MGT 355 Managing Diversity: Exam Review 1 + 2

Legislation and social policy stem from a value system that is shared by a people and thus represent their collective wish to enforce these values. This is especially true in what type of country?

Democratic

John is a new manager at a multinational company, his company is headquartered in the US with main offices in Japan, China, South America, and Canada. As a manager of a diverse set of employees what can John do to help the corporation's diverse workforce to excel?

Find a way to make the differences a virtue

Frank's views on discrimination in employment aligns with those of those of the neo-classical economists. What arguments would Frank make to his employer as reasons not to engage in discriminatory practices?

It would be to costly to the company

T/F: Social Identity involves a process of self-categorization

True

T/F: The concept of inclusion-exclusion is about employees perceptions about the treatment of people because of personal characteristics.

True

What is the theory that explains how an individuals' self-esteem acts as a personal indicator that allows people to monitor inclusion or exclusion reactions towards them from their environment?

psychological gauge (socio-meter) theory

What slogan IS NOT usually used to explain why companies implement diversity management strategies?

"Diversity makes us all better"

the slogan for the argument "diversity management can give companies a competitive advantage in the global economy is:

"diversity makes good business sense"

In an effort to store warehouse products quickly, a company instituted a new policy that anyone who worked in the warehouse must be able to lift 60 lbs so that they could carry more. Which category of discriminatory act would the new policy fall into?

Covert Discrimination

What is an argument in support of Affirmative Action Programs?

Everyone in society has something important to contribute

If you wanted to know the answer as to why there are conflicts between groups in the office place, which type of theory would you refer to?

Explanatory Theories

What type of statement is this: " Oh I sometimes forget that you're Black lol!"

Microaggressions

Which of Hofstede's cultural dimensions would explain how an employee expects his supervisor to provide instruction?

Power distance

Which mental model is focused exclusively on elements of the situation directly related to the job, such as how far people are on the agenda?

Task-Focused Mental Model

T/F: Because humans have always depended on others for their basic needs, they are motivated to maintain connections with significant people and social systems in their lives.

True

T/F: Inclusion in an organizations' information networks and decision-making processes has been linked to better job opportunities

True

The ability to identity, understand, and apply the communicative behaviors of members of the other group is referred to as?

cultural fluency

What is considered the most extreme psychological mechanism in viewing members of other groups as inferior?

dehumanization

Members of ethnic and national minorities have also been frequent victims of?

discrimination

What workforce diversity management strategy would be used to minimize instances of stereotyping?

diversity sensitivity training

Which is TRUE about an inclusive organization climate

generates a sense of belonging

What challenges do scholars and researches around the world face in studying workforce diversity?

generating terms that will have common meanings across national boundaries

According to the text, which IS NOT one of the trends leading to an increase in workforce diversity?

greater economic disparity

What is true about workforce diversity?

impacts potentially harmful or beneficial employment outcomes

As discussed in the test, what actions did the Port Authority of New York engage in that was an example of their acknowledgement of their responsibility to the wider community?

implemented the operation alternative program

What is an important element in understanding in prejudice?

it involves negative associations or emotions

what type of diversity definition does the US largely use?

narrow category based

In which continent did the term diversity management originate?

north america

Which characteristic isn associated with long term orientation

persistence

organizations that are investing efforts in active diversity management with the aim of enhancing inclusion and fostering org effectiveness in the workplace are:

proactive

A growing number of countries have instituted equality and fairness legislation affecting the workplace. What protections are they trying to provide their citizens?

protections against discrimination

What is the underlying argument in support of the United Nations 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

protections of the rights of individuals of diverse backgrounds transcends national context

What is true about plural organizations?

they are organizations that have a heterogeneous workforce

What is the main criticism of expanded diversity definitions which include all differences

they reduce diversity to benign differences, diluting the serious consequences of discrimination

What is the driving factor that can be attributed to why affirmative or action policies vary so greatly country by country?

Each country's specific historical and cultural background shapes the nature of its policies

what is a MONOlithic organization?

an organization that is demographically and culturally homogeneous

Where should today's global business focus their primary efforts of diversity management?

on managing a heterogeneous workforce

Which statement is true about an individualistic society?

people are expected to act in their own interests

Which defines individualism vs collectivism

the relationship between the individual and the group

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights assures every person, as a member of the human society, specific economic, social , and cultural rights. Which is not one of the rights more relevant to employment?

the right to economic prosperity

diversity management is a systematic org wide effort based on the premise that there is inherent _______ in diversity.

value

a common typology for the expanded definition of broad category-based definition provides useful distinctions between what two types of diversity?

visible and invisible

According to the text, which four principles should effective diversity management encompass?

vision, ethics, respect, creativity

T/F: There is a universal interpersonal style that is culture neutral

False

T/F: An example of workforce discrimination is when an organization rewards people differently because of differences in their ability to perform their jobs.

False

T/F: Because the concepts of business is universal, people from different cultures often have the same set of assumptions about appropriate ways to communicate in business.

False

T/F: Culture determined the exact behavior for human being similar to the way programs dictate how computers function.

False

Which argument is used by critics of Hofstede's model?

Hofstede's model assumes national cultures are uniform

Cultural Audit refers to:

Identifying obstacles that limit the progress of employees from different backgrounds and that limit collaborations among groups in the organization

According to the text, which is a factor leading to changes to the US workforce composition?

Immigration

Global Disaster Recovery Services (GDRS) is an international company providing disaster recovery services domestically and internationally. Recently GDRS changed its hiring practices to hire both men and women to provide these services. The current seniority policy of ONLY using the most senior employees for an international assignment still exists. This policy is an example of what discriminatory practice?

Institutional

In the inclusive workplace model, what is an organization's responsibility in regards to the local community?

active participation and cooperation in the community

Which refers to employee perceptions regarding the extent to which the organization's policies reward role behaviors that include employees from diverse backgrounds in organizational processes

climate for diversity

Which type of diversity definition might include human differences such as culture, lifestyle, age, and religion?

conceptual rule based

Which of the following IS NOT an activity representative of an inclusive workplace model?

coordinates affinity group meetings and networking events

Black sales reps at Xerox filed a lawsuit contending that they suffered from racial discrimination by being routinely excluded from opportunities that would have allowed them to earn higher commissions. These reps said that they were assigned to less profitable territories than white coworkers. How would you characterize this type of discrimination?

covert, institutionalized and intentional

What is the intent of diversity management?

creating a welcoming org environment and opportunity for previously disadvantaged groups

Different articles under the declaration were designed to go together harmoniously, despite potential tension between the articles that assure freedom of cultural and religious expression and those that assure equality. Which is an examples of the potential tension between multiculturalism and human rights?

debate over the ban on wearing religious attire in the workplace

Which determines the conceptual rule diversity definition?

differences in worldviews or subjective culture, resulting in behavioral differences among cultural groups and differences in identity among group members in relation to other groups

the narrow category-based diversity definitions are determined by:

discrimination legislation that includes gender, racial, and ethnic groups, national origin, disability, and age

Hiro is a supervisor. He believes he has a good relationship with his employees except for the two new females who joined his team six months ago. One woman is overly aggressive, telling male coworkers how they should solve their problems. The other woman is just interested in climbing the social ladder as quickly as she can. Hiro has trouble connecting to these two employees. What cultural dimension might Hiro be operating from?

high masculinity - psychological perceptions not actions

According to the Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, human beings are entitled to certain rights and freedoms that other creatures do not enjoy. What is the basis for this distinction?

human beings are rational and moral

In what way might the voluntary nature of diversity management bring the demise of the concept in the long run?

if voluntary, the programs might not survive hard economic times

According to the text, within the organizational context, the inclusion-exclusion construct is a continuum which includes:

inclusion in organizational process, connnected-ness to coworkers, participation in decision making

Diversity enlargement refers to:

increasing the representation of individuals of different ethnic/cultural backgrounds in the organization

What does EEO- Equal Employment Opportunity legislation mean?

it is against the law to discriminate in hiring among applicants for employment

According to the text, which is a cause of the problems of managing today's global workforce?

management failing to handle diversity effectively

What does intranational diversity management refer to?

managing a diverse workforce of citizens and immigrants within a single national organizational context

Which defines miscommunication?

occurs when the original intent of the message transmitter is different from the meaning attached by the receiver

How an employee expects his supervisor to provide instruction and guidance largely depends on the employee's __________ ?

power distance dimension

What does the text suggest for managers to implement if they want to create a inclusive organization culture?

practical guidelines

What practice do equal opportunity theorists advocate but their critics consider discriminatory?

preferential hiring

Which is the first stage in the four stage process recommended by the text for organizations aiming to become inclusive?

self-study stage

Which statement is not included in the concept of the inclusive workplace model discussed in the text

shares organizational strategies with competition

In which society is there a general belief that high job mobility is a plus?

short - term orientation

When people evaluate themselves by comparing their group's membership with other groups, what process are they engaging in?

social comparison

Which is a mental model that focused attention on emotional and interpersonal concerns?

social-emotional mental models

The hierarchal system in society is considered important in which type of society?

societies ranking with a large power distance

Research has shown that employees who experience an inclusionary work environment are also likely to?

stay with that company

Where can one find an authoritative representative body that can speak to the value system of the majority of people on earth

the United Nations

which statement is true in the context of equality and fairness?

the experience of social exclusion transcends national boundaries

According to the text, which is the main source of the problems arising from today's workforce diversity?

the inability of organizations to integrate a heterogeneous work force

Besides having nondiscrimination legislature, what else is necessary countries to make a difference?

the laws must be implemented and enforced

Which defines power distance?

the relationship between authority and social inequality

If you are in the in-group, what type of people do you typically include in your group?

those that are like the members already in the group