Module 13 Chapter 6 Values, Ethics and Advocacy PrepU

Socialization into the nursing profession may have the most significant effect on: A. values. B. planning. C. documentation. D. roles.

A. values.

A nurse is reviewing The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses. Based on this code, the nurse would identify which responsibilities as being fundamental? Select all that apply. - Restoring health - Promoting health - Alleviating suffering - Preventing illness - Providing holistic care

- Promoting health - Restoring health - Preventing illness - Alleviating suffering

A charge nurse has implemented staff education on nursing values. The nurse would determine that further education is required when which statement(s) are overheard? Select all that apply. - "If you are going to have extramarital sex, please protect yourself by using a condom." - "If that was my mother, I sure wouldn't agree to a no-code." - "I can't believe the client is giving that precious infant up for adoption." - "The gonorrhea test was positive. That's what the client gets for sleeping around." - "Smoking has been shown to be a risk for many illnesses, including heart disease and cancer."

- "If that was my mother, I sure wouldn't agree to a no-code." - "I can't believe the client is giving that precious infant up for adoption." - "The gonorrhea test was positive. That's what the client gets for sleeping around."

Which ethical principle refers to the obligation to do good? A. Fidelity B. Beneficence C. Nonmaleficence D. Veracity

B. Beneficence

Which theory of ethics prioritizes the nurse's relationship with clients and the nurse's character in the practice of ethical nursing? A. Deontology B. Care-based ethics C. Utilitarianism D. Principle-based ethics

B. Care-based ethics

Which statement by the nurse is an example of deception? A. "I am going to teach you how to give yourself insulin." B. "I will administer your pain medication as soon as it is due." C. "This injection of procaine will feel like a little pinch." D. "It is important to get out of bed to prevent pneumonia."

C. "This injection of procaine will feel like a little pinch."

Which example most accurately depicts the ethical principle of autonomy? A. Changing a dressing on a wound as needed B. Transporting a client to a scheduled physical therapy appointment C. Describing a surgery to a client before the consent is signed D. Administering a morning dose of insulin before breakfast

C. Describing a surgery to a client before the consent is signed

Which word is best described as protection and support of another's rights? A. Autonomy B. Paternalism C. Ethics D. Advocacy

D. Advocacy

A nurse is providing care to a client and is preparing the client for breakfast. The nurse assists the client out of bed to the chair and then helps the client open the items on the breakfast tray. The client begins to eat breakfast. The nurse tells the client, "I'll be back in about 10 minutes to check on you. In the meantime, here is your call light in case you need me." About 10 minutes later, the nurse returns to check on the client. The nurse is demonstrating which ethical principle? A. Nonmaleficence B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Fidelity

D. Fidelity

An older adult was just diagnosed with stage 4 pancreatic cancer. The client states, "I am so overwhelmed and I feel like everyone has already decided that I need to be put in hospice care." Complete the following sentence by choosing from the lists of options. The nurse upholds the principle of autonomy by _____1.________ & ______2.________ 1. -offering to answer questions the client may have about care and treatment options - providing emotional support - administering antipyretics for fever 2. - providing the client with the information needed to obtain a second opinion - obtaining routine vital signs - sharing the plan of care only to the health care personnel assigned to the client

1. offering to answer questions the client may have about care and treatment options 2. - providing the client with the information needed to obtain a second opinion

Which scenario is an example of the laissez-faire approach to value transmission? A. Allowing a child to decide not to have an intravenous line inserted B. Telling a child an injection will feel like a pinch before the nurse gives the injection C. Modeling healthy behaviors for adolescents, such as not smoking electronic cigarettes D. Teaching children right from wrong and telling them the reason behind a bad action

A. Allowing a child to decide not to have an intravenous line inserted

A client diagnosed with cancer has met with the oncologist and is now weighing whether to undergo chemotherapy or radiation for treatment. This client is demonstrating which ethical principle in making this decision? A. Autonomy B. Confidentiality C. Justice D. Beneficence

A. Autonomy

Ethical distress is: A. having trouble deciding which of two conflicting ethical principles to follow. B. supporting the rights of a client during hospitalization. C. knowing the correct action but being unable to perform it due to constraints. D. being aware of the principles of right and wrong.

C. knowing the correct action but being unable to perform it due to constraints.

A client tells the nurse that the client does not want to have a painful procedure. By respecting and supporting the client's right to make decisions, the nurse is demonstrating: A. confidentiality. B. altruism. C. justice. D. advocacy.

D. advocacy.

Which nursing situation is an example of an ethical dilemma? A. Administering pain medication as ordered B. Deciding whether to perform cardiac compressions against a client's wishes C. Transferring a client to a step-down unit D. Discussing care of a comatose client with the family

B. Deciding whether to perform cardiac compressions against a client's wishes

A nurse is of the Catholic faith and votes pro-life. This nurse is considered to have: A. moral agency. B. personal values. C. ethics. D. legal obligations.

B. personal values.

What is the term for the beliefs held by the individual about what matters? A. Values B. Morals C. Ethics D. Bioethics

A. Values

Nursing practice consistent with the Code of Ethics for Nurses includes which actions? Select all that apply. - Assuming responsibility for care with limited collaboration with other healthcare professionals - Acknowledging that the client is the focus and center of care and remains a part of the treatment team - Delivering culturally safe care - Protecting the client's right to confidentiality and privacy - Empathizing with clients and establishing friendships when appropriate

- Acknowledging that the client is the focus and center of care and remains a part of the treatment team - Delivering culturally safe care - Protecting the client's right to confidentiality and privacy

What is likely to have the greatest influence on an adolescent's formation of values during this developmental stage? A. Awareness of other cultures B. Peers C. School administration D. Work

B. Peers

A nurse believes that abortion is an acceptable option if a pregnancy results from a situation of rape. What is the best description of this belief? A. Legal obligation B. Ethical principle C. Professional value D. Personal moral

D. Personal moral

A client has been diagnosed with a debilitating neuromuscular disease that has left the client tired, confused, and in pain. Which action(s) will the nurse choose to advocate for this client in planning future care? Select all that apply. - Facilitate involvement of people essential to the decision. - Reiterate the importance of the client making all decisions. - Explain laboratory and radiology findings. - Provide education about treatments. - Offer opinions on care options.

- Provide education about treatments. - Facilitate involvement of people essential to the decision. - Explain laboratory and radiology findings.

Which traits are examples of virtues that can exemplify character and conduct as a professional nurse? Select all that apply. - Trustworthiness - Conflict - Deception - Compassion - Humility

- Trustworthiness - Compassion - Humility

A nurse is providing care for a client with cancer. The client's spouse requests that the client not be told that the client is terminal. The nurse complies with this request. The nurse's action is a breach of which ethical principle? A. fidelity B. beneficence C. justice D. nonmaleficence

A. fidelity

The foundation for decisions about resource allocation throughout a society or group is based on the ethical principle of: A. justice. B. confidentiality. C. autonomy. D. veracity.

A. justice.

A famous actor with bipolar disorder has been admitted in the mental health unit for treatment. A well known news outlet has offered the nurse several thousand dollars to provide information or a picture of the client. The nurse knows that it is their professional duty and legal responsibility to uphold privacy and confidentiality. For each of the behaviors exhibited by the nurse, click to specify whether the behavior upholds the principle of privacy or confidentiality. Nurse's Behaviors: - keeping the door closed while conducting physical assessment - logging off the electronic health record after documenting assessment information - obtaining the client's permission before allowing a student nurse to assist with care - sharing client information only to the caregivers directly assigned to client care - asking the client to sign a medical release form before providing information to the health insurance company

- keeping the door closed while conducting physical assessment (PRIVACY) - logging off the electronic health record after documenting assessment information (CONFIDENTIALITY) - obtaining the client's permission before allowing a student nurse to assist with care (PRIVACY) - sharing client information only to the caregivers directly assigned to client care (CONFIDENTIALITY) - asking the client to sign a medical release form before providing information to the health insurance company (CONFIDENTIALITY)

A nurse is involved in ethical decision-making. Place the steps in the order that the nurse will follow to achieve an ethical decision. Use all options. - Identify options and explore short- and long-term consequences - Determine the effectiveness of the decision and implications for the future - Make the decision - Describe the situation and factors associated with the ethical problem - Clarify that the issue is ethical in nature

1. Describe the situation and factors associated with the ethical problem 2. Clarify that the issue is ethical in nature 3. Identify options and explore short- and long-term consequences 4. Make the decision 5. Determine the effectiveness of the decision and implications for the future

A nurse's friend states, "I admire you so much. I would love to be a nurse, but I don't think I have the courage." Which response will the nurse make? A. "You can work on being more courageous as you learn to be a nurse." B. "You don't have to be courageous to be a nurse." C. "I'm not courageous at all." D. "It is more important to be smart than it is to be courageous."

A. "You can work on being more courageous as you learn to be a nurse."

Which best defines value clarification? A. A process by which people come to understand their own values and value systems B. An organization of values in which each is ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal code of conduct C. A systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct, of virtue and vice, and of good and evil, as they relate to conduct D. A belief about the worth of something, about what matters, that acts as a standard to guide one's behavior

A. A process by which people come to understand their own values and value systems

Which example best describes feminist ethics? A. An approach critiquing existing patterns of oppression and domination in society B. A combination of elements of utilitarian and deontologic theories that offer specific action guidelines for practice C. Attention directed to the specific situation of individual clients viewed within the context of their life narratives D. The formal study of ethical issues that arise in the practice of nursing

A. An approach critiquing existing patterns of oppression and domination in society

Which statement best conveys the concept of ethical agency? A. Ethical practice requires a skill set that must be conscientiously learned and nurtured. B. Individuals who enter the nursing profession often innately possess ethical characteristics. C. A nurse's understanding and execution of ethical practice is primarily a result of increased years of experience. D. Ethical practice is best learned and fostered by surrounding oneself with people who exhibit ethical character.

A. Ethical practice requires a skill set that must be conscientiously learned and nurtured.

A hospice nurse is caring for a client with terminal cancer. The family would like the client to continue aggressive therapy to treat the cancer, but the client has voiced to the nurse that no further pursuit of treatment is desired. The nurse speaks to the family about the client's wishes, condition, and terminal state. This action is most likely derived from which nursing obligation? A. Ethical principles B. Advanced practice licensure guidelines C. Legal responsibilities D. Nursing education principles

A. Ethical principles

A nurse is caring for an older adult who has cancer and is experiencing complications requiring a revision of the plan of care. The nurse sits down with the client and the family and discusses their preferences while sharing the nurse's own judgments based on the nurse's expertise. Which type of healthcare decision making does this represent? A. Shared decision making B. Paternalistic model C. Ethical decision making D. Client sovereignty model

A. Shared decision making

A client continues to complain of pain despite receiving medication. The family states, "In our culture it is acceptable to complain out loud." What would be the best response by the nurse? A. It is fine to complain out loud. B. The pain medication should have worked by now. C. Tell me more about your cultural beliefs. D. Describe your home situation to me.

C. Tell me more about your cultural beliefs.

A nurse is providing care to a client with end-stage cancer. After weighing the alternatives, the client decides not to participate in a clinical trial offered and is requesting no further treatment. The nurse advocates for the client's decision based on the understanding that the client has the right to self-determination, interpreting the client's decision as reflecting which ethical principle? A. Justice B. Beneficence C. Autonomy D. Fidelity

C. Autonomy

A female client is brought to the emergency room with matted hair, bruising, and malnutrition. The nurse suspects physical abuse and neglect. The nurse states, "This happens to many women." Which type of ethical approach is the nurse exhibiting? A. Values clarification B. Moralizing C. Feminist D. Paternalism

C. Feminist

A nurse volunteers to serve on the hospital ethics committee. Which action should the nurse expect to take as a member of the ethics committee? A. Present options about the type of care. B. Convince the family to choose a specific course of action. C. Decide the care for a client who is unable to voice an opinion. D. Assist in decision making based on the client's best interests.

D. Assist in decision making based on the client's best interests.

A nurse reports to the charge nurse that a client medication due at 9 am was omitted. Which principle is the nurse demonstrating? A. Autonomy B. Social justice C. Altruism D. Integrity

D. Integrity

The nurse has identified an ethical dilemma that has the potential to interfere with a client receiving optimal care. The nurse discussed this issue with the charge nurse on the unit. What action should the nurse choose next? A. Report the issue to the hospital medical director. B. Inform the family that the ethical issue has been reported. C. Depend on the charge nurse to handle the issue from this point. D. Monitor for resolution of the problem.

D. Monitor for resolution of the problem.

A nurse obtains an order for a bed alarm for a confused client. This is an example of which ethical principle? A. Conflict B. Confidentiality C. Deception D. Paternalism

D. Paternalism

A nurse is providing care to an older adult client who was just diagnosed with cancer. The client together with the immediate family discuss their preferences with the health care providers involved. The health care providers offer their clinical recommendations about possible treatments. Ultimately, the group arrives at a decision. The nurse interprets this decision-making process as reflecting which type? A. Clinical B. Client sovereignty C. Paternalistic D. Shared

D. Shared

Which is the best definition of ethics? A. The adherence to formal personal values B. The adherence to informal personal values C. The informal, systematic study of moral beliefs D. The formal, systematic study of moral beliefs

D. The formal, systematic study of moral beliefs

Which action would cause a charge nurse to have concerns about a nurse's moral agency? A. The nurse was unable to pass a required dosage calculation examination. B. A family member complained that the nurse was slow answering call lights. C. The nurse often must stay after shift change to complete documentation. D. The nurse was seen at a grocery store after calling in sick.

D. The nurse was seen at a grocery store after calling in sick.

Which is a characteristic of the care-based approach to bioethics? A. The need to emphasize the relevance of clinical experience B. The rightness or wrongness of an action independent of its consequences C. The need for an orientation toward service D. The promotion of the dignity and respect of clients as people

D. The promotion of the dignity and respect of clients as people

Nurses who value client advocacy follow what guideline? A. They make decisions for clients who are uninformed concerning their rights and opportunities. B. They value their loyalty to an employing institution or to a colleague over their commitment to their clients. C. They choose the claims of the client's well-being over the claims of the client's autonomy. D. They give priority to the good of the individual client rather than to the good of society in general.

D. They give priority to the good of the individual client rather than to the good of society in general.

To practice ethically, the nurse should avoid: A. reviewing past cases before making decisions about practice. B. allowing an ethics committee to guide the nurse's practice. C. asking the client's family about their views on caring. D. allowing the nurse's own personal judgment to guide practice.

D. allowing the nurse's own personal judgment to guide practice.

A client is brought to the emergency department by an adult child, who states, "I am unable to care for my parent anymore. Although I would like to, financially and physically I cannot do it anymore." What ethical problem is the adult child experiencing? A. ethical uncertainty B. ethical dilemma C. dissatisfaction D. moral distress

D. moral distress

What would be an example of the nurse practicing fidelity? The nurse: A. provides continuity of care. B. withholds information as requested. C. regulates visitors. D. stays with a client during death as promised.

D. stays with a client during death as promised.

A nurse is preparing a client for discharge from the cardiac unit and observes cigarettes in the client's belongings. The nurse asks the client to consider the client's health and that of the client's spouse. This is an example of: A. moral distress. B. ethical dilemma. C. social justice. D. values clarification.

D. values clarification.