Module 10 - Drugs and Consciousness - Test

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

barbiturates

Depressants are drugs such as

barbiturates and opiates.

Dr. Brooks seeks to account for the substance abuse of her therapy clients in terms of their abusive home environments, their limited sense of life purpose, and the altered functioning of their neurotransmitter systems. Dr. Brooks is most clearly using a(n) ________ approach to understanding addictive behaviors.

biopsychosocial

When cocaine is snorted, injected, or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria by

blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters.

Amphetamines _____ appetite and _____ self-confidence.

decrease; increase

Repeated use of an opiate

decreases the brain's production of endorphins.

One of the dangers of using Ecstasy at all-night dances is

dehydration.

If heavy drinking follows a period of moderate drinking, people may poison themselves with an overdose because the moderate drinking

depresses their vomiting response.

When deprived of nicotine, smokers experience heightened levels of

distractibility.

One biological basis for addiction involves brain activity in the _____ reward system.

dopamine

The greatest danger of viewing drug addiction as a disease is that this may lead drug addicts to

feel powerless to overcome the addiction.

Smokers with _____ levels of nicotine tolerance are likely to suffer the most severe withdrawal symptoms when they discontinue smoking.

high

With repeated use of most psychoactive drugs, the immediate pleasant effects become _____ and the unpleasant aftereffects become _____.

less strongly pleasant; more strongly unpleasant

Unlike alcohol, the THC in marijuana

lingers in the body for a week or more.

THC, the active ingredient in _____, is classified as a _____.

marijuana; hallucinogen

With synthetic opiate is sometimes prescribed as a substitute for heroin?

methadone

When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. But the stimulant drug _____ can trigger 8 hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria.

methamphetamine

Under the influence of alcohol, angered people are _____ likely to be aggressive than they would otherwise be and restaurant patrons are _____ likely to tip generously than they otherwise would.

more; more

Women who have been drinking alcohol become _____ disposed to casual sex, and men who have been drinking become _____ disposed to casual sex.

more; more

The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called

neuroadaptation.

Morphine and heroin are

opiates.

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called _____ drugs.

psychoactive

Although Max never experiences caffeine withdrawal symptoms, he feels that he needs coffee every morning as part of his daily routine. Max best illustrates

psychological dependence.

A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces

sensitivity to pain.

Cocaine is classified as a

stimulant.

Sixteen-year-old Bethany is becoming increasingly concerned about her use of marijuana on weekends. To reduce her use of this drug Bethany should

stop associating with friends who use marijuana.

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of

tolerance.

The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called

withdrawal

Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in _____ who have _____ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.

women; less

Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?

Ecstasy

After ingesting a small dose of a psychoactive drug, Laqueta experienced vivid visual hallucinations and felt as if she were separated from her own body. Laqueta most likely experienced the effects of

LSD.

After a stressful day at the office, Arthur has five or six drinks at a local bar before going home for dinner. Research suggests that Arthur's heavy drinking will have the most adverse effect on his ability to to remember

the next day the names of the people he talked to and what he said while drinking.