midterm practical ch 1 and ch 2
A client is shocked to discover the American diet is considered "poor" and expresses concern over some of the facts they heard. Which client statement does the nurse confirm is true?
"80% of Americans have eating patterns that are low in vegetables, fruits, and dairy."
A client reports adopting the Healthy US-style eating plan recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. What response should the nurse make to this client?
"Consider adding more foods fortified with vitamin D.'
The nurse has been teaching a patient with cancer about the food recommendations specific to the American Cancer Society Guidelines for Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention. The nurse knows that the client needs more teaching when the client makes which statement?
"I will increase my consumption of red meats."
The nurse is discussing Dietary Guidelines for Americans with an adult client. The nurse recognizes that the client needs additional teaching when the client makes what statement?
"I will limit my sodium intake to no more than 3500 mg per day."
The nurse is sharing information with a group of clients about healthy eating guidelines that are based on evidence. What is an example the nurse will provide as a characteristic of a healthy eating pattern?
"Include a variety of colors of fruits and vegetables."
A client tells the nurse, "I am having a really hard time and am making bad food choices too often." Which response from the nurse is appropriate?
"Let us review what kinds of foods you are eating."
A client asks how to avoid consuming empty calories. Which of the following is the nurse's bestresponse?
"Limit foods that have sugar listed in the first few ingredients."
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class to help clients move toward a healthier lifestyle using Dietary Guidelines for Americans. What statement would the nurse include in the session?
"Make at least half your grains whole grains."
A client asks the nurse to explain the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. What statement would the nurse correctly include in the summary?
"Make high quality choices, within the right calorie limit."
A client asks the nurse for an explanation of MyPlate. What statement would the nurse include in the response?
"MyPlate is a graphical depiction of a place setting with one-quarter of the plate devoted to grains."
A client reports eating half a large tomato, 1 piece of whole wheat toast with 1 tablespoon of peanut butter, and 1 medium banana for breakfast. Which response will the nurse make when assessing this intake?
"This was a healthy set of breakfast food choices."
The nurse is approached by a client who states, "Are they going to expect me to eat the same thing every day in order to meet my nutrient Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)? I'll be so bored!" Which response should the nurse use?
"You do not have to eat the same foods every day, because RDAs are set high enough to account for a certain amount of daily variation."
A client newly diagnosed with diabetes inquires of the nurse, "I do not believe in all these Western medicines and treatments. I want to get better, but is there a way to so that doesn't involve taking medication?" Which response will the nurse give?
"You might be interested in lifestyle medicine, which focuses on lifestyle changes."
The nurse is teaching a client how to construct a meal based on MyPlate. Which information will the nurse convey?
"Your plate should have 1/4 of it taken up by grains."
A female client has asked the nurse about including alcohol in a healthy diet. When teaching the client about moderation in drinking, what is the maximum number of drinks per day the nurse would recommend for this client? Record the answer as a whole number.
1
Drinking alcohol in moderation means how many drinks per day for men? Enter the correct number ONLY.
2
MyPlate attempts to limit confusion regarding appropriate portion size by linking specific amounts of foods to the total number of calories in a food plan. What recommendation coincides with a 2,000-calorie daily food plan?
2 1/2 cups of vegetables per day
How many servings of vegetables should the average American consume in a day?
2 to 2.5 cups
The nurse was a guest speaker in a high school nutrition class and delivered a lesson on safe food handling with an emphasis on handwashing. The following weekend, a student from the class attended a family picnic and utilized the information learned. What is the minimum number of seconds the student washed their hands during food preparation for the picnic? Provide your answer as a whole number.
20
The nurse is reviewing a client's food diary for the past week. Keeping in mind the healthy and detrimental eating patterns identified in the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which meal is most associated with detrimental health outcomes?
A hamburger with a white bun and pickle spears, with a soda
A client is asking the nurse to explain Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Which of the following definitions best describes DRIs?
A set of five nutrient-based reference values used to plan and evaluate diets
A group of students are reviewing nutrient standards and ask the nurse why none of the nutrients has both a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and an Adequate Intake (AI). Which statement represents the nurse's best response?
AI is set only when there is not enough data for an RDA."
The nurse is providing acute care discharge instruction to a client who is now medically stable and plans to have outpatient care to treat remaining wounds. Which nutrtitional advice does the nurse offer to maximize wound healing?
Add skim milk powder to reduced fat milk.
Many health agencies publish guidelines or recommendations for healthy eating, including the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, and the American Institute for Cancer Research. The recommendations are similar to each other and to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans in recommending which of the following? Select all that apply. Become more physically active. Choose more nutrient-dense foods. Limit alcohol intake. Limit variety in the diet. Exercise for at least 15 minutes 3 days a week.
Become more physically active. Choose more nutrient-dense foods. Limit alcohol intake.
A client in remission from colon cancer wishes to modify nutrition intake to maximize health. Which recommendation will the nurse make?
Consider transitioning to a plant-based diet.
A client asks if there are any specific limits that should be practiced when adhering to the Dietary Guidelines. What should the nurse respond to this client?
Consume less than 10% of calories from added sugars
The health of the American population has changed over the past years. The nurse is aware that the increase in chronic disease can be attributed to lifestyle changes. Which lifestyle change(s) has had a negative impact on chronic disease? Select all that apply. Cost of food Sedentary lifestyle Health promotion Technological advances Exercise promotion
Cost of food Sedentary lifestyle Technological advances
The nurse understands nutrigenomics has the potential to prevent chronic disease. Which potential benefit may result from nutrigenomic guidance?
Dietary advice and guidance that are based on an individual's genetic makeup
The nurse is seeing a client and becomes concerned that the client is not obtaining enough dietary calcium. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to improve the client's calcium intake?
Encourage and monitor intake of supplements
When teaching a client about diet changes, the nurse knows it is better to emphasize which of the following?
Encourage healthy options often
A client requests dietary information to prevent the development of chronic diseases. Which nutritional standard should the nurse provide for this client?
Estimated average requirements
A healthy adult client wants to include nutrient-dense foods in their diet. Which milk product is the best choice for this client?
Fat-free milk
Which beverage is the most nutrient-dense choice?
Fat-free milk
The nurse instructs a client on nutrient dense foods. Which selection indicates that teaching has been effective?
Green salad
A client with lactose intolerance asks for assistance selecting an eating plan that will help with weight reduction. Which eating pattern should the nurse recommend to this client?
Healthy Mediterranean-Style
A client desires to follow the Healthy Vegetarian eating pattern but does not consume eggs. What should the nurse recommend to this client?
Increase the intake of soy products
When describing the overall goals of Dietary Guidelines for Americans to a client who wants to make changes in his eating pattern, which is the best way for the nurse to describe this initiative?
It is an initiative aimed at helping people make higher quality food choices.
In comparison to the Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern, which food(s) is included in higher amounts in the Healthy Vegetarian Eating Pattern? Select all that apply. Kidney beans Tofu Walnuts Yogurt Edamame
Kidney beans Tofu Walnuts Edamame
The nurse realizes the client can take a number of actions to decrease the risk of chronic disease. Which intervention(s) can reduce the risk of chronic disease? Select all that apply. Limit alcohol intake Decrease intake of added sugars Limit physical activity Decrease intake of sodium Quit smoking
Limit alcohol intake Decrease intake of added sugars Decrease intake of sodium Quit smoking
Which food choice will the nurse recommend to a client who wishes to increase their dietary intake of calcium?
Low-fat millk
A nurse is reviewing a client's dietary log for one day. The client began the day with a breakfast of yogurt, fresh strawberries, and a glass of milk. For lunch, they ate a tuna sandwich on whole-grain bread, chips, and a soft drink. Dinner consisted of whole-grain pasta with vegetables, a side salad with low-fat dressing, and a glass of wine. Which group consists entirely of foods that fall under the Adequacy group of the Health Eating Index (HEI)??
Milk, tuna sandwich, salad
A client wishes to increase intake of healthy fat sources while decreasing intake of saturated fat. Which oil will the client use when preparing a homemade salad dressing? Coconut Palm Palm kernel Olive
Olive
Lifestyle medicine incorporates the use of evidence-based lifestyle approaches to address chronic disease. Which therapeutic approach(es) is associated with lifestyle medicine? Select all that apply. Physical activity Stress management Limitation of sleep Plant-based diet Medication management
Physical activity Stress management Plant-based diet
The nurse is approached by the client's spouse who says, "He eats so poorly. I know that is what is making him so sick!" The nurse recognizes that diet plays a role in the risk for chronic diseases. Which eating pattern would the nurse recommend that is associated with positive health outcomes?
Plant-based eating pattern
Nutrition plays a critical role in all aspects of health. Which is a fact that supports this statement?
Proper nutrition aids in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases.
While teaching the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), the nurse should include which of the following points in the discussion?
RDAs are appropriate for healthy individuals in all age groups.
Healthy People is a program supported by the United States Department of Health and Human Services to promote the health and well-being of Americans. Which objective(s) is listed as a Healthy People 2030 core objective? Select all that apply. Reduce the consumption of added sugars by people aged 2 years and over. Increase the proportion of women of childbearing age who get enough folic acid. Decrease potassium consumption by people aged 2 years and over. Increase the proportion of women who gain a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. Eliminate very low food security in children.
Reduce the consumption of added sugars by people aged 2 years and over. Increase the proportion of women of childbearing age who get enough folic acid. Eliminate very low food security in children.
A client is seeking to increase the amount of protein in their diet. Which food will provide the client with the most protein?
Scrambled eggs
The nurse has just educated a group of students about one of the reference sets that can be applied to calories, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs). Which statement(s) indicates an understanding of AMDRs? Select all that apply. There is no risk associated with failing to meet or exceeding the AMDRs. The AMDR for an adult for protein is 10%-35%. The AMDR provides exact percentages for macronutrient daily requirements. The AMDRs are always given in percentages. The AMDR for an adult for fat is 20%-35%.
The AMDR for an adult for protein is 10%-35%. The AMDRs are always given in percentages. The AMDR for an adult for fat is 20%-35%.
The nurse suspects that social factors are limiting a client's understanding of the diet restrictions he is to follow. Which of the following may be a factor?
The client is unable to read.
A student nurse is reviewing dietary standards in preparation for a test. The student recognizes which standard as presenting the highest level of average daily nutrient intake?
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) consistently promote plant-based, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean diets as healthy eating patterns. Which meal choice example would the nurse recommend to a client who would like to try a Mediterranean diet?
Whole wheat pita bread with hummus
A client reports eating nutrient dense foods the majority of the time. Which food item should the nurse recommend that the client increase the intake?
brown rice
Which component of the MyPlate graphic takes up the smallest space and therefore represents the smallest proportion of the diet?
dairy
The nurse recognizes that some clients are very sensitive to certain terms such as "dieting." Which of the following is the most appropriate phrase to use when encouraging a client regarding nutritional changes?
eating style
As chronic diseases have become more prevalent, health care providers have begun exploring additional treatment and management options. Which single recommendation has had the largest impact in promoting positive outcomes?
healthy lifestyle
The nurse recognizes that a client's nutrition requirements may be related to other medical disorders. Which of the following would indicate that nutrition intervention should be a part of the nursing care plan?
impaired physical mobility
The nurse is assisting at a nonprofit clinic that offers medical services for at-risk clients. During assessments, the nurse is aware that several factors can negatively influence the clients' nutritional status. Which of the following may be a factor? Select all that apply. inadequate cooking arrangement low income impaired intake related to culture maintains a garden receives food boxes monthly
inadequate cooking arrangement low income impaired intake related to culture
The nurse confirms that the client understands the concept of nutrient-dense foods because the client emphasizes what item in their daily intake?
lean meat
The nurse is considering the dietary needs of a client with burn related wounds. Which nutrient does the nurse identify as being the most important for wound healing?
protein
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) are broad ranges for each energy nutrient. Which of the following is the CORRECT percentage of AMDRs for adults?
protein 10-35%
The nurse suspects that a client may be malnourished because of which of the following symptoms found during an assessment? Select all that apply. swollen neck glands depressed mood loss of balance hand edema
swollen neck glands depressed mood loss of balance
A well-validated indicator of malnutrition is:
unintentional weight loss.
