MGMT 6802 Test 2

The ________ effect is the attraction of all living systems toward that which is life-giving and away from that which is life-depleting.

Positivity

Larry learned that his coworker Simon had a vacation planned with his family for an upcoming reunion and had used all of his paid annual leave. Since Larry knew he wouldn't be using all of his annual leave, he donated three days to Simon. This is an example of ________ behavior in the organization.

Prosocial

Jeff is late to work one morning, so he drives over the speed limit through a school zone. As a result, he gets pulled over by a police officer and receives a ticket. This scenario is an instance of

Punishment

The members of the management faculty in the business school go out at the end of the semester to a local restaurant for dinner and socializing. They are both a formal and informal group.

True

________ are the most effective schedules of reinforcement.

Variable ratio and variable interval

Michele is a freelancer who works with a publishing company on an editorial team. She resides in Connecticut, while the company is based in Illinois. Michele attends team meetings via Skype and is in constant email contact. This is an example of a(n) ________ team.

Virtual

________ represents what individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best.

Virtuousness

Team member characteristics should ________ the responsibilities of the team if the team is to be effective.

fit

The last stage of group development is performing.

False

When we are in ________ we are not necessarily thinking about anything; we are just doing.

Flow

________ groups are assigned by organizations or managers, while ________ groups form when the members' purpose of getting together is friendship or a common interest.

Formal; informal

Group members tend to be uncertain and anxious about such unknowns as their roles, the people in charge, and the group's goals during the ________ stage.

Forming

A person in the ________ role will encourage all group members to participate.

Gatekeeper

________ are powerful forms of social control that influence group and member behavior.

Group roles and norms

Kara is a very likable employee. Recently, her boss rated her at the highest level in all areas of performance, even though in some areas her performance did not warrant this judgment. This is an example of a ________ perceptual error.

Halo

During the forming stage, team effectiveness is low and independence is

High

________ is the popular term for linking monetary incentives with results or accomplishments.

Pay for Performance

Which of the following is not a result of escalation of conflict?

Parties move from heavy to light tactics.

Performance management involves monitoring, measuring, and evaluating, but does not include providing consequences for employees' performance.

False

________ is a process that involves an individual comparing perceptions of his or her of performance with those of managers, subordinates, and peers.

360-degree feedback

A non-performance consideration for considering rewards include all except

95 percent customer service satisfaction survey results.

Which of the following is not one of the most frequently experienced positive emotions?

Accomplishment

Identifying and modeling appropriate ways for people to interact with colleagues is a(n) ________ strategy.

Antibullying

________ is an alternative dispute resolution technique in which disagreeing parties agree ahead of time to accept the decision of a neutral party in a formal courtlike setting, often complete with evidence and witnesses.

Arbitration

The manager of the Oasis Casino notices that the security employees at the casino are treating customers impersonally. He sets a goal that they should make better eye contact and treat customers in a friendlier manner. This is a(n) ________ goal.

Behavioral

A(n) ________ helps guide behavior as well as avoid and overcome conflict.

Charter

________ trust addresses the question: "How effectively do people meet or perform their responsibilities and acknowledge other people's skills and abilities?"

Competence

________ is more than a simple difference of opinion.

Conflict

Opal, who has been a salesperson for six months, receives a review that she feels is unfair. Her manager just completed Sam's review yesterday. Sam has been a top salesperson for four years. It's likely that her manager has committed a ________ perceptual error.

Contrast Effects

________ teams are created with members from different disciplines within an organization, such as finance, operations, and R&D.

Cross-functional

Orna is a restaurant manager. She is helping a server who has a difficult guest. Everything is wrong—the water, the menu, the food, the service. Orna knows that this customer is always unhappy and delights in picking on the server. Orna bluntly tells the server that she needs to learn better conflict-handling skills. But then, Orna goes over to the customer, who begins to argue with her. So she tells the customer to leave and not bother coming back. This best represents the ________ conflict-handling style.

Dominating

René works as a bartender. A few people wave money at her so that she will serve them first. She finds this to be rude and, so, either ignores them or serves them last. People realize that René serves the people who wait politely first, and much of the rude behavior stops. René used the model of

Extinction

When issues are complex, better solutions are needed, commitment is needed, and time is available, the ________ conflict-handling style is appropriate.

Integrating

Adhere to standards of ________ is a factor to consider in a negotiation.

Justice

A head chef of a restaurant encourages his subordinates to be creative in the culinary arts. He does not believe in using prescribed recipes while cooking. Rather, he allows them to create unique recipes and use different ingredients to prepare dishes. This implies that the head chef established ________ goals.

Learning

Which of the following is not an outcome likely to result from positive emotions?

Loss of Focus

A neutral and trained third party can guide others to find innovative solutions to conflict. To ensure neutrality, most organizations hired ADR qualified outsiders. In this case, a(n) ________ is one who does not render a decision. Rather, it is up to the parties to the conflict to reach a mutually acceptable decision.

Mediator

________ is widely practiced by employees and in workplaces everywhere. Many companies are now even sponsoring this type of training for their employees

Mindfulness

Chris just finished a calculus test. Afterward, he walked all the way across campus without being aware of anything or anyone he passed. Chris is being

Mindless/Mindlessness

Managers tend to give more ________ feedback than positive feedback to employees.

Negative

________ is a give-and-take decision-making process involving two or more parties with different preferences. For example, labor-management negotiations over wages, hours, and working conditions.

Negotiation

Regis and Maggie just purchased their first home together. The seller offered them a counter offer to their first offer and they were happy with the terms. Two months later their basement flooded and cost over $20,000 in repairs to replace all of their household goods and to rebuild the drywall, flooring and mechanical systems. They found out that there was a crack in the foundation that the original owners did not reveal. What type of unethical tactic took place during the purchase agreement?

Nondisclosure

In which stage of the group development process do group members resolve their power struggles so that something can be accomplished?

Norming

Which of the following statements about norms is not true?

Norms are typically written down and discussed openly by groups.

The sales department of a mutual fund firm sets goals for the next fiscal year to sell a certain number of mutual funds each month. The firm only sets targets, but provides no other details. These goals are ________ goals.

Objective

Nate is a manager at a small appliance store. He is working with an unhappy customer who is yelling at him. Nate's policy on handling customer complaints is to give the customer what they want even at a cost to the company. This represents the ________ handling style.

Obliging

________ creates positivity from situation factors.

Organization Climate

________ is defined as employees' perceptions of formal and informal organizational policies, practices, procedures and routines:

Organizational climate

During a class lecture, Mike finds himself thinking about an argument he had last night with his girlfriend. Mike is displaying

Rumination

On the first day of class, Professor Sharif explains what the goals of the course are and what he expects of his students. This represents ________ of effective performance management.

Step 1, Defining Performance,

Individual issues such as "What's my role here?" and group issues such as "Why are we fighting over who is in charge and who does what?" are part of which stage of group development?

Storming

Marion is frustrated with her OB project group. She frequently asks: "What's the problem with our group? We don't seem to be getting anywhere." This is a(n) ________ function.

Task

Which of the following statements is true about Tuckman's five-stage model of group development?

The five stages are not necessarily of the same duration or intensity.

Dr. Beswick enjoys teaching college courses. She likes the salary as well as the ability to travel in summers. However, she also finds the job challenging and enjoyable. This would imply that she is working for

Total Rewards.

The law of effect states that

behavior with favorable consequences tends to be repeated

The relationship between conflict intensity and performance outcomes can be described as

both high and low conflict intensity are related to lower performance.

________ is the act of sharing information and coordinating efforts to achieve a collective outcome.

collaboration

Norman is elected president of the debate club. He is known as a team player. That means that Norman is

committed, collaborative, and competent.

Acme Company would like to reduce stereotyping and combat in-group thinking by creating social hours after work where members of different ethnicities and races can mingle and learn more about each other's backgrounds and interests. This would be an example of

contact hypothesis.

Cue Company's Research & Development team has developed a new malaria treatment, and the company anticipates large profits over the next five years. Cue will supply 15 percent of the drug free of charge to people in poor countries. In addition, the company will sponsor employee volunteer teams to help build medical clinics in identified areas, with no loss of vacation time or pay. What system is Cue Company practicing?

doing well and doing good

Which of the following is not a benefit of virtual teams?

easier to establish team cohesion

The ________ members of different groups interact, the ________ intergroup conflict they will experience.

more; less

Teams with high levels of ________ and ________ deal with task conflict better than those without these characteristics.

openness; emotional stability

In the Framework of POB,________ is/are a key input to positivity from situation factors.

organizational culture and climate

A key characteristic of position-based negotiation is

outcomes are win-lose or compromise.

Wendy has been the team lead for a year-long mentorship development program in her community. The members of the committee worked hard during the process and overcame budget constraints and other conflicts to implement the program to aspiring musicians in the area. She felt fortunate to have a strong team that cooperated and handled disputes and feedback constructively. According to Tuckman's five-stage model of group development, which of the following stages is Wendy's group experiencing?

performing

What is the group development process called where groups establish periods of stable functioning until an event causes a dramatic change in norms, roles and/or objectives?

punctuated equilibrium

Lack of interpersonal and face-to-face interactions make building trust relationships difficult. What type of challenge is this for a virtual team?

relationships

Which of the following is an individual function of a group?

satisfy the person's need for affiliation

In a study of executives from 300 companies, the most desirable soft skill named was

teamwork

Communication trust is

trust of disclosure.

Hope consists of

willpower and waypower.