MOD 3 - Chapter 9

The safe residual for an oxygen cylinder is ________ psi. a. 200 b. 300 c. 500 d. 1,000

200

What is the percentage of oxygen provided by connecting a high flow of oxygen to the oxygen inlet found on a pocket mask? a. 50 percent b. 21 percent c. 100 percent d. 16 percent

50 percent

The oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed ________ liters per minute. a. 8 b. 4 c. 6 d. 2

6

A nonrebreather mask at 12-15 liters per minute can deliver to the patient what percent of oxygen? a. 80- 90 b. 16-21 c. 24- 44 d. 90- 100

80- 90

Which of the following patients does NOT require the administration of supplemental oxygen? a. A 60-year-old woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who can speak two or three words at a time without a breath b. A 6-year-old male with a history of asthma whose breath sounds are silent and who is drowsy c. A 31-year-old male who is unresponsive due to an overdose of narcotics d. A 24-year-old woman who is breathing 28 times per minute after being in an argument with her husband

A 24-year-old woman who is breathing 28 times per minute after being in an argument with her husband

Which of the following is acceptable for maintaining a seal between an oxygen cylinder and regulator? a. A pop-off valve b. A flexible gasket c. A light coating of lubricant d. Medical grade adhesive tape

A flexible gasket

Which of the following statements BEST describes the exchange of gas in the alveoli?

Air moves into the alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary capillaries, and diffusion occurs

In assessing a patient's breathing, what is your first question?

Are they breathing?

You have arrived at the scene of a call for a "man down." As you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid-60s who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. He is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. Which of the following should you do first?

Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask and supplemental oxygen.

Which of the following oxygen cylinders would be the closest to last no longer than 50 minutes flowing at 10 liters per minute? a. M tank b. D tank c. G tank d. E tank

E tank

Which of the following colors identifies an oxygen cylinder? a. Orange b. Black c. Blue d. Green

Green

What signs and symptoms would indicate inadequate breathing in a patient? a. Increased effort to breathe, increased depth of respiration, pink dry skin, normal mental status b. Rapid breathing, pale skin, and a normal mental status c. Decreased depth of respiration, decreased rate of breathing, hot clammy skin, normal mental status d. Increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, altered mental status

Increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, altered mental status

Before applying a nonrebreather mask, the EMT should take what action?

Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration.

Concerning the use of humidified oxygen, which of the following is true? a. It should only be used when assisting ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device. b. The water in the reservoir should be treated with chlorine tablets to prevent the growth of bacteria. c. It is not of great benefit during short transports but can make the patient more comfortable. d. The water reservoir should be changed on a weekly basis.

It is not of great benefit during short transports but can make the patient more comfortable.

Your 68-year old patient is suffering from COPD; this condition can cause gas exchange interruption by what process? a. it is caused by a long term disease process that blocks blood flow to the alveoli due to arteriolosclerosis interrupting gas exchange. b. Bronchioles are constricted by abundance of thick secretions that reduce the airflow into the alveoli. c. It limits alveoli's capability to exchange O2 and CO2 because the alveoli itself is not working. d. The process of inspiration and expiration has grown sluggish due to the advanced age of the patient and the deterioration of the lung tissue.

It limits alveoli's capability to exchange O2 and CO2 because the alveoli itself is not working.

Why is inhalation described as an active process? a. It requires the diaphragm to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure. b. It requires chest muscles to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure. c. It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure. d. It uses oxygen to assist chest muscles to contract, creating a negative pressure.

It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure.

Which of the following is the best device to deliver high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient?

Nonrebreather mask

Which of the following is necessary to deliver oxygen to patients at a safe pressure? a. Filter b. Float ball c. Regulator d. Flowmeter

Regulator

Which of the following describes why fast respiration may decrease minute volume? a. The lungs may not have the time to fill and exchange gas. b. The rate causes turbulence in the trachea that increases the friction and decreases the amount of air movement. c. It is due to the delay in the movement of the intercostal muscles and the pleural space. d. The rate does not decrease minute volume; it actually increases.

The lungs may not have the time to fill and exchange gas.

Which of the following is the BEST description of inadequate breathing?

The minute volume is less than normal.

Why does a patient involved in an auto crash who has major internal abdominal injuries require oxygen to maintain internal respiration? A. The red blood cells have a reduction of hemoglobin that reduces the amount of oxygen that can be transported. B. A lack of oxygen in the air decreases the oxygen diffused into the bloodstream, which creates an increase of carbon dioxide. C. The swelling of the abdominal space causes the diaphragm to be restricted, which will reduce the thorax space. D. A lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability.

The swelling of the abdominal space causes diaphragm to be restricted which will reduce thorax space.

To calculate the minute volume, you need to multiply what two measurements? a. Tidal volume and respiratory rate b. Alveolar ventilation and respiratory rate c. Alveolar ventilation and respiratory rate d. Tidal volume and dead space air

Tidal volume and respiratory rate

You are transporting a 44-year-old female with chest pain and sudden respiratory distress. She is agitated, anxious, and refuses to have a nonrebreather mask applied. Which of the following is the best option? a. Use a nasal cannula instead. b. Have her breathe into a paper bag to control her hyperventilation. c. Do not make further attempts to administer oxygen as it will only agitate the patient further. d. Consult with medical control about restraining the patient.

Use a nasal cannula instead.

The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called:

Ventilation

A 28-year-old male has been stabbed in the chest with a hunting knife. As you perform your primary survey, you see that air is escaping from the wound. What is the reason for this?

When the mechanics of breathing are disrupted, a negative pressure cannot be created to pull air through the normal air passages and air is sucked through the wound.

When does respiratory distress change to respiratory failure?

When the respiratory challenge continues, the systems cannot keep up with the demand, and skin color and mental status change.

Your patient is a 55-year-old man with a history of chronic bronchitis. You have been called to his home today because of an increase in his level of respiratory distress. The patient is on 2 liters per minute of oxygen by nasal cannula at home. Your assessment reveals difficulty speaking due to shortness of breath, leaning forward to breathe, a productive cough, and a respiratory rate of 32 per minute. Which of the following is true concerning the best course of action for this patient? a. Because increased blood levels of carbon dioxide are the primary stimulus to breathe, you should encourage the patient to rebreathe his exhaled air from a paper bag. b. You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to his tissues. If his respiratory rate decreases, you can assist him with a bag-valve-mask device. c. You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate until his respiratory rate decreases and then resume oxygen administration at 2 liters per minute. d. You should not increase the patient's oxygen flow rate because of his likely dependence on a hypoxic drive to stimulate breathing.

You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to his tissues. If his respiratory rate decreases, you can assist him with a bag-valve-mask device.

Your patient is a 65-year-old male with a history of COPD. He is sitting up and complaining of a severe shortness of breath. You should: a. suction the airway with a rigid suction catheter. b. administer 4 lpm of oxygen via nasal cannula. c. insert a nasal airway and ventilate. d. apply a nonrebreather mask giving 15 lpm of oxygen.

apply a nonrebreather mask giving 15 lpm of oxygen.

You are ventilating an adult patient with a bag-valve mask when you notice that his abdomen is getting bigger. You should: a. apply cricoid pressure. b. decrease the flow of oxygen. c. apply pressure to the abdomen. d. suction the airway.

apply cricoid pressure.

Your patient is a 4-year-old male who was struck by a vehicle and is now unresponsive with an obvious head injury. As you are ventilating him with a bag-valve-mask device, you detect increasing resistance to ventilation. Which of the following should you do? a. check rate of ventilation b. stop ventilation for 1 to 2 minutes to allow trapped air to escape from the lungs c. perform head tilt chin lift maneuver to ensure that the airway is open d. switch to a FROPVD

check rate of ventilation

A 16 year old patient presents with labored breathing and increased respiratory rate, increased heart rate and leaning forward with his hands on his knees. His skin is pink and his pulse oximetry is 96. The patient is suffering from respiratory: a. failure b. hypoxia c. distress d. arrest

distress

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood is called: a. internal respiration. b. osmosis. c. cellular respiration. d. external respiration.

external respiration.

The normal stimulus to breathe is stimulated by the chemoreceptors that measure the change of what two gases? a. Low hydrogen and high carbon monoxide b. high carbon monoxide and low oxygen c. high hydrogen and low carbon dioxide d. high carbon dioxide and low oxygen

high carbon dioxide and low oxygen

For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called: a. hypotension. b. hypercarbia. c. hyperventilation. d. hypoxia.

hypoxia.

What is the extremely rare condition that can cause respiratory depression? a. lungs can react unfavorably to O2 when the concentration is too high for a long period of time and this can depress breathing. b. COPD has changed the stimulus to breathe to the hypoxic drive and high concentration can depress breathing c. high [O2] can depress breathing when patient has an allergic reaction from the O2 d. The eyes can develop scar tissue on the retina from a high concentration of O2

lungs react unfavorably to O2 when the concentration is too high for a long period of times and this can depress breathing

Of the three types of oxygen flowmeters, which one can only be used upright? a. bourdon gauge flowmeter b. hudson gauge flowmeter c. constant flow selector valve d. pressure-compensated flowmeter

pressure-compensated flowmeter

Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected from his vehicle due to striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do first? a. use a bvm with supplemental oxygen b. perform a rapid trauma assessment. c. apply a cervical collar d. Apply a non-rebreather mask with an oxygen flow rate of 15 lpm.

use a bvm with supplemental oxygen

A 16 year old patient presents with labored breathing and audible wheezes, heart rate of 124, respiration 36; he is confused about whether he has taken his asthma medication. What is the treatment for this patient? a. supplement the breaths with high [O2] through a nonrebreather mask b. use a pocket mask, which will provide adequate oxygen to improve the patient's condition. c. ventilate with a bvm with high oxygen or FROPVD d. give mouth to mouth breathing with a nasal cannula, providing the patient with an increase of oxygen.

ventilate with bvm with high oxygen or FROPVD