Micro ch 9 extended
Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes because eukaryotic have
All choices are correct Chromosomes in a nucleus Histone protein Several to many chromosomes Elongated linear chromosomes
A screening system called the _____ test is used for detecting chemicals with carcinogenic potential.
Ames
Group of 3 consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one
Amino acid
The process of _________always results in the same genes being transferred between bacteria
Conjugation
Choose all of the statements that are true about the potential impact of missense mutation
Create nonfunctional proteins Produce proteins with altered function Have no impact on protein function
Choose all the statements that are true about the potential impact of missense mutations
Create nonfunctional proteins Produce proteins with altered function Have no impact on protein function
The process of natural transformation was first discovered with experiments involving the gram positive bacterium streptococcus pneumonia. Which of the following statements is true about transformation of S. Pneumoniae?
DNA fragments must bind to cell surface receptors prior to uptake Transformation can be used to produce genetically engineered organisms
Which of the following statements is true?
DNA fragments must bind to cell surface receptors prior to uptake Transformation can be used to produce genetically engineered organisms
The enzyme that helps pack DNA into the cell by coiling the DNA into a tight bundle is: DNA gyrase DNA polymerase Primase DNA ligase DNA helicase
DNA gyrase
Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by
DNA ligase
Select all the characteristics of DNA
Deoxyribose sugar Ribose sugar Phosphate group Nitrogenous bases Ionic bonds
DNA replication proceeds in one direction around the bacterial chromosome
False
One reason mutations are so problematic is that bacterial cells have ability to repair a mutation once it had occurred
False
One reason mutations are so problematic is that bacterial cells have no ability to repair a mutation once it had occurred
False
Transformation is a mode of genetic recombination in which a plasmid is transferred from a donor cell to a recipient cell via a direct connect
False
Viruses require host transcription machinery because they do not have their own RNA polymerase
False
Replication of DNA begins at a
adenine-thymine rich area
Which of the following is not true of transposons?
are always part of plasmids
Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?
initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan
A sequence of bases within a gene that will be transcribed, but removed from the transcript prior to translation is a/an
intron
The lactose repressor
is inactivated by binding lactose
The DNA of microorganisms is made up of subunits called
nucleotides
Each nucleotide consists of
one sugar, one phosphate group, one nitrogenous base
The duplication of a cell's DNA is called
replication
The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the
replication fork
Which of the following additions have been made to principles of the central dogma of biology?
rna can be used to regulate the gene function
DNA gyrase
supercoils DNA
The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are called
transfer RNA
Genes that jump from one location to another in the genome are
transposons
Split genes
use spliceosomes to excise introns and then join exons
What is incorrect about inducible operons?
Have genes turned off by a build up of end product
Which cell can transfer the most DNA?
Hfr cell
When one bacterial donates DNA to another bacterium a type of genetic recombination known as ___________________ has occurred
Horizontal gene transfer
Base pairs in DNA are held together by _____ bonds.
Hydrogen
Base pairs in DNA are held together by __________ bonds
Hydrogen
Riboswitches are a type of __________ RNA in bacteria that can start or stop a step in gene expression
Messenger
A mutation that changed a normal codon to a stop codon is called a
Nonsense mutation
Viruses that lead to the transformation of the host cell into a cancer cell are described as being
Oncogenic
The expression of genetic traits is the
Phenotype
Gene regulation can involve a protein depressor that blocks _______________ from imitating transcription
RNA polymerase
Mutant bacteria may be detected by utilizing
Selective media Replica playing Differential media
What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for?
Silent
The analysis of the nitrogenous bases of the nucleus acid of a newly discovered virus showed 20% adenine, 40% guanine, 10% thymine and 30% cytosine. The viral nucleus acid is most likely
Single stranded dna
The development of virulent toxin producing bacterial strains due to the presence of a temperate phage cancer occur in
Specialized transduction
Which of the following is not true of an organism genotypes?
The genotyoe includes the expressed traits governed by the genes
Which of the following is not a nitrogen base found in DNA?
Uracil
Bacterial conjugation involves
a donor cell that transfers a copy of a plasmid to a recipient cell through a pilus.
DNA polymerase can only add new nucleotides to the old 3' DNA end
True
Repressible portions are normally turned on in the cell
True
Repressible operons require that ________________ bind to the repressive protein before it can bind to the operator
The product
The following pertain to ribosomes during protein synthesis except
They contain codons within their rRNA molecules
In Griffiths experiment with streptococcus pneumoniae
Transformation
Riboswitches exert effects on _________ whereas repressive and is curts exert effects on
Translation; transcription
The 3 base sequence on DNA that codes for an amino acid is called a
Triplet
A mutation that changes a single nucleotide can result in a different amino acid being added into a protein
True
DNA is the blue print that indicates what kinds of proteins to make and how to make them
True
