Medsci 142: Musculoskeletal Lab

extension

*IN CHICKEN* What movement does contraction of the iliofibular muscle have on the chicken hip joint?

flexion

*IN CHICKEN* What movement does contraction of the iliofibular muscle have on the chicken knee joint? .............................. .

b

*IN CHICKEN* Considering the place where the tendon of the iliofibular muscle inserts on the chicken fibula, which of the following statements best describes the action of this muscle? ( a ) Contraction causes a small-amplitude movement of the knee, with great power ( b ) Contraction causes a large-amplitude movement of the knee, with little power

hip tibio-tarsus

*IN CHICKEN* For the kneeflexor muscles the origin is from the ____ and the insertion is the ______

Lateral iliofibular muscle Lateral kneeflexor muscle medial kneeflexor muscle

*IN CHICKEN* Name the 3 hamstrings of the chicken thigh?

ilium tibio-tarsus

*IN CHICKEN* The *lateral iliotibial muscle* of the thigh has its *origin* on the _____ of the *pelvis* and it *inserts* on the _______ of the *shank*

medial lateral lateral

*IN CHICKEN* The ____ knee flexor muscle lies on top of and partly covers the______ knee flexor muscle. The _____ knee flexor muscle forms the posterior edge of the thigh

lateral medial

*IN CHICKEN* The ____ surface is covered with skin but on the ____surface raw flesh is exposed

2 tibiotarsus

*IN CHICKEN* The aponeurosis has _____ parts. A larger part inserts on the ______ and a smaller posterior part turns and joins a dense fibrous fascia oon te medial surface of the shank.

aponeurosis

*IN CHICKEN* The combined tendon of the knee flexor muscles is not very deep. It is very thin and ribbon-like ____.

dorsal

*IN CHICKEN* The origin of the lateral knee flexor is _____ to the orgin of the medial knee flexor.

iliofibular muscle

*IN CHICKEN* What is beneath the lateral iliotibial muscle?

Intertasal joint

*IN CHICKEN* What is often mistaken for the bird's knee?

Prevent it from falling down Has shorthead instead

*IN CHICKEN* • In the chicken, what is the function of the fibrous sling through which the tendon of the iliofibular muscle passes? ........................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... *IN HUMAN* • Why is there no corresponding sling in the human leg? .............................................................. ..............................................................

extension nothing

*IN HUMAN* What movement does contraction of the following muscles have on the human hip joint? Biceps femoris long head: ............................... Biceps femoris short head: ................................ •

Hamstring muscles

*IN HUMAN* All three muscles are supplied by branches of the *sciatic nerve*. The ____ ___ (except the short head of biceps femoris) are *biarticulate* muscles because they *cross two joints* (hip and knee). This means that the *position of the hip can affect the knee*.

flexion

*IN HUMAN* What movement does contraction of biceps femoris (both heads) have on the human knee joint? .................................. .

Origin

A muscles attachment to the bone that moves the least

Insertion

A muscles attachment to the bone which moves the most

c

A student examines the combined aponeurosis of the medial and lateral knee flexor muscles under the microscope at high magnification so that the aponeurosis occupies his entire field of view. Which of the following structures is the student most likely to find. a)An abundance of capillary of capillary endothelium b)Red blood cells without nuclei c)Connective tissue bundles travelling in a single direction d)Fat-filled adipocytes e)Synovial fluid

Deep

Away from the surface of the body

a

During his dissection, a student accidentally cut through the belly of the medial knee flexor muscle. In doing so he reveals a muscle which is connected to, but runs perpendicularly to the lateral knee flexor. With respect to the revealed muscle, select the CORRECT statement a)Functionally, it serves a similar purpose to the short head of biceps femoris, but for the lateral knee flexor b)It is an antagonist which supports the action of the medial knee flexor c)It is also known as the semimembranosus accessory muscle d)It is a synergist which opposes the action of the lateral knee flexor e)Its human equivalent is the gluteus maximus

b

From most lateral to medial, the correct order of structures is a)Fibrous sling-lateral iliotibial muscle- lateral knee flexor b)Fibrous sling- tendon of the iliofibular muscle- lateral knee flexor accessory muscle c)Iliofibular muscle-lateral knee flexor accessory muscle- medial knee extensor d)Lateral iliofibular muscle- iliotibial muscle - lateral knee flexor- medial knee flexor e)Iliofibular muscle- lateral knee flexor- medial knee flexor accessory muscle

Distal

Further away from the point of attachment of a limb or part

Semitendinous Semimembranous

In humans the lateral kneeflexor muscle and the medial kneeflexor muscles are which muscles?

Right foot flat Right mid-stance

In what other 2 phases in the gait cycle are the hamstring muscles contracting to prevent excessive hip flexion?

Right heel strike Right foot flat Right mid-stance Right push off Right to off Right mid-swing

Name the 6 different phases in the gait cycle

Medial

Nearer to the mid-line of the body

Proximal

Nearer to the point of attachment of a limb

Bicep femerus

The *lateral iliofibular* muscle in the chicken is the equivalent to the ____ _____ in the human?

b

The correct order of structures in the chicken leg, from proximal to distal is a)Femur- hip joint- knee joint -tibiotarsus- intertarsal joint b)Hip joint- femur- knee joint- tibiotarsus c)Tibiotarsus- intertarsal joint- fibula- tarsometatarsus d)Femur- tibia- knee joint- fibula- intertarsal joint e)Femur- fibula - knee joint- intertarsal joint

Right heel strike

The hamstring muscles contract the most during which phase in the gait cycle?

CT sling

The tendon of the iliofibular muscle passes through a ____ _____

Flexion

To decrease a joint angle

Extension

To increase a joint angle

Superficial

Towards or on the surface of the body

Synergist

What is the general term for a muscle which: - aids the action of another muscle? ..................................................... -

Antagonist

What is the general term for a muscle which: -opposes the action of another muscle? .....................................................

Iliotibial muscle- iliofibular muscle- fibrous sling- fibula

Whats the order the lateral structures would be exposed?

Lateral

further away from the mid-line of the body