Mo Emo Stress Review
Theories of motivation that assert the existence of biological motives to maintain the body in a steady state are called
homeostatic
Research studies indicate that people who are intrinsically motivated as compared to people who are extrinsically motivated tend to
work harder and enjoy their work more
Which of the following are stages in Hana Selye's general adaption syndrome
Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
which of the following situations describes an approach-avoidance conflict?
Anna must decide whether to buy a used car that is in her price range but has several mechanical problems.
Mark, a flight attendant, began his workday in a bad mood. However, by the end of the day, he felt much happier. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, what may have influenced Mark's mood?
Because it is his job to be courteous to customers, Mark smiled at passengers frequently.
Which of the following is LEAST like to affect the immune systems ability to ward off illness?
Being around someone who has a serious case of the flu
Which of the following is the best example of homeostatic process?
Cathy drinks a large amount of water to reduce thirst after a long race.
In the James-Lange theory of emotion, which of the following immediately precedes an emotion
Experience of physiological changes
A tumor that destroys the ventromedial hypothalamus is likely to produce which of the following?
Frequent eating and obesity
Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him. According to the James Lange theory, after seeing the snake, Ted will most likely?
Interpret the snake as dangerous, then feel fear, and then start trembling
Which of the following statements best depicts the concept of incentive theory
Jennifer studies hard because her parents reward her by paying $20 for each superior grade that she brings home.
Which of the following is considered the most basic of needs?
Obtaining food and water
Melvin, a server at a restaurant, is in the middle of a lunch rush. He is completing orders, serving customers, and seating new guests. He has adapted to this level of stress and is coping. Which of the following terms identifies a stage is Hans Selye's general adaption syndrome that Melvin is currently experiencing?
Resistance
Melinda went skydiving. As soon as she landed, a handsome man helped her gather her parachute. Melinda's heart was beating quickly and her hands were perspiring. Melinda inferred that she must be attracted to him. Which of the following is a theory of emotion that would best explain the relationship between Melinda's physiological state and her apparent attraction to the man that helped her?
Schachter two-factor
Lee is about to skydive for the first time. He interprets his racing heart to be the result of his eager anticipation and excitement. This best represents which theory of emotion?
Schachter's two factor
When given a drug that produced general arousal, research participants placed in a room with a happy confederate described their emotional state as happy, while those placed in a room with an angry confederate described their emotional state as angry. Which theory of emotion best explains these results?
Schachter-Singer
Gustav was out for his daily walk when he was approached by a thief who demanded his wallet. He immediately felt an increase in his breathing and heart rate. Which of the following accurately describes Gustav's physiological response?
alarm reaction
A complex pattern of organized, unlearned behavior that is species-specific is called
an instinct
Judy believes that her fate is determined by her own actions. Judy's belief best illustrates
an internal locus of control
Chuck asked Jane out on a date and he offered her two possible options-to see a movie or to go ice skating. Jane felt a bit stressed about making the decision because she liked both activities. Which of the following conflicts was Jane experiencing?
approach-approach
A brain tumor that results in obesity would most likely be located in the
area of the hypothalamus
Adrian loves to do dangerous activities like surfing and skydiving because of the thrill he gets. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains Adrian's desire to do dangerous activities?
arousal
Incentive theories of motivation explain the desire of people to achieve goals in terms of
external stimuli that have the capacity to affect behavior
Individuals exhibiting a hostile type A personality pattern are at an increased risk for
cardiovascular disease
According to Kurt Lewin, an approach approach conflict occurs when a person has to
choose between two outcomes that are both desirable
Which of the following situations poses an approach-approach conflict for a person who listens to only classical music?
choosing to study with one of two friends, both of whom listen to classical music while studying
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer view emotion as resulting from
cognitive labels of physiological changes
Exposure to stressors decreases the effectiveness of lymphocytes in the blood stream, which perform the function of
defending the body from viruses
Paul Ekman found that when Japanese students watched films of surgery, they masked their expressions of disgust with a smile when an authority figure entered the room but not when alone. American students maintained their expressions of disgust both alone and in the presence of an authority figure. Ekman's findings illustrate what he calls
display rules
Shaniqua is a fourth grader who loves to read whenever she has free time. To encourage Shaniqua to continue to read, her parents would best be advised to...
do nothing additional
Which of the following relates most to the lowest level of Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs?
drive reduction
after school, georgia and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George's home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior
drive reduction
Homeostasis is most closely associated with which motivation theory?
drive-reduction theory
Martin has severely restricted his caloric intake for two weeks to reach a goal weight for his wrestling meet. immediately after the meet, martin stops by a restaurant and orders a large pizza and a dessert. This post meet eating behavior is best explained by
drive-reduction theory
Danielle was laid off from her job six months ago and has been unsuccessful at finding a new one. The income from her long hours of temp work barely covers her bills. She has begun to have frequent cold and flu symptoms and has become depressed. Danielle is most likely in the stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome known as
exhaustion
The final stage of general adaptation theory is known as
exhaustion
Pam works hard in school because her parents give her ten dollars for every A she receives. Pam's parents are attempting to influence her academic efforts by capitalizing on
extrinsic motivation
The view that human emotions are universal has been supported by studies of
facial expressions
Nick is smiling even though he does not feel happy. After a short time he feels happier. The best explanation for Nick's change in mood is
facial feedback
A hostile person with a type A personality is most at risk for developing which of the following?
heart disease
Which of the following concepts provides the best explanation for why people seek to put on warmer clothing when they start to feel cold
homeostasis
A genetically programmed action pattern is the ethologist's definition of
instinct
Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful, whereas Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay. Their behaviors demonstrate the difference between
intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Rosemary wants to make the track team because she enjoys running. Her reason for wanting to make the track team is an example of...
intrinsic motivation
Students who enjoyed solving a puzzle were rewarded for doing so. Later, they played less with the puzzle than did their counterparts who were not rewarded for the same task. This illustrates which of the following principles?
overjustification effect
Alfred Kinsey used a method that allowed for extensive information to be collected from discussions with individual participants. The research method that he used, and his research contributions, were
personal interviews; sexual behavior in women
Which of the following correctly lists Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs from bottom to top
physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, self-actualization
Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain
reactions to stress
According to cognitive dissonance theory, human beings are motivated to
reduce tensions produced by inconsistent thoughts
Research has shown that the optimal arousal level of an individual performing a given task is
related to task difficulty
An animal will gain weight when
releasing factors are present
For most of his life, Mike has been overweight. Not long after going on a diet and losing over 30 pounds, Mike gained back nearly all the weight. Which of the following concepts best explains Mikes experience?
set point theory
An example of a primary drive is
sleeping
Karen had been working overtime to complete a project so that she could go skiing at the end of the month. On the day of her trip, Karen got sick with the flu and had to cancel. Stress hormones had most likely affected her immune system by
suppressing white blood cells called T lymphocytes
an individual experiencing a low blood-glucose level would be best advised to do which of the following
to eat a snack
One of the consistent research findings in the area of facial expressions and emotion is the
universality of facial expressions across cultures