MGT 370 - Exam 1
Allowing people to feel personally responsible for an identifiable and meaningful portion of the work is associated with which approach to job design?
Behavioral
This approach is concerned with the ideas and concepts concerning motivation theory.
Behavioral approach
An alternative view to the top-down perspective is that many strategic ideas emerge over time from operational experience. This perspective is called
Bottom up
Dependability means different things to different operations. Please match the most appropriate organization to this standard: keeping the published timetable.
Bus Company
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of cell layout?
Can give lower plant utilization
Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of the fixed-position layout?
Can mean much movement of plant and staff
Determine whether the stated disadvantage is created by a capacity-leading strategy or a capacity-lagging strategy: No ability to exploit short-term increase in demand.
Capacity-lagging strategy
Determine whether the stated disadvantage is created by a capacity-leading strategy or a capacity-lagging strategy: Capital spending on plant early.
Capacity-leading strategy
Determine whether the stated disadvantage is created by a capacity-leading strategy or a capacity-lagging strategy: Utilization of the plants is always relatively low, therefore costs will be high.
Capacity-leading strategy
Imagine a sports shop within a big department store. In terms of layout, how would the sports shop be usually positioned?
Cell layout
What do Flexible Manufacturing systems (FMS) do?
Completely manufacture a range of components without significant human intervention during the processing.
Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of the functional layout?
Complex flow can be difficult to control
What co-ordinates the whole process of manufacturing and manufactures a part, component or product:
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
Which of the following is the least likely decision to be made by Operations Managers?
Deciding which market areas to manufacture products for
Which of the following manufacturing technologies is most associated with high volume, low variety operations?
Dedicated systems
Which of the following is a qualitative approach to forecasting?
Delphi method
Which of the following is NOT a transformed resource input in operations?
Facilities
A 'process' is one aspect of a product or service. It describes the package of components that provide benefits defined in the concept.
False
In a cell layout arrangements, the location of resources will be determined not on the basis of the flow of transformed resources, but on the convenience of transforming resources themselves.
False
In cell layout arrangements, the location of resources will be determined not on the basis of the flow of transformed resources, but on the convenience of transforming resources themselves
False
What completely manufactures a range of components without significant human intervention during the processing:
Flexible manufacturing systems
What name is given to the model devised by Hayes and Wheelwright that categorizes the degree to which operations has a positive influence on overall strategy?
Four-stage model of operations contribution
Dependability means different things to different operations. Please match the most appropriate organization to this standard: Test results returned on schedule.
Hospital
Quality means different things to different operations. Please match the most appropriate organization to this standard: Customers are consulted and kept informed.
Hospital
Job empowerment is generally seen as providing the following benefits, with one exception:
Increase in training and selection costs
What moves and manipulates products, parts or tools:
Industrial robots
Which of the following is a transformed input resource?
Information
According to the Hayes and Wheelwright model, the increasing strategic contributions of operations are:
Internally neutral / externally neutral / internally supportive / externally supportive
A fast-developing medium with potential for 'information overload'. To which of the following information processing technologies is this constraint most relevant.
Internet
Job enrichment:
Involves giving employees work with a greater degree of responsibility and autonomy
Which of the following is NOT true of the speed objective?
It can increase risk.
Supply-side influences on the design of operations would NOT include:
Labor skills
What is the technique used to calculate the total energy used for a product, including all production inputs, transportation, maintenance, and final disposal?
Life cycle analysis
Match the following statement to the layout type: Potentially boring, short cycle work.
Line layout
Match the following statement to the layout type: regular flow for repetitive work.
Line layout
Which of the following is considered a disadvantage to highly divided jobs?
Low flexibility
Which of the following is an implication of low variety?
Low unit cost
Is the following design activity more suited to low volume/high variety or high volume/low variety. 'Task' staff skills.
Low volume/high variety
Is the following design activity more suited to low volume/high variety or high volume/low variety: low level of product/service standardization
Low volume/high variety
Which of the following is considered an advantage of large-scale technology?
Lower capital costs per unit of capacity
Process technologies differ in their flexibility capabilities and economics and will therefore be appropriate for different parts of the volume-variety matrix. Flexible manufacturing systems are usually:
Mid variety, mid volume
The operations ability to produce a wide range of products and services is called:
Mix flexibility
There are four perspectives on operations strategy. The term 'core competency' is most closely associated with which perspective?
Operations resources perspective
All the activities involved in supplying a customer's order is called:
Order fulfillment
Which of the following is NOT one of the four perspectives of operations strategy noted by Slack and Lewis?
Organizational behavior
An advantage of a capacity-lagging strategy is that:
Over-capacity problems are minimized if forecasts are optimistic
What is the name of a type of relationship in supply chains that encourage relatively enduring cooperative agreements for joint accomplishment of business goals?
Partnerships
For a hospital, which of the following does NOT relate to the quality objective?
Patients being dealt with in less than two hours in A&E.
Specifying the component products and services in the package is normally part of:
Preliminary design
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of fixed-position layout?
Scheduling of space and activities can be difficult
Which of the following is not a factor that can significantly reduce time to market for a product or service:
Separation of the design of products and services from the design of the processes which will produce them
A company may use focus groups as part of concept generation. A focus group will typically comprise: As part of concept generation, a company may use focus groups. A focus group will typically comprise:
Seven to ten participants who are unfamiliar with each other and have certain characteristics in common that relate to the particular topic
Service shops are characterized as which of the following:
Some customer contact, a degree of customization and some staff discretion
Which of the following is a transforming input resource?
Staff
The people and groups of people who have an interest in the operation and who may be influenced by, or influence, the operation's activities, are called:
Stakeholders
What name is given to the people and groups of people who have an interest in the operation and who may influence its activities?
Stakeholders
Dependability means different things to different operations. Please match the most appropriate organization to this standard: Predictability of opening hours.
Supermarket
A CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software program is an example of a transforming resource in the design process.
TRUE
Many businesses spend more on computer systems which control their processes than they do on the direct process technology which acts on its material, information or customers.
TRUE
The use of modular design principles involves designing standardization 'sub-components' of a product or service which can be put together in different ways.
TRUE
Which of the following functions is not a core function of an organization?
The accounting and finance function.
What is operations management?
The activity of producing products and services.
Vertical integration is:
The extent to which an organization owns the network of which it is part
Ergonomic work place design refers to
The interface between people and technology hardware
An organization's vertical integration strategy does NOT include:
The investment in distribution warehouses
Which of the following is seen as an internal benefit of emphasis on the speed objective?
The reduction in inventory
For a bus company, which of the following relates to the quality objective?
The timetable is accurate and user friendly.
Operations typically differ in terms of volume of output, variety of output, variation in demand or the degree of 'visibility' (i.e. customer contact) that they give to customers of the production process. Please match the following element with the most appropriate of the above dimensions. Flexibility is most closely matched to:
Variety
The amount of value-added activity that takes place in the presence of the customer is caller:
Visibility
The operations ability to change its level of output or activity to produce different quantities or volumes of product and service over time is called:
Volume flexibility
Factors which define the customers' requirements are called
competitive factors
Can be expensive to set up and can lead to 'over-analysis'. To which of the following information processing technologies is this constraint most relevant
decision support systems
The operations ability to change timing of the delivery of its services or products is called;
delivery flexibility
Set up costs can be high; also system skills are necessary to integrate EDI. To which of the following information processing technologies is this constraint most relevant
extranet
A process with high variety and low volume is likely to have a
fixed-position layout
Match the following statement to the layout type: Used in projects and many jobbing processes
fixed-position layout
Match the following statement to the layout type: Transforming resources grouped by type
functional layout
In the design activity, which of the following is likely to be a transformed input resource?
market forecast
In this approach workers should be selected, trained and developed methodically to perform their tasks
scientific management
Ergonomics is not concerned with which of the following aspects:
supervisory skills
Understanding the full consequences of adopting the design option relates to what evaluation criteria?
vulnerability
A qualifying factor could be described as:
A factor which has to be above a particular level to be considered by the customer
Operations can be classified according to their volume and variety of production as well as the degree of variation and visibility. Which of the following operations would be classified as high variation and high visibility?
A family doctor
Operations can be classified according to their volume and variety of production as well as the degree of variation and visibility. Which of the following operations would be classified as high volume, low variety?
A fast food restaurant
The location decision is determined by the relative strength of supply-side and demand-side factors. Is convenience for customers supply-side or demand-side?
Demand-side factor
An operation that relies on repeat business will seek to primarily focus on which of the performance objectives?
Dependability
Which factor of good product/service design best matches the following performance objective: Can require standardized services.
Dependability
Which of the following activities is not a direct responsibility of operations management?
Determining the exact mix of products and services that customers will want.
This approach involves dividing the task down into smaller parts.
Division of labor
Which of the following is correct?
Evaluation comes before prototyping
Modeling human decision-making is expensive; also it can only treat narrow problems. To which of the following information processing technologies is this constraint most relevant.
Expert systems
If the company's operations performance is considered superior to that of potential suppliers.
Explore keeping this activity in-house
Computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines can be defined as 'a computer-controlled configuration of semi-independent work stations connected by automated material handling and machine loading.'
FALSE
Specialist technical staff are examples of transformed input resources in the design process.
FALSE
What are the three broad categories of evaluation for assessing design options?
Feasibility, acceptability, vulnerability
Match the following statement to the layout type: Best for low volume, high variety outputs.
Fixed-position layout
The layout where the equipment, machinery, plant and people move as necessary is known as:
Fixed-position layout
A company which specializes in high variety and the frequent introduction of new products/services would seek to primarily focus on which of the performance objectives?
Flexibility
Match the following statement to the layout type: Allows for many process routes of batches of products.
Functional layout
Match the following statement to the layout type: Often associated with high WIP and delays
Functional layout
The procedures and models which are used to make strategic decisions - the how questions of strategy - are known as:
The process of strategy
Which of the following is generally considered a characteristic of a project process?
The product or service will be made to a specific customer order
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a line process?
The product or service will be made to a specific customer order
The stages of product design do NOT include:
The scale
Job design does not involve the following considerations:
Ignoring where the job is located.
Of the supply-side influences, community factors include all, bar one, of the following considerations
Image of the location
The transforming and transformed resources that form the input to operations are called:
Input resources
Resources within an operation that are not immediately evident, such as relationships with suppliers, are called:
Intangible resources
The operations' ability to introduce new or modified products is called:
Product/service flexibility
From high variety to low variety, which is the correct order of process types?
Project, jobbing, mass
Match the performance objectives with one of the influences of good process design: Can provide the appropriate resources, which are capable of producing to the design specification.
Quality
Slack defines the Five Performance Objectives for Operations as:
Quality / speed / dependability / flexibility / cost
One of the five basic performance objectives is speed. Speed has a number of effects on the internal operation. It:
Reduces inventories and reduces risk
Which of the following is NOT true of line layout?
Regular flow is less important
Which of the following is usually considered a characteristic of a line or product layout?
This layout can easily handle high volume but low variety.
Which of the following is NOT an implication of high visibility?
Time lag between production and consumption
The design activity has one overriding objective:
To provide products, services and processes that will satisfy the operation's customers
The idea that improvement in one aspect of operations performance comes at the expense of deterioration in another aspect of performance is called:
Trade-off theory
Cell layout is one where the transformed resources entering the operation are pre-selected to move to one part of the operation in which all the transforming resources are located
True
The most common example of network reconfiguration has come in the attempts made by many companies to reduce the number of suppliers with whom they have direct contact
True
Operations typically differ in terms of volume of output, variety of output, variation in demand or the degree of 'visibility' (i.e. customer contact) that they give to customers of the production process. Please match the following element with the most appropriate of the above dimensions. The demand pattern is most closely matched to:
Variation
Operations typically differ in terms of volume of output, variety of output, variation in demand or the degree of 'visibility' (i.e. customer contact) that they give to customers of the production process. Please match the following element with the most appropriate of the above dimensions. Low unit costs are most closely matched to:
Volume
Which of the following is a responsibility for an Operations Manager?
all of the below
Match the following statement to the layout type: Best for high volume, low variety outputs.
line layout
There are five main stages in design of products or services. Which is the correct sequence?
Concept generation, Screening, Preliminary design, Evaluation and improvement, Prototyping and final design.
In terms of application, robots cannot be classified as which of the following?
Controlling robots
Most operations produce a mixture of both products and services. which of the following businesses is closest to producing "pure" services?
Counselor/therapist
Which of the following is a result of increasing dependability?
All of the above
Ideas for new products can come from:
All of these
Job design is about how we structure:
All of these
Strategic network design decisions help to:
All of these
Which of the following is true of effective operations?
All of these
Which one of the following statements should be considered as part of a broad definition of design activity?
All of these
Dependability means different things to different operations. Please match the most appropriate organization to this standard: Delivering vehicles to dealers on time.
Automobile plant
Why is process design important in the design activity?
Because the design of the process has a significant impact on the ability of the operation to meet its customers' needs.
A demand forecast predicts a company's:
Sales
