Module Three

COVID-19 is a ____________________ disease.

pandemic

The bacterium that causes bubonic plague is

Yersinia pestis

Ebola is a ____________________ disease.

epidemic

Proteins that respond to viruses, bind to receptors on uninfected cells, and cause the uninfected cells to produce antiviral enzymes are

interferons

Salmonella food poisoning comes from

poultry

The only disease that was eradicated and is no longer in the human population is

smallpox

The mosquito that causes malaria is

Anopheles mosquito

The pus from __________________ is blue.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

______________ immunity is a result of being sick once or getting a vaccination.

acquired

The most poisonous substance on Earth is _____________________.

botulinum toxin

An inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted is a

fomite

The enzyme that Staphylococcus aureus uses to penetrate the body's connective tissue is

hyaluronidase

The proper term for "blood poisoning" is

septicemia

_________________ is when poisonous products of bacteria are distributed throughout the body.

toxemia

Diseases that are communicable from animal or animal products are

zoonoses

An _________________ causes the body's immune system to respond.

antigen

The ability of a microbe to survive and produce disease is

virulence

Reducing a microbe's virulence by diluting or weakening it is

attenuation

A/n ____________________ is toxin confined within the body of a bacterium and is released only when the bacterium is broken down.

endotoxin

The microbe of great concern that can cross the placenta is

Cytomegalovirus

Some bacteria use an enzyme that digests fibrin threads to better utilize blood as a nutrient. That enzyme is

fibrinolysin

The natural habitat of a pathogen is

reservoir

An exogenous infection is caused by microbes that

are not normally present in the body

An infection where microbes enter blood or lymph vessels and spread to other parts of the body is called a/n ___________________ infection.

focal

Proteins that are Y-shaped and either neutralize or destroy antigens are

antibodies