Microbiology-Actinomycetes
What bacterium causes actinomycosis?
Actinomyces israelii
This bacterium causes dental caries, gingivitis and peridontitis
Actinomyces viscosus
This bacterium causes cat-scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
Name 3 symptoms of actinomycosis
Cervicofacial, jaw and lung abscesses, sinus tracts and inflammation from IUDs
This symptom occurs in cat-scratch disease
Chronic lymph node swelling
What aspect of actinomycetes is fungus-like?
Difficulty of treating infections
This bacterium displays "corrosive" growth on agar
Eikenella corrodens
This bacterium is present in the human mouth and spreads by direct contact
Eikenella corrodens
T/F: Actinomyces israelii is acid-fast
F
T/F: Actinomycetomas are surface lesions on the skin
F (deep tissue sinus tract extensions)
What is the most major risk factor for nocardiosis?
Immunocompromise (also steroid use and bacterial inhalation/entry through damaged tissue)
This bacterium is ubiquitous in water, rubber, pipes and plastics
Legionella pneumophila
How is cat-scratch disease diagnosed?
Microscopic viewing of tissue sections
This bacterium causes nocardiosis
Nocardia asteroides
What 3 symptoms occur in nocardiosis?
Nodular abscesses, sinus tracts and actinomycetomas
What two characteristics cause actinomycetes to be characterized as "more bacterial than fungal"?
Penicillin-susceptible and prokaryotic cell wall
How is actinomycosis diagnosed?
"Sulfur" granules in pus and immunofluorescence
These 3 methods are used to diagnose Legionella infections
Sputum culture, direct fluorescent antibody test and radioimmunoassay
What actinomycete is a major source of antibiotics for topical antibiotic creams?
Streptomyces
How is nocardiosis treated?
Surgical debridement and cotrimazole or sulfadiazene
How is actinomycosis treated?
Surgical debridement and penicillin G or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
T/F: Actinomycetes are filamentous soil bacteria
T
T/F: Recovery from systemic nocardiosis is poor
T
Name 4 symptoms of an infected human bite wound
Sinusitis, brain abscess, pneumonia and endocarditis
