Microbiology Chapter 1, 3, 4 Assignment Questions

The scientist who built the first simple microscopes was:

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Microbes are found everywhere on the planet except in the deeper layers of the earth's crust, which are largely considered to be sterile.

False

The Theory of Evolution is not widely accepted among scientists because it still remains unproven

False

The outer membrane contributes an extra barrier in gram-positive bacteria that makes them impervious to some antimicrobial chemicals, so they are generally more difficult to inhibit or kill than are gram-negative bacteria.

False

The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called

decomposers

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?

definitive host

Adulthood and mating of helminths occurs in the

definitive host

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

is found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called

sex pili

Macromolecules are important for life because

some can be used for energy and replacement of important molecules and some can be used for enzymes and genetic information

All of the following are helminths except

trypanosomes

Using slide 72 and 73 of lecture 1, which of the following is true? Select all that apply.

*Bacteria and Archaea are more closely related compared to Eukaryota. *Domain Eukaryote is different from domain Archaea. *Analyzing RNA sequences can be used to put organisms into domains. *Bacteria and Archaea evolved almost the same time.

Based on slides 13-14 of the lecture 1 presentation which of the following is correct? Multiple answers may be chosen

*Bacteria contributes to an anoxygenic photosynthesis. *Microbes contributed to the overall content of the soil and water. *Microbes are important for human life on earth.

Slides 7-11 gives information on which of the following?

*Bacterial shapes and arrangement *Some differences between the arrangement in cocci bacteria and bacilli bacteria

Which of the following according to slides 3-5 is false? Select all that apply

*Bacterias have several chromosomes, cytoplasm and ribosomes just like eukaryotes *Eukaryotic cells have histones but not bacteria. *Glycocalyx is an internal structure found in some bacteria

Use slide 16-20 to answers the following question. Multiple answers may be selected. Which of the following make use of microbes?

*Bioremediation *Genetic engineering

Select all the statement below pertaining to fungi

*Can be found as unicellular, colonies or multicellular *heterotrophic and saprobic *According to slide 42 sporangiospores and conidiospores are sexual spores

Which of the following is associated with proteins? Select multiple answers.

*Heat, alcohol and acid can denature proteins *They are made up of amino acids so therefore have amino groups and carboxylic functional groups *Enzymes are proteins but they cannot be denatured. ??

The structure depicted on slide 15 is part of which of the following? Multiple answers may be selected.

*peritrichous, monotrichous, lophotrichous and amphitricous arrangements *flagella

Which of the following, based on slides 46-54 is FALSE?

*plasmids contain mostly essential DNA pieces conferring protective traits. *C.diff, B anthraces and S, aureus produce endospores.

Which of the following do members of the domain Bacteria and Archaea both possess?

70S ribosomes

which of the following is the correct names for each of the arrangement given?

A)Monotrichous b) lophotricous c) amphitrichous d) peritrichous

In figure which diagram of a cell wall is a gram negative cell wall?

A. thinner wall layer

NCLEX Prep: Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and the answer questions: Breonna Jones is 16 years old, 5'4", and weighs 93lb. She was admitted 2 days ago after collapsing at the local high school. Her parents knew she was skinny but had no idea how emancipated she was, or that her life was in danger. As you develop Breonna's plan of care, you take into consideration the four major biological molecules that are building blocks of all cells. You inform the patient that it is important for her to maintain a diet rich in carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, so that each of these macromolecules can be metabolized to form a high-energy compound called

ATP

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of

All the choices are correct

Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right)

family, genus, species

Which of the following are the domains of the Woese-Fox system of taxonomy

Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya

Select the false statement

Both bacteria and eukaryotes have histones

Which of the following is not considered a microbe?

C. Mushroom

From which sources can fungi derive nutrients?

Dead plant and animals

Which of the following structures are possessed by some, but not all, prokaryotes?

Flagella

Which of the following bacterial appendages is not used for attachment?

Flagellum

You identify a bacterium ad gram-negative using the Gram stain method. In Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, this bacterium belongs to.......

Gracilicutes

teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid are properties of

Gram positive bacteria

Which of the following is incorrect concerning the theory of evolution?

It is just a theory and therefore experiments cannot be designed to support it.

Which of the following is not true about gram-positive cell wall?

It protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Its DNA wrapped around histones.

Which of the following terms best describes the cell in Figure

Lophotrichous flagella

Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms?

Manufacturing copper wire

Which of the following organelles is responsible for energy production in the cell?

Mitochondria

Which of the following is (are) examples of nontypical bacteria?

Mycobacterium and other acid-fast bacteria

Where in a bacterial cell would you find the genetic material?

Nucleolus

Which of the following is the correct order of the phrases of fungi sexual reproduction?

Plasmogamy- karyogamy- meiosis

Place the organisms below in order from largest to smallest

Protozoan, Virus, Bacterium, Helminth

Which scientific name is written correctly?

Staphylococcus aureus

Diseases such as heart disease, gastric ulcers, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis have a microbial cause

True

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that

a specifice microbe is the cause of a specific disease

The__________stain is used to stain and differentiate Mycobacterium and Nocardia from other bacteria.

acid-fast

Protozoan cysts

ar helpful in surviving unfavorable conditions

Some bacterias may have multiple shapes depending on environmental conditions. This phenomenon is know as

pleomorphism

Which of the following will have a formula (CH2O)?

carbohydrates

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

chloroplast

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear asa visible network of dark fibers called the

chromatin

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except

cilia

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

dimorphic

The nuclear envelope is a single layer

false

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called

genetic engineering

Lysozyme is most effective against

gram-positive organisms

The purine_______ always binds with the pyrimidine _______ in DNA and RNA

guanine, cytosine

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

helminths

The long, threadlike branching cells of molds are called

hyphae

Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?

kingdom

Which organelle contains where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

mitochondria

Filamentous fungi are called

molds

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae the make up the body of a mold is a(n)

mycelium

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycelia acid in the cell wall is

mycobacterium

NCLEX Prep Test Bank Question: Wanda is a medical assistant and the newest employee of your healthcare team. You notice that she does not wash her hands in between patients. From your microbiology background, you understand that microbes are not visible with the naked eye. As the only nurse in your small medical office, you take it upon yourself to educate Wanda on the importance of aseptic techniques. Viruses may also be carries from patient to patient transmitting diseases even though they differ from bacteria in that the are

noncellular proteins

Cell membranes are composed of:

phospholipids

Cilia are structure for motility found primarily in:

protozoa

Cell walls are not found in

protozoa`

Concerning endospores

they are for resistance rather than reproduction

Microbes are described as being ubiquitous because

they are found almost everywhere on earth

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the

trophozoite