Microbiology quizzes Part 1

When you take a cold shower on a hot and humid day, you are creating conditions that will INCREASE the amount of bacteria and dust mites on your skin.

false

An infection where microbes enter blood or lymph vessels and spread to other parts of the body is called a/n ___________________ infection.

focal

Another word for skin is

integument

is when poisonous products of bacteria are distributed throughout the body.

toxemia

An organism that spreads disease is called a/n

vector

The ability of a microbe to survive and produce disease is

virulence

Genetic material in a protein coat would describe a

virus

______________ immunity is a result of being sick once or getting a vaccination.

Acquired

What is the most poisonous substance on Earth?

Botulinum toxin

Why is Cytomegalovirus (CMV) a concern for an embalmer who is also pregnant?

CMV can pass through the placenta to the fetus.

Why is tincture of iodine not considered a sterilant?

It does not kill endospores

The correct way to write the name of the bacterium that causes gonorrhea is

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

The bacterium that causes bubonic plague is

Yersinia pestis

Pus is only white in color

false

An inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted is a

fomite

A sticky, gelatinous coating on bacteria that surrounds the cell wall is the

glycocalyx

The natural habitat of a pathogen is

reservoir

Organisms that utilize decomposing matter as nutrients are

saprophytes

What can kill endospores?

sterilization

The mosquito that causes malaria is

Anopheles mosquito

Primary

Causes the initial illness

What level of classification is the most specific and exclusive relative to the other classifications?

Species

The process bacteria use to produce the endospore is

Sporulation

A microbe's virulence is generally a measure of its

Strength and ability to spread disease

An exogenous infection is caused by microbes that

are not normally present in the body

Bacteria reproduce by a process called

binary fission

Which is not one of the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?

bone-like

The prefix strepto- means

chain

The prefix staphyl- means

cluster

What disease gave milkmaids immunity to smallpox?

cowpox

A/n ____________________ is toxin confined within the body of a bacterium and is released only when the bacterium is broken down.

endotoxin

Ebola is a ____________________ disease.

epidemic

The enzyme that Staphylococcus aureus uses to penetrate the body's connective tissue is

hyaluronidase

General

When an infection becomes systemic

A virus that infects bacteria is

bacteriophage

The three basic shapes of bacteria are

coccus, bacillus, spirilla

Proteins that respond to viruses, bind to receptors on uninfected cells, and cause the uninfected cells to produce antiviral enzymes are

interferons

A red blood cell will remain the same (neither shrink nor swell) in which type of solution?

isotonic

COVID-19 is a ____________________ disease.

pandemic

When bacteria have flagella over the entire cell, that is known as

peri

A substance is neutral if its pH level is

7

It is generally safe to handle remains that were once considered to be infectious biohazard concerns after those remains have been

Cremated

What level of classification is the broadest, most general, and most comprehensive relative to the other classifications?

Domain

The four kingdoms are

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

When bacteria have flagella on each end of the cell, that is known as

amphi

A thick-walled cell produced by bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions is the

endospore

Some bacteria use an enzyme that digests fibrin threads to better utilize blood as a nutrient. That enzyme is

fibrinolysin

The three arrangements of bacteria are

pairs, chains, clusters

Salmonella food poisoning comes from

poultry

An unorganized coating on bacteria that is loosely attached to the cell wall is the

slime layer

How many chromosomes do bacteria have?

1

Mycology is the study of

Fungi

What bacteria type produces 20% of the Earth's oxygen (O2)?

Autotrophs

Who discovered penicillin?

Alexander Fleming

This vector is the primary spreader of Malaria

Anopheles mosquito

An ______ causes the bodys immune system to respond

Antigen

Binary fission is a form of

Asexual reproduction

In which symbiotic relationship would one organism benefit while the other organism not be harmed?

Commensalism

Which organism is the MOST flexible and adaptable when it comes to finding food sources on which to survive?

Facultative organisms

A monotrichous bacteria has multiple flagella.

False

The Magic Bullet Theory, in context of this course, references that fateful day in Dealey Plaza that took the life of President John Kennedy.

False

Appendages on a bacterium that allows it to attach to surfaces is

Fimbriae

Which is NOT a method of preparing a specimen for study under a microscope

Flushing

Which item is NOT a level or way of controlling microbial growth.

Incineration

The pus from __________________ is blue.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Plasmids are

Small circles of DNA separate from the main chromosome in bacteria

The only disease that was eradicated and is no longer in the human population is

Smallpox

The most poisonous substance on Earth is

Botulinum toxin

How was smallpox eradicated?

Controlling the human reservoir

What is responsible for causing disease according to the Germ Theory of Disease?

Microorganisms

Which of the following is NOT one of the four kingdoms?

Monera

The study of fungi is called

Mycology

Regarding temperature, which of the following is the maximum time it takes to kill all microorganisms present?

None

The proper term for "blood poisoning" is

Septicimia

Why do children tend to contract more illnesses than adults?

They are born with immature immune systems.

Communicable

Transmitted between people

Diseases that are communicable from animal or animal products are

zoonoses

Mixed

Caused by two or more organisms

The microbe of great concern that can cross the placenta is

Cytomegalovirus

Exogenous

Organisms not present in the body

Proteins that are Y-shaped and either neutralize or destroy antigens are

antibodies

A human being's ability to ward off disease based on his or her ability to acquire immunity from natural characteristics they were born with is called adaptive immunity.

False

A microbe's virulence is reduced, weakened, and diluted through a process known as

Attenuation

Reducing a microbe's virulence by diluting or weakening it is

Attenueation