Midterm, Computer Programming 1500 Final

What is y after executing the statements? x = 4; y = x + 1; x = 3; y = y * 2;

10

Which is not a valid identifier? firstName first_Name 1stName name1

1stName

What is the ending value of x? x = 160 / 20 / 4;

2

Given string str is "Great", which choice has all matching expressions? a.strcmp(str, "Great"), strcmp(str, "great") b.strcmp(str, "Great") c.strcmp(str, "Great"), strcmp(str, "Great!") d.strcmp(str, "Great"), strcmp(str, "great"), strcmp(str, "Great!")

B

What is the relation between a string's length and the string's last index? a.lastIndex == length b.lastIndex == length - 1 c.lastIndex == length + 1 d.lastIndex == length + 2

B

Which expression for YYY will result in an output of "Pass" only if x is exactly 32? int x; scanf("%d", &x); if(YYY) { printf("Pass"); }else {printf("Fail"); } a.x != 32 b.x == 32 c.x >= 32 d.x <= 32

B

A programmer compares x == y, where x and y are doubles. Many different values are expected for x and y. For values that a programmer expects to be equal, the comparison will _____ . a.always evaluate to true b.always evaluate to false c.sometimes evaluate to true, sometimes to false, depending on the values d.sometimes immediately exit the program, for values that are slightly different

C

Given str = "Cat", what is the result of this statement? str[1] = "ab"; a.str is "abt" b.str is "Catab" c.str is "Cab" d.Error: Assigning a character with a string is not allowed

D

Which expression for XXX causes the code to output the strings in alphabetical order? (Assume the strings are lowercase) if (XXX) { printf("%s %s\n",firstString, secondString); } else { printf("%s %s\n",secondString, firstString); } a.strcmp(str1, str2) != 0 b.strcmp(str1, str2) == 0 c.strcmp(firstString, secondString) > 0 d.strcmp(firstString, secondString) < 0

D

For which quantity is a double the best type?

Height of a building

A __________ is a computer component that stores files and other data. a. disk b. monitor c. keyboard d. processor

a

Both must be true for a person to ride: (1) At least 5 years old, (2) Taller than 36 inches. Which expression evaluates to true if a person can ride? a. (age >= 5) && (height > 36) b. (age >= 5) || (height > 36) c. (age > 5) && (height <= 36) d. (age > 5) || (height <= 36)

a

Given x = 1, y = 2, and z = 3, how is the expression evaluated? In the choices, items in parentheses are evaluated first.(x == 5) || (y == 2) && (z == 5) a. false OR (true AND false) --> false OR false --> false b. false OR (true AND false) --> false OR true --> true c. (false OR true) AND false --> true AND false --> false d. (false OR true) AND false --> true AND false --> true

a

Given year is positive, which expressions for XXX, YYY, and ZZZ will output the correct range? Choices are in the form XXX / YYY / ZZZ. If XXX: Output "1-100" Else If YYY: Output "101-200" Else If ZZZ: Output "201-300" Else: Output "Other" a. year < 101 / year < 201 / year < 301 b. year > 0 / year > 99 / year > 199 c. year > 0 / year > 100 / year > 200 d. year < 100 / year < 200 / year < 300

a

How is the expression evaluated? ! x - 3 > 0 a. ((!x) - 3) > 0 b. (!(x - 3) > 0 c. (!x) - (3 > 0) d. !((x - 3) > 0)

a

If a program compiles without errors, the program is free from__________. a. syntax errors b. logic errors c. runtime errors d. semantic errors

a

If the input is -5, what is the output? If x less than 0 Put "Low " to output Else if x greater than 0 Put "OK " to output Else if x less than -3 Put "Very low " to output a. Low b. Low Very low c. (Runs, but no output) d. Error: The compiler will complain about a missing else statement

a

In the following code, which conditions will lead to the booleans continue and needFill to both be true? halfFull = (currentTank > fullTank * .5); full = (currentTank == fullTank); empty = (currentTank == 0); almostEmpty = (currentTank < fullTank * .25) if (full || halfFull) { continue= true; needFill = false; } else if (almostEmpty && !Empty ) { continue = true; needFill = true; } else { continue = false; needfill = true; } a. almostEmpty == true && empty == false b. full == true || halfFull == true c. almostEmpty == true || empty == false d. almostEmpty == true && halfFull == true

a

What does this code do? If x less than y Put x to output Else Put y to output a. Outputs the lesser of the two integers; if they are equal, outputs that integer b. Outputs the lesser of the two integers; if they are equal, outputs nothing c. Outputs the greater of the two integers; if they are equal, outputs that integer d. Outputs the greater of the two integers; if they are equal, outputs nothing

a

What does this code output? cout << "I "; cout << "want pie." << endl; a. I want pie. b. "I " "want pie." c. I want pie d. I want pie e. I wantpie

a

Which expression follows the practice of using parentheses to make the intended order of evaluation explicit? x > y && !a == b a. (x > y) && (!a == b) b. (x > (y)) && ((!a == b)) c. ((x > y) && !a == (b)) d. ((x > y)) && ((!a == b))

a

Which expressions for YYY and ZZZ will output "Young" for ages less than 20 and "Young but not too young" for ages between 10 and 20?int u; scanf("%d", &u); if (YYY) { printf("Young"); } if (ZZZ) { printf(" but not too young"); } a.YYY: u < 20 ZZZ: u > 10 b.YYY: u < 20 ZZZ: u < 10 c.YYY: u > 20 ZZZ: u < 10 d.YYY: u > 20 ZZZ: u > 10

a

Which if branch executes when an account lacks funds and has not been used recently? hasFunds and recentlyUsed are booleans and have their intuitive meanings. a. if (!hasFunds && !recentlyUsed) b. if (!hasFunds && recentlyUsed) c. if (hasFunds && !recentlyUsed) d. if (hasFunds && recentlyUsed)

a

Which is an essential feature of a while loop having the following form? while (LoopExpression) { LoopBody } a. The LoopExpression should be affected by the LoopBody b. The LoopExpression should not be affected by the LoopBody c. The LoopBody should get user input d. The LoopBody should update at least two variables

a

Which is the simplest expression that is true only when myChar is among a-z or A-Z? a. isalpha(myChar) b. isalpha(tolower(myChar)) c. isalpha(myChar) && !isspace(myChar) d. isalpha(tolower(myChar)) || isalpha(toupper(myChar))

a

Which is true about incremental program development? a.All programmers, regardless of experience, benefit from incremental development b.Bugs are more likely to go unnoticed as more code is added c.Programmers don't have to compile code as often when developing incrementally d.The only benefit of incremental development is readable code

a

Which item converts a high-level language program to low-level machine instructions? a. Compiler b. Machine instruction c. Assembly language d. Memory

a

Which value of x results in short circuit evaluation, causing y < 4 to not be evaluated? (x >= 7) && (y < 4) a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. No such value

a

Which value of z will cause boolean x to short circuit to false even if y == 10? x = (z < 21) && (y == 10) a. z = 22 b. z = 12 c. z = 20 d. z = -5

a

Why should programmers avoid making the following comparison with double x? x == 0.3 a. Because 0.3 may not be exactly represented as 0.3 b. Because doubles should not be compared with integers c. Because variables should not be compared with literals d.Because the 0.3 should come first: 0.3 == x

a

Given only int variables a and b, which is a valid expression? 4a + 3 a + ab a + -2 2 x 3

a + -2

What does the compiler do upon reaching this variable declaration? int x;

allocates a memory location for x

A programmer must write a 500 line program. Which is most likely the best approach? a. Write 1 line, run and debug, write 1 more line, run and debug, repeat b. Write 10-20 lines, run and debug, write 10-20 more lines, run and debug, repeat c. Write 250 lines, run and debug, write 250 lines, run and debug d. Write 500 lines, run and debug

b

According to the following expression, what is z if x is 32 and y is 25? z = (x <= y) ? y : x + y; a. 25 b. 57 c. 32 d. 7

b

C++ is _________. a. derived from Fortran b. derived from C c. derived from Python d. derived independently of any other language

b

Choose the statement that generates this output: I wish you were here a. cout << "I wish" + "you were here"; b. cout << "I wish" << endl; cout << "you were here"; c. cout << "I wish"; cout << "you were here" << endl; d. cout << "I wish" << ln << "you were here";

b

For the given pseudocode, which XXX and YYY will output the number of times that 10 is input (stopping when 0 is input)? Choices are in the form XXX / YYY. count = 0 val = Get next input While val is not 0 If val == 10 XXX Else YYY val = Get next input Put count to output a. count = count + 1 / count = 0 b. count = count + 1 / (nothing) c. count = count + val / (nothing) d. count = count + val / count = 0

b

For the string "on time", what character is at index 3? a. (Space) b. t c. i d. m

b

Given a list of syntax errors from a compiler, a programmer should focus attention on which error(s) before recompiling? a. All the errors b. The first error only c. The middle error only d. The last error only

b

Given string str1 and string str2, which expression is true? str1 = "Flat"; str2 = "Last"; a. strcmp(str1, str2) == 0 b. strcmp(str1, str2) < 0 c. strcmp(str1, str2) > 0 d. (Comparison not possible)

b

Given userStr = "Doghouse", what is the ending value of char x? x = tolower(userStr[2]); a. G b. g c. (Space) d. Error: Compiler complains about converting an already-lowercase letter

b

How many times will the loop iterate, if the input is 105 107 99 103?scanf("%d", &x); while (x > 100) { // Do something scanf("%d", &x); } a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

b

How many x's will be output? Assume row and col are integers. for (row = 0; row < 2; ++row) { printf("x"); for (col = 0; col < 3; ++col) { // Do something } } a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 6

b

If the input is 5, what is the output? int x; int z=0; scanf("%d", &x); if(x > 9) { z = 3; } z = z + 1; printf("%d",z); a. 0 b. 1 c. 3 d. 4

b

If the input is 7, what is the output? If x less than 10 Put "Tiny " to output Else Put "Not tiny " to output If x less than 100 Put "Small " to output a. Tiny b. Tiny Small c. Not tiny Small d. (No output)

b

If the input sets int x with 5 and int y with 7, what is the ending value of z? z is declared as a boolean. z = (x > y); a. True b. False c. Error: No value assigned to z due to a runtime error d. Error: No value assigned to z due to a syntax error

b

The difference threshold indicating that floating-point numbers are equal is often called what? a. Double b. Epsilon c. Difference d. Threshold

b

Three sock types A, B, C exist in a drawer. Pulled socks are kept and not returned. Which is true? a. If the first two pulls are different socks, only one more pull is needed for a match b. If the first three pulls are different socks, only one more pull is needed for a match c. If the first two pulls are different socks, at least two more pulls are needed for a match d. If the first three pulls are different socks, at least two more pulls are needed for a match

b

What is the ending value of len? str = "Mid-wife "; len = strlen(str); a. 7 b. 9 c. 8 d. 11

b

What is the ending value of userString? (Note the question asks about userString, not about x). userString = "FaceBook"; x = tolower(userString[4]); a. Facebook b. FaceBook c. Faceook d. b

b

What is the output, if n is 3? for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { int factorial = 1; factorial = factorial * i; printf("%d ", factorial); } a.1 1 2001 b.1 2 2003 c.1 2 2006 d.Error: Cannot use the loop variable i inside the for loop

b

Which XXX will output only values up to 3? i is an int. for (i = 1; i < 10; i++) { printf("%d ", i); XXX { break; } } a. if (i != 3) b. if (i == 3) c. if (i != 4) d. if (i == 4)

b

A program should compute two times x. Which statement has a logic error? a. y = x + x; b. y = 2 * x; c. y = x * x; d. y = x * 2;

c

A restaurant serves breakfast before 11 am, after which they serve lunch. Which expression for XXX outputs the correct string for any time? Variable time ranges from 0 to 23 (e.g., 13 means 1 pm). mealString = XXX; // Output mealString a. (time > 11) ? "Breakfast" : "Lunch" b. (time == 11) ? "Breakfast" : "Lunch" c. (time < 11) ? "Breakfast" : "Lunch" d. (time != 11) ? "Breakfast" : "Lunch"

c

A sequence of instructions that solves a problem is called a(n) _________. a. instruction b. process c. algorithm d. variable

c

For the given pseudocode, which XXX and YYY will output the sum of the input integers (stopping when -1 is input)? Choices are in the form XXX / YYY. val = Get next input XXX While val is not -1 YYY val = Get next input Put sum to output a.sum = val / sum = val b.sum = val / sum = sum + val c.sum = 0 / sum = sum + val d.sum = 0 / sum = val

c

For the string "Orange", what character is at index 3? a. r b. a c. n d. g

c

For what values of x will "Medium" be output?If x > 40: Output "Large" Else If x > 20: Output "Medium" Else If x > 10: Output "Small" a. Any x smaller than 20 b. Any x larger than 40 c. Any x from 21 to 40 d. Any x from 10 to 40

c

Given string str1 and string str2, which expression is true? str1 = "Hi"; str2 = "Hello"; a.strcmp(str1, str2) == 0 b.strcmp(str1, str2) < 0 c.strcmp(str1, str2) > 0 d.(Comparison not possible)

c

Given the following code, what value of numCorrect outputs "You answered all but one question correctly!"? int numCorrect; switch(numCorrect) { case 0: printf("You didn't answer any questions correctly.\n"); break; case 1: printf("You answered only one question correctly.\n"); break; case 2: printf("You answered only two questions correctly.\n"); break; case 3: printf("You answered all but one question correctly!\n"); break; case 4: printf("You answered all four questions correctly!\n"); break; default: printf("Please check your input. There are only four questions.\n"); break; } a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4

c

If the input is 5, what is the output? int x; scanf("%d", &x); if (x < 10) { printf("Live "); } else if (x < 20) { printf("long "); } else if (x < 30) { printf( "and "); } printf("prosper!"); a. Live b. Live long c. Live prosper! d. Error: The compiler will complain about a missing else statement

c

In an instruction like: z = x + y, the symbols x, y, and z are examples of ___________. a. output b. visibles c. variables d. instructions

c

In what component does a processor store the processor's required instructions and data? a. Mailbox b. Switch c. Memory d. Bit

c

In what year was the first book of C published? a. 1819 b. 1920 c. 1978 d. 2010

c

RAM is an abbreviation that stands for: a. Real Analog Memory b. Ranged Access Memory c. Random Access Memory d. Random Abbreviated Memory

c

What is Moore's law? a. A processor used in cold weather is more likely to fail b. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction c. The capacity of ICs doubles roughly every 18 months d. Any given program will become obsolete

c

What is output, if userVal is 5? int x; x = 100; if (userVal != 0) { int tmpVal; tmpVal = x / userVal; printf("%d", tmpVal); } a. 0 b. 5 c. 20 d. Error: The compiler generates an error

c

What is the ending value of y if x is 50? y and x are ints. y = (x < 21) ? 100 : x; a. 'x' b. 21 c. 50 d. 100

c

What is the output if the input is "Yes", "No", "Yes", "Maybe"? char response[10] = ""; scanf("%s", response); while (strcmp(response, "Maybe") != 0) { if (strcmp(response, "Yes") == 0) { printf("Wrong "); } else { printf("%s ", response); } scanf("%s", response); } a.Yes No Yes b.Wrong No Wrong Maybe c.Wrong No Wrong d.Yes No Yes Maybe

c

What is the output? int num = 10; while (num <= 15) {printf("%d ", num); if (num == 12) { break; } ++num; } printf("Done"); a. 10 Done b. 10 11 Done c. 10 11 12 Done d. 10 11 12 13 14 15 Done

c

What is the output? j and k are ints. for (j = 0; j < 2; ++j) { for (k = 0; k < 4; ++k) { if (k == 2) {break; } printf("%d%d ", j, k); } } a. 00 01 02 b. 00 01 02 03 c. 00 01 10 11 d. 00 01 02 10 11 12

c

What values for x cause Branch 1 to execute? If x > 100 : Branch 1 Else If x > 200: Branch 2 a. 100 to 200 b. 100 or larger c. 101 or larger d. 101 to 200

c

Which YYY outputs the string in reverse? Ex: If the input is "Oh my", the output is "ym hO". int i;string str; scanf("%s", str); for (YYY) { printf("%c", str[i]); } a. i = str.length(); i < 0; --i b. i = str.length(); i > 0; --i c. i = str.length() - 1; i >= 0; --i d. i = str.length() + 1; i > 0; --i

c

Which expression best determines if double variable x is 74.7? a.fabs (x - 74.7) != 0.0001 b.fabs (x - 74.7) > 0.0001 c.fabs (x - 74.7) < 0.0001 d.fabs (x - 74.7) == 0.0001

c

Which expression correctly evaluates 13 < num < 30? a.(num < 13) && (num < 30) b.(num < 13) || (num < 30) c.(num > 13) && (num < 30) d.(num > 13) || (num < 30)

c

Which is true? a. C came after C++ b. C++ came after C+ c. C++ came after C d. C++ came after C+ but before C

c

Which text most closely resembles the form in which one instruction is stored in a single location of a typical computer's memory? a. w = (x + y) * (y - z) b. w = x + 000111 - (y * 1110101) c. Add 34, #9, 25 d. (Mul 45, 2) + (Mul 33, 5) + (Mul 4, 8)

c

Which value of y results in short circuit evaluation, causing z == 99 to not be evaluated? (y > 50) || (z == 99) a.40 b.50 c.60 d.No such value

c

An exam with 10 questions requires all 10 answers to be correct in order to pass. Which expression represents this condition? a. (numCorrect != 10) ? "Pass" : "Fail" b. (numCorrect = 10) ? "Pass" : "Fail" c. (numCorrect >= 9) ? "Pass" : "Fail" d. (numCorrect == 10) ? "Pass" : "Fail"

d

For the given pseudocode, which XXX and YYY will output the smallest non-negative input (stopping when a negative value is input)? Choices are in the form XXX / YYY. min = 0 val = Get next input min = val While val is not negative If XXX YYY val = Get next input Put min to output a.val > 0 / min = val b.min < val / val = min c.val > min / val = min d.val < min / min = val

d

For what values of integer x will Branch 3 execute? If x < 10 : Branch 1 Else If x > 9: Branch 2 Else: Branch 3 a.Value 10 or larger b.Value 10 only c.Values between 9 and 10 d.For no values (never executes)

d

How many x's will be output? i = 1; while (i <= 3) { j = 1;while (j <= i) { printf("x"); ++j; } printf("\n"); ++i; } a. 0 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6

d

The ____________ is a process that manages programs and interfaces with peripherals. a. clock b. BIOS c. integrated circuit d. operating system

d

What does a clock do? a. Stores the computer's programs b. Counts the number of instructions executed by a processor c. Interfaces with peripherals d. Determines the rate of execution for a processor's instructions

d

What is the output? char letter1; char letter2; letter1 = 'p'; while (letter1 <= 'q') { letter2 = 'x'; while (letter2 <= 'y') { printf("%c%c ", letter1, letter2); ++letter2; } ++letter1; } a.px b.px py c.qx qy d.px py qx qy

d

What is the output? for (i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) { if (i == 6) continue; else printf("%d ", i); } a. 0 1 2 3 4 5 b. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 c. 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 d. 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10

d

What is the output? int columns; int rows; for (rows = 0; rows < 2; ++rows) { for (columns = 0; columns < 3; ++columns) { printf("x"); } printf(" "); } a.x x b.xx xx c.xx xx xx d.xxx xxx

d

What is the output? int i; for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { int factorial = i + 1; for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) { printf("%d", factorial * j); } } printf("%d\n", factorial); a.01020304 b.010203048 c.10203048 d.Error: factorial is out of scope

d

What is the output? int main() { for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) { printf("%d", i); } printf("%d", i); return 0; } a. 12 b. 122 c. 123 d. Error: The variable i is not declared in the right scope

d

What will a compiler do for the following code? /* numItems = 2; /* Total items to buy */ rate = 0.5; */ a. Ignore numItems = 2, but generate code for rate = 0.5. b. Generate code for numItems = 2, but ignore rate = 0.5. c. Ignore both statements. d. Generate an error.

d

What will a compiler do for the following three lines of code? // x = 2; // width // y = 0.5 // z = x * y; Total area a. Yield an error for line 1 (x = ...) b. Yield an error for line 2 (y = ...) c. Yield an error for line 3 (z = ...) d. Ignore all three lines

d

Which conditional expression would cause myBoolean to short circuit to true given x = 10 and y = 5? a. myBoolean = (x < 5 || y < 10 ) ? false: true b. myBoolean = (x > 5 && y > 10 ) ? true: false c. myBoolean = (x < 5 || y > 10 ) ? true: false d. myBoolean = (x > 5 || y > 10 ) ? true: false

d

Which expression evaluates to true if the corresponding characters of strings s1 and s2 are equal independent of case? Ex: "C" and "c" should be considered equal. a. strcmp(str1[i], str2[i]) == 0 b. strcmp(tolower(str1[i]),tolower(str1[i])) == 0 c. strcmp(str1[i], toupper(str2[i])) == 0 d. strcmp(toupper(str1[i]), toupper(str2[i])) == 0

d

Which expressions for XXX and YYY correctly output the text for pre-teen and teenager? Choices are in the form XXX / YYY. if (XXX) { // Output "Pre-teen" } else if (YYY) { // Output "Teenager" } a.age >= 13 / age <= 19 b.age <= 13 / age > 13 c.age < 13 / age < 19 d.age < 13 / age <= 19

d

Which is an example of a process? a. int b. y, 10 c. 15 d. x + y

d

Which is not a component of a computer? a. Clock b. Memory c. Processor d. Programmer

d

Which is true for comments? a. The compiler converts comments into a series of machine instructions. b. The compiler translates comments into ASCII values. c. The compiler allocates memory for comments along with for variables. d. The compiler does not generate machine code for comments.

d

Why is it best to develop a large program incrementally? a. The code is less modular b. The compiler will compile without errors c. The program is easier to write but harder to debug d. The program is easier to debug

d

An identifier can _______.

start with an underscore

Which expression doubles x? x += 2; x *= 2; x *= x; x *= x * 2;

x *=2