MGMT 4320 Practice 16

What is the term used to describe a prolonged state of mental and physical exhaustion that cannot be fixed by getting a good night's sleep?

fatigue

Select recipient characteristics that contribute to resistance to change.

fear of the unknown fear of failure dispositional resistance peer pressure

Select other known reasons people resist change.

fear of the unknown fear of failure peer pressure loss of status

When fatigue occurs, what often accompanies it?

feelings of depression poor organization confusion

Organizational forces of change can stem from managerial behaviors such as excessive interpersonal conflict between _____. (Check all that apply.)

managers and subordinates managers and their board of directors

What has become one of the most significant forces for change experienced by public companies in recent years?

increased shareholder activism

Role conflict, role ambiguity, and job security are examples of stressors at what level?

individual

Which of the following are internal forces that can cause businesses to change?

managerial behavior human resource problems

What attitude about change will make you more likely to resist change?

negative

______ can be a function of the change agent's actions, inactions, or perceptions.

resistance

Any thought, emotion, or behavior that does not align with changes to existing routines is called:

resistance to change

The notion that people resist both actual and potential events is known as:

resistance to change

Select internal forces of change.

reward systems productivity job dissatisfaction

Perceptions of how able you are to deal with a given demand is called:

secondary appraisal

___________________ , as an external force, have become more involved with pressing for organizational change in response to ethical lapses from senior management.

shareholders

What are some actions that organizations can take to achieve the desired change outcomes?

solicit employees' opinions modify targeted elements of change use employee feedback

Factors that produce stress are called:

stressors

True or false: Some change experts believe that resistance does not reside solely within the individual employee; they contend that it is a result of the context in which change occurs.

true

Which of the following are considered among the five top practical implications for employees?

Be mindful of how you respond to change. Apply your knowledge of stress and coping skills. Resistance is a given.

What questions should you address when applying the systems model of change?

Change how? Why change? Change what?

When confronting failure, what do experts suggest you do?

Choose who you share it with. Fail productively. Talk about it.

How can companies help alleviate fatigue in their employees?

Educate workers on sleep management. Have the correct number of employees for the amount of work. Do not schedule workers unless they have adequate downtime.

Which of the following are causes for internal human resource problems and may signal a need for organizational change? (Check all that apply.)

Employee perceptions regarding the way they are treated at work The match between individual and organization needs

What can be done to emphasize positivity to overcome resistance to change?

Exercise mindfulness. Avoid dwelling on negative experiences. Identify and reflect on the positive outcomes.

___________________ forces originate outside of the organization.

External

If you focus on reducing the symptoms of stress, you are using:

symptom management strategies

One way for companies to improve productivity, competitiveness, and customer service is through:

technology

What environmental factors can have a significant effect on worker fatigue?

temperature light sound

What are the three causes of resistance to change?

the relationship between the change agent and the recipient the change agent the recipients of change

The expanded view of resistance states that it is caused by the interaction between the changer, the change recipient, and:

the relationships between the change recipients and change agents

What can be achieved by talking about a failure?

Gain another person's perspective. Own your mistakes. Recognize your vulnerabilities.

Which of the following statements are true about implementing corporate change?

Gathering feedback about the change is beneficial. People often resist change due to work environment issues. Don't assume people consciously resist change.

The process by which people evaluate the meaning of events and demands on their own well-being is called _________________ appraisal.

cognitive

What factors need to be considered when dealing with different types of change--adaptive, innovative, and radical?

complexity cost perceived associated threats

Using behaviors to directly anticipate or solve problems is called a ______ _______.

control strategy

Which factors drive change for tech companies when they are dealing with international markets?

cross border differences cross cultural differences

Match the letter on the left with the method of cognitive restructuring on the right.

A: Identify the event or problem B: List your thoughts on the problem C: Identify the consequences of your beliefs D: Come up with a counterargument E: Describe your empowerment

Match the stressor with the correct level or type. #2

Individual: job loss Group: annoying coworkers Organizational: high pressure environment Extra-organizational: work-life balance

Match the stressor with the correct level or type.

Individual: perceived lack of control over events Group: inconsistent manager behavior Organizational: culture intensity Extra-organizational: managing career and education

Which of the following are considered among the seven top practical implications for managers?

Not all changes are alike. Employee resistance will make or break your managerial effectiveness. Stress affects your performance and that of your employees.

____________ are factors that produce stress.

Stressors

Which of the following are powerful internal forces for change? (Check all that apply.)

Strikes Significant absenteeism Production slowdowns

When employees trust their managers, what are they more likely to do?

Take a chance trying something different. Put in extra effort.

Which of the following influence a change agent's actions and perceptions? (Check all that apply.)

The quality of agent's relationship with recipients Recipients' actions Recipients' inactions

Which of the following must organizations do to address changing demographic factors?

They must make changes to the workplace environment to attract and retain diverse employees.

Which of the following technologies have recently begun to be used to improve direct patient care and medical supply chains? (Check all that apply.)

Virtual reality and drones Drones and digital ordering

Under which circumstance can change resistance be reduced?

When change agents and recipients have a trusting relationship

What have shareholders pressed organizations to do in recent years?

address legal lapses remedy privacy issues improve efficiency

A change______________ is someone who is a catalyst in helping organizations to deal with old problems in new ways.

agent

What are the two methods for applying the systems model of change?

as an aid during the strategic planning process as a way to identify targets of change

Which of the following managerial actions can indicate a change in management is needed?

bad decisions misconduct excessive interpersonal conflict at the office

Workplace stress can result in:

burnout decreased job satisfaction absenteeism

If people display the personality trait that makes them less likely to make changes and more likely to have negative attitudes toward change, they are exhibiting what?

dispositional resistance to change

What are some of the counterproductive behaviors linked to stress?

drinking yelling violence verbal abuse

Actions in which you avoid or ignore stressors are called ______.

escape strategies

Stress that is associated with positive emotions and outcomes is called:

eustress

Forces that originate outside of the organization are:

external

A model of occupational stress suggests that potential stressors can be at which levels?

extra-organizational organizational group individual

Select ways to overcome change resistance in employees.

hold meetings to address concerns give reason/rationale for change provide as much information as possible

What are some of the emerging sources of stress according to the American Psychological Association?

hunger housing instability discrimination

Ways to overcome resistance to change include:

informing those affected with the reasons for change providing as much information as possible providing employees with many opportunities to question the effects of the change

What do you call changes that come from inside the organization?

internal forces `for change

Human resource problems and managerial behaviors are examples of

internal forces for change

Which of the following statements about stress are accurate?

it can have positive consequences stress is inevitable it can be managed

What should managers do when it comes to stress reduction?

lead by example

When employees show up to work but are sick or otherwise in no condition to work productively this is called ______________________.

presenteeism

When employees show up to work but are sick or otherwise in no condition to work productively this is called:

presenteeism

Perceptions of whether a stressor is irrelevant, positive, or negative is called:

primary appraisal

Managers can overcome employees' resistance to change through which strategies?

recognizing progress expecting mistakes rewarding collaboration

Which of these are common, effective stress-reduction techniques?

regular breaks meditation play

In order to address changing demographics, firms are changing the work environment and benefits packages:

to attract and retain diverse employees

What are the ABCDEs of cognitive restructuring used to do?

to help stop pessimistic thinking about a problem or event

What issues do large U.S. tech companies sometimes encounter when offering their products overseas?

tougher regulations massive fines restrictions on what can be sold

True or false: Job stress means different things for different people.

true