MNGT 201 exam 2

Americans tend to suffer from parochialism. T/F

True

Sterotyping

judging a person based on a peception of a group to which that person belongs

global sourcing

purchasing materials or labor from around the world wherever it is cheapest

Parochialism

viewing the world solely thought your own perspective, leading to an inability to recognize different between people.

arguments for social responsibility

- public expectation -longrun profit -ethical obligation -public image -better environment -discouragement of further governmental regulation -balance of responsibility and power -stockholders interest -possession of resources -super-forty of prevention over cures

Where cultures comes from and how it continues

- the original source of the culture usually reflects the vision of the founder -ounce the culture in place certain organizational practices help maintain it

Arguments agains social responsibility

- violation of profit maximaziton -dilution of purpose -cost -too much power -lack of skills lack of accountbility

how culture effect managers

-B/C an organizations culture contrasts what they can and cannot do and how they manage its particularly relevant to managers

how employees learn cultures

-stories -ritual -material artifacts and symbols -language

Workplace Spiritually

A culture where organizational values promote a sense of purpose through meaningful work that takes place in the context of community

Which one of the following correctly reflects the characteristics of the current U.S. population? A) Nearly one in five Americans today is an immigrant. B) The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade. C) The Hispanic community represents nearly one-third of the total U.S. population. D) The Asian population in the United States is presently the largest ethnic group.

B) The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade.

Which of the following, if true, represents a demographic change that will affect decisions future managers make? A) More jobs will be performed by robots. B) The percentage of Hispanics in the candidate pool will increase. C) The unemployment rate is likely to continue to fall. D) More job candidates are likely to have tattoos and body piercings.

B) The percentage of Hispanics in the candidate pool will increase.

Bruce will be making a presentation to the senior management team to encourage them to support efforts to improve the company's diversity policies and practices. One of the more compelling arguments he can use is ________. A) Federal law does not require companies to make accommodations for LBGT employees B) companies with inclusive practices outperformed their competitors C) companies with exclusive practices experienced higher profits D) the company will likely lose market share if it does not improve its practices

B) companies with inclusive practices outperformed their competitors

In today's global environment, managers must have a(n) ________ attitude to be successful. A) polycentric B) geocentric C) ethnocentric D) parochial

B) geocentric

Critics of the WTO claim that ________. A) it favors third-world countries over developed countries B) global trade destroys jobs and the natural environment C) shifting jobs to developing countries harms the economies of member nations D) has too little power to be effective

B) global trade destroys jobs and the natural environment

The OECD was formed to ________. A) raise the standard of living in South American countries B) help member countries achieve sustainable economic growth C) control interest rates and inflation in member countries D) settle disputes arising from trade between developed and third-world countries

B) help member countries achieve sustainable economic growth

Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be feminine? A) being directive B) inclusive C) authoritative D) leading by example

B) inclusive

Caron admits she's a tough cookie. She thrives in an environment in which employees compete against each other for big rewards. It is likely that Caron's culture ________. A) is high in in-group collectivism B) is high in assertiveness C) is high in performance orientation D) is high in future orientation

B) is high in assertiveness

The dominant view in management theory suggests that ________. A) an organization's success or failure is due to external forces outside managers' control B) managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure C) managers cannot significantly affect an organization's performance because they are constrained by the abilities of their employees D) managers' roles are increasingly becoming peripheral and staff manage their own areas of expertise

B) managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure

An ethnocentric attitude stems from ________. A) polycentrism B) parochialism C) geocentrism D) nationalism

B) parochialism

where did industrial evolution began

Britin

________ measures the strength of a person's convictions. A) Moral development B) Locus of control C) Ego strength D) Social desirability

C) Ego strength

Which one of the following would make Mary realize that the company where she works has a strong culture? A) Shared values and behaviors are not connected. B) Upper management sends contradictory messages about what is important. C) Most employees are aware of company history. D) Values are limited to the top management.

C) Most employees are aware of company history.

Miller's Multivitamins uses only organically grown fruits and vegetables in its vitamins. It purifies any water used in its processes before releasing it back into the environment and exceeds the EPA requirements for cleaning particulates from the air it uses. Which approach to green management does Miller's Multivitamins use? A) stakeholder B) market C) activist D) legal

C) activist

Thanks to iTunes and similar websites, sales of compact discs have declined severely, forcing entertainers to seek alternative revenue streams. This represents a change in the ________ component of the external environment. A) psychological B) behavioral C) sociocultural D) economic

C) sociocultural

The day before Disney World in Florida was to open, the sod around one of the resort hotels had not been laid. CEO Michael Eisner took off his suit coat and tie, rolled up his sleeves, and began laying sod. He instructed his managers to do likewise but many objected, saying they did not know how to lay sod. "It's not hard, boys," said Eisner. "The green side goes up." This is an example of a ________ that reinforces culture. A) tradition B) artifact C) story D) ritual

C) story

Which of the following statements is true of the findings of studies on race and ethnicity in the workplace? A) Whites and African-Americans display statistically significant and consistent differences in absenteeism rates, applied social skills at work, and accident rates. B) Individuals in workplaces tend to favor colleagues of a race other than their own in performance evaluations, promotion decisions, and pay raises. C) Whites favor affirmative action programs and policies to a far greater degree than do African Americans. D) African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace.

D) African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace.

Which of the following statements is true of the changing trends in U.S. workplaces? A) People now entering the workforce are significantly older, less ethnically diverse and/or native-born. B) The surge in immigration, especially over the last two decades, has flooded the United States with low-wage foreign labor. C) In most U.S. metropolitan cities, more immigrants are employed in low-wage jobs like construction, cleaning, or manufacturing, than in white-collar occupations. D) Organizations must recognize that they can't expect employees to assimilate into the organization by adopting similar attitudes and values.

D) Organizations must recognize that they can't expect employees to assimilate into the organization by adopting similar attitudes and values.

Elmo Research & Development has been going through a rough patch lately. Turnover has been high and employee morale is at an all-time low. Though employees and competitors hold management responsible for the decline, the CEO does not let the managers go or change the management style. Which of the following could explain this attitude? A) Because the organization has a "take-charge" management style, the employees are responsible for organizational policies. B) The CEO is unresponsive to the criticisms from stakeholders. C) The CEO holds the omnipotent view of management, which asserts that external factors have a significant effect on performance outcomes. D) The CEO holds the view that managers have only a limited role in organization success or failure.

D) The CEO holds the view that managers have only a limited role in organization success or failure.

An organization is said to adopt the market approach to going green when it responds to the environmental demands made by its stakeholders. T/F

False

Employees either agree with the concept of sustainability or they don't; it is costly and ineffective to try to create a culture of sustainability. T/F

False

Licensing is primarily used by service organizations and franchising is primarily used by manufacturing organizations. T/F

False

Most babies born in the United States recently are whites of European descent. T/F

False

The concept of workforce diversity expanded from compliance to an issue of business survival during the early 1980s. T/F

False

To encourage employees to report ethical concerns, managers must make sure the reporting employee knows the outcome of any investigation, including the punishment meted out to the perpetrator. T/F

False

When a firm engages in social actions because of its obligation to meet certain economic and legal responsibilities, it is said to be socially responsive. T/F

False

point For the sake of clarity, the constraints imposed on managers by the organization's culture are explicitly stated in the employee handbook. T/F

False

Mexico is an example of a collectivistic nation. T/F

True

countries in NAFTA

US, Canada, Mexico -an agreement among the Mexican, Canadian, and U.S. governments in which barriers to trade have been eliminated

what country has the most political environment

United states

Hotside five dimensions of national culture. 4- achievement vs nurturing

achievement- values such as assertiveness, acquiring money and goods, and competition prevail -- US, japan, mexico nurturing- values such as relationships and concer fro others prevail --canada and greece between

stakeholders

any constituencies in the organizations environment that are affected

three possible global attitudes -ethnocentric -polycentric -geocentric

ethonocentric- view that home country has best work practices -polycentric- view that managers in the host country know the best approaches -geocentric- world oriented, wants to use best practices from around the globe

Going Global

exporting and inporting

World Trade Organization (WTO)

global organization of 161 countries that deals with the rules of trade among countries

Hotside five dimensions of national culture. 2- high power distance vs low power distance

high power distance- accepts wide differences in power; great deal of respect for these in authority --Mexico, Singapore, france low power distance- plays down inequalities; employees are not afraid to approach nor are in awe of the boss --US,sweden --italy and japan are in between

Hotside five dimensions of national culture. 3- high uncertainty avoidance vs low uncertainty avoidance

high uncertainty avoidance- threatened with ambiguity and experience high levels of anxiety -- italy, mexico, france low uncertainty avoidance- canada, US, Singapore --united kingdom

Hotside five dimensions of national culture. 1-individualistic vs collectivistic

individualistic- people after their own and family interest -- US, canada, australia collectivistic- people expect the group to look after and protect them --mexico, thailand -- japans is in between

Hotside five dimensions of national culture. 5- long- term orientation vs short- term orientation

long- term orientation- people look to the future and values thrift and persistance -- china, Taiwan, japan short term orientation- people value tradition and the past --germany, australia, US, canada

strong cultures

organizational cultures in which the key values are intensely held and widely shared

programmed decisions

repetitive decisions that can handle by a routine approach

diversity skills training

specializes training to educate employees about the importance of diversity and to teach them skills fro working in a diverse workplace

structure problems

straight forward, familiar, and easily defined problems

disability/ abilities

the american with disabilities act of 1990 prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities

religion

the civil of of the civil rights prohibits discrimination on the basis of the religion

glass ceiling

the insible barrier that separates woman and minorities from top management position

Organizational culture

the shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organizational members act and that distinguish the organization from other organizations

classical view

the view that managements only social responsibility is to maximize profit

omnipotent view of management

the view that managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure -you what to work with an omnipotent manager so it can make a diference

symbolic view of management

the view that much of an organization's success or failure is due to external forces outside managers' control EX- sports like lebron and coach making calls

the external environment

those factors and forces outside the organization that affect its perfomance -economic -political/legal ( on the test) -sociocultural -technological -global

social obligation

when a firm engages in social action becuase of its obligation to meet certain economy and legla responsibility EX- warning signs

Age discrimination is prohibited by the Fair Labor Standards Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act T/F

False

Which one of the following is true concerning the impact of organizational culture on ethical behavior? A) An organization with strong culture can encourage either ethical or unethical behavior. B) An organizational culture that is high in control encourages unethical behavior. C) An organization with low conflict tolerance encourages ethical behavior. D) An organizational culture that is high in conflict tolerance encourages unethical behavior.

A) An organization with strong culture can encourage either ethical or unethical behavior.

Mona has been employed at Marten Piano for 11 years as a quality engineer. She just discovered that five years ago a male quality engineer received a higher wage increase than she did even though their performance scores were identical. Under the ________Act, Mona can file a discrimination complaint despite the elapsed time since the event. A) Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay B) Equal Pay C) Civil Rights D) Age Discrimination

A) Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay

________ help anchor the present in the past, provide explanations and legitimacy for current practices, exemplify what is important to the organization, and provide compelling pictures of an organization's goals. A) Stories B) Rituals C) Artifacts D) Symbols

A) Stories

Which one of the following arguments on social responsibility states that pursuing social goals hurts a business's economic productivity? A) dilution of purpose B) long-run profits C) stakeholder interests D) public image

A) dilution of purpose

Despite reassurances from R&D's internal testing lab, Stephen believes the new material for climbing ropes should not be used in their manufacture until it has been certified by an independent lab. It would appear that Stephen has ________. A) high ego strength B) weak ego strength C) internal locus of control D) external locus of control

A) high ego strength

At the ________ level of moral development, individuals define moral values apart from the authority of the groups to which they belong or society in general. A) principled B) preconventional C) vunconventional D) conventional

A) principled

Target's donation of 5% of its annual income to community support is an example of ________. A) corporate responsiveness B) social screening C) social engineering D) corporate philanthropy

D) corporate philanthropy

The single European Union currency is called the ________. A) deutchmark B) pound C) krona D) euro

D) euro

In his exit interview, James, a member of a minority group, mentioned that he had been passed over for promotions in favor of less qualified internal candidates. This situation relates to ________. A) organizational strategy B) deep-level diversity C) financial management D) organizational performance

D) organizational performance

The Corrupt Foreign Practices Act forbids U.S. citizens to offer bribes to officials in other countries, but some of those officials depend on bribes to supplement their meager incomes. This particular dilemma is part of the ________ environment. A) demographic B) cultural C) economic D) political/legal

D) political/legal

A dynamic and simple environment is characterized by the greatest level of environmental uncertainty. T/F

False