MIS Module 5: Objectives

Define the roles of the database schema, data definition language, and data manipulation language.

Schema: Description defining the database's logical and physical structure, identifies tables and attributes Data definition language (DDL): Collection of instructions and commands, defines and describes data and relationships in a specific database Data manipulation language (DML): Specific language provided with a DBMS, allows users to access and modify the data, make queries, and generate reports

Identify six fundamental characteristics of the relational database model.

- Data is organized into relations - Rows represent entities and columns represent attributes - Rows uniquely identified by a primary key - Column table data - - - Integer number, decimal number, date, text, etc. - - - Constrained to be certain type, length, or to have a value between two limits - Primary and foreign keys enable table relationships - User queries perform operations on the database

Identify four key responsibilities of the data governance team.

- Develops policy that specifies who is accountable for different aspects of the data (it's accuracy, accessibility, consistency, etc) - Defines processes for how data is stored, archived, backed up, and protected - Develops standards and procedures that define who is authorized to update, access, and use the data - Defines set of controls and audit procedures to ensure compliance with organizational and governmental regulations

Define the term database management system.

- Group of programs provided by the DBMS suppliers - Programs used to access and manage a database - Provides an interface between the database and its user and other application programs

Identify two key benefits of enforcing the ACID properties on SQL databases.

- Guarantees the database transactions are processed reliably - Ensures the integrity of data in the database

Identify six benefits gained through use of high-quality data.

- Improves decision making - Increases customer satisfaction - Increases sales - Improves innovation - Raises productivity - Ensures compliance

Identify six functions performed by a database management system.

- Provide a user view of the database - To add and modify data - To store and retrieve data - To manipulate data and generate reports - To provide security management - To provide database backup and recovery services

Define the role of a database administrator.

- Skilled and trained IS professional - Holds discussions with business users -- Defines their data needs -- Applies database programming languages to craft a set of databases to meet those needs -- Tests and evaluates databases -- Monitors database performance and implements changes to improve response time for user queries -- Assures data is secure

Identify three factors driving the need for data management.

- The need to meet external regulations designed to manage risk associated with the misstatement of financial data - The need to avoid the accidental release of sensitive data - The need to ensure that key business decisions are made using high-quality data

Identify seven key questions that must be answered when designing a database.

Content: What data should be collected and at what cost? Access: What data should be provided to which users and when? Logical Structure: How should data be arranged so that it makes sense given to a user? Physical Organization: Where should data be physically located? Response Time: How quickly should data be updated and retrieved so it can be viewed by the users? Archiving: How long must this data be stored? Security: How can this data be protected from unauthorized access?

Distinguish between data management and data governance.

Data management: - Integrated set of functions Defines the processes by which data is obtained, certified fit for use, stored, secured, and processes - Ensures data accessibility, reliability, and timeliness meet the data users' needs Data governance: - Defines roles, responsibilities, and processes - Ensures data can be trusted and used by the entire organization - Ensures people identified and in place who are responsible for fixing and preventing issues with data

Distinguish data from information and knowledge

Data: - Raw Facts Information: - Collection of organized and processed data - Has additional value beyond the value of the individual facts Knowledge: - Provides awareness and understanding of a set of information - Shows how information can support a specific task or be used to reach a decision

Define the term data cleansing.

Detects and then corrects or deletes incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate, or irrelevant records residing in a database.

State the purpose of data normalization.

Eliminates data redundancy

Identify two advantages associated with database as a service (DaaS).

Eliminates the installation, maintenance, and monitoring of in-house databases

Define the components of the data hierarchy including attribute, entity, record, file, and database.

Entity: Person, place, or thing (object) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained File: Collection of entities Attribute: Characteristic of an entity Record: Collection of attributes about a specific entity Database: Well-designed, organized, and carefully managed collection of data to help organization be successful