Mitosis Cell Cycle

Why is it important for cells of multicellular organisms to undergo mitosis?

To produce more cells so the organism can continue to live, grow, and heal

The accumulation of abnormal cells to form a mass of tissue is referred to as a _______?

tumor

Centromere

what organelle is represented by the black area in the center of the sister chromatids?

What would most likely be produced when a cell with 26 chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

2 new cells with 26 chromosomes

What would most likely be produced when a cell with 8 chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

2 new cells with 8 chromosomes

During Cytokinesis what happens

2 new daughter cells are formed

If a parent cell has 8 chromosomes how many chromosomes will EACH of its daughter cells have after Cytokinesis?

8

While in the womb the webbed fingers of the embryo undergo program cell death also known as_________

Apoptosis

How can cells from the same organisms have such different shapes and functions?

Because they are specialized to preform specific tasks.

Why must DNA replication have to occur before a cell can divide by mitosis?

Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA so that the new cell has all of the information it needs to function properly

Organize the parts of the body system from the most basic to the most complex according to the levels of organization in a multi cellular organism - CTOOO

CELL TISSUE - made up of cells working together ORGAN = heart or brain; organs are made up of different tissues ORGAN SYSTEM- example is thec Circulatory system made up by the heart and blood vessels ORGANISM - human, dog, plant

One difference between a cancer cell and a normal cell is

Cancer cells grow uncontrollably Normal cells know when to stop growing

Substances known to produce or promote cancer are called_________

Carcinogens

What are chemicals called that are known to cause cancer?

Carcinogens

How do chemicals increase a person's risk of getting cancer?

Causes cells to divide uncontrollably; Causes cell mutations

Which organelle is critical for cell division

Centromere

Which organelle is critical for cell division?

Centrosome

A cell that is specialized to preform a distinct function of is called__________?

Differentiated

Explain the difference between a stem cell and a differentiated cell.

Stem cells have not yet differentiated - they can become anything Differentiated cells have specific jobs and specific shapes

Why most DNA replication has to occur before a sale can divide by mitosis?

The 2 new cells can have the same amount of DNA

Which principle of the cell theory best supports the idea that new cells will replace damaged cells in a scraped knee or cut finger?

cells come from pre-existing cells The surrounding an undaminaged cells can divide and generate new cells thar were damaged

A cell that has a distinct function is known as a __________ cell.

differentiated

Which level of organization forms the fundamental basis for all other levels in the hierarchy of life?

the cell