MGT final exam

A ______ is a set of behaviors that people expect of individuals in a certain position. A. role B. bias C. template D. personality type

A

A team that relies heavily on interpersonal interactions to complete tasks is said to have a high degree of ______ among team members. A. interdependence B. independence C. conflict D. roles

A

Connie's team members criticize her for being outspoken and for not keeping them informed of her progress as often as they think she should. The criticism she receives is an example of ______. A. conflict B. adjourning C. groupthink D. social loafing

A

Groups often develop through ______, characterized by alternating periods of stable functioning and events that cause dramatic change in norms, roles, and/or objectives. A. punctuated equilibrium B. stern discipline C. productive energy D. groupthink

A

In the communication process, translating a message into symbols or language for transmission is referred to as ______. A. encoding B. decoding C. feedback D. noise

A

Interpreting and trying to make sense of the message is called ______. A. decoding B. providing feedback C. transmitting D. encoding

A

Power that results from one's specialized information or expertise is ______ power. A. expert B. legitimate C. reward D. referent

A

Richard's use of power is directed toward helping himself rather than helping others. This is an example of ______ power. A. personalized B. socialized C. contingent D. reward

A

Sacrificing individual recognition, putting the needs of others first, and focusing on the greater good are all aspects of which action you can employ to become a better team member? A. Committing to a team B. Supporting team members C. Leading a team by example D. Engaging in constructive competition

A

The ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursue organizational goals is referred to as: A. leadership. B. control. C. power. D. management.

A

The phrase "the power of the purse strings," meaning that managers can approve raises and other monetary incentives for employees, describes which type of power? A. Reward B. Coercive C. Expert D. Referent

A

What type of leadership is primarily concerned with leaders' interactions with their subordinates and is aimed at enhancing the creation of a positive, nurturing work environment? A. Relationship-oriented B. Transactional C. Job-centered D. Task-oriented

A

What type of leadership represents normatively appropriate behavior that focuses on being a moral role model? A. Ethical B. Consideration C. Transactional D. Empowering

A

Which core influence tactic tends to work better than a legitimating tactic? A. Consultation B. Maturation C. Foundation D. Ingratiation

A

Withholding judgment, showing respect, asking questions, and focusing on the present moment are all ways of improving which of the following? A. Active listening B. Constructive competition C. Team composition D. Punctuated equilibrium

A

Within situational control, the extent to which a manager has or does not have the support, loyalty, and trust of the work group is known which of the following? A. Leader-member relations B. Task orientation C. Task structure D. Position power

A

Which statements regarding social media strategies in business are true? (Choose every correct answer.) A. The message should be surprising. B. Marketers should track the results. C. Any social media presence will increase sales, even if the company puts little effort into it. D. One or two employees with minimal social media experience can probably manage the online presence for most companies.

A & B

Which actions can an individual take to become a more effective team member? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Lead by example B. Commit to the team C. Establish personal norms D. Prioritize individual achievement

A, B

According to research findings, followers seek and admire leaders who create which of these feelings? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Significance B. Community C. Excitement D. Uncertainty

A, B, C

In which ways do interpersonal skills help leaders in being effective? A. Working with diverse groups of people B. Identifying systemic problems C. Influencing others D. Organizing and planning

A, B, C

What are some of the implications of transformational leadership for managers? (Choose every correct answer.) A. It requires ethical leadership. B. It can improve results for both individuals and groups. C. It can be used to train employees at any level. D. It takes a shorter time to provide results.

A, B, C

Which actions could be considered microaggressions if they happen repeatedly? A. Mispronouncing a person's name B. Avoiding eye contact C. Interrupting someone who is speaking D. Stammering or blushing

A, B, C

Which of the following are aspects of considerate leader behavior? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Creates mutual respect B. Promotes social interactions C. Encourages identification with the team D. Positions the leader as the most important E. Emphasizes tasks over people

A, B, C

What are some of the main causes of poor listening in modern times? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Information overload B. Cell phones C. Diminishing intelligence D. Mindlessness

A, B, D

What are the components of the "Trust Triangle"? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Empathy B. Authority C. Authenticity D. Logic

A, B, D

What conditions must be present before a company's social media strategy will succeed? A. The company must dedicate resources to the effort. B. The company's customers must have social media skills. C. The company must establish a presence on multiple social media platforms. D. The company's personnel must be competent in using technology.

A, B, D

What conclusions can we draw from trait theory? A. The positive and "dark triad" traits suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid. B. A global mindset is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait. C. Confidence in one's ability to influence others is seen as a major deficit in leaders. D. Organizations may want to consider personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes. E. Traits are either positive or negative, and good leaders should only have positive traits. F. The implications of leadership traits cannot be ignored.

A, B, D, F

To be effective, a person employing influence tactics should do which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Be subtle. B. Legitimate rather than consult. C. Rely on the core. D. Be authentic. E. Practice deception.

A, C, D

To prepare for a career in business communication, you need to become competent in which areas? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Teamwork and collaboration B. Financial theory C. Social intelligence D. New media literacy

A, C, D

What are the causes of cyberloafing? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Social norms B. Corporate culture C. Boredom D. Addiction

A, C, D

What does a social media policy for a business typically specify? A. What consequences will be imposed on employees who fail to comply B. Which social media sites an employee is allowed to access outside of work C. Who is allowed to participate in social media at work D. When employees are allowed to use social media

A, C, D

What are some of the basic skills needed by leaders? A. Business skills B. Performance abilities C. Interpersonal skills D. Conceptual skills E. Unpredictability F. Cognitive abilities

A, C, D, F

Which of the following are among the nine most common influence tactics? A. Inspirational appeals B. Nagging C. Rational persuasion D. Premack's principle E. Consultation

A, C, E

Which actions can an individual take to become a more effective team member? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Lead by example B. Prioritize individual achievement C. Establish personal norms D. Commit to the team

A, D

Which characteristics are associated with leaders rather than with managers? A. Inspiring others B. Being conscientious C. Putting customers first D. Managing resources E. Being charismatic F. Being a visionary

A, E, F

During the first stage of team development, called ______, members get oriented and acquainted with each other. A. performing B. forming C. norming D. conforming

B

Ignoring or suppressing a conflict is known as using a(n) ______ style. A. compromising B. avoiding C. dominating D. obliging

B

In Michelle's group, individual members are beginning to assert their personalities, and the group is beginning to experience interpersonal conflict among its members. Michelle's group is entering the ______ stage of group development. A. norming B. storming C. performing D. forming

B

In the communication process, the ______ is the person wanting to share information. A. receiver B. sender C. messenger D. decoder

B

Interdependent actions taken by team members that turn inputs into collective outcomes are known as team ______. A. equilibrium B. processes C. norms D. diversity

B

Juanita typed a long message to her professor asking for an extension on her paper's due date, but before she could hit send the battery on her laptop died and she lost the message. This is an example of a(n) ______ barrier to communication. A. decoding B. medium C. encoding D. feedback

B

One management responsibility is to identify when to create ______, not simply when to mitigate it. A. synchronicity B. conflict C. consensus D. work

B

Power directed at helping others, as opposed to helping oneself, is known as ______ power. Multiple choice question. A. expert B. socialized C. legitimate D. coercive

B

Sarah emails Joyce to tell her about a new project opportunity. What is Joyce's role in the communication process? A. Sender B. Receiver C. Encoder D. Medium

B

Team performance improves when members demonstrate a high degree of ______. A. groupthink B. fit C. equilibrium D. conflict

B

The digital era and social media have caused major problems for businesses, including security breaches and ______. A. reduced diversity B. false information C. increased privacy D. high turnover

B

The expression of a receiver's reaction to a sender's message is known as ______. A. noise B. feedback C. decoding D. encoding

B

What makes a self-managed team unique? A. Staff members are required to do additional reporting to management. B. Members of the team are given administrative oversight for their task area. C. Supervisors do the work normally done by staff. D. Administrative oversight is provided by a third party.

B

What term describes understanding who you are and what you stand for? A. Self-confidence B. Self-awareness C. Self-doubt D. Selfishness

B

Which question is the most likely to help build a personal connection to someone in your professional network? A. "Where did you go to college?" B. "What was the best thing that happened to you this week?" C. "Where were you born?" D. "Did you have many jobs before you were hired for this one?"

B

What are the types of formal communication? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Internal B. Horizontal C. Vertical D. External

B, C, D

How can an individual build personal connections while creating a professional network? (Choose every correct answer.) A. By asking basic questions about the person's background B. By asking interesting questions to create a positive first impression C. By avoiding emotionality D. By drawing people into meaningful conversations

B, D

A group established by an organization to accomplish specific goals is called a(n) ______ group. A. hobby B. informal C. formal D. ancillary

C

According to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, the amount of influence a manager has in the immediate work environment is known as what? A. Conditional control B. Personalized power C. Situational control D. Socialized power

C

Active listening is the process of: A. recording a message in order to review its content later. B. listening to your counterpart while moving. C. decoding and interpreting verbal messages. D. listening to a communicator while multi-tasking.

C

Although some people view ______ as a weakness, it is actually the belief that something greater than oneself exists. A. mistrust B. authenticity C. humility D. bias

C

At the completion of a long project, Aileen gives her assistant a day off with pay to acknowledge all of his hard work. This is an example of ______ power. A. referent B. expert C. reward D. coercive

C

Businesses can increase productivity by encouraging managers and employees to use social media to ______. A. maintain constant communication among personnel B. take hourly breaks for socializing while at work C. enhance their individual performance D. monitor what other employees are doing with their time

C

Cell-phone and Internet-based technologies that generate interactive dialog among members of a network are known as ______. A. chat clients B. email clients C. social media D. communication enhancers

C

Connor rereads the email that he has received in order to make sense of its message. On what part of the communication process is Connor focusing? A. Encoding B. Transmitting C. Decoding D. Feedback

C

Conrad and his wife, Olivia, are both managers at different companies. While Conrad prefers to allow his team to make decisions and come up with their own processes for completing tasks, Olivia prefers to tell her staff how to approach a project and who should be responsible for what. Each has a unique style, and both are effective. They both demonstrate the ______ leadership approach. A. task B. transactional C. behavioral D. servant

C

Dysfunctional conflict is ______ for the organization. A. unimportant B. constructive C. bad D. necessary

C

How do men and women differ when making requests? A. Men tend to show uncertainty; women tend to hide uncertainty. B. Men tend to lean back; women tend to lean forward. C. Men tend to direct; women tend to ask. D. Men tend to listen; women tend to interrupt.

C

How well a particular medium conveys information and promotes learning is called ______. A. jargon B. noise resistance C. media richness D. semantics

C

In addition to emotional intelligence and agreeableness, what is a common positive interpersonal attribute of leaders? A. Machiavellianism B. Narcissism C. Extraversion D. Conscientiousness

C

Leaders who focus on ______ leadership behaviors attempt to ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used efficiently and effectively to accomplish the organization's mission. A. delegative B. participative C. task-oriented D. behavior-oriented

C

Repeated verbal and nonverbal hostility toward a subordinate is called ______. A. passive aggression B. coercive power C. abusive supervision D. Machiavellianism

C

Sources of conflict, such as differences between personalities, groups, or cultures, are called ______. A. conflict vices B. fire starters C. conflict triggers D. social loafing

C

Steve docks an employee's pay when he comes in late for work for the second time in a week. Steve is demonstrating ______ power. A. expert B. reward C. coercive D. referent

C

Studies have shown that a conflict-free work group tends to be a(n) ______ work group. A. busy B. dissatisfied C. inactive D. warlike

C

The means by which a communicator sends a message is called ______. A. feedback B. the encoding C. the medium D. noise

C

The wall separating Henri from his manager made it hard to hear what his manager was saying. The wall is an example of a(n) ______ barrier. A. psychological B. encoder C. physical D. sender

C

What general guidelines or rules of acceptable behavior are followed by most members of a group or team, even though they are often unwritten and seldom discussed? A. Attitudes B. Trends C. Norms D. Mission statement

C

What is a characteristic of a successful work team? A. Team members operate in general agreement and avoid conflict. B. Team members remain in contact outside normal business hours. C. All team members share a commitment to a clearly defined purpose. D. Team leadership is determined by executive-level managers.

C

What is defined as the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done while facilitating individual and group efforts to accomplish those goals? A. Psychological empowerment B. Passive leadership C. Managerial leadership D. Socialized power

C

What type of leaders use inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation to pursue organizational goals? A. Transitional B. Transnational C. Transformational D. Transactional

C

Which leadership approach suggests that leadership behaviors vary along a continuum of leadership styles, from passive through transactional to transformational? A. Charismatic B. Servant C. Full-range D. Path-goal

C

Which leadership model states that successful leaders help followers by tying meaningful rewards to goal accomplishment, reducing barriers to achieving those goals, and providing subordinates with support? A. Servant leadership B. Contingency leadership C. Path-goal leadership D. Transformational leadership

C

Which of the following best describes the dimension of situational control known as leader-member relations in Fiedler's contingency leadership model? A. The extent to which tasks are routine, unambiguous, and easily understood B. The level of personal friendship between the leader and the member C. The extent to which a leader has or lacks the support, loyalty, and trust of the work group D. The amount of power a leader has to make work assignments and reward and punish

C

Which of the following are types of informal communication channels? (Choose every correct answer.) A. A public announcement B. A newsletter C. The office grapevine D. Face-to-face communication

C & D

According to a 1970s study, work groups that experience too little conflict also tend to experience which of the following? A. Turnover B. Infighting C. Lack of creativity D. Apathy

C, D

Which leadership models are situational approaches? (Choose every correct answer.) A. Charismatic leadership model B. Transformational leadership model C. House's path-goal model D. Fiedler's contingency model

C, D

According to Dale Carnegie, what are the three rules of an effective speech? A. Look them in the eye. B. Repeat it. C. Say it. D. Tell them what you are going to say. E. Tell them what you said.

C, D, E

A manager sends a memo to notify his department of a new company policy. This is an example of ______ communication. A. external B. informal C. horizontal D. vertical

D

A manager who tells his subordinate, "Do it or else pay the consequences" is demonstrating what kind of power? A. Legitimate B. Referent C. Expert D. Coercive

D

According to the behavioral approaches to leadership, how should companies create effective managers? A. Impose severe punishments for employee negligence. B. Create a culture of unquestioning loyalty and rules. C. Select them based on their traits. D. Train them on task and relationship management.

D

An organization's vision and strategic plan is created by ______ and then implemented by ______. A. managers; leaders B. managers; supervisors C. supervisors; nonsupervisory employees D. leaders; managers

D

Anything that delays or obstructs any stage of the communication process is referred to, in general, as ______. A. feedback B. decoding errors C. encoding errors D. noise

D

Candidates for the management development program at GenCo Enterprises must first complete a personality assessment to determine the distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leadership role. Based on this, it would appear that GenCo believes in the ___ approach to leadership. A. transformational B. contingency C. market D. trait

D

Connor, Luke, and Mason are co-workers who meet regularly after work to talk about the latest video games on the market and strategies for improving their scores on the games. This is an example of a ______. A. Team B. crowd C. department D. group

D

Eye contact, facial expressions, and body movements and gestures are forms of ______ communication. A. hierarchical B. electronic C. formal D. nonverbal

D

Fiedler's ______ leadership model is determined by whether a leader's style is task-oriented or relationship-oriented and if that style is effective for the situation at hand. A. goal-setting B. transactional C. transformational D. contingency

D

Jackson sends a memo to his staff announcing a project review meeting to be held the next day. This is an example of ______ communication. A. grapevine B. informal C. external D. formal

D

Kyle, an American, is giving a presentation in the Middle East. The audience is not laughing at his jokes, and people are even scowling at some of his hand gestures. What is most likely causing these unexpected audience reactions? A. Faulty listening skills B. Lack of credibility C. Tendency to judge others' messages D. Cultural differences

D

Mycah complains to her boss about working overtime by saying, "I don't see why I have to finish this project tonight." Her boss responds, "Because I'm the boss and I say so, that's why." Mycah's boss is displaying ______ power. A. referent B. expert C. reward D. legitimate

D

Nanci needs to let Morgan know that the production line will be down until tomorrow and the items she needs to ship to the customer will not be ready on time. The information Nanci wants to share is called the ______. A. feedback B. noise C. cypher Dmessage

D

Natalie loves her work at the shoe production facility. She is inspired by the company because, for every pair of shoes someone buys, the company gives a pair of shoes to a child in need. What type of leadership is this company providing that empowers Natalie? A. Leading for progress B. Leading for self-determination C. Leading for competence D. Leading for meaningfulness

D

The human resource director told James that, in his role as product supervisor, he would get the best work out of his staff by employing a reward system for a job done well. The human resource director is focused on ______ leadership. A. educational B. narcissistic C. structure D. transactional

D

The transfer of information and understanding from one person to another is known as ______. A. knowledge B. data conversion C. verbal processing D. communication

D

The type of power that all managers have that results from their formal position within the organization is called ______ power. A. recency B. coercive C. contingent D. legitimate

D

Trina is the "go-to gal" when anyone in the office has problems with the computer system. She knows more about the system than anyone else, and no matter what the problem is, she can fix it. Trina has ______ power. A. reward B. referent C. legitimate D. expert

D

What technology has most profoundly changed the principles of management and the nature of how businesses operate? A. Security systems B. Photocopy machines C. Page-design software D. Online social media

D

When planning her company's annual sales meeting, Cynthia sets up a chat room months in advance and encourages people from each department to share their needs and concerns about the meeting. Armed with this information, Cynthia coordinates with key departmental team members to make sure they all work together to create a productive and effective sales meeting. This is an example of ______. A. accountability B. equilibrium C. groupthink D. collaboration

D

Which leadership approach focuses on providing increased service to others rather than to the leader? A. Charismatic B. Leader-member exchange C. Transactional D. Servant

D

Which of the following leadership behaviors is task-oriented and aimed at maximizing output? A. Servant leadership B. Consideration behavior leadership C. Transformational leadership D. Initiating-structure leadership

D

Within situational control, the extent to which a manager has or does not have the support, loyalty, and trust of the work group is known which of the following? A. Task orientation B. Task structure C. Position power D. Leader-member relations

D

Your belief in your ability to influence people who are unlike you in a global context is called a ______. A. conceptual skill B. dark triad C. coalition tactic D. global mind-set

D

______ communication typically involves hostility, anger, or passivity, whereas ______ communication is assertive and direct. A. Verbal; nonverbal B. Nondefensive; defensive C. Passive; aggressive D. Defensive; nondefensive

D

TRUE OR FALSE? Socialized power occurs when power is directed at helping oneself as a way of achieving one's own selfish ends.

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE? House's revised path-goal theory has been tested enough to verify its overall conclusions.

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE? Women executives score lower than men on producing high-quality work.

FALSE

Under Fiedler's model, the level of influence a leader has in his or her immediate work environment is called ________ control.

SITUATIONAL

TRUE/FALSE? According to the leader-member exchange model (LMX), a leader has different relationships with different subordinates. True false question.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE? Social intelligence refers to the ability to connect with others in a meaningful way and recognize and understand other people's feelings and thoughts.

TRUE