Module 4 quiz

The lifetime prevalence in the US for bipolar disorder is what percent?

4%

All of the following are associated medical issues that reduce life expectancy of a schizophrenic patient except one. Which is the exception? A. Cardiovascular disease B. Eating disorders C. Obesity D. Diabetes E. Metabolic syndrome

B. Eating disorders

Phases of motor category seizures are all of the following except. A. Ictus B. Myoclonus C. Aura D. Postictal

B. Myoclonus

The beginning of the seizure was unknown or was not witnessed by another person.

Unknown onset

True or False. Characteristic of generalized onset seizure (motor category). Skin color turns pale to bluish, breathing is shallow or stops briefly.

True

For women: Low risk drinking is defined as no more than how many drinks per day? And no more than seven drinks per week.

3

Epilepsy reports what percentage of adults with epilepsy have uncontrolled seizures?

56%

Those with depression or at what percentage greater risk of becoming edentulous?

37%

Percentage of people with schizophrenia who die as a result of suicide.

4%-6%

Prevalence of schizophrenia

.03%-.07%

Binge drinking occurs when an individual excessively drinks in a short period, typically for drinks for women and five drinks for men in about a two hour period, increasing blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to ____ g/dL.

0.08

And a meta-analysis of 175 students studies in 63 countries. How many respondents met the criteria for a common mental disorder in the previous year.?

1 in 5

Of the 90% of patients taking anti-epileptic (anti-seizure) drug (AED), what percentage have controlled seizures?

44%

Absense seizure Loss of consciousness or awareness begins and ends abruptly and about how many seconds?

5-30

The world health organization estimates more than __ million people worldwide have epilepsy.

50

Percentage of people with schizophrenia who attempt suicide

10% to 13%

The age of onset for schizophrenia is between which ages? Men tend to develop symptoms at an earlier age than women.

16 and 30

The American psychiatric Association has classified more than ___ types of mental disorders in the document diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5).

200

Gingival hyperplasia occurs in what percentage of persons using phenytoin for treatment?

25-50%

What percentage of respondents had experienced a mental disorder during their lifetime?

29%

Each are true of absence seizures except one. Which is the exception? A. Most common in adults. B. Most common in children and may lead to learning difficulties if not identified. C. Patient has a blank stare, usually does not fall, posture becomes fixed, may drop whatever is being held. D. Attack ends as abruptly as it begins. Patient quickly returns to for awareness, resumes activities, unaware of what occurred.

A. Most common in adults.

Primary method used to prevent and control seizures

AED

Nonmotor seizure previously known as petit mal.

Absense seizure

Known as alcoholism, is a pattern of alcohol use and which one has difficulty controlling his/her drinking, being preoccupied with alcohol, continuing to use alcohol even when it causes problems, having to drink more to get the same affect, or having with drawl symptoms when blood alcohol level decrease or if one ceases to drink.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD)

More prevalent in women and the average age of onset is mid 20s.

Bipolar disorder

A neurotransmitter which triggers the brains reward system. After repeated drug or alcohol use, the brain is unable to produce normal amounts of this neurotransmitter on its own, resulting in the individual to increase their usage of the substance leading to an addiction.

Dopamine

A term to describe a group of functional disorders of the brain characterized by recurrent seizures. Seizures are a symptom.

Epilepsy

Begins in one area or a group of cells of the brain. Examples are focal onset aware and focal onset impaired awareness.

Focal onset seizures

Start with one group of cells in one part of the brain. Patient is aware during the seizure.

Focal seizures

Affects both sides of the brain. Examples are tonic clonic, absence or atonic seizures.

Generalized onset seizures

_______ factors are strong contributors to risk for schizophrenia.

Genetic

Each are structural/metabolic causes of seizures except one. Which is the exception? A. Congenital conditions, such as maternal infection (rubella); toxemia of pregnancy. B. Brain tumor C. CVA (stroke) D. Complication of cancer. E. Metabolic and toxic disorders, including lead exposure, alcoholism, and other drug addictions; alcohol and/or drug withdrawal. F. Perinatal injuries G. Trauma (head injury) H. Infection (meningitis, encephalitis, opportunistic infections of human immunodeficiency virus) I. None of the above are exceptions. J. All of the above are exceptions.

I. None of the above are exceptions.

Seizures are generally unprovoked and involuntary, but ________ may precipitate an epileptic seizure.

Triggers

May occur in an absence seizure. Patient may have rhythmic twitching of the eyelids, eyebrows, head, or chewing movements.

Myoclonus

Combined with pharmacotherapy is more effective than either one alone for treating depressive disorders. •CBT • problem-solving therapy • psychodynamic therapy •Interpersonal psychotherapy

Psychotherapy

Most common class of mental disorders in the general population.

anxiety disorders

Herbal supplements such as ginkgo biloba, St. John's wart, and some essential oil's may also affect dental treatment, for example, causing increased ________.

bleeding

Refers to weakened muscles.

atonic

A sensory stimulus, a visual disturbance numbness, tingling, switching, or stiffness of muscles.

aura

Focal onset impaired awareness means the patient is ________.

confused

If the patient ______________, such as hallucinations or exhibits bizarre behavior, during a dental or dental hygiene appointment, immediate referral is needed.

decompensates

Used in severe major depression disorder when pharmacologic therapy and psychotherapy have not been effective. It is also indicated in situations where an immediate response is needed, such as for someone who is suicidal.

electroconvulsive therapy

Persistent, pervasive anxiety and excessive worry, but are not associated with like threatening fears or attacks.

generalized anxiety disorder

Side effect of phenytoin (Dilantin)

gingival hyperplasia

Typically used in conjunction with other psychotherapies it is helpful in the maintenance phase of BD. Focus is on helping individuals to maintain, consistent daily routines to promote stability in mood.

interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

The goal of this diet is to induce fat metabolism by maintaining a diet high in fat and low in carbs. The diet has been shown to be effective treatment for patients with epilepsy, particularly children.

ketogenic diet

gingival overgrowth/gingival hyperplasia is more likely to affect which gingivae?

maxillary anterior

Best time to schedule appointment for a patient with anxiety disorders

morning

frequent intrusive thoughts and compulsive actions

obsessive-compulsive disorder

an anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, and repeat it episodes of extreme fear and (panic attacks)

panic disorder

A seizure is a __________ event resulting from abnormal brain activity.

paroxysmal

May involve loss of consciousness or awareness or impaired awareness with or without compulsive movements or spasms.

seizure

Seizure may continue without recovery and progress to ______ ___________, meaning lasting more than five minutes or experiencing two more seizures within a five minute period.

status epilepticus

Known as a convulsive or grand mal seizures. Loss of consciousness or awareness is sudden and complete; the patient becomes stiff and falls or may slide out of the dental chair.

tonic-clonic seizure