More virus notes (study guide)
What are the two types of viruses that can attack a cell?
Active Viruses and Hidden Viruses
What is a virus called when it enters a cell and immediately begins to multiply?
Active virus
What can viruses cause?
diseases
Some viruses are also surrounded by and additional out membrane called what?
envelope
When the host cell if full of the new virus what happens to it?
the host cell bursts open releasing hundreds of new viruses and dies
What does the Virus's outer membrane proteins lock onto?
the host cells surface proteins
What does a virus's genectic material contain?
the instructions for making new viruses
What does the shape of the surface proteins allow the virus to do?
the shape of the surface protien allows it to attach "lock" itself on to certain cells in a host
Why don't vaccines cause disease themselves?
the vaccines are weakened or altered viruses
What will most likely happen after the virus attaches to the bacterial cell?
the virus will inject its genetic material into the bacterial cell
In a Hidden Virus what happens to it when the host cell divides?
the virus's genetic material is copies along with the host's genetic material
How are viruses simliar to organisms?
they can multiply
What is the one characteristic that viruses share with organisms?
they can multiply
What do almost all viruses do to host cells?
they destroy the host cells
What do the Hidden Virus do in the new cell?
they hide
What does a vaccine do?
tirgger the body's natural defenses and puts the body on "alert"
When you have a virus we can only do what?
treat the symptoms with over-the counter medications like advil
What are the two basic parts of a virus?
A protien coat and genectic material
What is a Bacteriophage?
A virus that infects bacteria
What is the robot-like virus that infects bacteria called?
Bacteriophage
What are the four way Viral Diseases can spread?
Contact with a contaminated object, bite of an infected animal, moisture droplets from sneezes and coughs, and contact with body fluids, like blood from an infected person
When a virus's genetic material takes over a cell's function what does it do?
It instructs the cell to produce the virus's proteins and genectic material.
Are viruses cells?
Viruses are not cells
What is a Hidden Virus?
Viruses that do not immediately become active in a host cell
Because the lock-and-key action of a virus is specific
a certain virus can attach only to one or a few types of cells
What is an example of a Hidden Virus?
a cold sore
What is the organism call where a virus can multiply in call?
a host
What is a host?
a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus.
What do viruses act like?
a parasite
What is a Vaccine?
a substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease-causing viruses and organisms
What is a virus?
a tiney nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell.
Once a virus is inside a host cell what happens?
a virus's genetic material takes over many of the cell's funtions.
When a Hidden Virus becomes active what does it act like?
an Active Virus
What do vaccines contain?
an altered or weakened virus
Whta is a parasite?
an organism that live on or in a host and cause it harm
What is the function of the protein coat?
an outer coat to protect the virus
Baceriophages are viruses that attack and destroy what?
bacteria
What are the three best things one must do to treat a viral infection?
bed rest, drink plenty of fluids, and eating a well-balanced meal
What is the best treatment for viral infections?
bed rest.
How do you prevent the spread of Viral Diseases?
by getting a vaccine
How are vaccines important in preventing viral diseases?
helps prevent the spread
Where in a host cell does a hidden virus "hide" while it is inactive?
in the genetic material of the cell
Where do the Hidden Viurses hide?
in the host cells genectic material
What information does a virus' genectic material contain?
instructions for making new viruses
Once the virus goes into the host cell where does it go?
into its genetic material
What does the invade cell start doing when the virus invades it?
it acts like a "photcopy machine" and makes copy after copy of the new virus
What role do the proteins in a virus's outer coat play in the invasion of a host cell?
it allows the virus to attach itself to the host cell like a key on the outer protein coat which locks onto the hosts cells surface protein cell
After the Hidden Virus invades the host cell what does it do?
it become part of the host cell's genetic material
After a virus attaches to a host cell what does it do?
it enters the host cell
What are the additional steps that occur when a hidden virus multiplies?
it first hides in the genectic material and is copied when the cell divides and becomes unhidden when it is triggered to do so
What is an Active Virus?
it immediately goes into action
What does the virus's genetic material do to the host cell?
it takes over the cells functions and starts to produce the virus's proteins and genectic material?
What are some ways to protect ourselves from getting a viral disease?
keeping a healthy body (rest, fluids, exercise), and by washing hands often and not sharing eating or drinking utensils
What are the viruses protieins like?
like "keys" that fit only into certain "locks" or proteins, on the surface of a host's cells
What do the proteins and genetic materials assemble into once made inside a host cell?
new viruses
Are there any cures for viral diseases?
no
Are any organisms safe from viruses?
no organisms are safe from viruses
When can a virus attach itself to a cell?
only if the virus' surface proteins can fit those on the cell
Most cold viruses infect cells where?
only in the nose and throat of humans
What are some examples of Viral Diseases?
polio, measles, and chichen pox
Most bacteria are surrounded by a figid protective structure calles what
protein coat
What basic structures do all viruses share?
protein coat and an inner core with genectic material
What activates the Hidden Virus of a cold sore?
sunlight or stress
Which part of a virus determines which host cells it can infect?
surface proteins
Where can viruses only multiply in?
when they are inside a living cell
Can plants and animals get viruses?
yes
Are viruses smaller than host cells?
yes, viruses are smaller than host cells