Module 13

3. You are aware that a dog is viciously barking at you, but you are not aware of the type of dog. Later, you are able to describe the type and color of the dog. This ability to process information without conscious awareness best exemplifies which of the following? a Dual processing b Cognitive neuroscience c Blindsight d Split brain e Consciousness

a

Damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce people's ability to a speak fluently. b copy drawings. c recognize familiar melodies. d recognize faces. e see colors.

a

Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce a epileptic seizures. b reward deficiency syndrome. c aphasia. d depression. e neural plasticity.

a

Someone trying to add a long series of three digit numbers is probably experiencing increased brain waves and blood flow to which brain structure? a left hemisphere b right hemisphere. c reticular formation d thalamus e medulla

a

The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ________ has been cut. a corpus callosum b sensory cortex c motor cortex d angular gyrus e reticular formation

a

The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called a lateralization. b hemispherectomy. c plasticity. d neurogenesis. e reticular formation.

a

Which of the following is most likely to be a function of the left hemisphere? a Speech b Identifying emotion in other people's faces c Identifying one's sense of self d Making inferences e Evaluating perceptual tasks

a

A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The individual will be able to use her a right hand to indicate she saw a cat. b right hand to indicate she saw a mouse. c left or right hand to indicate she saw a mouse. d left hand to indicate she saw a mouse. e left or right hand to indicate she saw a cat.

b

Patients with a split brain have had which structure in their brain severed? a Pons b Corpus callosum c Occipital lobe d Cerebral cortex e Thalamus

b

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked to point to the word with their left hand, patients pointed to a HEART. b HE. c EA. d nothing. They were unable to complete the task. e ART

b

Which cognitive neuroscience term reflects the idea that "much of our everyday thinking, feeling, and acting operates outside our conscious awareness"? a cerebral cortex b dual processing c limbic system d interneurons e reticular formation

b

A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere and a cat to his left hemisphere. He will be able to identify the a cat using either hand. b dog using either hand. c cat using his right hand. d cat using his left hand. e dog using his right hand.

c

A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere and a cat to his left hemisphere. Which of the following will he be able to verbalize? a That he saw a dog. b That he did not see anything at all. c That he saw a cat. d That he saw both a dog and a cat. e He will report the shape for a dog but not be able to name it as a dog.

c

Consciousness is a brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus. b the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. c our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment. d effortless encoding of incidental information into memory. e the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember.

c

Research into dual processing provides partial evidence for levels of consciousness similar to the levels first described by which psychologist? a B. F. Skinner b Edward Titchener c Sigmund Freud d Mary Calkins e Wilhelm Wundt

c

Someone skilled at word processing thinks several letters ahead while typing, whereas a beginner must focus on one letter at a time. A novice is most likely using _________ to complete the task. a the limbic system b the right hemisphere c conscious serial processing d unconscious parallel processing e the reticular formation

c

The ability to recognize faces with the right hemisphere but not with the left hemisphere best illustrates a Parkinson's disease. b neurogenesis. c lateralization. d aphasia. e plasticity.

c

What is the interdisciplinary study of how brain activity is linked with our mental processes called? a biopsychosocial approach b social-cultural perspective c cognitive neuroscience d industrial-organizational psychology e psychodynamic perspective

c

When looking at a flying bird, we are consciously aware of our cognitive processing ("It's a bird!") but not of our subconscious processing of the bird's form, color, distance, and movement. This illustrates what psychologists call a serial processing. b selective attention. c dual processing. d brain plasticity. e cognitive neuroscience.

c

Which kind of psychological researcher would be most interested in the research question, "Do people who lose most of their cerebral cortex in an accident still exhibit signs of consciousness?" a developmental psychologist b social-cultural researcher c cognitive neuroscientist d biopsychosocial researcher e behaviorist

c

Which of the following describes evidence for the brain's dual-processing ability? a The right occipital lobe perceives stimuli from our left visual field. b The amygdala shares responsibility for some basic emotions with the hypothalamus and endocrine system. c The brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world. d The corpus callosum allows impulses to travel between the two hemispheres. e The cerebral cortex is divided into two sets of lobes on each hemisphere.

c

A failure to recognize that one's arm or leg is part of one's self is most likely to be associated with damage to the a left hemisphere. b amygdala. c hypothalamus. d right hemisphere. e sympathetic nervous system.

d

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to a use her left hand to point to a picture of a boy. b verbally report that she saw a dog. c communicate that she saw a picture of a boy with a dog. d verbally report that she saw a boy. e use her left hand to point to a picture of a dog.

d

Deaf people who use sign language typically a have a smaller corpus callosum than hearing persons. b demonstrate greater mathematical competence than hearing persons. c process language in the right hemisphere rather than the left. d process language in their left cerebral hemisphere. e recognize facial expressions of emotion with their left rather than their right cerebral hemisphere.

d

If primed with the flashed word foot, the ________ will be especially quick to recognize the word heel. If primed with foot, cry, and glass, the ________ will be especially quick to recognize the word cut. a cerebellum; brainstem b right hemisphere; left hemisphere c sensory cortex; speech cortex d left hemisphere; right hemisphere e left hemisphere; left hemisphere

d

Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the a medulla. b limbic system. c reticular formation. d corpus callosum e angular gyrus.

d

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw a EA. b nothing. They were unable to complete the task. c HE. d ART. e HEART.

d

Researchers use dichotic listening tasks to investigate right-left differences in an intact brain. In this task, a different verbal stimulus is presented simultaneously to each ear. Findings suggest that participants more quickly recall information heard by the right ear. This suggests that a the right hemisphere is the major hemisphere. b the right hemisphere excels in making inferences. c to the brain, language is language. d the left hemisphere is dominant in language processing. e the left hemisphere outperforms the right in perceptual tasks.

d

Someone trying to figure out an optical illusion is probably experiencing increased brain waves and blood flow to which brain structure? a reticular formation b thalamus c medulla d right hemisphere e left hemisphere

d

Split-brain patients have had their ________ surgically cut. a limbic system b hippocampus c reticular formation d corpus callosum e sensory cortex

d

The dual-processing model refers to which of the following ideas? a The thalamus and hypothalamus work together to analyze incoming sensory information. b The brain first processes emotional information and then processes analytical information. c Each lobe of the brain processes incoming information. d The right and left hemispheres of the brain both process incoming messages. e Incoming information is processed by both conscious and unconscious tracks.

e

Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect?" a reticular formation b brainstem c left hemisphere d amygdala e right hemisphere

e