Microbiology Chapter 14 DSM

Which of the following diseases has seen the strongest surge in the number of cases in the U.S. due to decreasing vaccination rates?

Measles

The 2014 outbreak of Ebola spurred the development of a new vaccine for this disease. The newly designed vaccines were ________.

recombinant vector vaccines

Which of the following definitions correctly describes the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

A gene-editing tool that locates a specific DNA sequence and cuts it out so that a new sequence can be inserted.

You would like to determine the blood type of your patient via an agglutination test. You add three drops of the patient's blood sample to a glass slide and add either anti-A, anti-B, or anti-Rh sera to each drop. You observe agglutination reactions in the samples to which you added the anti-A and anti-B sera. What is the blood type of your patient?

AB-

You add 100 copies of a target gene to a thermocycler and set it to run through 30 cycles. How many copies can you expect once the procedure is finished?

About 1x1011

What is an adjuvant?

Adjuvants are pharmacological additives that enhance the body's natural immune response to an antigen.

Which of the following restriction enzymes would recognize and cut the following DNA sequence? -TGGATCCA- -ACCTAGGT-

BamHI GATC CTAG

You are working in a pediatric doctor's office and your 5-year-old patient needs his 5th dose of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine. Which of the following vaccines would you need to administer?

DTaP

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Vaccines cause autism.

For which of the following diseases is no vaccine available?

Hepatitis C

Why are immunological diagnostic tools a better choice than biochemical tools in identifying a variety of cellular as well as viral pathogens?

Immunologic diagnositics can identify noncellular pathogens like viruses that lack their own biochemical processes.

You are programming a thermocycler and are setting temperature of the second step in your protocol to 62°C. What is happening during this step?

It allows the primers to anneal.

Genome maps reveal valuable information about an organism. Which of the following would it not be helpful with?

It is not a useful tool for investigating differences between healthy cells and diseased ones, such as cancer cells.

___________ contain pathogens that have been altered so that they do not cause disease (are not pathogenic), but are still infectious.

Live attenuated vaccines

Which technique would prove that a patient was exposed to a certain virus even if it is no longer in their system?

Plaque reduction neutralization test

Which special type of PCR would be used to detect RNA in a sample?

RT-PCR

Which of the following is not a subunit vaccine?

Recombinant vector vaccine

Which of the following vaccines is administered orally?

Rotavirus vaccine

Which of the following diseases was eradicated after a successful vaccination program?

Smallpox

What is a drawback of live attenuated vaccines?

The agents present in this type of vaccine could cause disease in an immune-compromised host.

Which of the following is a correct statement about herd immunity?

The percentage of a population that must be vaccinated for herd immunity to be effective varies based on the pathogen.

Which of the following statements is incorrect about interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) used to detect TB in vaccinated populations (vaccinated with BCG vaccine)?

The test is very sensitive and can determine if a patient with a positive IGRA has an active versus latent infection.

Pregnancy tests are examples of _________.

sandwich ELISAs