards the back

define the root: ventral

towards the belly

define the root: anterior

towards the front

define the root: medial

towards the midline

Which of the following prefixes mean "through"? Check all that apply.

trans- and dia-

define the abbreviation: Tx

treatment

define the plan prefix: palliative

treatment of symptoms only

define the suffix: -oma

tumor, swelling

define the root: verse

turn

define the suffix: -vent

turn

define the root: hydr/o

water

define the SOAP prefix: history

what has happened to the patient up to this moment

define the objective prefix: sign

what the clinician can measure or observe

define the assessment prefix: diagnosis

what the clinician thinks the patient has

define the SOAP prefix: symptom

what the patient feels or experiences

define the root: gurgit

whirlpool

define the prefix: leuko-

white

leukocyte

white blood cell

define the location prefix: con-

with, together

define the location prefix: sym- and syn-

with, together

define the assessment prefix: ischemia

without blood flow

define the suffix: -tion

word ending that makes a noun a process

define the suffix: -gram

written, visual record