MKTG470 Ch.6 study guide

21. If the estimated population proportion is 30 percent based on previous studies, the acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the needed sample size is approximately: A. 323. B. 187. C. 36. D. 212. E. 554.

A. 323

14. Which of the following is true of convenience sampling? A. It is a nonprobability sampling method. B. It is a time-consuming process if there are a large number of respondents. C. It is commonly used in the later stages of research. D. It allows researchers to measure the representativeness of a sample. E. It allows researchers to generalize the data collected to a defined target population.

A. It is a nonprobability sampling method.

Which of the following is true of simple random sampling? A. It produces unbiased estimates of a target population's characteristics. B. It eliminates the need to identify all sampling units. C. It is less costly when compared to systematic random sampling because it can be done quickly. D. It requires that a defined target population be ordered in some way, usually in the form of a customer list, taxpayer roll, or membership roster. E. It does not require the sampling units to be given any special code prior to drawing a sample unlike systematic random sampling.

A. It produces unbiased estimates of a target population's characteristics.

Spectrum Inc., an automobile manufacturer, is interested in measuring the customer satisfaction of car owners. It decides to collect data from new purchasers of Spectrum cars. In this scenario, the new purchasers of Spectrum cars represent a(n) ___________. A. Sampling Unit B. Estimated sample variance C. Sampling frame D. Estimated sample deviation E. construct

A. Sampling unit

19. Which of the following is true of probability sample sizes? A. The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size. B. The smaller the desired error, the smaller the sample size. C. The shorter the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed. D. The higher the level of confidence desired, the smaller the sample size needed. E. The population standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of the population, and its square root is referred to as the population variance.

A. The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size.

10. In optimal allocation sampling, the necessary sample size of each stratum is determined based: A. on the relative size of the stratum as well as the variability within the stratum. B. solely on the stratum's size relative to a defined target population. C. solely on the stratum's relative importance to a study. D. on the number of homogenous strata identified in a defined target population. E. on the number of heterogeneous strata identified in a defined target population.

A. on the relative size of the stratum as well as the variability within the stratum.

22. If the estimate of expected population proportion having a desired characteristic based on intuition is 60 percent, the acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the needed sample size is approximately: A. 187. B. 369. C. 295. D. 196. E. 950.

B. 369.

6. Which of the following is a probability sampling method? A. Convenience sampling B. Cluster sampling C. Snowball sampling D. Quota sampling E. Judgment sampling

B. Cluster sampling

16. Sarah, a researcher, does not have the resources or time to use a probability sampling method. However, she wants to make sure that all ethnicities are fairly represented in her sample. In this scenario, Sarah is most likely to use _____. A. simple random sampling B. quota sampling C. stratified sampling D. cluster sampling E. optimal allocation sampling

B. quota sampling

8. The difference between simple random sampling and systematic random sampling is that systematic random sampling: A. requires a special code to be assigned to the sampling units prior to drawing a sample. B. requires that a defined target population be ordered in some way. C. is a nonprobability sampling procedure. D. is a sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and equal chance of being selected. E. is based on intuitive judgment or researcher knowledge.

B. requires that a defined target population be ordered in some way.

20. If the estimated population standard deviation based on previous studies is 20 percent, the acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the needed sample size is approximately: A. 48. B. 210. C. 61. D. 153. E. 196.

C. 61

13. Which of the following is true of cluster sampling? A. Each cluster is assumed to be representative of the homogeneity of a target population. B. The prospective sampling units are selected for a sample using systematic random sampling. C. Area sampling is a popular form of cluster sampling. D. In practice, cluster sampling is difficult to implement. E. Cluster sampling requires a substantially large budget.

C. Area sampling is a popular form of cluster sampling.

18. In the context of the factors that play an important role in determining sample sizes with probability designs, _____ is the acceptable amount of error in a sample estimate. A. variance B. validity C. precision D. incidence rate E. reliability

C. Precision

Jamie Nelson works for a telephone company. She is interested in determining the satisfaction of the customers with the service provided by the company (for landline customers only). She decides to collect data from the customers listed in the company's existing customer directory. In this scenario, the customer directory serves as a(n)_______. A. Sampling plan B. Element chart. C. Sampling frame. D. Quota. E. Census

C. Sampling Frame.

11. Before polling the students in Scion School of Business, a researcher divides all the current students into groups based on their class standing, such as freshman, sophomores, and so on. Then, she randomly draws a sample of 50 students from each of these groups to create a representative sample of the entire student body in the school. Which of the following sampling methods is the researcher practicing? A. Simple random sampling B. Systematic random sampling C. Stratified random sampling D. Cluster sampling E. Snowball sampling

C. Stratified random sampling

15. A college professor wants to know if the university students in the Unites States will find the new textbook that he has authored to be interesting and useful. He chooses all marketing majors at the school he teaches as his sample. He believes that this group of students will be representative of the university student population in the United States. In this scenario, the professor is most likely using: A. census sampling. B. area sampling. C. judgment sampling. D. quota sampling. E. cluster sampling.

C. judgment sampling.

9. In a systematic sampling study, if the sampling frame has 2,000 names and the desired sample size is 50, the skip interval should be: A. 25. B. 0.03. C. 50. D. 40. E. 15.

D. 40.

23. For a given level of precision and confidence level, a researcher determines that he needs a sample size of 400. The study found that the proportion of people who smoke is 30 percent. For the same level of precision and confidence, he would need the same sample size if the proportion of those who smoke were to change to: A. 40 percent. B. 50 percent. C. 60 percent. D. 70 percent. E. 100 percent.

D. 70 percent

5. _____ sampling is a probability sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and equal chance of being selected. A. Judgment B. Quota C. Cluster D. Simple random E. Convenience

D. Simple random

17. Which method of sampling relies on the assumption that rare groups of people tend to form their own unique social circles? A. Judgment sampling B. Quota sampling C. Cluster sampling D. Snowball sampling E. Convenience sampling

D. Snowball sampling

12. The difference between stratified random sampling and cluster sampling is that in cluster sampling: A. a researcher must be able to secure a complete listing of the potential sampling units that make up a defined target population. B. a large number of respondents are interviewed in a relatively short time. C. the representativeness of a sample cannot be measured because sampling error estimates cannot be calculated. D. the sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations. E. a target population is separated into different groups.

D. the sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations.

24. Which of the following statements is true of the sample size for nonprobability samples? A. The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level before it can be used for nonprobability samples. B. The sample size formula must be adjusted for error tolerance before it can be used for nonprobability samples. C. The sample size formula must be adjusted for population variance before it can be used for nonprobability samples. D. Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples requires a researcher to make statistical inferences about the true population parameters. E. Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples is usually a subjective, intuitive judgment made by a researcher.

E. Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples is usually a subjective, intuitive judgment made by a researcher.

25. In which stage of the sampling plan will random-digit dialing probably be considered? A. Selecting the data collection method B. Defining the target population C. Selecting the appropriate sampling method D. Creating an operating plan for selecting sampling units E. Identifying the sampling frame

E. Identifying the sampling frame

The difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling is that in nonprobability sampling: A. each sampling unit in a defined target population has a known probability of being selected for the sample. B. observed differences in sample findings can be partially attributed to the existence of sampling errors. C. the results can be generalized to a target population within a specified margin of error. D. the researcher is able to judge the reliability and validity of data collected by calculating the probability. E. sampling error is not known.

E. sampling error is not known.

A term "sampling unit" refers to the: a. Target population elements available for selection during a sampling process. b. identifiable group of elements of interest to researcher and pertinent to the information problem. c. Complete set of elements identified for investigation. d. List of all population elements from which a sample is drawn. e. number of units accidentally left out of a sampling frame.

a. target population elements for selection during a sampling process.