MHR FINAL (QUIZ QUESTIONS)

Departmentalization options include all of the following EXCEPT​ ________. A. Unity of command B. Geogrphic C. Service D. Functional E. Customer

A. Unity of command

The Hawthorne Studies focused on group behavior where productivity increased as a result of​________. A. leadership B. evironmental conditions C. group dynamics D. flexible benefits E. flextime

C. group dynamics

Faultlines could be a problem in​ ________ groups. A. small B. ​self-led C. large D. tightly organized E. diverse

E. diverse

Which of the following statements is true regarding an​ organization's culture? A. A dominant culture expresses the core values shared by a majority of the​organization's members. B. Organizational culture is evaluative rather than descriptive. C. Dominant cultures and subcultures rarely share any core values. D. A weak culture reduces employee turnover. E. Large organizations rarely have subcultures.

A. A dominant culture expresses the core values shared by a majority of the​organization's members.

Which of the following is NOT a transactional leadership​ trait? A. Intellectual stimulation B. ​Laissez-faire C. Management by exception​ (active) D. Contingent reward E. Management by exception​ (passive)

A. Intellectual stimulation

Which of the following most likely causes followers to engage in more organizational citizenship​ behaviors? A. Ingroup status B. Dependability C. High work ethic D. Trust E. Consistency

A. Ingroup status

Which of the following would LEAST likely help a U.S. manager exhibit cultural​ sensitivity? A. Being aware of​ one's actions B. Avoiding discussions of efficiency C. Considering​ others' backgrounds D. Considering​ others' perspectives E. Avoiding discussions of religion

B. Avoiding discussions of efficiency

Which one of the following acts as an informal communication link between two​ parties? A. Mediator B. Conciliator C. Arbitrator D. Negotiator E. Counselor

B. Conciliator

All of the following are characteristics of a servant leader EXCEPT​ ________. A. persuading B. setting reasonable goals C. accepting stewardship D. developing potential E. listening

B. setting reasonable goals

Entrenched culture falls under what type of cultural​ liability? A. Barriers to acquisition and merger B. Institutionalization C. Barriers to change D. Barriers to diversity E. Toxicity

C. Barriers to change

What type of team primarily relies on computers to connect physically dispersed members for the purpose of accomplishing a common​ goal? A. Functional B. ​Self-managed C. Virtual D. Problem solving E. ​Cross-functional

C. Virtual

Teams are a good fit in countries that score high in​ ________. A. feminism B. power distance C. collectivism D. individualism E. uncertainty avoidance

C. collectivism

Which of the following emotions can be beneficial for a negotiator to show to achieve​concessions? A. Anxiety B. Neutral emotion C. Happiness D. Anger E. Surprise

D. Anger

Team composition includes which of the​ following? A. Adequate resources B. Specific goals C. Conflict levels D. Social loafing E. Allocation of roles

E. Allocation of roles

According to the​ text, power is less likely to affect someone negatively if that person has what type of​ personality? A. Neurotic B. Judging C. Sympathetic D. Aggressive E. Anxious

E. Anxious

Why do virtual teams need to be managed differently than​ face-to-face teams? A. Because they are easier to manage. B. Because they have little trust. C. They should be managed the same. D. Because there is no accountability. E. Because they do not interact along traditional patterns.

E. Because they do not interact along traditional patterns.

Which theories of leadership imply that we can determine leadership effectiveness by leader​conduct, and perhaps train people to be​ leaders? A. Educational B. Situational C. Contingency D. Trait E. Behavioral

E. Behavioral

Which of the following is NOT an example of a workshop that can help build team​ players? A. Policy development B. Negotiation C. Problem solving D. Conflict management E. Communication

A. Policy development

Which of the following occurs when people within organizations use influence to distort the facts and gain support for their personal​ interests? A. Politicking B. ​Self-promotion C. Defensive behavior D. Impression management E. Group maneuvering

A. Politicking

Which of the following is a strength of a matrix​ structure? A. Reduces bureaupathologies B. Facilitates coordination in units C. Focuses on one product or service D. Reduces costs E. Fosters power​ struggles, which aid creativity

A. Reduces bureaupathologies

Leader-member exchange theory focuses on​ what? A. Relationships B. Raising follower readiness levels C. ​Goal-setting D. Situational considerations E. Exchanging rewards or goals of value between participants

A. Relationships

A structure within which many of the business functions are outsources would be considered a​________ structure. A. virtual B. bureaucratic C. mechanistic D. matrix E. organic

A. virtual

Sean has been researching the value of teams and has decided the concept of teams makes sense. He has a group of employees in his division who all perform within the curriculum area and have a number of projects that need to be completed. What might be the best type of team for these​ employees? A. ​Self-managed B. Problem solving C. Virtual D. ​Cross-functional E. Multiteam

A. ​Self-managed

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect that the size of the group has on the performance of the​ group? A. Compared to smaller​ groups, larger groups are better at fact finding. B. If the goal of the group is​ fact-finding, then smaller groups are more effective than larger groups. C. Larger groups are more productive than smaller groups. D. The size of the group does not affect the​ group's overall behavior. E. Evidence indicates that larger groups are faster at completing tasks than smaller ones.

A. Compared to smaller​ groups, larger groups are better at fact finding.

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the OCP​ framework? A. Innovation B. Core values C. Decisiveness D. Reward emphasis E. Team orientation

B. Core values

Which term refers to voluntary actions that defy major organizational norms and threaten the​organization's well-being? A. Groupshift B. Deviant behavior C. Groupthink D. Conformity E. Status seeking

B. Deviant behavior

According to the​ text, the food shortage in countries like Zimbabwe represents what force for​change? A. Nature of the workforce B. Economic shock C. Social trends D. Competition E. Technology

B. Economic shock

According to the​ text, which of the following is a result of authentic​ leadership? A. Motivation B. Faith in the leader C. Conscientiousness D. Empathy E. Task focus

B. Faith in the leader

Regina had just finished a situational leadership training course and was anxious to put her new knowledge to work as a manager. One of​ Regina's employees wanted to do a good​ job, but just​ didn't have the skills needed yet. What leadership focus would you recommend for​ Regina? A. Clear specific directions B. High task orientation C. Low relationship orientation D. Set penalties for not accomplishing the goals E. Participative leadership

B. High task orientation

Which one of the following would be considered a leadership neutralizer in a​ task-oriented leadership​ environment? A. Professionalism B. Indifference to rewards C. Highly structured tasks D. Cohesive work groups E. Explicit formalized goals

B. Indifference to rewards

In which bargaining strategy is the goal to create a​ win-win solution? A. Automated bargaining B. Integrative bargaining C. Collective bargaining D. Distributive bargaining E. Game theory bargaining

B. Integrative bargaining

What might be one of the outcomes of building trust between leaders and​ employees? A. Less need for information B. More taking of risks C. Less benevolence D. More goals to aim for E. Less need for groups

B. More taking of risks

Which term best describes what happens when two or more parties decide how to allocate scarce resources such as time or​ money? A. Unionization B. Negotiation C. Integration D. Organization E. Mediation

B. Negotiation

Conflict that focuses on how a task should be accomplished is commonly known as what type of​ conflict? A. Task B. Process C. Dysfunctional D. Functional E. Relationship

B. Process

What is the final step in​ Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing​ change? A. Create a sense of urgency. B. Reinforcing changes by showing the link between new behaviors and organizational success. C. Create a new vision to direct the change. D. Communicating the change vision throughout the organization. E. Consolidate​ improvements, reassess​ changes, and make necessary adjustments.

B. Reinforcing changes by showing the link between new behaviors and organizational success.

Charismatic leadership exhibits which of the following​ traits? A. Excellent​ goal-setting B. Risk taking C. Ability to multi task D. Average leadership abilities E. Dogmatic perspectives

B. Risk taking

Which of the following refers to expected behavior attributed to someone holding a particular position in a​ group? A. Conformity B. Role C. Deviant behavior D. Status E. Norm

B. Role

Which of the following is NOT a key element relating to team​ performance? A. A climate of trust B. Significant individual performance incentives C. A reward system that reflects team contributions D. Effective leadership E. Adequate resources

B. Significant individual performance incentives

Which force of change has primarily caused many firms to alter their product and marketing strategies to be more environmentally​ friendly? A. Legal requirements B. Social trends C. Demographic shifts D. Technological developments E. Financial trends

B. Social trends

In which stage of the conflict process do outcomes​ occur? A. Stage II B. Stage V C. Stage III D. Stage I E. Stage IV

B. Stage V

A sociogram is​ ________. A. a written communication B. a collection of social networks C. a formal organizational chart D. a text message E. posts on a social network

B. a collection of social networks

An example of an informal group would be​ ________. A. a strategic planning group B. a group of employees that regularly work out together C. a benefits planning group D. the employees in an accounting department E. a boy scout troop

B. a group of employees that regularly work out together

In terms of a​ unit's internal​ characteristics, dysfunctional conflict may result in​ ________. A. ​self-criticism B. a lack of new ideas C. new innovations D. debates between board members E. improved group function

B. a lack of new ideas

A change approach that closely mirrors the scientific approach would be​ ________. A. ​Lewin's three-step model B. action research C. ​Herzberg's two-factor model D. ​Kotter's eight-step model E. organizational development

B. action research

The mechanistic model of organizational design is synonymous with​ ________. A. organic models B. bureaucracies C. boundaryless organizations D. minimalist models E. procedural structures

B. bureaucracies

Top management has a major impact on the​ organization's culture by​ ________. A. making the best impression that they can during the encounter stage B. establishing norms that filter through the organization C. socializing all new employees D. hiring individuals who will maintain the culture E. determining the appropriate metamorphosis strategy for new hires

B. establishing norms that filter through the organization

As opposed to​ power, leadership requires​ ________. A. upward influence B. goal congruence C. dependence D. determination E. specific tactics to gain complianc

B. goal congruence

Organizations should be more organic when the environment is​ ________. A. high in​ complexity, high in​ scarcity, and less dynamic B. high in​ complexity, high in​ scarcity, and more dynamic C. low in​ complexity, high in​ scarcity, and less dynamic D. low in​ complexity, low in​ scarcity, and less dynamic E. high in​ complexity, low in​ scarcity, and more dynamic

B. high in​ complexity, high in​ scarcity, and more dynamic

Political behavior​ ________. A. is never good for an organization B. is outside of normal job requirements C. always needs to be curtailed D. does not use any of the power bases E. is more common in certain types of organizations

B. is outside of normal job requirements

Fiedler's contingency leadership model assumes that​ ________. A. followers inherently want to be led B. leadership style is essentially fixed C. leadership style must be​ task-oriented in order to be effective D. the leader has the ability to change their leadership style at will E. leadership style must be​ people-oriented in order to be effective

B. leadership style is essentially fixed

Two or more interdependent teams that share a superordinate goal are known as​ ________. A. ​cross-functional teams B. multiteam systems C. problem solving teams D. ​self-managed teams E. ​uni-functional teams

B. multiteam systems

Problem-solving teams are most likely to​ ________. A. assume responsibility for the outcomes of a solution they implement B. provide recommendations after a discussion among members C. take on numerous supervisory responsibilities D. select their own members and evaluate each​ other's performance E. implement their ideas unilaterally

B. provide recommendations after a discussion among members

A state of allostasis refers to​ ________. A. a process of finding resources B. shifting demands and resources C. a symbiotic relationship D. compatibility with homostasis E. a balanced equilibrium

B. shifting demands and resources

All of the following are organizational approaches to reducing stress EXCEPT​ ________. A. redesigning jobs B. social support networks C. employee involvement D. ​goal-setting E. selection and placement

B. social support networks

One of the dimensions discussed in the Fiedler Contingency Model is​ ________. A. situational issues B. task structure C. contingency plans D. ​goal-setting E. follower readiness

B. task structure

Which of the following is a contributing factor with regard to social​ loafing? A. Heavy workload B. Severe time constraints C. Work ethic D. Difficult task assignments E. Close monitoring of individual efforts by managers

C. Work ethic

Although people with power can behave in a​ self-serving manner, one study noted that this behavior diminished when​ ________ was introduced. A. effective communication B. an effective leader C. accountability D. situational consideration E. altruism

C. accountability

Which one of the big five traits has consistently been found to associate most with effective​leadership? A. judging B. neuroticism C. extraversion D. openness to experience E. perceiving

C. extraversion

The extensive use of work teams primarily benefits organizations by​ ________. A. generating neutral synergy among all employees of the team B. creating negative synergy through coordinated efforts C. generating a potential for creating greater outputs without increasing inputs. D. developing the various team​ members' skills such that they are random and varied E. eliminating the need for mutual accountability for results

C. generating a potential for creating greater outputs without increasing inputs.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a​ bureaucracy? A. Bureaucracies are characterized by a low degree of formalization. B. Bureaucracies require innovative​ low-level managers. C. Bureaucracies function well under situations of high uncertainty. D. Bureaucracies can get by with less talented​ middle- and​ lower-level managers. E. Bureaucracies tend to result in the duplication of people and equipment.

D. Bureaucracies can get by with less talented​ middle- and​ lower-level managers.

Which term refers to who individuals and groups​ report? A. Specialization B. Span of control C. Departmentalization D. Chain of command E. Formalization

D. Chain of command

Which source of power relies on a fear of potential negative outcomes from​ non-compliance? A. Reward power B. Expert power C. Referent power D. Coercive power E. Legitimate power

D. Coercive power

Which term refers to a process that begins when one party perceives that another party has or is about to negatively affect something the first party cares​ about? A. Dysfunction B. Incompatibility C. Collaboration D. Conflict E. Negotiation

D. Conflict

Which term refers to the extent to which a​ person's relationships in the workplace are characterized by mutual trust and​ respect? A. Initiating structure B. Organization orientation C. Production orientation D. Consideration E. Employee orientation

D. Consideration

What is the third step of​ Kotter's eight-step change​ model? A. Communicate the change vision throughout the organization. B. Create a sense of urgency. C. Communicating the change vision throughout the organization. D. Create a new vision to direct the change. E. Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change.

D. Create a new vision to direct the change.

Which of the following does NOT have an impact on the choice of an organic versus mechanistic structure being the best fit for an​ organization? A. Cost minimization B. Environment C. Organization size D. Executive experience E. Technology

D. Executive experience

In both work groups and work teams which of the following​ exists? A. Limited behavioral expectations B. Uncoordinated logistics C. An absence of group dynamics D. Generation of ideas E. An absence of decision making

D. Generation of ideas

A strong organizational culture does which of the​ following? A. Varies widely in opinions about the culture B. Lowers agreement within the organization C. Eliminates the need for widely shared values D. Increases loyalty E. Reduces cohesiveness

D. Increases loyalty

Stage III of the conflict process includes which of the​ following? A. Behavior B. Potential opposition C. Outcomes D. Intentions E. Cognition and personalization

D. Intentions

Which one of the following would be a psychological symptom of​ stress? A. Loss of productivity B. Poor appetite C. Increased heart rate D. Irritability E. Headaches

D. Irritability

Which of the following is true of the simple​ structure? A. It is expensive to operate. B. Accountability is often difficult to determine. C. It is characterized by low risk. D. It becomes increasingly inadequate as an organization grows. E. It is common in large businesses.

D. It becomes increasingly inadequate as an organization grows.

Which of the following is true of distributive​ bargaining? A. It is rarely used in labor negotiations. B. It focuses on​ long-term relationships. C. It involves high information sharing. D. It operates under​ zero-sum conditions. E. It attempts to create a​ win-win situation

D. It operates under​ zero-sum conditions.

The concepts of initiating structure and​ consideration, as they apply to leadership​ theory, originated from studies conducted at​ ________. A. Boston University B. Purdue University C. Harvard University D. Ohio State E. Stanford University

D. Ohio State

According to the​ text, in terms of​ cross-culture negotiation, which Big Five personality trait might be most​ important? A. Conscientiousness B. Agreeableness C. Extroversion D. Openness E. Neuroticism

D. Openness

Which of the following power tactics is generally least​ effective? A. Rational persuasion B. Inspirational appeal C. Personal appeal D. Pressure E. Consultation

D. Pressure

Of the​ following, which power tactic is most effective when an audience is highly invested in the result of a​ decision? A. Personal appeals B. Ingratiation C. Pressure D. Rational persuasion E. Coalitions

D. Rational persuasion

Which of the following power tactics involves using logic and facts to prove that a request is​ reasonable? A. Consultation B. Exchange C. Inspirational appeals D. Rational persuasion E. Personal appeals

D. Rational persuasion

Which type of power base generates compliance because of its positive​ benefits? A. Legitimate power B. Referent power C. Coercive power D. Reward power E. Expert power

D. Reward power

Which of the following is typically a characteristic of the mechanistic model of​ organization? A. Decentralized management B. Low specialization C. Low formalization D. Rigid departmentalization E. Low span of control

D. Rigid departmentalization

When does role conflict​ occur? A. When compliance with the group is an attempt to understand who we are and how we fit into the world B. When compliance with group member expectations is easy C. When agreement exists regarding every​ individual's roles D. When compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another E. When compliance with one role aids our performance in another role

D. When compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another

In​ bargaining, the area between the target point and the resistance point is known as the​________. A. ​mid-point B. zero sum C. range of distribution D. aspiration range E. optimal range

D. aspiration range

Nathan was recently assigned to lead a team at his company in Brazil. Given his​ location, Nathan's leadership style would need to be high in​ ________. A. performance orientation B. initiating structure C. task orientation D. consideration E. autocratic manner

D. consideration

All of the following are true about culture EXCEPT​ ________. A. culture acts as a social glue B. culture conveys a sense of identity C. culture helps employees make sense of the organization D. culture stems from middle management E. culture defines boundaries

D. culture stems from middle management

Role​ ________ is the way others believe you should act in a given context. A. clarity B. conflict C. reversal D. expectation E. perception

D. expectation

The punctuated equilibrium model addresses groups who​ ________. A. have limited opportunity for interaction B. have less than 4 members C. have more than 4 members D. have specific deadlines E. are task specific

D. have specific deadlines

Cultural factors that shape an​ organization's structure are known as​ ________. A. adaptors B. touchpoints C. matrix factors D. institutions E. force fields

D. institutions

If cohesiveness is high and performance norms are​ low, groups tend to have​ ________. A. inertia B. moderate productivity C. moderate to low productivity D. low productivity E. high productivity

D. low productivity

In a work​ team, ________. A. synergy is negative B. synergy is neutral C. accountability is individual D. skills are complimentary E. goals focus on shared information

D. skills are complimentary

In terms of an​ organization's culture, the size of executive offices and the types of cars top executives are given are examples of​ ________. A. stories B. corporate philosophy C. visual language D. symbols E. rituals

D. symbols

What personality trait appears to be associated with positive negotiation​ outcomes? A. Neuroticism B. Anxiety C. Introversion D. ​Self-efficacy E. Agreeableness

D. ​Self-efficacy

What type of team consists of groups of employees who perform highly related or interdependent jobs and take on many of the responsibilities of their former​ supervisors? A. ​Goal-oriented B. ​Problem-solving C. ​Cross-functional D. ​Self-managed work E. Virtual

D. ​Self-managed work

The team effectiveness model classifies the key components of effective teams into three general​ categories: context,​ composition, and process. Which of the following is an element of the composition​ category? A. Adequate leadership B. Team efficacy C. Climate of trust D. Abilities of members E. Specific models

D. Abilities of members

In a​ negotiation, which emotion exhibited by a counterpart might gain the negotiator additional​concessions? A. Disappointment B. Neuroticism C. Sadness D. Ambivalence E. Happiness

D. Ambivalence

One main benefit of a virtual structure is​ ________. A. the ability to be in flux B. increased political behavior C. that it is well suited to creative entrepreneurs D. that it breaks down geographical boundaries E. flexibility

E. flexibility

A strong organizational culture​ ________. A. limits stability B. creates competition problems C. has many subcultures D. has only minimal financial impact E. has widely shared values

E. has widely shared values

Creating team players includes all of the following EXCEPT​ ________. A. rewarding team behavior B. including purposeful team training C. training on cognitive aspects D. encouraging camaraderie E. hiring the most skilled workers

E. hiring the most skilled workers

When cohesiveness is low and performance norms are​ high, groups tend to have​ ________. A. low productivity B. inertia C. moderate to low productivity D. high productivity E. moderate productivity

E. moderate productivity

Workplace spirituality focuses on​ ________. A. religious ceremonies B. rituals C. rites D. theology E. nourishing the inner life of a person

E. nourishing the inner life of a person

A repetitive sequence of activities that helps to reinforce values within an organization is known as a​ ________. A. process B. coping strategy C. philosophy D. symbol E. ritual

E. ritual

Contingency theories focus on the​ ________ that impact leadership success. A. ethics and values B. follower variables C. elements of personality D. individual traits E. situational variables

E. situational variables

Personal investment in a​ group's accomplishments is also known as​ ________. A. group think B. group favoritism C. group roles D. punctuated equilibrium E. social identity theory

E. social identity theory

In the case of distributive​ bargaining, the​ ________ point represents the goal that a person is seeking to achieve from the negotiation. A. focal B. acceptance C. distribution D. resistance E. target

E. target

The team effectiveness model classifies the key components of effective teams into three general​ categories: context,​ composition, and process. Which of the following is an element of the process and states​ category? A. Conflict B. Adequate resources C. Diversity of members D. Allocation of roles E. Size of team

A. Conflict

In the punctuated equilibrium​ model, what action occurs immediately after the first meeting of the​ group, which sets the​ direction? A. Inertia and slower progress B. A second phase of inertia C. Accelerated activity D. Major changes E. A transition to the half way point

A. Inertia and slower progress

Who developed an​ eight-step model to manage organizational change that includes forming a coalition with enough power to lead a​ change? A. John Kotter B. David McClelland C. Kurt Lewin D. Douglas McGregor E. Abraham Maslow

A. John Kotter

Which one of the following focuses on reasoning and persuasion in a​ negotiation? A. Mediator B. Counselor C. Arbitrator D. Negotiator E. Conciliator

A. Mediator

Which of the following is an individual factor that impacts levels of political behavior in an​organization? A. Perceived job alternatives B. Declining resources C. Type B personality D. Opportunity for promotions E. Organizational downsizing

A. Perceived job alternatives

Which of the following actions most likely decreases employee motivation for risk taking and​innovation? A. Rewarding the lack of failure rather than the accomplishment of success B. Offering long management tenures C. Using an organic structure D. Encouraging experimentation E. Increasing interaction across department lines

A. Rewarding the lack of failure rather than the accomplishment of success

Which of the following is a key feature of servant​ leadership? A. Servant leaders focus on opportunities to help followers grow and develop. B. All cultures picture servant leaders in front of a​ group, giving orders to followers. C. Servant leaders use power to achieve ends. D. In servant​ leadership, the focus is on the​ leader's self-interests. E. Servant leadership is closely related to the trait of narcissism.

A. Servant leaders focus on opportunities to help followers grow and develop.

What might be a reason a firm would​ downsize? A. So they can focus on core competencies and changing customer preferences B. Flexibility C. To create structural matches D. Improved communication E. So that they can focus on profits

A. So they can focus on core competencies and changing customer preferences

Which structure removes vertical and horizontal​ boundaries? A. Team B. Virtual C. Departmental D. Matrix E. Circular

A. Team

Team process includes which of the​ following? A. Team efficacy B. Team diversity C. Adequate resources D. Climate of trust E. Abilities

A. Team efficacy

What is the primary focus of trait theories of​ leadership? A. The personal qualities and characteristics that lead to leader emergence and leader effectiveness. B. The decision processes of leaders. C. The qualities that give a leader greater power. D. The extent to which leaders influence followers. E. The relationship that leaders create with their followers.

A. The personal qualities and characteristics that lead to leader emergence and leader effectiveness.

Negative and dysfunctional values in a corporation fall under what type of cultural​ liability? A. Toxicity B. Barriers to diversity C. Barriers to change D. Institutionalization E. Spirituality

A. Toxicity

Which of the following is an individual factor that impacts levels of political behavior in an ​organization? A. Unclear performance evaluation system B. Reallocation of resources c D. Low trust E. Democratic decision making

A. Unclear performance evaluation system B. Reallocation of resources C. Organizational investment Your answer is correct. D. Low trust E. Democratic decision making

What does the least preferred coworker​ (LPC) questionnaire​ measure? A. Whether a person is​ task-oriented or​ relationship-oriented B. Levels of charisma C. ​Leader's ability to inspire followers to believe in them D. Team effort E. Follower willingness and readiness to be led

A. Whether a person is​ task-oriented or​ relationship-oriented

Which term refers to the extent to which tasks in an organization are subdivided into separate​jobs? A. Work specialization B. Formalization C. Departmentalization D. Span of control E. Centralization

A. Work specialization

You would use a group rather than an individual for a project when​ ________. A. accuracy is important B. creativity​ isn't necessary C. there is a need to conform D. deadlines are short E. speed is important

A. accuracy is important

Spotify uses a unique system of​ ________. A. agile matrices B. virtual structures C. circular structures D. team structures E. bureaucratic structures

A. agile matrices

The most effective way to build trust in a negotiation is to​ ________. A. behave honestly B. defend your position C. be forceful D. repeat the points E. bring in additional insight

A. behave honestly

Repeated negotiations can do all of the following EXCEPT​ ________. A. build distributive approaches B. move negotiations toward what is good for the whole C. build trust D. build integrative approaches E. offer an opportunity to return favors

A. build distributive approaches

One weakness of group decision making is​ ________. A. conformity pressures B. more complete information C. increased diversity of views D. increased participation E. greater solution acceptance

A. conformity pressures

A systematic effort to make an organization leaner and more flexible is best described as​________. A. downsizing B. restructuring C. value processing D. core analysis E. mechanisti

A. downsizing

Loci of conflict includes intragroup​ conflict, intergroup​ conflict, and​ ________ conflict. A. dyadic B. task C. complicating D. relationship E. process

A. dyadic

A structure that groups specialties or tasks would be referred to as a​ ________ structure. A. functional B. divisional C. simple D. bureaucratic E. matrix

A. functional

In a​ group, ________ occurs when individuals are pressured to conform to the group​ desires, thus squashing critical or differing perspectives. A. groupthink B. group polarization C. group norming D. brainstorming E. groupshift

A. groupthink

​Solomon's company had been working to change suppliers for quite some time because the​supplier's rates just kept going up and up. The problem was that the specific parts he needed to make the product were carried by very few suppliers and no other part could be used instead to finish the product. The​ supplier's power over​ Solomon's company is based on​________. A. nonsubstitutability B. supplier hostage C. initiating structure D. importance of the good E. scarcity

A. nonsubstitutability

All of the following are potential negative impacts of work overspecialization EXCEPT​________. A. poor communication B. poor quality C. fatigue D. stress E. boredom

A. poor communication

In a​ workgroup, ________. A. skills are random and varied B. accountability is mutual C. goals are collective D. synergy is positive E. synergy is negative

A. skills are random and varied

Idea champions display characteristics included in​ ________ leadership. A. transformational B. ​laissez-faire C. transactional D. autocratic E. management by objectives

A. transformational

Creating effective teams involves​ ________. A. hiring people with the potential to fit in B. hiring from within C. hiring within a specified payscale D. hiring the best talent no matter what E. hiring those willing to work hard

A. hiring people with the potential to fit in

The general dependence postulate argues that​ ____________________. A. power is a function of dependence and need B. the greater​ B's dependence on​ A, the more power A has over B C. the greater​ A's dependence on​ B, the more power A has over B D. the greater​ A's dependence on​ B, the less power B has. E. the greater​ B's independence, the more power A has over B

B. the greater​ B's dependence on​ A, the more power A has over B

What type of team is made up of employees from about the same hierarchical level but different work areas who come together to accomplish a​ task? A. ​Goal-oriented B. ​Cross-functional C. Problem solving D. ​Self-managed E. Virtual

B. ​Cross-functional

Which force for change would be represented by the​ COVID-19 global​ pandemic? A. Social trends B. World politics C. Nature of the workforce D. Competition E. Technology

B. World politics

What might be a drawback of a narrow span of​ control? A. The organization increases flexibility. B. The organization saves money. C. Communication is more complex. D. The organization speeds up decision making. E. The organization is more efficient.

C. Communication is more complex.

When it comes to leaders in top management​ teams, which personality trait was found to associate with effectiveness in terms of driving organizational​ performance? A. Openness to experience B. Perception C. Conscientiousness D. Neuroticism E. Extraversion

C. Conscientiousness

Which source of power stems from having unique skills or​ knowledge? A. Reward power B. Coercive power C. Expert power D. Referent power E. Legitimate power

C. Expert power

Which of the following refers to the extent that leaders are likely to define their roles and those of their subordinates when striving to attain​ goals? A. Employee orientation B. Production orientation C. Initiating structure D. Goal orientation E. Consideration

C. Initiating structure

Which of the following is true of a narrow span of​ control? A. Narrow spans are more efficient in terms of costs. B. Employee performance suffers. C. It is expensive because it creates more layers of management. D. It speeds decision making. E. Horizontal communication is more complex.

C. It is expensive because it creates more layers of management.

​Anita, a top manager at​ Z-Tech, has the formal authority to control and use​ Z-Tech resources because of her hierarchical position at the firm. Given this​ information, what type of power does Anita most likely​ have? A. Referent power B. Reward power C. Legitimate power D. Coercive power E. Expert power

C. Legitimate power

The simple structure organizational design features which of the​ following? A. High level of work specialization B. Narrow spans of control C. Little formalization D. High degree of departmentalization E. Decentralized authority

C. Little formalization

Employees exhibiting a​ ________ are more likely to engage in political behavior. A. narcissistic tendency B. low need for power C. Machiavellian personality D. Type A personality E. low need for achievement

C. Machiavellian personality

Which of the following types of organizational designs combines two forms of​departmentalization, functional and​ product? A. Virtual structure B. Boundaryless structure C. Matrix structure D. Simple structure E. Bureaucracy

C. Matrix structure

Which of the following is a senior employee who sponsors and supports a​ less-experienced employee? A. Protégé B. Intern C. Mentor D. Confidant E. Apprentice

C. Mentor

Which term refers to the thoughts that employees have about the work environment within the​organization? A. Institutionalization B. Organizational development C. Organizational climate D. Corporate culture E. Organizational culture

C. Organizational climate

Which type of resistance to change is easiest for management to​ address? A. Overt and implicit B. Implicit and deferred C. Overt and immediate D. Overt and deferred E. Implicit and immediate

C. Overt and immediate

Which term refers to the ability to influence others for the purpose of enhancing your own​ objectives? A. Cultural skill B. Defensive behavior C. Political skill D. Manipulative skill E. Impression management

C. Political skill

Stage I of the conflict process includes which of the​ following? A. Cognition and personalization B. Behavior C. Potential opposition D. Intentions E. Outcomes

C. Potential opposition

The worldview of ethical business that endorses the supremacy of anonymous market forces focuses on valuing​ what? A. Familiar relationships B. Social relationships C. Profit maximization D. Rigid hiring practices E. Social environment

C. Profit maximization

Which of the following does NOT foster a more ethical​ culture? A. Rewarding ethical behavior B. Communicating expectations C. Promoting those with the highest sales D. Providing ethics training E. Being a visible role model

C. Promoting those with the highest sales

A positive culture does which of the​ following? A. Emphasizes getting rid of dead wood within the organization B. Limits outside activities to keep everyone focused C. Rewards more than punishes D. Requires a spiritual culture E. Sees the position as a job that needs to be done

C. Rewards more than punishes

Which of the following is primarily an individual source of resistance to​ change? A. Group inertia B. Limited focus of change C. Security D. Structural inertia E. Threat to group expertise

C. Security

Which force for change relates to how consumers want more personalized​ experiences? A. Nature of the workforce B. Economic shocks C. Social trends D. Competition E. World politics

C. Social trends

In order to help sustain​ culture, which of the following is particularly​ important? A. Laws B. Rules C. Socializationmethods D. Process improvement E. Termination processes

C. Socializationmethods

In which stage of the conflict process do personal variables factor​ in? A. Stage IV B. Stage II C. Stage I D. Stage V E. Stage III

C. Stage I

Which method of learning about an​ organization's culture typically includes narratives about reactions to past​ mistakes, reductions in​ workforce, and organizational​ coping? A. Formal training B. Rituals C. Stories D. Symbols E. Language

C. Stories

What is the original source of culture in an​ organization? A. The board of directors B. The culture of the local community C. The founders D. The environment E. The executive team

C. The founders

Role perception is best defined as​ ________. A. a discrepancy between how you think you are supposed to act and how others believe you should act B. a person becoming aware of the significance of other group members C. our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation D. the way others believe we should act in a given context E. acceptable standards of behavior shared by group members

C. our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation

Stage V of the conflict process primarily includes​ ________. A. cognition and personalization B. behavior C. outcomes D. intentions E. potential opposition

C. outcomes

Power which has been turned into action by someone is described as​ ________. A. unproductive B. less likely to create issues C. politics D. dangerous E. harassment

C. politics

An extended voluntary leave is also known as a​ ________ A. sick leave accumulation B. vacation C. sabbatical D. wellness program E. time accrual

C. sabbatical

What is one impact of status on​ norms? A. ​High-status individuals are expected to stick to norms more than other group members. B. ​Low-status individuals are often given more freedom to deviate from norms than are other group members. C. ​High-status individuals may receive more freedom than other group members to deviate from norms. D. Status and norms are unrelated. E. Those in a minority status tend to be held less to the norms of the overall group.

C. ​High-status individuals may receive more freedom than other group members to deviate from norms.

In terms of a​ unit's internal​ characteristics, functional conflict is typically characterized by​________. A. harmony B. resistance to change C. ​self-criticism D. chaos E. apathy

C. ​self-criticism

Which of the following is​ true? A. Organizational culture is an evaluative rather than descriptive term B. Organizational culture never changes C. Organizational culture is a descriptive rather than evaluative term D. Organizational culture s always changing E. Organizational culture is always driven by geographc location

C. Organizational culture is a descriptive rather than evaluative term

According to the​ text, one study noted that those who start with low status and then gain power​ ________. A. work harder to achieve power B. are less likely to abuse power C. are more likely to abuse power D. deal more effectively with power E. gain power faster than those of a higher status

C. are more likely to abuse power

In​ negotiation, BATNA is​ ________. A. the best alternative to a negative arrangment B. the bottom agreeable in a negotiated agreement C. the bottom acceptable threshold in a negotiated agreement D. the best alternative to a negotiated agreement E. the best alternative to a negotiated arrangement

D. the best alternative to a negotiated agreement

According to the​ text, an employee who has low identification with their organization may experience​ ________. A. limited feedback B. limited opportunities C. higher OCB D. social identity crisis E. decreased satisfaction

E. decreased satisfaction

Which term refers to individuals who tailor change to fit the preferences of organizational members in an attempt to reduce​ resistance? A. Early adopter B. Innovation manager C. Change process consultant D. Late mover E. Change agent

E. Change agent

A structure within which​ executives, managers,​ specialists, and workers are broken out is commonly known as what type of​ structure? A. Functional B. Departmental C. Matrix D. Virtual E. Circular

E. Circular

Which power tactic relies on the support of others to persuade an individual to​ comply? A. Ingratiation B. Personal appeal C. Exchange D. Pressure E. Coalition

E. Coalition

The Asch studies concentrated on what concept about​ norms? A. Reference groups B. Group calibration C. Emotions D. Socialization outside of work E. Conformity

E. Conformity

As opposed to​ leadership, power requires​ ________. A. goal congruence B. goal compatibility C. downward influence D. communication E. dependence

E. dependence

Which of the following statements is true regarding the establishment of the organizational culture and its effects on the​ organization? A. In a virtual​ organization, a strong culture can be established quickly and easily. B. The trend toward decentralized organizations makes it is easier to establish a strong culture. C. Strong cultures reduce the stability of the social system in an organization. D. Employees organized in teams always show greater allegiance to the values of the organization as a whole than to their team and its values. E. Culture acts as a control mechanism and guides the behavior of employees.

E. Culture acts as a control mechanism and guides the behavior of employees.

Which of the following is the second step in the negotiation​ process? A. Preparing and planning B. Clarifying and justifying C. Bargaining and problem solving D. Creating closure E. Defining ground rules

E. Defining ground rules

Which one of the following is a benefit to group decision​ making? A. Minimal need for buy in B. Saving time C. Similar backgrounds D. Less extensive analysis E. Depth of input

E. Depth of input

Which one of these is NOT a test to see if work is better done in a​ team? A. Are the group members​ interdependent? B. Does the work create a common​ purpose? C. Does the project benefit from collective​ responsibility? D. Can the work be done better by more than one​ person? E. Is a team more expensive than having an individual do​ it?

E. Is a team more expensive than having an individual do​ it?

What is the primary reason that a climate of trust is important to team​ success? A. It fosters coalitions among members. B. It enables performance to be measured. C. It prevents members from taking risks. D. It stalls cooperation among members. E. It reduces conflict during leadership shifts.

E. It reduces conflict during leadership shifts

Who developed a​ three-step model to manage organizational change that includes​unfreezing, movement, and​ refreezing? A. Fred Fiedler B. Abraham Maslow C. John Kotter D. Douglas McGregor E. Kurt Lewin

E. Kurt Lewin

In what type of organization do subcultures tend to​ develop? A. New organizations B. Small organizations C. Organizations with a lot of millennial workers D. Organizations with weak cultures E. Large organizations

E. Large organizations

Which of the following power tactics is being used when a manager indicates that a request corresponds with a corporate policy or​ rule? A. Inspirational appeals B. Exchange C. Consultation D. Rational persuasion E. Legitimacy

E. Legitimacy

Which leadership approach would be considered the most passive and ineffective in the full range of leadership​ model? A. Contingent reward B. Individualized consideration C. Inspirational motivation D. Idealized influence E. Management by exception

E. Management by exception

Which of the following represents the acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the​ group's members? A. Roles B. Status C. Conflicts D. Goals E. Norms

E. Norms

Pressures placed on a person based on a position within the organization would be what kind of demand​ factor? A. Allostatic B. Homeostatic C. Task D. Interpersonal E. Role

E. Role

Raul is developing a team at work and wants to ensure that the team is as effective as possible. Which one of the following should Raul NOT worry about​ considering? A. Selecting those with good communication skills. B. Selecting those with good puzzle skills. C. Selecting those with good negotiation skills. D. Rewarding team performance. E. Selecting those with the desire to move up in the company.

E. Selecting those with the desire to move up in the company.

Which one of the following would NOT be an individual difference that impacts how someone deals with​ stress? A. Social support B. Personality traits C. Perception D. Job experience E. Sexual harassment

E. Sexual harassment

Which of the following is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than​ alone? A. Social slacking B. Group slacking C. Group loafing D. Social laziness E. Social loafing

E. Social loafing

Helen is trying to decide whether she should simply have one of her assistant managers do a project or whether the project would be better suited to a team. Which one of the following would guide her to choosing a​ team? A. There is little interdependence required. B. The work is not complex. C. That there is a clear single purpose. D. The project needs to be completed fairly quickly. E. There is a need for different perspectives.

E. There is a need for different perspectives.

What principle focuses on having just one​ supervisor? A. Formalization B. Authority C. Departmentalization D. Chain of command E. Unity of command

E. Unity of command

In the punctuated equilibrium group development​ model, at what point does a transition take​place? A. When most of the time is gone B. Close to the beginning of the project C. During phase 2 D. During phase 1 E. When exactly half the time is gone

E. When exactly half the time is gone

In what situation can culture be a​ liability? A. When the environment is static B. When management within the organization has little experience C. When the organization is centralized D. When communication within the oganization is efficient E. When the shared values​ don't agree with those that further the​ organization's effectiveness

E. When the shared values​ don't agree with those that further the​ organization's effectiveness

According to​ research, all of the following traits are most likely associated with effective leadership EXCEPT high levels of​ ________. A. creativity B. openness to experience C. conscientiousness D. flexibility E. boldness

E. boldness

A stressor associated with time urgency is also known as a​ ___ A. hindrance stressor B. personal stressor C. workplace stressor D. responsibility stressor E. challenge stressor

E. challenge stressor

Kotter listed a number of mistakes that managers make during the change process including​________. A. failing to have the proper milestones B. failing to unfreeze C. failing to refreeze D. creating a sense of urgency E. claiming victory too soon

E. claiming victory too soon

Pauline remembered when she first started at her current company 8 years ago. When she first​ came, she heard about how the CEO had taken​ everyone's family to a local park for a picnic and the many times when parents had been able to go home to take care of sick children. Ever​ since, Pauline has valued the​ family-friendly environment of her employer and had stuck with the company in large part because of this philosophy. This is an example of how culture is​ ________. A. processed B. broken down C. categorized D. changed E. transmitted

E. transmitted

According to the​ text, how much money did a wellness program save Johnson​ & Johnson over 10​ years? A. ​$500,000 B. ​$25 million C. ​$1.2 million D. ​$2.5 million E. ​$250 million

E. ​$250 million

​Overall, what percentage of women worldwide claimed they have been sexually​ harassed? A. ​17.5% B. ​93% C. ​54% D. ​25% E. ​35%

E. ​35%

According to one​ survey, what percentage of our stress is caused by the​ workplace? A. ​90% B. ​36% C. ​28% D. ​42% E. ​61%

E. ​61%

Which of the following is NOT an example of a current change that organizations have to adapt​ to? A. Economic issues B. Shifting social trends C. Global competition D. Technology developments E. . Decreased organizational diversity

E. . Decreased organizational diversity

The team effectiveness model classifies the key components of effective teams into three general​ categories: context,​ composition, and process. Which of the following is an element of the context​ category? A. Size of team B. Specific models C. Team efficacy D. Abilities of members E. Climate

E. Climate

What is the explicit goal of the selection​ process? A. To identify and hire individuals who will have a long tenure with the organization B. To find as many candidates for a position as possible C. To ensure that job candidates are honest in resumes and interviews D. To find candidates who get along persoanlly with exisiting organization members E. To identify and hire individuals who will perform successfully

E. To identify and hire individuals who will perform successfully