mod 13 functional assessment/ behavior interven plans

example of consequence intervention

- redirecting student towards alternative response: placing soft object near the person's fist to block a hit. - minimizing reinforcement for problem behavior and increase reinforcement for desirable behavior: reinforcing behavior that is incompatible with hitting (reinforcing the good behavior essentially)

what are the types of observational data?

1. anecdotal recording 2. ABC recording 3. event freq recording 4. duration recording 5. latency recording 6. interval recording: whole, partial, or time sampling recording. 7. functional analysis data

IOA calculation formula

= (smaller number of instances of behavior recorded by the FIRST OBSERVER / large number of the instances of behavior recorded OF THE SECOND OBSERVER) x 100= % of reliability.

example

Cindy recorded 8 instances of talking out of a learner, and brian recorded 10 instances. 8 (cindy)/ 10 (brian) x 100= 80% reliability. There is an interrater reliability of 80%

examples of setting events

Feeling sick Feeling hungry Too much noise Room is too hot Being asked to use playground swing after hurting themselves on the swing Seeing a desk after a negative experience in school Seeing nonpreferred person

what % of reliability is enough?

IOA score of 100% is the best. 80% is sometimes reliable enough. ^

define replacement behaviors

a good behavior that replaces a bad one that SERVES THE SAME FUNCTION

Reinforcing behaviors that are incompatible with hitting would fall under which component of a behavior intervention plan? a. Consequence strategies b. Prevention strategies c. Punishment strategies d. Crisis plan

a. Consequence strategies

Undesirable behavior can be reduced by: a. Reinforcing alternative behaviors,using extinction, or punishment b. Reinforcing all behaviors, using punishment, and extinction c. Reinforcing other behavior once the undesirable behavior is eliminated d. Reinforcing alternative behaviors and occasionally using extinction

a. Reinforcing alternative behaviors,using extinction, or punishment

Consequence interventions involve: a. Reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing the display of undesirable behavior b. Reducing undesirable behaviors and punishing inappropriate behaviors c. Reinforcing desired behaviors and reinforcing undesirable behaviors d. Reinforcing undesirable behaviors and teaching replacement behaviors

a. Reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing the display of undesirable behavior AND ALSO REDIRECTING THE STUDENT TOWARDS AN ALTERNATIVE RESPONSE.

Automatic reinforcement is associated most closely with: a. Stereotypic behaviors b. Attention gaining behaviors c. Control-related behaviors d. Avoidance-related behaviors

a. Stereotypic behaviors

Which of the following could be a replacement behavior for cutting in line? a. Teaching to stand in line and wait b. Teaching how to stay on task c. Teaching how to communicate wants and needs d. Teaching how to accept "no"

a. Teaching to stand in line and wait INSTEAD of cutting line. standing in line to wait serves the same purpose.

What is an interobserver agreement (IOA)? a. When 2 data collectors agree on data collected at the same time during a behavior b. When 2 data collectors agree on the function of a behavior based on the data c. When 2 data collectors agree on the existence of a behavior d. When 2 data collectors agree on data collection methods for a behavior

a. When TWO data collectors agree on data collected at the same time during a behavior

what are the 4 main types of data collected during functional assessment?

a. archival, informant (aka interview data), observational, functional analysis data

example: if the function of a problem behavior is to gain an item, what would be a good intervention?

allowing the learner to get a reinforcement of gaining a preferred toy after completing the required task.

example: if the function of a problem behavior is to gain attention, what would a good intervention involve?

allowing the learner to have a reinforcement of having one on one play after a required task is complete.

What is the estimated percentage of self-injurious behaviors that have automatic reinforcement as the function according to Hagopian et al. (2015)? a. 3% b. 25% c. 60% d. 90%

b. 25%

The 4 basic conditions set up in a functional analysis experiment are: a. Alone, extinction, demand, and gain b. Alone, attention, demand, and tangible c. Alone, reinforcement, demand, and tangible d. Alone, attention, demand, and reinforcement

b. Alone, attention, demand, and tangible condition for the functional analysis experiment

Which of the following is a consequence intervention involving punishment? a. Ignoring an undesirable behavior b. Taking away a token c. Being denied the opportunity to earn a token d. Reinforcing desirable behavior only

b. Taking away a token

Michelle is an RBT who is teaching a mother how to implement a visual schedule for her child. What is Michelle doing? a. Overstepping what the BACB allows her to do b. Training a parent how to implement an intervention c. Acting as though she is in charge of the behavior plan d. Engaging in ineffective practices as determined by the BACB

b. Training a parent how to implement an intervention

which of the following statement best describes the desired outcomes of a behavior intervention plan? a. problem behavior will be eliminated so that disruption does not occur and others can learn b. productive behavior allow an individual needs to be met will replace most occurences of problem behavior c. reducing problem behavior will allow others in the environment to see that the individual can engage in appropriate behavior d. problem behavior will be eliminated entirely and the person will be more compliant and productive.

b. productive behavior allow an individual needs to be met will replace most occurences of problem behavior

why is setting events important?

because, changing the environment in any type of way can really affect if the behavior will occur or not. if you alter the setting event, it could help the learner not engage in the behavior associated with the setting event in the first place.

Why are crisis plans incorporated into some behavior intervention plans? a. Because some behaviors involve violence and those in the environment must be made aware b. Because most behaviors that warrant an intervention plan are dangerous and risk must be minimized c. Because some behaviors cause a risk to the safety of the individual engaging in the behavior or others in the environment d. Because authorities need to know what the individual engaging in the behavior is capable of doing

c. Because some behaviors cause a risk to the safety of the individual engaging in the behavior or others in the environment

Placing a soft object near a person's fist to block a hit is a: a. Reinforcement strategy b. Replacement behavior strategy c. Consequence strategy d. Behavior function strategy

c. Consequence strategy

Which of the following could be a prevention strategy for a behavior that involves throwing items? a. Ensuring that noise levels are low b. Maximizing the number of items that are close by c. Minimizing the number of items that could be thrown d. Ensuring that reinforcers are available for on task behavior

c. Minimizing the number of items that could be thrown so that it minimizes the OPPORTUNITY that the learner will engage in that behavior.

Which of the following is true regarding the role of the RBT in the behavior intervention process? a. RBTs design interventions for individuals b. RBTs plan functional assessment tasks c. RBTs implement behavior intervention plans d. RBTs design and implement behavior interventions

c. RBTs implement behavior intervention plans

Variables that are in operation before the display of a behavior and are related to/ cause the appearance of behavior are: a.Consequences b. Replacement behaviors c. Behavioral functions d. Setting events

d. Setting events

alone condition

during the experiment, the learner have to be in an environment free of distractions to see if the problem behavior will occur

what are the two main functions of a behavior?

escape and gain

7. functional analysis data

experimental manipulation of variables to see if the behavior will occur. RBT have to stay and make sure nothing dangerous happen in the experiment.

3. event freq recording and when is it used?

how many times a behavior occurs. used when a behavior don't happen as high in numbers.

what is a functional assessment?

is where you observe the learner and identify the antecedents, consequences of their problem behavior. THIS HELPS IN CREATING AN INTERVENTION PLAN that is tied to the function of the behavior.

what is "over correction" in terms of punishment?

making someone clean their room when they make a mess. give them something undesirable (pos punishment)

7. interval recording - whole interval, partial interval, time sampling

mark down behavior only if it occurred throughout the entire interval (continuous behavior) partial- if the behavior happened at any time in the interval ,it could be marked down. (discrete behaviors) time sampling- behavior must be present at the end of the interval to count.

define prevention strategies

minimizing the OPPORTUNITY for one to engage in problem behavior.

attention condition

must make sure that the learner is getting pos interaction attention to see if the behavior occurs.

when data are being analyzed for a functional assessment, what are the behavior analyst looking for?

patterns

1. anecdotal recording

taking notes on the environment- like location, number of students in the area, temp of the area, noise level etc.

which component of behavior intervention plan addresses how individuals learn new, desirable behaviors?

teaching replacement behaviors

demand condition

the learner must recievemultiple demands from cues to complete tasks in order to see if the behavior would occur.

why is it important to operationally define a behavior before collecting data?

to ensure the data being collected actually focused on the specific behavior of concern.

what are responsibilities of an RBT since they don't DESIGN interventions, but IMPLEMENT them?

we administer functional assessments, we administer functional analysis, and we identify components of a behavior plan and implement it to the learner. while we're implementing it, we collect data, share data, analyze data (patterns), and see if any improvements/ changes need to be made to make more progress.

tangible condition

we have to experiment and give the learner lots of objects and reinforcing items to see if the behavior will occur during the experiment!