Midterm Nutrition

If there are 280 kilocalories per cup and 3 servings per container, what is the approximate serving size if an individual consumed 420 kilocalories? 2.0 servings 1.2 servings 2.3 servings 1.5 servings

1.5 servings

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for proteins is 25 to 45 percent of daily kilocalories. 10 to 35 percent of daily kilocalories. 45 to 65 percent of daily kilocalories. 40 to 55 percent of daily kilocalories.

10 to 35 percent of daily kilocalories.

The Daily Values on a food label are based on a 2,500-kilocalorie diet. 2,100-kilocalorie diet. 2,000-kilocalorie diet. 1,800-kilocalorie diet.

2,000-kilocalorie diet

For a serving of a particular food to be considered high in a certain nutrient, the item must contain at least what percentage of the nutrient's Daily Value (DV)? 10 percent 15 percent 20 percent 18 percent

20 percent

A nutrition label will refer to an item as "reduced fat" when the food contains at least ________ percent less fat per serving. 20 10 25 15

25

One cup of whole milk contains 8g of fat. One cup of 2%, reduced-fat milk contains 5g of fat. What is the approximate difference in their caloric value, assuming protein and carbohydrate content are equivalent in both cups? 30 kilocalories 27 kilocalories 24 kilocalories none of the above

27 kilocalories

Sugar accounts for _____% of carbohydrate intake in the United States. 10 20 30 40

30

According to the National Institute of Medicine, moderately active is defined as 35 minutes of moderate activity per day. > 60 minutes of moderate activity per day. 30 to 60 minutes of moderate activity per day. about 65 minutes of moderate activity per day.

30 to 60 minutes of moderate activity per day.

Given the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat, how many kilocalories should a person consume from fat if his or her EER is 2,400 kilocalories? 855 kilocalories 100 to 225 kilocalories 480 to 840 kilocalories 950 to 1,000 kilocalories

480 to 840 kilocalories

Julie made a fresh fruit salad that contained 65 grams of carbohydrates, 21 grams of protein, and 30 grams of fat. How many total kilocalories did Julie's salad contain and what was the precentage of fat? 484 kilocalories with 55% fat 614 kilocalories with 44% fat 752 kilocalories with 28% fat 880 kilocalories with 19% fat

614 kilocalories with 44% fat

One cup of whole milk contains 8 g of fat. One cup of reduced-fat milk contains 5 g of fat. How many kilocalories would the fat contribute in the whole milk vs the reduced fat milk? 21 vs 15 kilocalories 50 vs 30 kilocalories 63 vs 28 kilocalories 72 vs 45 kilocalories

72 vs 45 kilocalories

Julie made some fresh fruit salad. She used half a cup of peaches (0g protein, 0g fat, 13g carbohydrates), half a cup of pears (0g protein, 0g fat, 13g carbohydrates), and half a cup of nectarines (1g protein, 0g fat, 13g carbohydrates). Just as she finished putting her salad together, her best friend, Lily, showed up. So they both sat out in the yard and equally divided the fruit salad. How many kilocalories did Julie consume? 136 17 51 80

80

Spencer is a 42-year-old elementary teacher and maintains a physically active lifestyle. He needs 2,800 kilocalories daily to maintain a healthy weight. Given the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what is the maximum daily kilocalories from fat that Spencer should consume? 560 kilocalories 1,260 kilocalories 280 kilocalories 980 kilocalories

980 kilocalories

Vigorous activity is defined as expending > 7.0 kilocalories per minute. 6.0 to 7.0 kilocalories per minute. 3.5 to 7.0 kilocalories per minute. none of the above

> 7.0 kilocalories per minute.

When no RDA is established for a nutrient, which of the following reference values is used as the alternative? EAR EER UL AI

AI

Which statement best describes the current status of the American diet? Americans consume too many vitamins and minerals and too little saturated fat. Americans consume too much sugar and too little sodium and fiber. Americans consume too much saturated fat and too little protein. Americans consume too much protein and sodium and too little fiber.

Americans consume too much protein and sodium and too little fiber.

________ provide less energy per gram than ________. Carbohydrates; proteins Carbohydrates; fats Plant fats; animal fats Plant proteins; animal proteins

Carbohydrates; fats

Which of the following statements would be true if a significant length of the small intestine was NOT functioning properly? Digestion alone will be affected. Absorption alone will be affected. Digestion and absorption will be affected. Neither digestion nor absorption will be affected.

Digestion and absorption will be affected.

The value used to calculate the RDA for nutrients is known as the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). Adequate Intake (AI). Estimated Energy Requirement (EER).

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR).

The amount of energy one needs daily to maintain a healthy body weight and maintain the body's functions is called the Estimated Energy Expenditure (EEE). Daily Energy Allowance (DEA). Average Energy Requirement (AER). Estimated Energy Requirement (EER).

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER).

A baked potato is more energy dense than a serving of potato chips because it contains more energy per gram of weight. True False

False

A kilocalorie is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gallon of water by one degree Celsius. True False

False

According to recent studies, skipping breakfast is an effective way to promote weight loss and provide satiety throughout the day. True False

False

According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), the acceptable intake of carbohydrates should make up 15 to 20 percent of daily kilocalories. True False

False

Alcohol is an energy-yielding nutrient. True False

False

All energy-yielding nutrients provide the same amount of energy per gram of their weight. True False

False

All essential nutrients are also organic. True False

False

All individuals require the same amount of energy for their normal bodily functions. True False

False

Because a large proportion of the human body is composed of water, it does not have to be replenished every day. True False

False

Eating a balanced diet means consuming reasonable but not excessive amounts of foods and nutrients. True False

False

Food labels are under the strict control of and regulation by the CDC. True False

False

If the digestive tract were longer, all foods would be digested completely and there would not be a need for elimination. True False

False

Meat is a good source of carbohydrates. True False

False

Once food enters the small intestine, all digestive processes stop and only absorption occurs. True False

False

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health are primarily responsible for updating the Dietary Guidelines every five years. True False

False

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the average amount of a nutrient that will most likely not cause any toxicity symptoms. True False

False

The villi regulate the movement of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine. True False

False

What is the difference between nutrient density (ND) and energy density (ED)? ND refers to foods that are high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) and low in kilocalories; ED refers to foods high in energy and low in volume/weight. ND refers to foods high in weight/volume; ED refers to foods high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) and high in kilocalories. ED refers to foods that are high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) but low in kilocalories. ED refers to foods that are low in nutrients high in energy; ND refers to foods high in nutrients and energy.

ND refers to foods that are high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) and low in kilocalories; ED refers to foods high in energy and low in volume/weight.

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value that includes specific nutrient recommendations by age and gender is known as Daily Value (DV). Adequate Intake (AI). Estimated Energy Requirement (EER). Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).

All of the following statements are true about minerals except They are essential. They play a role in the maintenance of fluid balance. They are organic. They are important in structural tissues like bones and teeth.

They are organic

A nutrient deficiency may result from malabsorption of a nutrient. True False

True

According to the "hand method" of estimating food portions, a woman's palm equals around 3 ounces of cooked meat, chicken, or fish. True False

True

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), bicycling at 12 mph would be considered vigorous activity. True False

True

All foods, even less nutritious ones, can be part of a healthy diet as long as they are consumed in moderation. True False

True

Although more energy dense, one doughnut has a lower satiety index than one banana. True False

True

Cells that line the small intestine live for only a few days before they get sloughed off and discarded. True False

True

Daily Values (DVs) are similar to Daily Reference Intakes (DRIs) but are less precise and are based on less current reference levels. True False

True

Flatulence can be a result of eating too fast. True False

True

For infants, AIs are the only estimations for nutrients to evaluate dietary adequacy. True False

True

Healthy eating involves consuming a diet that balances all of the food groups. True False

True

Malnutrition can be either undernutrition or overnutrition. True False

True

More than 35 percent of American adults are obese. True False

True

Preferences for specific textures and flavors in foods may be determined as early as infancy. True False

True

The foundation of our preference for specific textures and flavors in foods may be laid as early as infancy. True False

True

The primary role of the large intestine is absorption. True False

True

Three ounces of cooked meat, chicken, or fish is roughly equivalent in size to a woman's palm. True False

True

Undernutrition is a state of inadequate nutrition due to the diet not meeting nutrient and/or energy needs. True False

True

Weight gain is a factor that contributes to the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and high blood pressure. True False

True

All of the following must be printed on a food label except Vitamin B, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and omega 3 FA's name and address of the manufacturer or distributor. uniform serving size compared with similar products. ingredients in descending order by weight.

Vitamin B, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and omega 3 FA's

One cup of pasta (two servings) or vegetables (one serving) is approximately the size of two hands cupped together. a woman's fist. a woman's palm. a man's fist.

a womans fist

________ provide less energy per gram than ________. Carbohydrates; proteins Plant proteins; animal proteins Plant fats; animal fats Alcohol; fats

alcohol; fats

Which of the following are essential nutrients? lipids proteins vitamins all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following can be classified as functional foods? berries, cherries, and red grapes whole grains soybeans and soy-based foods all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is not a key principle of healthy eating? variety balance availability moderation

availability

Which of the following is an example of a "nutrient-dense" food? sweets potato chips broccoli packaged snack foods

broccoli

The primary mode by which scientists share their research findings is by writing about it in the newspaper. by giving interviews on CNN. by giving talks at local community gatherings. by publishing in a peer-reviewed journal.

by publishing in a peer-reviewed journal

When the epiglottis does NOT function properly, this condition can cause choking. burping. vomiting. diarrhea.

choking.

Jada's parents both work from 8 a.m. until 6 p.m. every day. When Jada and her sister get home from school, they eat a snack and do homework until dinner time. Jada's mom and dad are tired at the end of the day and often stop at the grocery store on the way home from work to pick up prepared meals or pre-prepared ingredients that just need to be assembled. Which of the following factors most influences the choice of dinner in Jada's household? culture environment genetics convenience

convenience

When we do not consume enough of a nutrient, we eventually develop a(n) ________. immunity allergy dependency deficiency

deficiency

The exchange lists for meal planning were designed to help people with what chronic illness? asthma heart disease diabetes cancer

diabetes

Bile acts as a(n) emulsifier. enzyme. inhibitor. coagulant.

emulsifier.

The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) is a calculation based on all of the following except age. ethnicity. gender. height.

ethnicity

The consumption of excess kilocalories results in the accumulation of fat. protein. carbohydrates. all of the above

fat

The consumption of excess kilocalories results in the accumulation of fluid. protein. carbohydrates. fat.

fat

The most important factor that influences food choice is convenience. culture. advertising. flavor/taste.

flavor/taste

What are energy-dense foods? foods high in energy and low in volume/weight foods that are low in nutrients and high in energy foods that are high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) but low in kilocalories foods high in nutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) and high in kilocalories

foods high in energy and low in volume/weight

Which of the following leading causes of death in the United States is related to nutrition? Alzheimer's disease heart disease respiratory disease kidney disease

heart disease

The primary chemical reaction during enzymatic digestion is condensation. hydrolysis. lipolysis. electrolysis.

hydrolysis.

All of the following are segments of the large intestine except the ileum. rectum. cecum. colon.

ileum

Each of the following is a goal of the Dietary Guidelines except build healthy eating patterns. reduce certain foods and food components. increase protein intake. balance kilocalories to manage weight.

increase protein intake.

Which of the following is a macronutrient? vitamins lipids minerals enzymes

lipids

Accessory organs involved in digestion include the heart, gallbladder, and pancreas. liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. liver, gallbladder, and kidneys. liver, trachea, and pancreas.

liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Vitamins and minerals are considered coenzymes. phytochemicals. micronutrients. macronutrients.

micronutrients.

Organic nutrients include all of the following except proteins. vitamins. minerals. carbohydrates.

minerals

Tara takes a brisk 45-minute walk or attends a yoga class most days of the week. What level of physical activity best describes Tara's workouts? intense moderate sedentary vigorous

moderate

The element that is uniquely found in all proteins and some vitamins is oxygen. carbon. nitrogen. hydrogen.

nitrogen

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are nutrient intake recommendations based on individuals rather than population groups. recommendations of nutrient needs based on socioeconomic status. recommendations set for weight loss. nutrient recommendations based on population groups rather than individuals.

nutrient recommendations based on population groups rather than individuals.

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are recommendations of nutrient needs based on socioeconomic status. nutrient recommendations based on population groups rather than individuals. recommendations set for weight loss. nutrient intake recommendations based on individuals rather than population groups.

nutrient recommendations based on population groups rather than individuals.

The increased consumption of high-kilocalorie foods combined with sedentary lifestyles in America is the direct cause of which of the following conditions? obesity respiratory disease constipation kidney disease

obesity

Which of the following risk factors is associated with gallbladder disease? obesity diabetes hypertension alcoholism

obesity

All of the following must be printed on a food label except uniform serving size compared with similar products. name and address of the manufacturer or distributor. ingredients (in descending order by weight). potassium, folic acid, and chloride levels.

potassium, folic acid, and chloride levels

Which of the following are essential nutrients? zoochemicals phytochemicals soluble and insoluble fibers protein

protein

According to recent studies, all of the following are good methods to reduce portion size except purchasing "mini-sized" bars/crackers/snacks. using smaller plates. ordering an appetizer as the main entrée. cooking smaller quantities of food.

purchasing "mini-sized" bars/crackers/snacks.

Pepsin is active in the large intestine. stomach. mouth. small intestine.

stomach

Which of the following has the least effect on the foods that we choose to eat? the nutrition information on the back of packaged food exams and other school-related stress the weather forecast for the next month the people that surround us

the weather forecast for the next month

A diet consisting of only meat and potatoes would be considered substantial. balanced. unbalanced. adequate.

unbalaned

Which of the following is a micronutrient? carbohydrates vitamins enzymes lipids

vitamins

Organic nutrients include all of the following except vitamins. proteins. carbohydrates. water.

water

What is measured in the BMI of an individual? weight relative to height blood sugar levels nutrient deficiencies waist-to-hip ratio

weight relative to height

Omega 3 fatty acids would be a good example of ________, a naturally occuring chemical found in animal foods that have health-enhancing properties. zoochemicals phytochemicals functional enzymes fiber

zoochemicals