mock exam 3

Joseph has a terrarium. It is a sealed container with plants and animals. Inside the container, the plants and animals grow and reproduce. From time to time, Joel puts the terrarium on a balance and gets the same reading, 1525.3 grams.This best supports which law of living systems?

Law of conservation of mass

Kierra is trying to decide which brand of lettuce seeds she would like to use in her garden this summer. After researching, she picked the two best-known brands to test. She decides to test them by planting one of each seed in a small space in her yard; her observations will be recorded so she can compare.What is the best reason why Kierra should consider planting more than one seed from each brand?

She will have more data from each brand to compare.

energy with a wavelength longer than the wavelength of light

infrared radiation

Which of these systems best performs the following functions?1. Control of body's internal environment to maintain 'homeostasis'2. Programming of spinal cord reflexes.3. Memory and learning4. Voluntary control of movement

nervous

Waste management is important for the environment. Waste can cause pollution and disease if it is not handled properly. There are many different methods of waste management to help ease the environmental pressures imposed by waste. Modern methods include recycling, composting, incineration, sustainability, landfill, integration, waste-to-energy, and waste minimization. The planet depends on a successful approach to waste disposal.Landfills are waste disposal sites. They are often man-made depressions in the ground covered with a lining designed to prevent any leakage of waste materials. However, landfills can leak through the base resulting in negative impacts on the surrounding environments. What negative impact to the environment is caused by the production of methane gas in landfills?

air pollution

Which picture shows the correct initial transfer of heat if you drop ice cold metal rods into a pot of boiling water?

b

Students conduct an investigation of the chemical and physical properties of samples of seawater provided by their teacher. Bob tests a sample of seawater that has twice the volume of the sample that Cecilia tests. When the two students compare their results, which data should be the same?

boiling poin

Disorders, such as sickle cell anemia, are the result of mutations of the

chromosomes

The lungs and respiratory system work closely with which system to make sure oxygen reaches all the cells of our body?

circulatory

Meteorologists want to design a system of instruments that will evaluate ocean currents, air temperatures, and wind speed in order to predict catastrophic weather such as hurricanes and cyclones. Before building a working system of the weather instruments, the scientists have built a prototype.The next step in deciding if their design is successful would be to

collect data using a prototype.

Early naturalists found fossils of the same species of plants and animals located on continents that are separated by thousands of miles of oceans. Which geological theory explains this phenomenon?

continental drift

sunspot

cooler, dark area of the photosphere, with a strong magnetic field

Unlike animals, fungi

digest their food before ingesting it

Some circuits inside an iphone are made of gold (Au) or silver (Ag).What property of these metals makes them good choices?

electrical conductivity

The diagram below shows a model of an atom. Which subatomic particle can be found where E is pointing in the model?

electron

A star that begins with a mass 8 to 20 times that of the Sun's mass will

end up with a core too massive to be supported by pressure and come to a violent end.

Magnetic fields on the sun are produced by the sun's uneven rotation and

gases in the convective zone

In the Indian River Lagoon ecosystem, many organisms compete with one another for foodsources. Which organism in the food web competes with the egret for food?

heron

The color of these two fish is determined by the

inherited chromosomes from the parent fish.

Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells containing organelles and a nucleus containing DNA. However, plant and animal cells are different from one another due to their specialized functions. While plants and animals obtain energy in different ways, both must convert their food energy to usable energy in the form of ATP. What organelle do they both possess that is used in making ATP?

mitochondria

When the Moon is positioned between the Sun and Earth, we are seeing a __________ moon.

new

The process of respiration is essential in the oxygen/carbon dioxide cycle. Respiration removes ______ from the atmosphere and produces and releases ______ to the atmosphere.

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Which of these BEST describes the concept of the rock cycle?

rocks are continually changing, and any type of rock may be transformed into another type by appropriate processes

An example of kinetic energy being converted into heat energy is

rubbing your hands together.

Heather places 200 milliliters (mL) of water atvarying distances from a heater. She is exploring how distance from a heat sources affect temperature. Which tools would be most usefulto do this investigation?

ruler, thermometer, and graduated cylinder

Order the terms from smallest to largest.

star, star system, galaxy, universe

The amount of matter that cycles through a food web

stays constant

The Northern Hemisphere has the most hours of daylight at the

summer solstice.

Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through space at the speed of light. This energy has an electric field and a magnetic field associated with it, and has wave-like properties. You could also call radiation "electromagnetic waves".

sunlight warming sand at the beach

Mr. Jones has blood type B and Mrs. Jones has blood type AB. What is the probability that they will have a child with blood type A if both of Mr. Jones's parents were AB?

0%.

This food chain is incomplete. Two groups of organisms are missing. Evaluate the model to determine the other missing groups and explain their role in the ecosystem.

1. Producers that make the energy available to consumer organisms. 2. Decomposers that recycle matter back into the food chain.

According to Mendel's law of dominance, we would expect _________ percent of the offspring to have white flowers.

25

A student is asked to demonstrate the motion indicated by the data inthe graph shown below.If the student demonstrates the motion accurately, what is the totaldistance in meters (m) the student would need to move to match the graph?

8 m

Several bird species feed on a particular butterfly species. The larvalstade of this butterfly feeds on the leaves of a certain plant that growsonly in the deserts of the southwestern United States. Which of thefollowing environmental factors would contribute most to the extinctionof this butterfly species?

A certain fungus destroyed the plant species.

Wildlife biologists are attempting to monitor the population size of the insect pest known as the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) during the summer months. To estimate the total population size of these insects living in a 50 square kilometer forest, biologists have sampled random trees, counting the number of eggs and larvae on each randomly selected tree. Which of these factors MOST directly impacts the accuracy of this estimate?

the number of trees sampled

Your stomach is an organ of digestion. All of the components of your stomach have one thing in common. What is this?

All the components are made of cells.

Earth has many layers. Which of the following describes a process that occurs in these layers?

Flowing rock transfers heat from the core to the mantle

Some scientists propose that Earths continents changed over time, as shown in the maps.Which of the following best support the geologist proposal?

Fossils of similar organisms are discovered in South America and Africa

A beaker of hot water is carefully placed on a cold tabletop. What will happen after the beaker is placed on the tabletop?

Heat from the water will flow through the beaker into the tabletop until the beaker and the tabletop are the same temperature.

Raul and Tyree have open aluminum cans of soda. The can A is left sitting on the table while the other cans B and C are each heated on a hot plate. Can B is heated to a much higher temperature than can C. The students then monitored the cans for expansion. What would be a reasonable hypothesis for this experiment?

Higher temperature causes greater expansion in aluminum cans.

Robert Hooke saw the first cork cells in 1665. He also coined the word "cell" at the same time. During the next 150 years, scientists developed cell theory. They discovered cell organelles and described the cell as the basic unit of all life. One point of cell theory was NOT accepted until the early 1900's. That point was the cells give rise to other cells. For much of this time, many scientists still believed that cells just appeared. That idea was called spontaneous generation. People believed that living cells to develop from non-living things, like meat or soup.Why did it take over 150 years for the scientific community to accept the last point of cell theory: cells give rise to other cells?

Spontaneous generation was supported by religious views of the day.

Which statement correctly describes the diagram?

The products of respiration can be used by plants for photosynthesis.

In the early 20th Century, astronomers thought that the Milky Way Galaxy was the entire universe. In fact, they considered spiral galaxies, such as the Whirlpool Galaxy, to be spiral nebulae within the Milky Way. What could be the reason for this misconception?

The spiral galaxies looked like clouds of gas and dust through telescopes because of their distance from Earth.

Which of the following statements gives the best description about the known galaxies in the universe?

The universe contains hundreds of billions of galaxies

According to the Linnaean system of classification, mushrooms, mold,and mildew all belong to the kingdom Fungi. Why are these organismsgiven the same classification?

They obtain their food in the same way.

Mario was attempting to develop a cure for the flu. Mario gave three test subjects, all sick with the flu, massive doses of vitamin C. All three subjects recovered within a week. Mario concluded that massive doses of vitamin C will cure the flu.Why did the scientific community deem Mario's research to be invalid?

Three test subjects is not a large enough sample size.

Collaboration comes in many forms; there are 4 descriptions below of possible situations. Which is NOT an example of collaboration in the scientific world?

Working with someone, then stealing the results and taking all the credit

Which statement BEST describes the Milky Way Galaxy?

a spiral shaped cluster of stars

Which box in the chart shows an organ system?

S

To drill or not to drill? That is the big question as Americans face climbing gas prices. A group of research scientists employed by Mobil Oil conducted a study on the feasibility of drilling for oil off the coast of California. They researched the impact of oil drilling on near-by ecosystems and investigated the likelihood of future oil spills. According to their data, coastal California would be an excellent location to drill for oil.Based on standard scientific method protocol, what should these scientists have done before reporting their findings?

An unbiased research team should review their methods, data, and conclusions.

Summarize the Venn diagram.

Atoms are the most basic form of matter. They combine to form larger electrically stable compounds.

All BUT ONE statement could describe a scientific theory. That is:

Descriptive accounts of how nature will behave under certain conditions.

Sarah constructed a large-scale model of an building. The model was then placed on a machine called a shake table, which can shake the model with the same force as an earthquake. Which of the following describes the best benefit of using such a model?

It can demonstrate the effect of earthquakes on buildings in a controlled environment without placing humans at risk.

What happens to any matter that is not used by consumers in a food chain?

It is decomposed by decomposers and brought back into the food chain later.

This graph represents the motion of a car while driving over a short distance. Which statement accurately describes the motion of the car in this graph?

It is going backwards fast, then it is going backwards slowly

Which planet has the Great Red Spot?

Jupiter

Shawn conducted an experiment and did not get the results he was expecting. What should he do first?

Shawn should check his experiment for errors and try again.

Which sentence BEST explains why scientists continually make incremental adjustments to their theories?

New observations have to be accounted for in the theory.

The diagram identifies the Trachea, Right Lung, Left LungWhich level of organization describes each of these structures?

Organ

What kind of telescope is located at California's Mt. Palomar Observatory and is the largest of its kind in the world?

Reflecting

Which statement best describes the rocks at the locations labeled inthe diagram?

Rocks at location 3 are younger than rocks at location 2.

Ashley made a paper boat and attached paperclips to the edges. In order to control her boat she used a horseshoe magnet. How is Ashley able to control her boat without touching it?

The boat is attracted to the magnet by the force of magnetism.

Plants cells have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color. What is the function of chloroplasts located inside plant cells?

The chloroplast is where photosynthesis occurs.

Scientists have discovered a pill that, if taken once a day, can reduce chest pains. What would a reviewing committee MOST LIKELY do before approving this pill for public use?

The committee would conduct many trials using actual patients to determine the drug's success rate.

Elaborate on whether this lewis structure represents an element or a compound.

The compound is made up of two different atoms.

We eat food for nutrients and energy. Our digestive system does the work to physically and chemically digest or decompose the food we eat. But how do the nutrients and energy-rich molecules get to our cells? What systems and organs are involved?

The digestive, cardiovascular and lymphatic systems are involved. Digestion is completed in the small intestines. Nutrients, sugars and amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream and glycerol and fatty acids into the lymphatic system.

Alec adds some soil and plants to a large glass jar.He waters the plants and then adds worms, and snails to the jar. Then places the lid tightly on the jar and sets it on a kitchen windowsill.The Law of conservation of mass states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as the system's mass cannot change, so quantity can neither be added nor be removed. Therefore, the quantity of mass is conserved over time.Based on the statements below, which one is correct.

The mass will neither increase nor decrease.