Module test #11 (34-38) OBGYN

Which of these steps is included in the emergency care of a pediatric patient with​ epiglottitis? A. Avoid agitating the child with unnecessary assessment and treatment B. Suctioning the airway as needed C. Inserting an oropharyngeal airway D. Positioning the child in a supine position

A. Avoid agitating the child with unnecessary assessment and treatment

Which of the following structures serves as the division between the thoracic and abdominal​ cavities? A. Diaphragm B. Visceral peritoneum C. Parietal pleura D. Pleural lining

A. Diaphragm

You have arrived on the scene of a child with reported difficulty breathing. The patient is a​ 4-year-old male child who is sitting on the​ floor, putting together a puzzle with his mother. One of the FIRST things that you notice is that the child is grunting with each expiration. Which choice is the cause of the grunting that you should​ suspect? A. He is having difficulty keeping his lower airways open B. He is absorbed in play C. Sinus drainage D. He is not toilet trained

A. He is having difficulty keeping his lower airways open

What mechanism accounts for about half of all traumas in​ pregnancy? A. Motor vehicle crashes B. Falls C. Domestic violence D. Burns

A. Motor vehicle crashes

When assessing a​ child's appearance in the Pediatric Assessment​ Triangle, what is meant by assessing the​ patient's tone? A. Muscle tone and movement B. Apparent mood or emotion C. Pitch of the voice or cry D. Skin color

A. Muscle tone and movement

As a review of the anatomy of the abdominal​ cavity, which of the following is​ TRUE? A. Solid organs include the pancreas and kidneys. B. The visceral peritoneum adheres to the walls of the abdominal cavity. C. Organs that lie in the upper portion of the abdomen are called retroperitoneal. D. The gallbladder and spleen are examples of solid organs.

A. Solid organs include the pancreas and kidneys. This is the correct answer.

When faced with the possibility of delivering​ twins, the EMT must remember​ that: A. The second infant may be born breech B. Twins are typically born after 40​ weeks' gestation, making them larger C. There will be only one umbilical cord that needs to be cut D. Both babies are typically in the vaginal canal at the same time

A. The second infant may be born breech

A​ 31-year-old female in her third trimester of pregnancy lost her balance and fell down a flight of stairs. Treatment included spinal motion precautions and oxygen therapy. When transporting​ her, the EMT​ should: A. Tilt the long spine board to the left B. Transport her on her right side C. Transport her to her​ obstetrician's office D. Transport her in a supine position without a cervical collar in place

A. Tilt the long spine board to the left

The appearance part of the pediatric assessment triangle refers to the​ child's A. mental status. B. skin temperature. C. facial grimacing. D. skin color.

A. mental status.

The EMT shows that he can accurately differentiate placenta previa from abruptio placentae when he​ states: A. ​"Bleeding associated with abruptio placentae is typically associated with abdominal​ pain; bleeding associated with placenta previa is​ painless." B. ​"Abruptio placentae rarely results in the death of the​ baby; the mortality rate of placenta previa is​ high." C. ​"Abruptio placentae typically occurs in the first and second​ trimesters; placenta previa occurs in the third​ trimester." D. ​"The blood lost with placenta previa is dark​ red; the color of blood associated with abruptio placentae is bright​ red."

A. ​"Bleeding associated with abruptio placentae is typically associated with abdominal​ pain; bleeding associated with placenta previa is​ painless."

You are transporting a female patient who is seven months pregnant. She has been diagnosed with preeclampsia and is currently hypertensive. Which statement made by the patient indicates she may be transitioning from preeclampsia to​ eclampsia? A. ​"I feel like I am going to have a​ seizure." B. ​"I have gained 10 pounds just this​ month." C. ​"I think that I may have to​ vomit." D. ​"My legs and feet are more​ swollen."

A. ​"I feel like I am going to have a​ seizure."

Which statement regarding the​ placenta, made by your EMT partner while reviewing the​ OB/GYN protocols, is most​ accurate? A. ​"The placenta typically delivers itself within 20 minutes of the birth of the​ baby." B. ​"It is essential that the mother not be moved until the placenta has been​ delivered." C. ​"The placenta is full of bacteria and should not be transported in the ambulance near the​ baby." D. ​"The EMT must deliver the placenta by applying gentle pressure to the abdomen after the baby has been​ born."

A. ​"The placenta typically delivers itself within 20 minutes of the birth of the​ baby."

What is the typical duration of the FIRST stage of labor in​ first-time mothers? A. 1 to 2 days B. 8 to 10 hours C. 5 to 7 hours D. 12 to 15 hours

B. 8 to 10 hours

You are assessing a female patient who informs you that she has been pregnant four times before but delivered only once. What would be a correct way to document that information on the prehospital care​ report? A. Gravida​ III; para I B. Gravida​ IV; para I C. Para​ III; gravida I D. Para​ IV; gravida I

B. Gravida​ IV; para I

A​ 74-year-old female complains of abdominal pain after falling down five stairs off her front porch and striking her abdomen and left hand on a mailbox at the bottom. The patient also reports pain in her left wrist and right​ ankle, both of which show obvious deformity. She is alert and​ oriented, and her abdomen is free of bruising but tender in the left upper and lower quadrants. Her vital signs are​ pulse, 132​ beats/min; respirations, 22​ breaths/min; blood​ pressure, 106/86​ mmHg; and initial​ SpO2, 93% on room air. Oxygen has been​ applied, and the patient has full spine motion restriction precautions in place. Advanced life support has been requested and is 12 minutes away from your current location. What is your next​ action? A. Apply ice to the wrist and ankle while awaiting arrival of the ALS unit B. Initiate immediate transport and intercept with the ALS unit C. Secure the wrist and ankle to board​ splints, initiate​ transport, and cancel the ALS unit D. Monitor the patient and wait for ALS assistance

B. Initiate immediate transport and intercept with the ALS unit

During a continuing education session on​ OB/GYN topics, the EMT would recognize which statement about the umbilical cord as​ true? A. It connects the placenta and the uterus B. It contains one vein and two arteries C. It detoxifies blood before its delivery to the baby D. It produces hormones for the baby

B. It contains one vein and two arteries

Which statement BEST describes the​ cervix? A. It is the inner lining of the uterus. B. It is the​ narrow, lower​ end, or​ "neck" of the uterus. C. It is the opening at the junction of the uterus and fallopian tube. D. It is the duct through which an egg released from the ovary travels to the uterus.

B. It is the​ narrow, lower​ end, or​ "neck" of the uterus.

The mother of a​ 4-year-old boy states that he fell off the top bunk bed and hit his head. After​ falling, he appeared to seize for approximately 30 seconds.​ Currently, he has nonpurposeful movement to painful​ stimuli, with a patent airway and slow respirations. His radial pulse is​ intact, and his skin is warm and dry. You note urinary incontinence. After taking manual spine motion restriction​ precautions, what should you do​ next? A. Perform a​ head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and administer​ high-concentration oxygen B. Perform a​ jaw-thrust maneuver and start positive pressure ventilation C. Apply​ oxygen, provide full spinal motion restriction​ precautions, and then initiate rapid transport D. Insert an oropharyngeal airway and provide​ high-concentration oxygen

B. Perform a​ jaw-thrust maneuver and start positive pressure ventilation

A​ 78-year-old male pedestrian was struck by a car at a convenience store. The patient is conscious but​ confused, and has sustained multisystem trauma. What would represent the best sequence of care for this​ patient? A. Primary​ assessment, oxygen, secondary​ assessment, cervical​ collar, and all other care en route to the hospital B. Primary​ assessment, oxygen, secondary​ assessment, spine motion restriction​ precautions, and all other care en route to the hospital C. Primary​ assessment, spine motion​ restriction, and all other care en route to the hospital D. Primary​ assessment, oxygen, secondary​ assessment, and all other care en route to the hospital

B. Primary​ assessment, oxygen, secondary​ assessment, spine motion restriction​ precautions, and all other care en route to the hospital

Which of the following is the correct definition of Kehr​ sign? A. Abdominal distention due to a ruptured diaphragm B. Referred pain to the shoulder caused by abdominal bleeding C. Bruising around the umbilicus D. Increased gastric sounds due to intraperitoneal injury

B. Referred pain to the shoulder caused by abdominal bleeding

You have been called to a home for a female in labor. On​ scene, the family tells you that the​ 37-year-old patient is 42 weeks pregnant and wanted to have her baby at home naturally. The patient has been in labor for more than 24​ hours, but suddenly began complaining of severe and tearing abdominal pain. Which condition should the EMT​ suspect? A. Placenta previa B. Ruptured uterus C. Preeclampsia D. Ectopic pregnancy

B. Ruptured uterus

Despite positive pressure​ ventilation, a term​ newborn's heart rate has decreased from 80 beats per minute to 40 beats per minute. He is breathing spontaneously but shallowly at 40 breaths per minute and has a mottled appearance. Your next action would be​ to: A. Suction the nose and mouth B. Start external chest compressions C. Attach an AED with pediatric pads D. Continue positive pressure ventilation

B. Start external chest compressions

How can blunt abdominal trauma to the pregnant female cause fetal​ death? A. The head of the fetus will​ flex, causing airway occlusion. B. The placenta tears away from the uterus. C. It will cause the umbilical cord to burst D. The baby will sustain long bone fractures.

B. The placenta tears away from the uterus.

What type of abdominal organ is the vena​ cava? A. Hollow B. Vascular C. Cutaneous D. Solid

B. Vascular

The mother of a​ 3-year-old boy has called 911 because her son has a​ low-grade fever and difficulty breathing. On​ scene, the mother tells you that she is a licensed practical nurse​ (LPN), and that she suspects her son is suffering from croup. Which statement made by the mother would reinforce this​ suspicion? A. ​"When I turn the air conditioner​ on, he becomes more short of​ breath." B. ​"At night, he seems to get a​ barking-like cough." C. ​"There are times when he continually​ drools." D. ​"When he is short of​ breath, his heart rate​ increases."

B. ​"At night, he seems to get a​ barking-like cough."

You have been called for a​ 35-year-old female who is experiencing vaginal spotting. The patient states that she has noted the discharge of blood from her vagina and is concerned because she is 36 weeks pregnant. She has also experienced some abdominal​ pain, which she describes as​ "sharp." Your assessment reveals bleeding as noted and tenderness on palpation just right to the midline of her abdomen. Her pulse is 122​ beats/min, respirations are 22​ breaths/min, blood pressure is​ 118/82 mmHg, SpO2 is​ 96%, and oral temperature is 97.3 degrees °F. Based on this​ presentation, you​ would: A. Provide​ low-concentration oxygen and nonemergently transport the patient B. Massage the​ abdomen, provide​ high-concentration oxygen, and nonemergently transport the patient C. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen and immediately transport the patient D. Place the patient in a supine position and immediately transport her

C. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen and immediately transport the patient

You observe a traumatically injured​ 3-year-old female patient being secured to a long spine board with no padding behind the​ neck, shoulders, or back during a spine motion restriction intervention. What is the main concern with this​ oversight? A. Extension of the cervical spine B. Bruising to the back C. Airway compromise D. Pain and discomfort

C. Airway compromise

An unrestrained female​ patient, who was involved in a minor motor vehicle​ collision, refuses EMS care or transport. She is seven months pregnant and is alert and oriented. When​ asked, she denies any complaint. Your best action would be​ to: A. Have her follow up with her obstetrician B. Have the police witness her signing the​ refusal-of-care form C. Contact medical direction for instructions D. Make contact with her obstetrician

C. Contact medical direction for instructions

You have been called for a male patient who was shot with a rifle. Assessment reveals an entrance wound to the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. A hemorrhaging exit wound to the left lower back is also located. What should you do​ immediately? A. Place a cervical collar on the patient B. Cover the abdominal wounds with dry sterile gauze dressings C. Cover the entrance wound with a gloved hand D. Auscultate the​ patient's breath sounds

C. Cover the entrance wound with a gloved hand

Which of these guidelines apply when examining and caring for an​ infant? A. Ask the caregiver to lay the infant on a flat surface and undress him so you can examine him. B. For an infant who is alert and in no immediate​ distress, begin your assessment with the head and end with the feet. C. Form a general impression as you approach the​ patient, before reaching his side. D. Let the infant hold and play with equipment before you use it on him.

C. Form a general impression as you approach the​ patient, before reaching his side.

Which condition should be suspected when a patient who is 32 weeks pregnant presents with a complaint of​ headache, right upper quadrant abdominal​ pain, nausea,​ hypertension, and swelling of the​ face, hands, and​ feet? A. Ectopic pregnancy B. Hyperemesis gravidarum C. Preeclampsia D. Gestational diabetes

C. Preeclampsia

You arrive on the scene of a home birth to find a vigorous infant who is crying and in NO​ distress, and his​ 35-year-old mother, who experienced a sudden onset of​ sharp, localized chest​ pain, and shortness of breath. Her skin is mottled and​ cool, she is in severe respiratory​ distress, hypotensive, and tachycardic. With which condition is the​ mother's signs and symptoms MOST​ consistent? A. Uterine rupture B. Postpartum hemorrhage C. Pulmonary embolism D. Septic shock

C. Pulmonary embolism

You are delivering a baby in the​ patient's house. As the​ baby's head appears at the opening of the​ vagina, you notice that the amniotic membrane is still intact. You​ would: A. Continue with the delivery of the baby B. Cut the sac with the sterile scissors in the OB kit C. Rip open the amniotic sac with your fingers D. Transfer the patient to the stretcher for immediate transport

C. Rip open the amniotic sac with your fingers

You are by the side of a​ 19-year-old female who is 36 weeks pregnant. When assessing this​ patient, which finding best indicates that she is in preterm​ labor? A. Contractions 12 minutes apart B. Feeling nauseated with each contraction C. Rupture of the amniotic sac D. Complaint of lower back pain

C. Rupture of the amniotic sac

Which mechanism accounts for supine hypotensive​ syndrome? A. Compression of the umbilical cord between the fetus and the uterine wall results in decreased fetal cardiac output and hypotension. B. The weight of the enlarged uterus and fetus compress the vagus​ nerve, which slows the heart rate and decreases cardiac output. C. The weight of the enlarged uterus and fetus presses on the inferior vena​ cava, causing inadequate blood return to the heart. D. The weight of the enlarged uterus and fetus compresses the descending​ aorta, restricting blood flow to the rest of the body.

C. The weight of the enlarged uterus and fetus presses on the inferior vena​ cava, causing inadequate blood return to the heart.

A​ 22-year-old pregnant female patient complains of severe nausea and vomiting. The​ patient's skin is pale and clammy. Her vital signs are HR​ 126, R​ 24, BP​ 88/70, and SpO2 is​ 94% on room air. You should apply oxygen via a A. simple mask at 6 liters per minute. B. nasal cannula at 2 liters per minute. C. nonrebreather mask at 15 liters per minute. D. ​bag-valve mask at 15 liters per minute.

C. nonrebreather mask at 15 liters per minute.

You have been called to a nursing home for a confused​ 91-year-old male patient who became dizzy and​ fell, striking his head on the floor. Which statement made by the nurse should be of most concern to​ you? A. ​"He did not have any of his medications​ today." B. ​"I just checked his blood sugar and it is 154​ mg/dL, but it was 243 at last shift​ change." C. ​"He has a heart valve problem and takes Coumadin to help prevent his blood from​ clotting." D. ​"He is normally​ confused, and his family just made him a​ DNR."

C. ​"He has a heart valve problem and takes Coumadin to help prevent his blood from​ clotting."

Of which of these situations should you be aware in the assessment and treatment of pediatric​ patients? A. Despite their small body​ size, the diameter of a​ child's trachea reaches adult size by the age of 5 years. B. Children have a lower body surface to mass ratio than adults. C. ​Children's increased metabolic rate creates greater oxygen demand. D. A child lacks any capacity to compensate for blood or fluid loss.

C. ​Children's increased metabolic rate creates greater oxygen demand.

Despite the increase in maternal blood​ volume, the pregnant patient is​ typically: A. Prone to early signs of shock B. Hypertensive C. Bradycardic D. Anemic

D. Anemic

You are transporting an elderly female who fell in a nursing home and displays outward rotation of her left leg. She has a lengthy medical​ history, including dementia.​ Currently, she is very quiet and receiving oxygen through a nasal cannula at 6 liters per minute. She also is secured to a long spine board. During your​ reassessment, you note her to be alert but​ confused, with slightly accelerated respirations and a strong radial pulse. You also note that her SpO2 has dropped from​ 97% on scene to​ 91%. You​ should: A. Start positive pressure ventilation B. Perform a​ head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver C. Request ALS assistance D. Apply supplemental oxygen

D. Apply supplemental oxygen

At the scene of a motor vehicle​ accident, a car has extensive​ front-end damage and a deformed steering wheel. The restrained​ driver, who was​ self-extricated, is in the care of​ EMRs, who have applied a cervical collar and continue to maintain spine motion restriction precautions. The​ patient's airway is patent and respirations adequate. His radial pulse is rapid and​ weak, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic. The EMRs report the following vital​ signs: pulse, 136​ beats/min; respirations, 20​ breaths/min; blood​ pressure, 100/68​ mmHg; and​ SpO2, 95% with supplemental O2 being administered. The right forearm is​ deformed, and the​ head, chest, and upper back are uninjured according to your assessment. Your next action would be​ to: A. Change the nonrebreather mask to a nasal cannula B. Repeat the vital signs C. Start positive pressure ventilation D. Check the abdomen for injury

D. Check the abdomen for injury

The EMT is correctly assessing the perfusion status of a​ 10-month-old when​ she: A. Obtains a blood pressure B. Looks for cyanosis in the extremities C. Observes the characteristics of the fontanelles D. Feels for a brachial pulse

D. Feels for a brachial pulse

When should the EMT instruct his partner to cut the umbilical​ cord? A. After the​ 1-minute Apgar score has been obtained B. Just prior to passage of the legs through the vaginal canal C. Immediately after delivery of the placenta D. Following delivery and after the baby has been dried off

D. Following delivery and after the baby has been dried off

Why is the uterus essential to a healthy pregnancy and​ childbirth? A. It protects abdominal organs during fetal growth B. It manufactures specific blood cells needed for fetal immunity C. It permits the excretion of waste from the baby to the mother D. It powerfully contracts to force the fetus from the​ mother's body following gestation

D. It powerfully contracts to force the fetus from the​ mother's body following gestation

If a patient has severe retroperitoneal bleeding from an organ located within this​ cavity, she has most likely injured​ her: A. Large intestine B. Liver C. Stomach D. Kidney

D. Kidney

Assessment of a pregnant patient in labor reveals what appears to be the​ baby's buttocks presenting at the vaginal opening. The EMT would​ immediately: A. Put the patient in​ semi-Fowler's position on the stretcher and immediately transport B. Lay the patient on her left side and administer​ high-concentration oxygen C. Place both hands on the abdomen and attempt to turn the baby into a​ head-down position D. Place the patient in​ supine, head-down​ position, with hips​ elevated, and administer supplemental oxygen

D. Place the patient in​ supine, head-down​ position, with hips​ elevated, and administer supplemental oxygen

Which statement regarding the role and function of the cervix during pregnancy is​ true? A. The cervix constricts near the time of delivery to prevent a premature birth B. The EMT can palpate the cervix to measure the contractions that the mother is having during the third trimester C. The​ "bloody show" comes from the cervix and confirms pregnancy in the first trimester D. The cervix becomes plugged with mucus to prevent contamination of the uterus during gestation

D. The cervix becomes plugged with mucus to prevent contamination of the uterus during gestation

Which of the following statements explains why brain injury secondary to trauma is increased in the geriatric​ population? A. The elderly strike their heads more often. B. The elderly are less able to brace themselves in a fall. C. The elderly are less able to prepare themselves for impending trauma. D. The loss of brain mass allows more room for movement within the skull.

D. The loss of brain mass allows more room for movement within the skull.

Severe abdominal trauma and blood loss may cause signs and symptoms of​ shock, which​ include: A. a decreased heart rate. B. hypertension. C. flushed skin. D. an increased heart rate.

D. an increased heart rate.

General emergency medical care for the patient with an abdominal injury​ includes: A. administering oxygen at 6 lpm by nasal cannula. B. applying and inflating the abdominal section of the PASG to control internal abdominal bleeding. C. placing the patient in the prone position with knees bent. D. covering an evisceration with a moist dressing and occlusive dressing.

D. covering an evisceration with a moist dressing and occlusive dressing.