Module 01: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Systems - The Autonomic Nervous System

The sympathetic nervous system is involved in which of the following actions?

1. Fight-or-flight response 2. Pupil dilation 3. Increased blood pressure 4. Stimulation of the adrenal medulla

Which of the following organs is (are) controlled by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?

1. Heart 2. Urinary bladder 3. Lungs 4. Pancreas

Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is (are) true?

1. Most of the functions of the autonomic nervous system are accomplished through visceral reflexes. 2. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems function together to maintain homeostasis. 3. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems tend to have opposing effects.

The widespread and amplified effects of the sympathetic nervous system during the fight or flight response is due to the fact that ________.

1. each preganglionic neuron synapses with several postganglionic neurons 2. the catecholamines released from the adrenal glands function as hormones 3. a given preganglionic neuron may synapse with postganglionic neurons in other ganglia of the sympathetic chain

Symptoms of diabetic neuropathy of the autonomic nervous system may include ________.

1. urinary incontinence 2. erectile dysfunction 3. lack of awareness of hypoglycemia

Which of the following is part of the autonomic reflex when someone stands up too quickly?

A drop in blood pressure leads to increased sympathetic nervous system activity.

Which of the following statements is true?

Although alpha adrenergic and beta 2 adrenergic receptors bind epinephrine, their effect can be opposite in the same type of tissue in different parts of the body.

Which of the following structures are common to both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems?

Both are comprised of a preganglion and postganglion neuron.

The binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors causes __________.

G protein activation

What type of drug decreases heart rate?

Muscarinic agonist

During strenuous exercise, which of the following is (are) likely to be more active?

Sympathetic and somatic nervous systems

The major neurotransmitter(s)/neurohormone(s) of the autonomic nervous system is (are) are __________.

acetylcholine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine

In the autonomic nervous system, acetylcholine is released by ________.

all autonomic preganglionic neurons and all postganglionic parasympathetic neurons

Activation of ________ adrenergic receptors raises the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in effector cells.

beta 1 and beta 2

Drugs to treat asthma attacks might include ________.

both alpha and beta adrenergic agonists

The sympathetic nervous system can exert effects on specific target organs via the ________.

collateral ganglia

The autonomic nervous system controls organs ________.

exclusively at the subconscious level

CNS areas that are involved in the control of autonomic functions include the ________.

medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, and pons

In the autonomic nervous system, synapses between postganglionic neurons and effector organs are different from other synapses in that ________.

neurotransmitter is released from several varicosities along the axon

Muscarinic receptors are located on __________.

parasympathetic target organs

Similarities between autonomic neuroeffector synapses and the neuromuscular junctions include ________.

the presence of neurotransmitter degrading enzymes

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons emerge from the ________ portion of the spinal cord.

thoracic and lumbar