Mod 3 Nutrition, Exercise, Weight Management, Cardiovascular, Immunity & Infection

To apply the daily food intake patterns in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, an individual should make use of ______. Multiple choice question. Nutrion Facts Label MyPlate Dietary Reference Intakes the FDA Nutritional Guide

MyPlate

Allergy symptoms

Nausea, wheezing, shortness of breath, hives or itchy rashes, swelling, vomiting diarrhea, abdominal pain

Which of the following statements about saturated fatty acids are true? Multiple select question. Saturated fatty acid are solid at room temperature. No bonds on the fatty-acid chain are attached to hydrogen atoms. All bonds between carbon atoms on the fatty-acid chain are double bonds. Saturated fatty acids are found naturally in animal products.

Saturated fatty acid are solid at room temperature. Saturated fatty acids are found naturally in animal products.

What statements about the actions of antibiotics are correct? Multiple select question. Some antibiotics interfere with the production of bacterial proteins. No antibiotics are yet able to effectively inhibit protozoa. Some antibiotics encourage bacteria to grow quickly. Some antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Some antibiotics interfere with the production of bacterial proteins. Some antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Why is it important to consult a doctor before taking supplements? Multiple select question. Supplements are easy to obtain. Some vitamins and minerals are dangerous when taken in excess. Large doses of supplements may affect absorption of some minerals. Supplements are easier to take than prescription medication.

Some vitamins and minerals are dangerous when taken in excess. Large doses of supplements may affect absorption of some minerals.

Which of the following statements regarding toxic shock syndrome are accurate? Multiple select question. Toxic shock syndrome involves the staphylococcus bacterium. Toxic shock syndrome can ultimately cause organ failure. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by a virus that attacks T cells. The toxin that produces toxic shock syndrome causes tissue damage.

Toxic shock syndrome involves the staphylococcus bacterium. Toxic shock syndrome can ultimately cause organ failure. The toxin that produces toxic shock syndrome causes tissue damage.

Which radiation causes sunburn and can damage the immune system and eyes?

UVB

Which statement about the transmission of infections is FALSE? Multiple choice question. Pathogens have the ability to travel long distances. Inanimate objects, such as doorknobs, can serve as a means of indirect transmission. Vectors, such as rats or ticks, are examples of direct transmission of pathogens. Pathogens can be found in tiny particles of dust and then be transferred to a host.

Vectors, such as rats or ticks, are examples of direct transmission of pathogens.

BMI

a measure of body weight relative to height

Which of the following foods are low in energy density? Multiple select question. air-popped popcorn fresh fruits potato chips fresh vegetables

air-popped popcorn fresh fruits fresh vegetables

A blood-filled sac formed by a distention or dilation of the artery wall is known as a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. aneurysm angiogram thrombosis edema

aneurysm

port of entry

applying a bandage on a cut

Chronic conditions commonly associated with obesity include ______.

cancer diabetes sleep disorders

A sedentary lifestyle is one of the major risk factors for which issues? Multiple select question. cardiovascular disease respiratory disease low blood pressure stroke

cardiovascular disease stroke

Which dietary changes can people make to lower their risk of developing cardiovascular disease? Multiple select question. choosing only unsaturated fats eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables avoiding excessive alcohol achieving and maintaining a healthy weight only drinking heavily on the weekends eating more fried foods

choosing only unsaturated fats eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables avoiding excessive alcohol achieving and maintaining a healthy weight

The Adequate Intake is based on the ______. Multiple choice question. RDA for the nutrient Reason: Adequate Intakes are established when there is not enough information to set an RDA for a nutrient. dietary intakes of people that appear to be maintaining nutritional health dietary intakes of people who have experienced a nutritional deficiency

dietary intakes of people that appear to be maintaining nutritional health

Although while genetics increase a person's susceptibility to breast cancer, what are the additional risk factors? Multiple select question. early onset of menstruation having more than two children obesity having a first child before 20 excessive alcohol use

early onset of menstruation obesity excessive alcohol use

Innate

first response

If you are trying to lose weight, what foods should you avoid? Multiple select question. foods with saturated fats foods with empty calories foods with added sugars foods with whole grains

foods with empty calories foods with added sugars

leptin

hormone that tells the brain the size of the body's fat stores.

Fill in the blank question. Moderate endurance exercise can boost a person's ______ function, whereas excessive training can depress it.

immune

Illness symptoms are generally caused by ______. Multiple choice question. the immune response of the body the destruction of lymph nodes by the invading organisms the release of pathogens from the body the destruction of immune cells by the invading organism

immune response of the body

The process of conferring resistance to a pathogen by the administration of a vaccine is called _____. Multiple choice question. allergic reaction immunization incubation vaccination

immunization

pneumonia

inflammation of the lungs caused by infection or exposure to irritants or toxins

C-reactive protein is released into the bloodstream during the ______ response, and high levels of CRP indicated an elevated risk of heart attack and stroke.

inflammatory

Killed virus vaccine

influenza etc

innate: neutrophils

ingest and destroy pathogens

Which antibiotic mechanism of action is the most common? Multiple choice question. inhibition of the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall prevention of the replication of bacterial DNA interference with the production of bacterial proteins

inhibition of the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall

dendritic cells

initiate the adaptive immune response

Overtraining can lead to which of the following? Multiple select question. injury illness metabolic stability excessive fatigue

injury illness excessive fatigue

symptoms of peripheral arterial disease

limited blood flow obstructed blood flow

Foods containing large amounts of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids are ______. Multiple select question. liquid at room temperature solid at room temperature Reason: Foods containing large amounts of monosaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature. gritty at room temperature usually derived from plant sources

liquid at room temperature usually derived from plant sources

lymphomas

lymph nodes

What is the best measure of cardiorespiratory capacity? Multiple choice question. body composition body mass index target heart rate zone maximal oxygen consumption

maximal oxygen consumption

After surviving an infection, people often gain an immunity to that pathogen because some of the lymphocytes created during phase 2 of the immune response are saved as ______. Multiple choice question. killer B cells memory B and T cells suppressor T and B cells helper T cells

memory B and T cells

Lymphocytes that remain in the body for years and remember and fight specific antigens are called ______. Multiple choice question. helper T cells B cells killer T cells memory T and B cells suppressor T cells

memory T and B cells

The nutrient density of food is determined by comparing the calories it provides with its ______. Multiple select question. mineral content vitamin content protein content fat content Reason: The requirement for fat is lower than the amount that most people consume. Nutrient density is used to determine the proportions of essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals that can be more difficult to obtain from the diet.

mineral content vitamin content protein content

Inorganic elements called ______ are needed in small amounts for the regulation, growth, and maintenance of body tissues; they also aid in releasing energy.

minerals

statin side primary effect

muscle cramping

Sarcomas arise from connective and fibrous tissues

muscle, bone,cartilage, and membranes covering muscle and fat

What can occur when muscles are unchallenged? Multiple select question. muscles become weak low back pain decreases bones lose their density joints stiffen energy systems begin to degenerate

muscles become weak bones lose their density joints stiffen energy systems begin to degenerate

Sources of monounsaturated fatty acids include ______. Multiple select question. olive oil canola oil coconut oil safflower oil

olive oil canola oil safflower oil

An obesogenic environment promotes overconsumption of calories while discouraging what?

physical activity

Helpful bacteria do which of the following? Multiple select question. produce vitamins keep harmful bacteria in check release toxins in sterile tissues assist in nutrient digestion

produce vitamins keep harmful bacteria in check assist in nutrient digestion

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

produces stroke-like symptoms

body composition

proportion of fat and fat-free mass in the body

Free radicals are chemically unstable molecules that react with which of the following? Multiple select question. proteins oxyhemoglobin blood DNA

proteins DNA

Bacteria shapes: Bacili cocci spirochete vibrios

rod spherical spiral shaped comma shaped

Pathogen

sewage treatment

What term refers to the physical abilities that contribute to performance in a sport or activity? Multiple choice question. skill-related fitness athletic-related fitness health-related fitness sport-related fitness

skill-related fitness

Most common, carcinomas arise from epithelia:

skin, breast, uterus, prostate, lungs, gastrointestinal tract

Consumption of gluten by individuals with gluten intolerance damages the lining of the ______. Multiple choice question. esophagus large intestine small intestine stomach

small

Dietary Reference Intakes

standards for nutrient intake designed to prevent nutritional deficiencies

A genus of spherical bacteria that are known to cause skin infections, rheumatic and scarlet fever, and pneumonia is called Multiple choice question. rhabdovirus. staphylococcus. streptococcus. pneumococcus.

streptococcus

A sedentary lifestyle is one of the major risk factors for which issues? Multiple select question. respiratory disease stroke cardiovascular disease low blood pressure

stroke cardiovascular disease

Anaphylaxis: symptoms

swelling of throat extremely low BP fainting heart arrhythmia seizures

Cholesterol is a waxy substance ______. Multiple select question. that helps the body synthesize hormones that transports fatty acids that helps the body synthesize vitamin D found in the blood

that helps the body synthesize hormones that helps the body synthesize vitamin D found in the blood

What factor determines which parts of the body are affected by a stroke? Multiple choice question. the area of the brain that was damaged the time delay before a patient receives medical care the age of the patient the type of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) that occurs

the area of the brain that was damaged

When the heart muscle doesn't receive enough blood, which parts of the body commonly experience pain? Multiple select question. the feet the neck the thigh the chest the arm

the neck the chest the arm

blood clot that remains in place

thrombus

The MyPlate icon reminds consumers: Multiple select question. to be active everyday. Reason: The MyPlate icon reminds consumers how to build a healthy meal, but it does not address physical activity. to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals. how to build a healthy meal. to have enough sleep each day.

to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals. how to build a healthy meal.

function of insulin

to maintain proper glucose levels

Physical fitness is the body's ability to respond or adapt to the demands and stress of physical effort. True false question. True False

true

To turn liquid oils into solid fats, hydrogen is added to ______. Multiple choice question. carbohydrates trans fats unsaturated fats saturated fats

unsaturated fats

sudden cardic death cause

ventricular fibrillation

Which of the following statements regarding hantavirus are accurate? Multiple select question. An infection of hantavirus can cause a disease known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The virus is spread via rodent urine and droppings. Approximately 85% of hantavirus cases are fatal. Since 1993, over 600 cases have been identified in the United States.

An infection of hantavirus can cause a disease known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The virus is spread via rodent urine and droppings. Since 1993, over 600 cases have been identified in the United States.

What are the four simple ways to recognize a stroke?

Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence. Ask the person to smile. Ask the person to extend arms for just a few seconds. Ask the person whether they have numbness in their legs or arms.

______ is the training principle that the body adapts to the particular type and amount of stress placed on it. Multiple choice question. Target heart rate Reversibility Specificity Progressive overload

Specificity

Which cancers have been linked to a diet that is high in fat and meat?

Stomach Prostate Colon

blood pressure

The force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels; created by the pumping of the heart and the resistance of the blood vessels.

systemic circulation

The part of the circulatory system controlled by the left side of the heart: the circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body.

pulmonary circulation

The part of the circulatory system controlled by the right side of the heart: the circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs.

Static stretching

The process of passively taking a muscle to the point of tension and holding the stretch for a minimum of 30 seconds

Vitamins

Vitamins provide no energy to the body directly but help release the energy stored in carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

What is an aneurysm?

a blood-filled pocket that bulges out from a weak spot in an artery wall

The Dietary Guidelines recommend that individuals consume no more than 6% of calories per day from which of the following? Multiple select question. added sugars alcohol saturated fats dairy products

added sugars saturated fats

A(n) is a substance that triggers the immune response.

antigen

Some vitamins act as _______, helping to preserve the health of cells.

antioxidants

Which methods can a physician use to identify a cancer's stage? Multiple select question. assessing if any metastases are present assessing the number of primary tumors assessing if the tumor has invaded lymph nodes assessing the size of the primary tumor assessing the degree of metastasis of benign tumors

assessing if any metastases are present assessing if the tumor has invaded lymph nodes assessing the size of the primary tumor

Which methods can a physician use to identify a cancer's stage? Multiple select question. assessing if any metastases are present assessing the degree of metastasis of benign tumors assessing the size of the primary tumor assessing the number of primary tumors assessing if the tumor has invaded lymph nodes

assessing: if any metastases are present the size of the primary tumor if the tumor has invaded lymph nodes

Isotonic exercises: movement with force

barbells weight machines dumbbells body weight

intracerebral hemorrhage

blood vessel on the brain's surface ruptures and bleeds in the space between the brain and skull.

leukemias

blood-forming cells (bone marrow)

How is Zika spread?

by mosquitoes from mother to fetus through sex with an infected partner

What term refers to the ability of the body to perform prolonged, large-muscle, dynamic exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity? Multiple choice question. muscular endurance muscular strength cardiorespiratory endurance physical fitness

cardiorespiratory endurance

Cholesterol important component of:

cell membranes sex hormones vitamin D fluid that coats the lungs protective sheaths around nerves

Which of the following are common reasons for adopting a vegetarian diet? Multiple select question. dental problems concern for the environment religious reasons financial considerations ethical reasons

concern for the environment religious reasons financial considerations ethical reasons

Water-soluble vitamins are ______. Multiple select question. excreted in urine when the body does not need them more complex to absorb than fat-soluble vitamins absorbed directly into the bloodstream stored in the liver and fat tissues

excreted in urine when the body does not need them absorbed directly into the bloodstream

Which of the following increase the likelihood of injury? Multiple select question. exercising while sick exercising without warming up exercising as a part of a regular fitness program exercising every once and a while, without consistency

exercising while sick exercising without warming up exercising every once and a while, without consistency

People with very low body fat may suffer from which of the following? Multiple select question. fatigue diabetes 2 eating disorders muscle wastage

fatigue eating disorders muscle wastage

eosinophils

fight parasitic infections

Vegetarians can obtain vitamin B-12 from ______. Multiple select question. fortified cereal soy beverages spinach or kale supplements

fortified cereal soy beverages supplements

The body needs minerals for which of the following? Multiple select question. growth and maintenance of body tissues maintenance of muscle tone releasing energy regulation of body functions

growth and maintenance of body tissues releasing energy regulation of body functions

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

guidelines designed to promote health through diet and physical activity

indirect transmission

hand washing

What are some of the risk factors for skin cancer? Multiple select question. exposure to more UVA rays than UVB rays use of sunless tanning lotion having experienced a sunburn exposure to coal tar and radioactive materials having fair skin

having experienced a sunburn exposure to coal tar and radioactive materials having fair skin

What are the benefits of developing muscular strength? Multiple select question. helps prevent leg pain decreases metabolism helps keep skeleton in proper alignment helps prevent back pain

helps prevent leg pain helps keep skeleton in proper alignment helps prevent back pain

Overtraining

imbalance between training and recovery

Why is muscular endurance important? Multiple select question. improves sports performance helps people cope with daily physical demands improves posture improves joint flexibility

improves sports performance helps people cope with daily physical demands improves posture

Chemotherapy interfere with DNA in normal fast growing tissues:

intestinal hair blood-forming

In the immune response, antibodies mark extracellular pathogens for destruction by which entities? Multiple choice question. macrophages histamine-inflammators cytokines pathogen proteins

macrophages

Patients who have suffered a heart attack are more likely to have another one if they suffer from which of the following conditions? Multiple choice question. Alzheimer's disease restless leg syndrome arthritis major depressive disorder

major depressive disorder

What are benefits associated with cardiorespiratory endurance training? Multiple choice question. increases VO2max through the short spurts of exercise associated with endurance training increases joint flexibility makes the heart stronger and improves the function of the entire cardiorespiratory system makes muscles larger, increasing the ability to lift heavier objects

makes the heart stronger and improves the function of the entire cardiorespiratory system

The severe, recurrent mosquito-borne infection caused by the protozoa Plasmodium is known as

malaria

What is the best measure of cardiorespiratory capacity? Multiple choice question. body composition target heart rate zone maximal oxygen consumption body mass index

maximal oxygen consumption

Live virus vaccine

measles mumps rubella

Steps put in place by the U.S. government to reduce food contamination include ______. Multiple select question. meat- and poultry-product labels carrying cooking instructions meat- and poultry-product labels with safe-handling instructions paying the medical bills of individuals with foodborne illness pasteurized-milk labels with warnings about potential contamination

meat- and poultry-product labels carrying cooking instructions meat- and poultry-product labels with safe-handling instructions

The most serious type of skin cancer is ____.

melanoma

Phase 3 (elimination) of the immune response, activated T and B cells are transformed into what?

memory cells effector cells

What is atherosclerosis? Multiple choice question. blockage of an artery, leading to pain in the affected limb blockage of a coronary artery, leading to a heart attack hardening of the arteries by calcium deposits narrowing of the arteries by deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances

narrowing of the arteries by deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances

It is possible to lose weight when you maintain a(n) ______ energy balance. Multiple choice question. positive indifferent neutral negative

negative

Longer periods of _____ fasting reduces evening eating. Multiple choice question. nighttime daytime water intermittent

nighttime

Which medication can relieve angina pain? Multiple choice question. aspirin acetaminophen nitroglycerin sodium naproxen

nitroglycerin

For women who take oral contraceptives, which factors further increase the risk of high blood pressure?

obesity long duration of use advanced age

gynoid obesity

pear-shaped (hips and things)

MyPlate recommends eating a variety of vegetables each week from which of the following categories? Multiple select question. root vegetables fried vegetables red and orange vegetables beans and peas dark green vegetables

red and orange vegetables beans and peas dark green vegetables

Fever runny nose fatigue

release and activation of cytokines lymphocytes destroy infected mucosal cells presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines

Anaphylaxis (most serious)

release of histamine throughout the body

Bioelectrical impedance analysis works by using a small electrical current to measure the body's:

resistance

Which is an example of a problem that could be revealed by an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)? Multiple choice question. poor digestion restricted blood flow restricted lung capacity irregular brain waves

restricted blood flow

macrophages

scavenger cells that engulf and destroy bacteria and dying cells

The Healthy Mediterranean-Style Pattern incorporates more fruit and ______ than the Healthy U.S.-Style Pattern. Multiple choice question. red meat seafood grains dairy

seafood

Which of the following foods or food components are Americans recommended to reduce in their diet? Multiple select question. lean meat solid fats sodium refined grains

solid fats sodium refined grains

The method of classifying the ______ of cancer in a patient's body is called staging. Multiple choice question. diagnosis prognosis spread biopsy

spread

Which precautions could prevent a great number of cancer cases? Multiple select question. staying out of the sun controlling body weight avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke being more sexually active

staying out of the sun controlling body weight avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke

Scientists have confirmed that core strength is less important for overall health and performance than core stability and _______.

stiffness

Which of the following is a major role of fats?

storing energy

Muscular ______ is the amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximum effort.

strength

lymphocytes

the cells of the adaptive immune system are a type of white blood cell that carries out important functions in the immune system.

When developing a strength-training program using the FITT principle, what determines the intensity of an exercise? Multiple choice question. the number of repetitions the weight being lifted the number of types of exercises the amount of time applied to muscular fitness

the weight being lifted

arteries have ____ to expand and relax walls.

thick elastic

Individuals concerned about their weight should do which of the following? Multiple select question. purge occasionally practice binge eating think positively eat healthy foods exercise regularly

think positively eat healthy foods exercise regularly

A blood clot in a blood vessel that usually remains at the point of its formation is called a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. subarachnoid hemorrhage thrombus embolus aneurysm

thrombus

What are the main objectives of the 2020--2025 Dietary Guidelines? Multiple choice question. to focus on decreasing chronic diseases to encourage healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity to provide easy-to-read product labeling for nutritional information to serve as a central resource for any American seeking dietary advice

to encourage healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity

In addition to inherited genetic mutations, what are other risk factors for colon and rectal cancer? Multiple select question. type 2 diabetes excessive alcohol use chronic bowel inflammation oral contraceptive use obesity

type 2 diabetes excessive alcohol use chronic bowel inflammation obesity

simplest methods for measuring body fat distribution?

waist circumference measurement waist-to-hip ratio calculation

Android obesity

"apple shaped", fat carried abdominally, mostly in men

Fruit serving

1 cup fresh, frozen, canned 1/2 cup dried

About ______% of women with anorexia die from starvation, cardiac arrest, or other medical complications. Multiple choice question. 30 20 10 1

10

Vegetable serving

2 1/2 cups assorted

There are 20 common amino acids. How many of them are essential? Multiple choice question. 3 6 9 11

9

Which statements about the muscular strength of men and women are true? Multiple select question. Women are typically physically stronger than men. A larger portion of the total body mass of men is made of muscle. Men and women on average have the same overall strength. Per unit of muscle tissue, lower-body strength of men and women is about the same.

A larger portion of the total body mass of men is made of muscle. Per unit of muscle tissue, lower-body strength of men and women is about the same.

Animal dander is a common allergen. True false question. True Reason: Pet dander (dead skin flakes) is the common allergen associated with pets. Their fur does not usually cause allergies. False

Book says it is on page 348 but answer was False.

smokers need more of which vitamin

C

During the processing of whole grain to refined carbohydrates, which of the following occur? Multiple select question. Endosperm is removed. Calories are retained. Germ is removed. Bran is removed.

Calories are retained. Germ is removed. Bran is removed.

Carb makeup

Inner: germ Middle: endosperm Outer: bran

Which statements about the transmission of infections are correct? Multiple select question. Most common respiratory infections are passed via direct transmission. Sexual contact is an example of direct transmission. Touching items owned by an infected person is a method of direct transmission. Direct transmission occurs when a pathogen is carried from person to person by an animal or insect.

Most common respiratory infections are passed via direct transmission. Sexual contact is an example of direct transmission.

Which of the following statements about specific bacterial infections is accurate? Multiple choice question. Most urinary tract infections are caused by E. coli. Clostridium difficile is transmitted primarily by ticks. Tetanus is rarely fatal. Whooping cough has become increasingly common in the United States.

Most urinary tract infections are caused by E. coli.

What statements accurately describe the flu? Multiple select question. New strains arise every year. It can cause a gastrointestinal infection. The common cold is more severe. It is highly infectious.

New strains arise every year. It is highly infectious.

Dynamic stretching

Stretching that involves moving the joints through their full range of motion to mimic a movement used in a sport or exercise to increase joint flexibility, core temp and circulation

Which statement best describes the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? Multiple choice question. The DRIs classify foods and beverages into food groups. The DRIs reflect average food consumption trends and are used to determine serving sizes on food labels. The DRIs describe nutrient intake amounts sufficient to meet the needs of 97% to 98% of the population. The DRIs are an umbrella term for various energy and nutrient standards.

The DRIs are an umbrella term for various energy and nutrient standards.

Which chemical is a probable human carcinogen that is present in many fried foods? Multiple choice question. sulforaphane polyphenol capsaicin acrylamide

acrylamide

Fats in the diet do which of the following? Multiple select question. repair damaged body tissues prevent food spoilage add flavor and texture to food help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

add flavor and texture to food help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

A subarachnoid hemorrhage is a blood vessel rupture that is located on the brain's surface and bleeds into the ______. Multiple choice question. eyes and sinuses brain and lungs brain and skull nose and ears

brain and skull

BMI

correlated to body fat but does not directly measure it

List the phases of the immune response, with the first phase at the top.

dendritic cells helper t cells killer t cells suppressor t cells

Choosing a healthy eating pattern can help not only with maintaining a healthy body weight but also with reducing the risk of ______.

diseases

blood clot that wanders around the body

embolus

A triglyceride is a type of ________ found in blood, and it is obtained from food and manufactured by the body. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)

fat

Hepatitis

inflammation of the liver.

reservoir

killing insects that are hosts to a pathogen

______ is the process that changes food to energy and builds tissue.

metabolism

Flexibility exercise muscle groups

neck shoulders back hips thighs hamstrings calves

adaptive

previous infection

Select all What are symptoms of meningitis? Multiple select question. severe headache hyperactivity low body temperature stiff neck

severe headache stiff neck

veins have ____ walls

thin

About how much of a person's daily energy is expended during food digestion? Multiple choice question. 30% 20% 1% 10%

10%

Obesity diminishes a person's life expectancy by about ______ years. Multiple choice question. 5--10 1--5 20--30 10--20

10-20

What is the average age of onset for anorexia nervosa? Multiple choice question. 14 16 19 23

19

Regular exercise can lower resting blood pressure ______%, which can significantly reduce the risk of hypertension. Multiple choice question. 2--4 less than 1 15--20 8--10

2-4

The AMDR for total fat is what percentage of total daily calories? Multiple choice question. 8--15% 15--20% 20--35% 35--40%

20--35%

Testicular cancer most common in what age range?

20-35

For every 5-unit increase in BMI, a person's risk of death from coronary heart disease increases by ______. Multiple choice question. 10% 20% 30% 40%

30%

Put heat on an injury after:

36-48 hours

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are updated every ______ years.

5

According to MyPlate recommendations, a 2000-calorie diet should include _____ 1-ounce equivalents (a slice of bread, for example) of grains. Multiple choice question. 2 4 6 8

6

Grain serving

6 oz with half being whole grain (1 slice of bread, 1 small muffin, 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal flakes, 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, grains, or pasta, 1 6-in tortilla)

Which of the following statements regarding E. coli is false? Multiple choice question. Sources of E. coli include petting zoos, lettuce, unpasteurized juice, and contaminated swimming pools. All strains of E. coli cause disease. Since 2006, more than 20 multistate outbreaks of E. coli have occurred.

All strains of E. coli cause disease.

Two main types of lymphocytes are:

B cells T cells

What are the effects of not challenging a body physically? Multiple choice question. Back and leg pain decrease. Balance and skeletal support are improved. Cognitive functioning and memory function increase. Bones lose their density, joints stiffen, and muscles become weak.

Bones lose their density, joints stiffen, and muscles become weak.

MyPlate

Choice, a food guidance system to help people apply the DGAs to their own diets. a food guidance system to help people apply the DGAs to their own diets.

Pathogens often responsible for foodborne illnesses include ______. Multiple select question. Clostridium perfringens Clostridium tetani Legionella pneumophila Salmonella bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Clostridium perfringens Salmonella bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Killer T cells destroy infected body cells during which phase of the immune response?

Elimination

Studies have shown that there is a direct correlation between increased physical activity and an increased risk of cancer. True false question. True Reason: Studies have shown that increased physical activity may lead to a reduced risk of cancer. False

False

There is no standardization in the dietary supplement industry.

False: Recall that some manufacturers do attempt to standardize their projects, even though it is not required by the FDA.

Men with diabetes face a greater risk of stroke than women with diabetes. T/F

False: women face a greater risk of stroke than men with diabetes.

______ refers only to the body's content of muscle, bone, and water. Multiple choice question. Body mass index Physical composition Fat-free mass Body composition Reason: Body composition includes the body's fat in addition to muscle, bone, and water.

Fat-free mass

Which statements about the inflammatory response are correct? Multiple select question. Histamine is released to constrict blood vessels during the inflammatory response. Flow of fluid out of capillaries to the injured occurs during the inflammatory response. The release of histamine triggers the inflammatory response. White blood cells attack invaders during the inflammatory response.

Flow of fluid out of capillaries to the injured occurs during the inflammatory response. The release of histamine triggers the inflammatory response. White blood cells attack invaders during the inflammatory response.

Which statement about the development of large muscles in women who do strength training is correct? Multiple choice question. Hormonal differences prevent women from developing muscles at a large scale comparable to men. Women can and usually will develop large muscles when strength training. Women are not strong enough to develop large muscles. Women do not have the type of hormones that build large muscles. Reason: Women have the hormones (testosterone), but at a much lower level than men do.

Hormonal differences prevent women from developing muscles at a large scale comparable to men.

Which statement about the ways in which pathogens can enter the body is false? Multiple choice question. Inhaled pathogens commonly attack the digestive system, causing diarrhea. A pathogen can enter the body through contact with or penetration through the skin. Once a pathogen enters the body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin penetration, it can lead to a systemic infection. Mucous membranes are where sexually transmitted diseases commonly enter the body.

Inhaled pathogens commonly attack the digestive system, causing diarrhea.

What are professional organizations that certify exercise instructors and personal trainers? Multiple select question. International Sports Science Association National Strength and Conditioning Association American Medical Association American College of Sports Medicine

International Sports Science Association National Strength and Conditioning Association American College of Sports Medicine

In which ways does cocaine use increase a person's chance of serious cardiac problems? Multiple select question. It can cause the hardening of blood vessels. It can cause spasms in the coronary arteries. It stimulates the nervous system. It promotes platelet aggregation.

It can cause spasms in the coronary arteries. It stimulates the nervous system. It promotes platelet aggregation.

Which statements about resistance exercise are true? Multiple select question. It is designed to build cardiorespiratory endurance. It is also known as strength training. It is designed to build muscular strength and endurance. Fitness machines are required for best results.

It is also known as strength training. It is designed to build muscular strength and endurance.

Obesity Men/Women

Men: +25% Women: +33%

Essential Fat Men/Women

Men: 3-5% Women: 8-12%

Waist circumference greater than _____ is associated with an increased risk for chronic disease

Men: 40+ inches Women: 35+ inches

Another term for stroke

cerebrovascular accident

natural killer cells (NKC)

directly destroy virus-infected cells & cancerous cells

Why is muscular endurance important? Multiple select question. improves sports performance improves joint flexibility helps people cope with daily physical demands improves posture

improves sports performance helps people cope with daily physical demands improves posture

Fruits and vegetables fight cancer by:

may act against cancer: prevent carcinogens from forming block them from reaching or acting on target cells others boost enzymes that detoxify carcinogens (vit C, E, selenium, carotenoids) - block

What is commonly found on the skin or in the nasal passages of healthy people? Multiple choice question. streptococcus pneumococcal Neisseria staphylococcus

staphylococcus

Which of the following are recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans? Multiple select question. Stay within daily energy requirements. Get nutrients from foods instead of dietary supplements. Consume more refined starches. Consume less solid fats.

Stay within daily energy requirements. Get nutrients from foods instead of dietary supplements. Consume less solid fats.