Midterm Review Questions- Chapter 5- AP Government

Despite the Supreme Court's ruling on Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, which stated that, even during times of war, a president may not violate the Constitutional rights of Americans, the National Security Agency continued to engage in surveillance programs on U.S. citizens, which some argue violated the -Fourth Amendment. -Thirteenth Amendment. -First Amendment. -Tenth Amendment.

-Fourth Amendment.

Who was the first president to authorize a drone strike that killed an American citizen? -Barack Obama -Donald Trump -George W. Bush -Bill Clinton

-George W. Bush

Suppose Congress has presented a law to the president that the president believes will infringe upon the due process rights of Americans. Which action can the president take to check Congress' apparent power-grab? -He may veto the bill so that it does not become official law. -He may present the bill to the Supreme Court to get their opinion on it. -He may pardon the bill so it does not get passed and codified into law. -He may establish a committee to investigate the members of Congress who supported the bill.

-He may veto the bill so that it does not become official law.

The following question(s) refer to the bar chart. nar003-1.jpg The bar chart supports which of the following inferences? -The president who nominated the most Asian American judges also nominated the fewest Hispanic judges. -President Jimmy Carter nominated more African American judges than any other president. -President Donald Trump has nominated more white federal judges than any president since Ronald Reagan. -A consistent trend has emerged over the decades favoring the nomination of an increasing number of judges from minority backgrounds.

-President Donald Trump has nominated more white federal judges than any president since Ronald Reagan.

How do public approval trends impact a president's ability to take action during a time of crisis? -Public approval often increases during a time of crisis, which would allow the president to expand the power of the executive without much protest. -Public approval usually stagnates during a time of crisis due to conflicting opinions on how the crisis should be handled, impeding the ability of a president to take effective action. -Public opinion only increases after a crisis has been successfully handled, pressuring the president to take only publicly-supported actions to address the crisis. -Public approval generally declines in a time of crisis, decreasing the president's ability to quickly implement effective action.

-Public approval often increases during a time of crisis, which would allow the president to expand the power of the executive without much protest.

Which characteristic of the executive branch allows the president to act quickly and decisively in an emergency? -That the executive is given broad authority in the Constitution -That it is checked by the judicial branch -That it is checked by the legislative branch -That the president can act alone

-That the president can act alone

What is the primary purpose of the War Powers Resolution? -To restrict the president's ability to maintain troops in combat -To grant the president the power to declare war -To restrict the ability of Congress to declare war -To prevent the president from commanding troops in wartime

-To restrict the president's ability to maintain troops in combat

Suppose you are president of the United States during wartime. How do you interpret your authority as commander in chief? -You devolve your authority as commander in chief to Congress. -You expand your role as president to make swift, strong decisions. -You believe that the scope of your power does not change. -You consider the demands and policies of interest groups above all else.

-You expand your role as president to make swift, strong decisions.

Congress may override a veto with -a two-thirds vote in both the House and Senate. -a majority vote in both the House and Senate. -a majority vote in the House. -two-thirds vote in the Senate.

-a two-thirds vote in both the House and Senate.

A president may use the State of the Union Address as a tool for -winning reelection. -bargaining and persuasion in Congress. -threatening Congress with executive order initiatives. -getting his proposed budget passed.

-bargaining and persuasion in Congress.

President Donald Trump is well known for his frequent and sometimes tactless use of the social media platform, Twitter. President Trump's announcements of policy initiatives and plans on Twitter is an example of -a violation of the conduct of the president. -desperation for public approval. -going public. -bargaining and persuasion.

-going public.

A political scientist who believes that the key to a good executive branch leader is energy and the ability to take strong, swift action would likely agree with -Alexander Hamilton. -Thomas Jefferson. -George Washington. -John Adams.

-Alexander Hamilton.

The President of the United States has the authority to use military force against terrorists and their associates under the -Anwar al-Awlaki Act. -Patriot Act. -Authorization for Use of Military Force Act. -War on Terror declaration.

-Authorization for Use of Military Force Act.

Suppose the president of the United States suspects an American citizen of going to Syria to join a terrorist network and create propaganda to be used in the United States against more Americans. The president has precedent to take which action against the citizen? -Deploying a special operations force to kill them. -Authorizing a drone strike to attack them. -Bringing them back home and reintegrating them into society. -Ordering their capture and torture.

-Authorizing a drone strike to attack them.

How did the War on Terror expand the power of the executive branch? -By establishing a prison on Guantanamo Bay, the president could use any method of torture against suspected terrorists. -By appealing to the looming threat of terrorism against Americans, the president implemented policies and measures without the approval of Congress to combat those threats. -The declaration of the War on Terror by the president shifted the authority to declare war from Congress to the executive branch. -The advent of drone technology allowed the president to quickly and quietly kill American citizens who were suspected of aiding terrorists.

-By appealing to the looming threat of terrorism against Americans, the president implemented policies and measures without the approval of Congress to combat those threats.

How did President Bush violate the rights of Yaser Hamdi in 2001? -By imprisoning him without just cause, violating his First Amendment rights. -By arresting him without reading him his Miranda rights. -By imprisoning him without notifying him of his crimes or due process. -By declaring that he was no longer a U.S. citizen before his imprisonment.

-By imprisoning him without notifying him of his crimes or due process.

Despite not having the ability to formally introduce and write legislation, how is the president able to influence the legislative process? -By refusing to provide records or transcripts to Congress -By threatening to veto a bill before it even comes across his desk -By negotiating treaties with foreign nations -By issuing a presidential pardon for those who have violated the existing laws

-By threatening to veto a bill before it even comes across his desk

The following question(s) refer to the quote. On July 10, 1832, President Andrew Jackson sent the following message to the United States Senate: The bill "to modify and continue" the act entitled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States" was presented to me on the 4th July instant. Having considered it with that solemn regard to the principles of the Constitution which the day was calculated to inspire, and come to the conclusion that it ought not to become a law, I herewith return it to the Senate, in which it originated, with my objections. A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. . . . [D]eeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating these objections. What is President Jackson's perspective in the quote? -A bank of the United States is useful to the people and should be established. -The Constitution is subversive of the rights of the states. -Congress cannot establish a bank of the United States. -The Constitution does not protect the liberties of the people.

-Congress cannot establish a bank of the United States.

Suppose you are a policy advisor to the president who wants to get education reform legislation passed, a policy that is popular with most Americans. Since Congress is controlled by the opposing party, however, passing legislation is more difficult than usual. Which tactic do you suggest to the president that will have the best chance of enacting the desired policy without damaging public opinion? -Going public as a way to urge Americans to put pressure on their representatives in Congress. -Trying to bargain with and persuade members of Congress to vote for the president's policy initiative. -Appealing to other branches of government to support the president's policies. -Signing an executive order that would implement the policy and bypass Congress.

-Going public as a way to urge Americans to put pressure on their representatives in Congress.

Which of the following best explains the trend shown in the graph? -Members of Congress rely on the president for electoral support, making them more likely to support presidential initiatives. -Presidents rarely face divided government at the beginning of a term. -Presidents often win elections by large margins, making them popular at the beginning of their terms. -Newly elected presidents take advantage of a "honeymoon" period with Congress to get their policies passed.

-Newly elected presidents take advantage of a "honeymoon" period with Congress to get their policies passed.

Which of the following best describes the viewpoint shown in the cartoon? -Executive orders are unconstitutional. -The Supreme Court unfairly blocks presidential initiatives. -Presidents believe they have superpowers. -Other branches of government check the president.

-Other branches of government check the president.

What was Anwar al-Awlaki accused of? -Recruiting followers for al-Qaeda over the Internet. -Providing aid to Taliban operations. -Coordinating the September 11 attacks. -Providing aid to the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan.

-Recruiting followers for al-Qaeda over the Internet.

Why might some criticize the use of deadly force on American citizens who have committed or are suspected of terrorism? -Such an action infringes upon a citizen's right not to be subject to cruel and unusual punishment. -Such actions violate a citizen's right to due process. -Use of deadly force for terrorism violates a citizen's freedom to practice religion. -Deadly force is not an appropriate punishment for such treason.

-Such actions violate a citizen's right to due process.

Which precedent was set by the Supreme Court's decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld? -That the methods of torture at Guantanamo Bay are considered cruel and unusual. -That the general expansion of the executive branch during wartime is unconstitutional. -That a president may not compromise the rights of American citizens during wartime. -That an American citizen who has become an enemy of the state no longer has rights as an American.

-That a president may not compromise the rights of American citizens during wartime.

Which group is part of the Executive Office of the President? -The Vice President -Senior White House Leadership -The first spouse -The Council of Economic Advisers

-The Council of Economic Advisers

Suppose you are working for the president and are responsible for coordinating foreign policy initiatives. Which part of the Executive Office of the President do you work for? -The Office of Management and Budget -The Council of Economic Advisers -The White House Office -The National Security Council

-The National Security Council

Use the information in this passage to answer the following question(s). On November 20, 2014, President Obama issued a statement removing the threat of deportation for approximately five million undocumented parents and permanent residents who lived in the country for at least five years. Which of the following is the best argument that President Obama exceeded his authority in the situation described? -The action expands presidential power beyond its constitutional limits. -Under the system of federalism, the national government must work with the states in setting immigration policy. -The president infringed on the authority of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, which was created to set immigration policies. -The president should have used an executive agreement because other countries are involved in the issue of immigration.

-The action expands presidential power beyond its constitutional limits.

Which is a recent example of the Supreme Court checking the power of the executive branch? -The Supreme Court striking down President Nixon's argument that he had executive privilege and would not have to release records pertaining to Watergate. -The Supreme Court upholding President Trump's proposed travel ban on immigrants from Muslim countries in its entirety. -The Supreme Court's conviction of President Bill Clinton and his subsequent removal from his position as president. -The deadlock at the Supreme Court regarding President Obama's executive order that would have allowed millions of undocumented immigrants to apply for citizenship.

-The deadlock at the Supreme Court regarding President Obama's executive order that would have allowed millions of undocumented immigrants to apply for citizenship.

Use the information in this passage to answer the following question(s). On November 20, 2014, President Obama issued a statement removing the threat of deportation for approximately five million undocumented parents and permanent residents who lived in the country for at least five years. Which of the following powers did President Obama use in the scenario? -The informal power to issue an executive order -The informal power to issue an executive agreement -The formal power as commander in chief -The formal power as chief diplomat

-The informal power to issue an executive order

In times of military or economic crisis in America, as the president seeks to expand executive authority, which entity has the most effective check on the executive branch? -The legislative branch -The judicial branch -The American people -Special interest groups

-The judicial branch

Which process demonstrates the balance of power and the ability of the executive branch to check the legislative branch, and vice-versa? -The president has the authority to confirm federal judges that are appointed by the Senate. -The president acts as commander in chief of the army, while Congress may declare war. -The president may introduce legislation that Congress may reject by way of veto. -The president passes the annual budget that is submitted to him by Congress.

-The president acts as commander in chief of the army, while Congress may declare war.

President Smith begins slurring her words and speaking incoherently about dropping nuclear bombs on Russia. What is the most expeditious way under the Constitution to avert disaster? -The president can be removed via impeachment and removal proceedings in the House and Senate. -The president can be removed at the end of her term of office when a new president is sworn in. -The president can be removed when the vice president and a majority of the cabinet advise the Congress that the president is unfit. -The president can be removed when the Supreme Court declares the president unfit upon application of the surgeon general.

-The president can be removed when the vice president and a majority of the cabinet advise the Congress that the president is unfit.

Which is an example of Congress checking the power of the president? -The allowance of President Obama to establish the National Security Administration. -The implementation of the Affordable Care Act as envisioned by President Obama. -The proposal of legislation to expand the number of justices on the Supreme Court. -The refusal of Congress to approve funding for a border wall proposed by President Trump.

-The refusal of Congress to approve funding for a border wall proposed by President Trump.

Which event during President Obama's time in office would have resulted in an increase in overall public approval? -The rollout of the Affordable Care Act -The successful assassination of Osama bin Laden -The discovery of data-mining programs used by the National Security Administration. -The release of suspected terrorists from Guantanamo Bay

-The successful assassination of Osama bin Laden

What is the purpose of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment? -To establish the rules of voting for a vice president -To establish the line of succession should a president become incapacitated -To set term limits for the presidency -To abolish the practice of slavery in America

-To establish the line of succession should a president become incapacitated

In 1863, in the middle of the Civil War, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to free the slaves who were not living in the Union. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation unilaterally due to the increased tension and division within the United States, making it -a signing statement. -a presidential pardon. -an executive order. -an executive agreement.

-an executive order.

In 2018, President Donald Trump made a unilateral decision without congressional approval that banned a firearm accessory known as a bump stock via -executive privilege. -an executive order. -a presidential pardon. -an executive agreement.

-an executive order.

Suppose the president has decided to sign an executive order that would grant law enforcement officers authority to act swiftly and in their best judgment to deport immigrants who did not arrive legally. Such an action is an example of the president acting as -chief diplomat. -chief executive. -party leader. -commander in chief.

-chief executive.

At the end of 2018, the United States government was embroiled in the longest government shutdown in U.S. history, and the House Democrats did not permit the president to issue a State of the Union Address until the government shutdown was ended. Denying the president his ability to give a State of the Union Address impaired his ability to act as -chief executive. -chief diplomat. -commander in chief. -chief legislator.

-chief legislator.

When President Bush mobilized reserve troops to fight against the terrorist threat in Afghanistan in 2001, he was acting as -commander in chief. -chief executive. -legislative leader. -chief diplomat.

-commander in chief.

The authority of the president to act as commander in chief of the United States army is an example of the president's -executive overreach. -informal powers. -enumerated powers. -implied powers.

-enumerated powers.

An American man who has been suspected of radicalizing young teens online and convincing them to join the terrorist group ISIS has been arrested and imprisoned. The president who ordered his capture and detainment did not notify the man of the charges brought against him and has not had a trial to be convicted of any crime. The man is well within his rights to -file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. -sue the U.S. government for violating his Second Amendment rights. -leave prison and go home. -renounce his U.S. citizenship and be released.

-file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus.

Treason and bribery are considered valid reasons for Congress to -declare war on another nation. -impeach the president or any other civil officer of the United States. -refuse to ratify a treaty with a foreign nation. -override a presidential veto.

-impeach the president or any other civil officer of the United States.

The Supreme Court's decision to uphold certain parts of President Trump's travel ban on immigrants from predominantly Muslim countries while striking down other parts of it as unconstitutional is an example of -the executive branch checking the legislative branch. -the legislative branch checking the executive branch. -the judicial branch checking the legislative branch. -the judicial branch checking the executive branch.

-the judicial branch checking the executive branch.

When the president is trying to get members of Congress on both sides of the aisle to support his or her policies and programs through direct appeals like phone calls, the president is -issuing an executive order. -going public. -using the bully pulpit. -using bargaining and persuasion.

-using bargaining and persuasion.

The following question(s) refer to the quote. On July 10, 1832, President Andrew Jackson sent the following message to the United States Senate: The bill "to modify and continue" the act entitled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States" was presented to me on the 4th July instant. Having considered it with that solemn regard to the principles of the Constitution which the day was calculated to inspire, and come to the conclusion that it ought not to become a law, I herewith return it to the Senate, in which it originated, with my objections. A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. . . . [D]eeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating these objections. Which of the following terms describes Jackson's message? -executive order -veto -State of the Union message -signing statement

-veto

Suppose you are the first spouse to the newly-elected president and want to continue the work of First Lady Michelle Obama and champion healthy lifestyles for children and teens. Which initiative do you decide to champion as first spouse? -A campaign to lower barriers of entry into after-school sports programs -An anti-bullying initiative to be implemented in elementary, middle, and high schools -A policy to establish after-school study programs and homework help groups -An anti-discrimination policy to be implemented in elementary schools

-A campaign to lower barriers of entry into after-school sports programs

How many votes are necessary for the whole impeachment process in Congress? -A two-thirds vote in the House and a majority in the Senate -A majority in the House and two-thirds vote in the Senate -A unanimous vote in both the House and the Senate -A unanimous vote in the House and two-thirds vote in the Senate

-A majority in the House and two-thirds vote in the Senate

Why was it important to Alexander Hamilton that there be only one executive leader? -Having decentralized leadership would complicate elections. -Having decentralized leadership would create confusion. -Having two leaders would weaken the ability to protect the nation. -Having two leaders would likely lead to tyranny.

-Having two leaders would weaken the ability to protect the nation.

How does the War Powers Resolution relate to the authority granted to the president and Congress in the Constitution? -It expands the powers of Congress and the president during the crisis of wartime beyond what is listed explicitly in the Constitution. -It grants the president significantly more power as commander in chief while limiting the powers granted to Congress in the Constitution. -It prohibits any executive overreach when it comes to the emergency of war and forces the president to obey the Constitutional provisions granted to Congress. -It upholds the authority of Congress to declare war and limits the power of the president as commander in chief.

-It upholds the authority of Congress to declare war and limits the power of the president as commander in chief.

Which is an example of the president checking the power of the legislative branch? -President Barack Obama's veto of the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline. -President Clinton's avoidance of impeachment in 1998. -President Bush's declaration of war on terrorists in Afghanistan. -President Donald Trump's appointment of Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court.

-President Barack Obama's veto of the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline.

Which United States president made widespread and frequent use of drones during the War on Terror? -President Obama -President Clinton -President Bush -President Trump

-President Obama

The following question(s) refer to the bar chart. nar003-1.jpg What is the most logical explanation for the data on the bar chart? -Republican presidents are unwilling to nominate minority candidates for judicial office. -Minority judges are more likely to be confirmed during periods of economic uncertainty. -Republican presidents are more interested than Democratic presidents in leaving a judicial legacy that extends beyond their term in office. -Presidents tend to nominate judges who match the demographics of their political supporters.

-Presidents tend to nominate judges who match the demographics of their political supporters.

What is the formal role of the first spouse in the United States government? -To bring attention to the issues within a certain policy area -To host fundraisers for campaign donors at the White House -To entertain foreign diplomats at the White House -The first spouse has no formal role in the United States government

-The first spouse has no formal role in the United States government

Term limits were placed on the president through the -Twenty-Second Amendment -Thirteenth Amendment -Twenty-Fifth Amendment -Tenth Amendment

-Twenty-Second Amendment

What precedent would a president be able to cite if they were faced with Congressional demands to release recorded phone calls, transcripts, or records and did not want to hand them over to Congress? -The Twenty-Second Amendment -Executive Order 9066 -Federalist No. 70 -United States v. Nixon

-United States v. Nixon

Suppose a presidential candidate is running for the first time on a platform that includes promises of sweeping health care reform and the public is generally in favor of the proposed ideas. If the candidate wins the election, when should they try to pass health care reform legislation? -Towards the end of their term -Within the first six months of their election -Following the midterm elections halfway through their term -At the beginning of their second term

-Within the first six months of their election

The president of the United States acts as the head of the -executive branch. -legislative branch. -judicial branch. -congressional branch.

-executive branch.

President Obama introduced several new pieces of legislation during his presidency, expanded the government by gaining more power as president from Congress and making unilateral decisions during wartime, received a lot of positive media attention, and worked with a large staff. Such characteristics would make President Obama a -lame duck president. -tyrannical president. -good president. -modern president.

-modern president.

Select the pair of examples that matches the presidential role with the correct enumerated constitutional power. Presidential role Enumerated constitutional power a. Commander in chief Declare war b. Chief diplomat Ratifies treaties c. Chief legislator Gives the State of the Union Address d. Chief executive Issues executive orders D C B A

C