Most Common English Academic Words

quantity

noun an adequate or large amount; something that has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable; how much there is of something that you can quantify

prefix

noun an affix that is added in front of the word; verb attach a prefix to

underscore

noun a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter); verb give extra weight to (a communication); draw a line or lines underneath to call attention to

explicit

adj. precisely and clearly expressed or readily observable; leaving nothing to implication; in accordance with fact or the primary meaning of a term

visible

adj. present and easily available; obvious to the eye; capable of being seen; or open to easy view

heretofore

adv. used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

apace

adv. with rapid movements

attach

verb be attached; be in contact with; become attached; cause to be attached; take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority; create social or emotional ties

ensure

verb be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; make certain of

liberate

verb grant freedom to; grant freedom to; free from confinement; give equal rights to; of women and minorities

elucidate

verb make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear; make clear and (more) comprehensible

legitimise

verb make legal

complicate

verb make more complex, intricate, or richer; make more complicated

require

verb make someone do something; consider obligatory; request and expect; have need of; require as useful, just, or proper

last

adj. occurring at the time of death; lowest in rank or importance; coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining; highest in extent or degree; most unlikely or unsuitable; immediately past; not to be altered or undone; occurring at or forming an end or termination; conclusive in a process or progression; adv. more recently than any other time; the item at the end; noun a person's dying act; the final thing a person can do; holding device shaped like a human foot that is used to fashion or repair shoes; a unit of capacity for grain equal to 80 bushels; a unit of weight equal to 4,000 pounds; the last or lowest in an ordering or series; the concluding parts of an event or occurrence; the time at which life ends; continuing until dead; the temporal end; the concluding time; verb persist for a specified period of time; continue to live; endure or last

prenatal

adj. occurring or existing before birth

countrywide

adj. occurring or extending throughout a country or nation

concurrent

adj. occurring or operating at the same time

simultaneous

adj. occurring or operating at the same time

biannual

adj. occurring or payable twice each year

analogue

adj. of a circuit or device having an output that is proportional to the input; noun something having the property of being analogous to something else

transient

adj. of a mental act; causing effects outside the mind; lasting a very short time; noun (physics) a short-lived oscillation in a system caused by a sudden change of voltage or current or load; one who stays for only a short time

portable

adj. of a motor designed to be attached to the outside of a boat's hull; easily or conveniently transported; noun a small light typewriter; usually with a case in which it can be carried

sufficient

adj. of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

coordinate

adj. of equal importance, rank, or degree; noun a number that identifies a position relative to an axis; verb bring into common action, movement, or condition; be co-ordinated; bring order and organization to; bring (components or parts) into proper or desirable coordination correlation

crucial

adj. of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis; having the power or quality of deciding; having crucial relevance; of the greatest importance

main

adj. of force; of the greatest possible intensity; (of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence; most important element; noun a principal pipe in a system that distributes water or gas or electricity or that collects sewage; any very large body of (salt) water

important

adj. of great significance or value; having or suggesting a consciousness of high position; of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis; having authority or ascendancy or influence; important in effect or meaning

quality

adj. of high social status; of superior grade; noun an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone; a degree or grade of excellence or worth; a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something; high social status; (music) the distinctive property of a complex sound (a voice or noise or musical sound)

eminent

adj. of imposing height; especially standing out above others; having achieved eminence; standing above others in quality or position; (used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

compound

adj. of leaf shapes; of leaves composed of several similar parts or lobes; consisting of two or more substances or ingredients or elements or parts; composed of many distinct individuals united to form a whole or colony; noun an enclosure of residences and other building (especially in the Orient); a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts; (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight; verb put or add together; combine so as to form a whole; mix; create by mixing or combining; calculate principal and interest; make more intense, stronger, or more marked

great

adj. of major significance or importance; relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind; remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect; in an advanced stage of pregnancy; marked by active interest and enthusiasm; very good; uppercase; noun a person who has achieved distinction and honor in some field

legitimate

adj. of marriages and offspring; recognized as lawful; in accordance with recognized or accepted standards or principles; based on known statements or events or conditions; authorized, sanctioned by, or in accordance with law; verb make (an illegitimate child) legitimate; declare the legitimacy of (someone); show or affirm to be just and legitimate; make legal

cognitive

adj. of or being or relating to or involving cognition

inferior

adj. of or characteristic of low rank or importance; of low or inferior quality; having an orbit between the sun and the Earth's orbit; lower than a given reference point; inferior in rank or status; falling short of some prescribed norm; written or printed below and to one side of another character; noun one of lesser rank or station or quality; a character or symbol set or printed or written beneath or slightly below and to the side of another character

racial

adj. of or characteristic of race or races or arising from differences among groups; of or related to genetically distinguished groups of people

pragmatic

adj. of or concerning the theory of pragmatism; concerned with practical matters; guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory; noun an imperial decree that becomes part of the fundamental law of the land

basic

adj. of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base; serving as a base or starting point; pertaining to or constituting a base or basis; reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality; noun (usually plural) a necessary commodity for which demand is constant; a popular programming language that is relatively easy to learn; an acronym for beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code; no longer in general use

meridian

adj. of or happening at noon; being at the best stage of development; noun an imaginary great circle on the surface of the earth passing through the north and south poles at right angles to the equator; a town in eastern Mississippi; the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

linear

adj. of or in or along or relating to a line; involving a single dimension; designating or involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree; measured lengthwise; of a leaf shape; long and narrow; of a circuit or device having an output that is proportional to the input

exponential

adj. of or involving exponents; noun a function in which an independent variable appears as an exponent

sensitive

adj. of or pertaining to classified information or matters affecting national security; hurting; responsive to physical stimuli; being susceptible to the attitudes, feelings, or circumstances of others; able to feel or perceive; noun someone who serves as an intermediary between the living and the dead

darwinian

adj. of or relating to Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution; noun an advocate of Darwinism

dominican

adj. of or relating to Saint Dominic or the Dominican order; of or relating to or characteristic of the Dominican Republic or its people; noun a Roman Catholic friar wearing the black mantle of the Dominican order

capitalist

adj. of or relating to capitalism or capitalists; favoring or practicing capitalism; noun a person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business); a conservative advocate of capitalism

vertical

adj. of or relating to different levels in a hierarchy (as levels of social class or income group); at right angles to the plane of the horizon or a base line; relating to or involving all stages of a business from production to distribution; upright in position or posture; noun something that is oriented vertically; a vertical structural member as a post or stake

electronic

adj. of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons; of or concerned with electrons

neural

adj. of or relating to neurons; of or relating to the nervous system

subsidiary

adj. of or relating to or being a subsidy; functioning in a subsidiary or supporting capacity; furnishing added support; noun a company that is completely controlled by another company; an assistant subject to the authority or control of another

feudal

adj. of or relating to or characteristic of feudalism

ritual

adj. of or relating to or employed in social rites or rituals; of or relating to or characteristic of religious rituals; noun stereotyped behavior; any customary observance or practice; the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies

heuristic

adj. of or relating to or using a general formulation that serves to guide investigation; noun a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem

italic

adj. of or relating to the Italic languages; characterized by slanting characters; noun a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right; a typeface with letters slanting upward to the right; a branch of the Indo-European languages of which Latin is the chief representative

municipal

adj. of or relating to the government of a municipality; relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality

reciprocal

adj. of or relating to the multiplicative inverse of a quantity or function; concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return; noun something (a term or expression or concept) that has a reciprocal relation to something else; hybridization involving a pair of crosses that reverse the sexes associated with each genotype; (mathematics) one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2; the multiplicative inverse of 7 is 1/7

ecological

adj. of or relating to the science of ecology; characterized by the interdependence of living organisms in an environment

paleolithic

adj. of or relating to the second period of the Stone Age (following the eolithic); noun second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC

marital

adj. of or relating to the state of marriage

biological

adj. of parents and children; related by blood; pertaining to biology or to life and living things

neutral

adj. of something that is lacking hue; lacking distinguishing quality or characteristics; not supporting or favoring either side in a war, dispute, or contest; neither moral nor immoral; neither good nor evil, right nor wrong; possessing no distinctive quality or characteristics; having no net electric charge; not electrified; having no personal preference; having only a limited ability to react chemically; chemically inactive; noun one who does not side with any party in a war or dispute

reverse

adj. of the transmission gear causing backward movement in a motor vehicle; reversed (turned backward) in order or nature or effect; directed or moving toward the rear; noun (American football) a running play in which a back running in one direction hands the ball to a back running in the opposite direction; the gears by which the motion of a machine can be reversed; the side of a coin or medal that does not bear the principal design; an unfortunate happening that hinders or impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating; a relation of direct opposition; turning in the opposite direction; verb change to the contrary; turn inside out or upside down; rule against; annul by recalling or rescinding

temporal

adj. of this earth or world; not eternal; concerned with secular rather than sacred matters; of the material world; of or relating to the temples (the sides of the skull behind the orbit); of or relating to or limited by time; noun the semantic role of the noun phrase that designating the time of the state or action denoted by the verb

piecemeal

adj. one thing at a time; adv. a little bit at a time

inchoate

adj. only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

incipient

adj. only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

level

adj. oriented at right angles to the plumb; being on a precise horizontal plane; not showing abrupt variations; of the score in a contest; having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another; noun indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid; height above ground; an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale; a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line; a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; verb become level or even; talk frankly with; lay it on the line; aim at; tear down so as to make flat with the ground; direct into a position for use; make level or straight

heterogenous

adj. originating outside the body; consisting of elements that are not of the same kind or nature

outmoded

adj. out of fashion

out

adj. outer or outlying; outside or external; no longer fashionable; directed outward or serving to direct something outward; not worth considering as a possibility; not allowed to continue to bat or run; out of power; especially having been unsuccessful in an election; being out or having grown cold; knocked unconscious by a heavy blow; excluded from use or mention; adv. away from home; from one's possession; noun (baseball) a failure by a batter or runner to reach a base safely in baseball; verb be made known; be disclosed or revealed; reveal (something) about somebody's identity or lifestyle; to state openly and publicly one's homosexuality

due

adj. owed and payable immediately or on demand; suitable to or expected in the circumstances; scheduled to arrive; adv. directly or exactly; straight; noun that which is deserved or owed; a payment that is due (e.g., as the price of membership)

thorough

adj. painstakingly careful and accurate; very thorough; exhaustively complete

horizontal

adj. parallel to or in the plane of the horizon or a base line; noun something that is oriented horizontally

collect

adj. payable by the recipient on delivery; adv. make a telephone call or mail a package so that the recipient pays; noun a short prayer generally preceding the lesson in the Church of Rome or the Church of England; verb get or bring together; call for and obtain payment of; gather or collect; assemble or get together; get or gather together

idiosyncratic

adj. peculiar to the individual

prescient

adj. perceiving the significance of events before they occur

tangible

adj. perceptible by the senses especially the sense of touch; (of especially business assets) having physical substance and intrinsic monetary value; capable of being treated as fact; capable of being perceived by the senses or the mind; especially capable of being handled or touched or felt

discernible

adj. perceptible by the senses or intellect; capable of being seen or noticed; capable of being perceived clearly

prescriptive

adj. pertaining to giving directives or rules

seminal

adj. pertaining to or containing or consisting of semen; containing seeds of later development

spatial

adj. pertaining to or involving or having the nature of space

rich

adj. pleasantly full and mellow; very productive; possessing material wealth; having an abundant supply of desirable qualities or substances (especially natural resources); suggestive of or characterized by great expense; high in mineral content; having a high proportion of fuel to air; of great worth or quality; containing plenty of fat, or eggs, or sugar; affording an abundant supply; strong; intense; marked by great fruitfulness; marked by richness and fullness of flavor; noun people who have possessions and wealth (considered as a group)

novel

adj. pleasantly new or different; original and of a kind not seen before; noun a printed and bound book that is an extended work of fiction; a extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

straightforward

adj. pointed directly ahead; free from ambiguity; without evasion or compromise; without concealment or deception; honest

apolitical

adj. politically neutral

cogent

adj. powerfully persuasive

antecedent

adj. preceding in time or order; noun the referent of an anaphor; a phrase or clause that is referred to by an anaphoric pronoun; a preceding occurrence or cause or event; anything that precedes something similar in time; someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

perfect

adj. precisely accurate or exact; being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish; without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers; noun a tense of verbs used in describing action that has been completed (sometimes regarded as perfective aspect); verb make perfect or complete

beta

adj. preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; second in order of importance; noun the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet; beets

abundant

adj. present in great quantity

general

adj. prevailing among and common to the general public; not specialized or limited to one class of things; applying to all or most members of a category or group; of national scope; affecting the entire body; somewhat indefinite; of worldwide scope or applicability; noun a fact about the whole (as opposed to particular); a general officer of the highest rank; the head of a religious order or congregation; verb command as a general

gradual

adj. proceeding in small stages; (of a topographical gradient) not steep or abrupt; noun (Roman Catholic Church) an antiphon (usually from the Book of Psalms) immediately after the epistle at Mass

hybrid

adj. produced by crossbreeding; noun an organism that is the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock; especially offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties or breeds or species; a composite of mixed origin; a word that is composed of parts from different languages (e.g., `monolingual' has a Greek prefix and a Latin root)

domestic

adj. produced in a particular country; of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation; of or involving the home or family; converted or adapted to domestic use; of or relating to the home; noun a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household

reproductive

adj. producing new life or offspring

fruitful

adj. productive or conducive to producing in abundance; productive of profit

beneficial

adj. promoting or enhancing well-being; tending to promote physical well-being; beneficial to health

informative

adj. providing or conveying information; serving to instruct of enlighten or inform; tending to increase knowledge or dissipate ignorance

foster

adj. providing or receiving nurture or parental care though not related by blood or legal ties; noun United States songwriter whose songs embody the sentiment of the South before the American Civil War (1826-1864); verb help develop, help grow; bring up under fosterage; of children; promote the growth of

particular

adj. providing specific details or circumstances; unique or specific to a person or thing or category; separate and distinct from others of the same group or category; first and most important; surpassing what is common or usual or expected; exacting especially about details; noun a fact about some part (as opposed to general); (logic) a proposition that asserts something about some (but not all) members of a class; a small part that can be considered separately from the whole

prompt

adj. quick in apprehending or reacting; characterized by speed and efficiency; performed with little or no delay; according to schedule or without delay; noun (computer science) a symbol that appears on the computer screen to indicate that the computer is ready to receive a command; a cue given to a performer (usually the beginning of the next line to be spoken); verb serve as the inciting cause of; assist (somebody acting or reciting) by suggesting the next words of something forgotten or imperfectly learned; give an incentive for action

applicable

adj. readily applicable or practical; capable of being applied; having relevance

open

adj. ready for business; not having been filled; without undue constriction as from e.g. tenseness or inhibition; affording unobstructed entrance and exit; not shut or closed; affording free passage or access; used of mouth or eyes; having no protecting cover or enclosure; (set theory) of an interval that contains neither of its endpoints; open to or in view of all; accessible to all; not sealed or having been unsealed; not brought to a conclusion; subject to further thought; not requiring union membership; openly straightforward and direct without reserve or secretiveness; affording free passage or view; open and observable; not secret or hidden; with no protection or shield; ready or willing to receive favorably; (of textures) full of small openings or gaps; possibly accepting or permitting; not defended or capable of being defended; noun information that has become public; a tournament in which both professionals and amateurs may play; a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water; where the air is unconfined; verb make available; become available; make the opening move; cause to open or to become open; become open; display the contents of a file or start an application as on a computer; begin or set in action, of meetings, speeches, recitals, etc.; start to operate or function or cause to start operating or functioning; have an opening or passage or outlet; spread out or open from a closed or folded state; afford access to

distinct

adj. recognizable; marked; easy to perceive; especially clearly outlined; (often followed by `from') not alike; different in nature or quality; clearly or sharply defined to the mind; constituting a separate entity or part

attenuate

adj. reduced in strength; verb become weaker, in strength, value, or magnitude; weaken the consistency of (a chemical substance)

former

adj. referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several); (used especially of persons) of the immediate past; belonging to the distant past; belonging to some prior time; noun the first of two or the first mentioned of two

regenerate

adj. reformed spiritually or morally; verb restore strength; undergo regeneration; form or produce anew; be formed or shaped anew; replace (tissue or a body part) through the formation of new tissue; return to life; get or give new life or energy; amplify (an electron current) by causing part of the power in the output circuit to act upon the input circuit; reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new; bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one

local

adj. relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area; affecting only a restricted part or area of the body; of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood; noun public transport consisting of a bus or train that stops at all stations or stops; anesthetic that numbs a particular area of the body

land

adj. relating to or characteristic of or occurring on land; noun the solid part of the earth's surface; material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use); United States inventor who incorporated Polaroid film into lenses and invented the one-step photographic process (1909-1991); the land on which real estate is located; agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life; the people who live in a nation or country; a politically organized body of people under a single government; the territory occupied by a nation; territory over which rule or control is exercised; extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use; a domain in which something is dominant; verb reach or come to rest; cause to come to the ground; arrive on shore; bring ashore; deliver (a blow); bring into a different state; shoot at and force to come down

hellenic

adj. relating to or characteristic of the classical Greek civilization; characteristic of the ancient Greek and Roman cultures; of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks; noun the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

normative

adj. relating to or dealing with norms; pertaining to giving directives or rules

monetary

adj. relating to or involving money

differential

adj. relating to or showing a difference; involving or containing one or more derivatives; noun a quality that differentiates between similar things; a bevel gear that permits rotation of two shafts at different speeds; used on the rear axle of automobiles to allow wheels to rotate at different speeds on curves; the result of mathematical differentiation; the instantaneous change of one quantity relative to another; df(x)/dx

childbearing

adj. relating to or suitable for childbirth; noun the parturition process in human beings; having a baby; the process of giving birth to a child

parochial

adj. relating to or supported by or located in a parish; narrowly restricted in outlook or scope

biomedical

adj. relating to the activities and applications of science to clinical medicine

declarative

adj. relating to the use of or having the nature of a declaration; relating to the mood of verbs that is used simple declarative statements; noun a mood (grammatically unmarked) that represents the act or state as an objective fact

net

adj. remaining after all deductions; conclusive in a process or progression; noun an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals; a trap made of netting to catch fish or birds or insects; game equipment consisting of a strip of netting dividing the playing area in tennis or badminton; a goal lined with netting (as in soccer or hockey); a computer network consisting of a worldwide network of computer networks that use the TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmission and exchange; the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses); verb catch with a net; make as a net profit; yield as a net profit; construct or form a web, as if by weaving

redundant

adj. repetition of same sense in different words; more than is needed, desired, or required

delineate

adj. represented accurately or precisely; verb describe in vivid detail; trace the shape of; make a mark or lines on a surface; determine the essential quality of; show the form or outline of

ostensible

adj. represented or appearing as such; pretended; appearing as such but not necessarily so

compulsory

adj. required by rule

imperative

adj. requiring attention or action; relating to verbs in the imperative mood; noun some duty that is essential and urgent; a mood that expresses an intention to influence the listener's behavior

manual

adj. requiring human effort; doing or requiring physical work; of or relating to the hands; noun a small handbook; (military) a prescribed drill in handling a rifle

bifurcate

adj. resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches; verb divide into two branches; split or divide into two

contrary

adj. resistant to guidance or discipline; very opposed in nature or character or purpose; of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true but both may be false; in an opposing direction; noun a logical relation such that two propositions are contraries if both cannot be true but both can be false; exact opposition; a relation of direct opposition

inverse

adj. reversed (turned backward) in order or nature or effect; opposite in nature or effect or relation to another quantity; noun something inverted in sequence or character or effect

robust

adj. rough and crude; physically strong; strong enough to withstand or overcome intellectual challenges or adversity; marked by richness and fullness of flavor

authoritative

adj. sanctioned by established authority; having authority or ascendancy or influence; of recognized authority or excellence

wholesale

adj. selling or related to selling goods in large quantities for resale to the consumer; ignoring distinctions; adv. on a large scale without careful discrimination; at a wholesale price; noun the selling of goods to merchants; usually in large quantities for resale to consumers; verb sell in large quantities

separate

adj. separated according to race, sex, class, or religion; independent; not united or joint; standing apart; not attached to or supported by anything; have the connection undone; having become separate; characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing; not living together as man and wife; noun a garment that can be purchased separately and worn in combinations with other garments; a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication; verb divide into components or constituents; force, take, or pull apart; come apart; go one's own way; move apart; make a division or separation; discontinue an association or relation; go different ways; act as a barrier between; stand between; divide into two or more branches so as to form a fork; become separated into pieces or fragments; mark as different; arrange or order by classes or categories; separate into parts or portions; treat differently on the basis of sex or race

cardinal

adj. serving as an essential component; being or denoting a numerical quantity but not order; noun crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male; a variable color averaging a vivid red; (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes; the number of elements in a mathematical set; denotes a quantity but not the order

expedient

adj. serving to promote your interest; appropriate to a purpose; practical; noun a means to an end; not necessarily a principled or ethical one

precise

adj. sharply exact or accurate or delimited; (of ideas, images, representations, expressions) characterized by perfect conformity to fact or truth ; strictly correct

static

adj. showing little if any change; not active or moving; not in physical motion; concerned with or producing or caused by static electricity; noun angry criticism; a crackling or hissing noise cause by electrical interference

broad

adj. showing or characterized by broad-mindedness; lacking subtlety; obvious; not detailed or specific; being at a peak or culminating point; (of speech) heavily and noticeably regional; very large in expanse or scope; broad in scope or content; having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other; noun slang term for a woman

tolerant

adj. showing the capacity for endurance; able to tolerate environmental conditions or physiological stress; showing respect for the rights or opinions or practices of others; showing or characterized by broad-mindedness; tolerant and forgiving under provocation

altruistic

adj. showing unselfish concern for the welfare of others

profound

adj. situated at or extending to great depth; too deep to have been sounded or plumbed; coming from deep within one; of the greatest intensity; complete; showing intellectual penetration or emotional depths; from the depths of your being; (of sleep) deep and complete; far-reaching and thoroughgoing in effect especially on the nature of something

fore

adj. situated at or toward the bow of a vessel; adv. near or toward the bow of a ship or cockpit of a plane; noun front part of a vessel or aircraft

west

adj. situated in or facing or moving toward the west; adv. to, toward, or in the west; noun the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America; the region of the United States lying to the west of the Mississippi River; English painter (born in America) who became the second president of the Royal Academy (1738-1820); United States film actress (1892-1980); British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983); the cardinal compass point that is a 270 degrees

southeast

adj. situated in or oriented toward the southeast; coming from the southeast; adv. to, toward, or in the southeast; noun the southeastern region of the United States; the compass point midway between south and east; at 135 degrees

intrinsic

adj. situated within or belonging solely to the organ or body part on which it acts; belonging to a thing by its very nature

bias

adj. slanting diagonally across the grain of a fabric; noun a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation; a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric; verb cause to be biased; influence in an unfair way

oblique

adj. slanting or inclined in direction or course or position--neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angled; indirect in departing from the accepted or proper way; misleading; noun any grammatical case other than the nominative; a diagonally arranged abdominal muscle on either side of the torso

negligible

adj. so small as to be meaningless; insignificant; not worth considering

diffuse

adj. spread out; not concentrated in one place; lacking conciseness; (of light) transmitted from a broad light source or reflected; verb move outward; cause to become widely known; spread or diffuse through

pervasive

adj. spreading or spread throughout

specific

adj. stated explicitly or in detail; (sometimes followed by `to') applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique; being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides; relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species; noun a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease; a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

coherent

adj. sticking together; marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner

valid

adj. still legally acceptable; well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force

fluid

adj. subject to change; variable; affording change (especially in social status); in cash or easily convertible to cash; characteristic of a fluid; capable of flowing and easily changing shape; smooth and unconstrained in movement; noun a continuous amorphous substance that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas; a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure

elective

adj. subject to popular election; not compulsory; noun a course that the student can select from among alternatives

vicarious

adj. suffered or done by one person as a substitute for another; occurring in an abnormal part of the body instead of the usual site involved in that function; experienced at secondhand

appropriate

adj. suitable for a particular person or place or condition etc; suitable and fitting; meant or adapted for an occasion or use; being of striking appropriateness and pertinence; appropriate for achieving a particular end; implies a lack of concern for fairness; verb take possession of by force, as after an invasion; give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

opportune

adj. suitable or at a time that is suitable or advantageous especially for a particular purpose

definitive

adj. supplying or being a final or conclusive settlement; clearly defined or formulated; of recognized authority or excellence

appropriated

adj. taken without permission or consent especially by public authority

subjective

adj. taking place within the mind and modified by individual bias; of a mental act performed entirely within the mind

present

adj. temporal sense; intermediate between past and future; now existing or happening or in consideration; spatial sense; being or existing in a specified place; noun a verb tense that expresses actions or states at the time of speaking; something presented as a gift; the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech; verb bring forward and present to the mind; formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc.; hand over formally; introduce; recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation; assume a prescribed position; cause to come to know personally; deliver (a speech, oration, or idea); present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize; represent in a painting, drawing, sculpture, or verbally; perform (a play), especially on a stage; show or demonstrate something to an interested audience; give as a present; make a gift of; give, especially as an honor or reward

conducive

adj. tending to bring about; being partly responsible for

short

adj. tending to crumble or break into flakes due to a large amount of shortening; (primarily spatial sense) having little length or lacking in length; primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration; of speech sounds or syllables of relatively short duration; not holding securities or commodities that one sells in expectation of a fall in prices; lacking foresight or scope; low in stature; not tall; marked by rude or peremptory shortness; (of memory) deficient in retentiveness or range; not sufficient to meet a need; less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so; adv. at a disadvantage; so as to interrupt; at some point or distance before a goal is reached; clean across; without possessing something at the time it is contractually sold; quickly and without warning; in a curt, abrupt and discourteous manner; noun the location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed; the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed between second and third base; accidental contact between two points in an electric circuit that have a potential difference; verb create a short circuit in; cheat someone by not returning him enough money

intrusive

adj. tending to intrude (especially upon privacy); thrusting inward; of rock material; forced while molten into cracks between layers of other rock

salutary

adj. tending to promote physical well-being; beneficial to health

truncate

adj. terminating abruptly by having or as if having an end or point cut off; verb make shorter as if by cutting off; approximate by ignoring all terms beyond a chosen one; replace a corner by a plane

maximal

adj. the greatest or most complete or best possible

maximum

adj. the greatest or most complete or best possible; noun the point on a curve where the tangent changes from positive on the left to negative on the right; the largest possible quantity; the greatest possible degree

minimum

adj. the least possible; noun the point on a curve where the tangent changes from negative on the left to positive on the right; the smallest possible quantity

sound

adj. thorough; free from moral defect; financially secure and safe; in good condition; free from defect or damage or decay; (of sleep) deep and complete; in excellent physical condition; exercising or showing good judgment; having legal efficacy or force; logically valid; noun the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause; the subjective sensation of hearing something; the sudden occurrence of an audible event; a large ocean inlet or deep bay; mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium; the audible part of a transmitted signal; (phonetics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language; a narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water; verb appear in a certain way; give off a certain sound or sounds; make a certain noise or sound; cause to sound; announce by means of a sound; measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line; utter with vibrating vocal chords

innumerable

adj. too numerous to be counted

myriad

adj. too numerous to be counted; noun a large indefinite number

infinite

adj. total and all-embracing; having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude; of verbs; having neither person nor number nor mood (as a participle or gerund or infinitive); too numerous to be counted; noun the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

converse

adj. turned about in order or relation; of words so related that one reverses the relation denoted by the other; noun a proposition obtained by conversion; verb carry on a conversation

twofold

adj. twice as great or many; having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities; adv. by a factor of two

characteristic

adj. typical or distinctive; noun a distinguishing quality; any measurable property of a device measured under closely specified conditions; the integer part (positive or negative) of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the characteristic is 2; a prominent aspect of something

disinterested

adj. unaffected by self-interest

indispensable

adj. unavoidable; not to be dispensed with; essential; absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

necessary

adj. unavoidably determined by prior circumstances; absolutely essential; noun anything indispensable

equivocal

adj. uncertain as a sign or indication; open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead; open to question

contingent

adj. uncertain because of uncontrollable circumstances; determined by conditions or circumstances not yet established; possible but not certain to occur; noun a gathering of persons representative of some larger group; a temporary military unit

provisional

adj. under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon

tentative

adj. under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon; unsettled in mind or opinion

simple

adj. unornamented; (botany) of leaf shapes; of leaves having no divisions or subdivisions; having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved; easy and not involved or complicated; apart from anything else; without additions or modifications; lacking mental capacity and devoid of subtlety; exhibiting childlike simplicity and credulity; noun any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties; a person lacking intelligence or common sense

hostile

adj. unsolicited and resisted by the management of the target company ( used of attempts to buy or take control of a business); marked by features that oppose constructive treatment or development; very unfriendly; not belonging to your own country's forces or those of an ally; very unfavorable to life or growth; characterized by enmity or ill will; impossible to bring into friendly accord; noun troops belonging to the enemy's military forces

disinclined

adj. unwilling because of mild dislike or disapproval

symbiotic

adj. used of organisms (especially of different species) living together but not necessarily in a relation beneficial to each

primitive

adj. used of preliterate or tribal or nonindustrial societies; of or created by one without formal training; simple or naive in style; little evolved from or characteristic of an earlier ancestral type; belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness; noun a word serving as the basis for inflected or derived forms; a mathematical expression from which another expression is derived; a person who belongs to an early stage of civilization

multilingual

adj. using or knowing more than one language

proximate

adj. very close in space or time; closest in degree or order (space or time) especially in a chain of causes and effects

contiguous

adj. very close or connected in space or time; having a common boundary or edge; touching; connecting without a break; within a common boundary

tenuous

adj. very thin in gauge or diameter; having thin consistency; having little substance or significance

erosive

adj. wearing away by friction; of a substance, especially a strong acid; capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action

equal

adj. well matched; having the same quantity, value, or measure as another; equal in amount or value; noun a person who is of equal standing with another in a group; verb make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching; be identical or equivalent to; be equal to in quality or ability

widespread

adj. widely circulated or diffused; distributed over a considerable extent

likely

adj. within the realm of credibility; has a good chance of being the case or of coming about; likely but not certain to be or become true or real; expected to become or be; in prospect; adv. with considerable certainty; without much doubt

inadvertent

adj. without intention (especially resulting from heedless action)

reflex

adj. without volition or conscious control; noun an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus

itinerant

adj. working for a short time in different places; traveling from place to place to work; noun a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

pernicious

adj. working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way; exceedingly harmful

insidious

adj. working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way; intended to entrap; beguiling but harmful

model

adj. worthy of imitation; noun the act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale); representation of something (sometimes on a smaller scale); a type of product; a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process; a representative form or pattern; a person who poses for a photographer or painter or sculptor; someone worthy of imitation; something to be imitated; a woman who wears clothes to display fashions; verb form in clay, wax, etc; construct a model of; create a representation or model of; plan or create according to a model or models; display (clothes) as a mannequin; assume a posture as for artistic purposes

therefore

adv. (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result; as a consequence

presently

adv. at this time or period; now; in the near future

perforce

adv. by necessity; by force of circumstance

thereby

adv. by that means or because of that

soundly

adv. deeply or completely; in a complete and thorough manner (`good' is sometimes used informally for `thoroughly')

nevertheless

adv. despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)

nonetheless

adv. despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)

however

adv. despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession); in whatever way or manner; to whatever degree or extent; by contrast; on the other hand

hereafter

adv. following this in time or order or place; after this; in a future life or state; in a subsequent part of this document or statement or matter etc.; noun the time yet to come; life after death

thereafter

adv. from that time on

henceforth

adv. from this time forth; from now on

hence

adv. from this time; from this place; (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

thereupon

adv. immediately after that

onwards

adv. in a forward direction

evenly

adv. in a level and regular way; in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way

justly

adv. in accordance with moral or social standards; with honesty

furthermore

adv. in addition

moreover

adv. in addition

likewise

adv. in addition; equally; in like or similar manner

part

adv. in part; in some degree; not wholly; noun something less than the whole of a human artifact; a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions; in so far as the actor specified is concerned; one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole; the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music; a portion of a natural object; something determined in relation to something that includes it; the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; any one of a number of individual efforts in a common endeavor; an actor's portrayal of someone in a play; the extended spatial location of something; assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group; verb force, take, or pull apart; come apart; leave; go one's own way; move apart; discontinue an association or relation; go different ways

multiply

adv. in several ways; in a multiple manner; verb combine or increase by multiplication; combine by multiplication; have offspring or young; have young (animals)

thus

adv. in the way indicated; (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result; noun an aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation

herein

adv. in this place or thing or document

verily

adv. in truth; beyond doubt or question; truly or confidentially

thereof

adv. of or concerning this or that; from that circumstance or source

within

adv. on the inside

ie

adv. that is to say; in other words; noun a commercial browser

hitherto

adv. used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

probably

adv. with considerable certainty; without much doubt; easy to believe on the basis of available evidence

better

adj. (comparative and superlative of `well') wiser or more advantageous and hence advisable; (comparative of `good') superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another; (comparative of `good') changed for the better in health or fitness; more than half; adv. comparative of `well'; in a better or more excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a greater degree etc.; from a position of superiority or authority; noun the superior one of two alternatives; a superior person having claim to precedence; someone who bets; verb get better; to make better; surpass in excellence

less

adj. (comparative of `little' usually used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning not as great in amount or degree; (nonstandard in some uses but often idiomatic with measure phrases) fewer; (usually preceded by `no') lower in quality; adv. used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs; comparative of little

more

adj. (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree; (comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number; adv. used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs; comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent; noun English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded; recalled for his concept of Utopia, the ideal state

split

adj. (especially of wood) cut or ripped longitudinally with the grain; being divided or separated; having been divided; having the unity destroyed; noun extending the legs at right angles to the trunks (one in front and the other in back); an increase in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity; (tenpin bowling) a divided formation of pins left standing after the first bowl; a dessert of sliced fruit and ice cream covered with whipped cream and cherries and nuts; an old Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea; a lengthwise crack in wood; a promised or claimed share of loot or money; a bottle containing half the usual amount; division of a group into opposing factions; the act of rending or ripping or splitting something; an opening made forcibly as by pulling apart; verb break open or apart suddenly; separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument; go one's own way; move apart; discontinue an association or relation; go different ways; separate into parts or portions

conscious

adj. (followed by `of') showing realization or recognition of something; knowing and perceiving; having awareness of surroundings and sensations and thoughts; intentionally conceived

patent

adj. (of a bodily tube or passageway) open; affording free passage; clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment; noun a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention; an official document granting a right or privilege; verb make open to sight or notice; obtain a patent for; grant rights to; grant a patent for

preconceived

adj. (of an idea or opinion) formed beforehand; especially without evidence or through prejudice

salient

adj. (of angles) pointing outward at an angle of less than 180 degrees; having a quality that thrusts itself into attention; noun (military) the part of the line of battle that projects closest to the enemy

intense

adj. (of color) having the highest saturation; in an extreme degree; extremely sharp or intense

ready

adj. (of especially money) immediately available; brought into readiness; completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress; mentally disposed; apprehending and responding with speed and sensitivity; noun poised for action; verb make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc; prepare for eating by applying heat

popular

adj. (of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people); carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large; regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public; representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large

autonomous

adj. (of persons) free from external control and constraint in e.g. action and judgment; existing as an independent entity; (of political bodies) not controlled by outside forces

technical

adj. (of production of chemicals) made for commercial purposes especially on a large scale; resulting from or dependent on market factors rather than fundamental economic considerations; characterizing or showing skill in or specialized knowledge of applied arts and sciences; of or relating to technique; of or relating to proficiency in a practical skill; of or relating to a practical subject that is organized according to scientific principles; noun a pickup truck with a gun mounted on it; (basketball) a foul that can be assessed on a player or a coach or a team for unsportsmanlike conduct; does not usually involve physical contact during play

indolent

adj. (of tumors e.g) slow to heal or develop and usually painless; disinclined to work or exertion

identical

adj. (of twins) derived from a single egg or ovum; coinciding exactly when superimposed; having properties with uniform values along all axes; exactly alike; incapable of being perceived as different; being the exact same one; not any other:

susceptible

adj. (often followed by `of' or `to') yielding readily to or capable of; easily impressed emotionally

superior

adj. (often followed by `to') above being affected or influenced by; (sometimes followed by `to') not subject to or influenced by; of or characteristic of high rank or importance; of high or superior quality or performance; having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earth's orbit; having a higher rank; written or printed above and to one side of another character; noun a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth; the head of a religious community; one of greater rank or station or quality; a character or symbol set or printed or written above and immediately to one side of another character; the largest freshwater lake in the world; the deepest of the Great Lakes; a combatant who is able to defeat rivals

every

adj. (used of count nouns) each and all of the members of a group considered singly and without exception; each and all of a series of entities or intervals as specified

mean

adj. (used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity; excellent; of no value or worth; (used of sums of money) so small in amount as to deserve contempt; characterized by malice; having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality; approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value; marked by poverty befitting a beggar; noun an average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the numbers and dividing by some function of n; verb destine or designate for a certain purpose; denote or connote; mean or intend to express or convey; have a specified degree of importance; have in mind as a purpose; intend to refer to; have as a logical consequence

both

adj. (used with count nouns) two considered together; the two

capable

adj. (usually followed by `of') having capacity or ability; (followed by `of') having the temperament or inclination for; possibly accepting or permitting; having the requisite qualities for; have the skills and qualifications to do things well

able

adj. (usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something; having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity; have the skills and qualifications to do things well; having a strong healthy body

averse

adj. (usually followed by `to') strongly opposed

dual

adj. a grammatical number category referring to two items or units as opposed to one item (singular) or more than two items (plural); consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs; having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities

receptive

adj. able to absorb liquid (not repellent); open to arguments, ideas, or change; ready or willing to receive favorably; of a nerve fiber or impulse originating outside and passing toward the central nervous system

visual

adj. able to be seen; relating to or using sight

compatible

adj. able to exist and perform in harmonious or agreeable combination; capable of being used with or connected to other devices or components without modification; capable of forming a homogeneous mixture that neither separates nor is altered by chemical interaction; having similar disposition and tastes; (of a couple) existing together harmoniously

palatable

adj. acceptable to the taste or mind

TRUE

adj. accurately placed or thrown; accurately fitted; level; devoted (sometimes fanatically) to a cause or concept or truth; having a legally established claim; determined with reference to the earth's axis rather than the magnetic poles; rightly so called; consistent with fact or reality; not false; conforming to definitive criteria; in tune; accurate in pitch; expressing or given to expressing the truth; not pretended; sincerely felt or expressed; worthy of being depended on; adv. as acknowledged; noun proper alignment; the property possessed by something that is in correct or proper alignment; verb make level, square, balanced, or concentric

mediate

adj. acting through or dependent on an intervening agency; being neither at the beginning nor at the end in a series; verb occupy an intermediate or middle position or form a connecting link or stage between two others; act between parties with a view to reconciling differences

oriented

adj. adjusted or located in relation to surroundings or circumstances; sometimes used in combination

mental

adj. affected by a disorder of the mind; involving the mind or an intellectual process; of or relating to the chin- or liplike structure in insects and certain mollusks; of or relating to the mind; of or relating to the chin or median part of the lower jaw

homogeneous

adj. all of the same or similar kind or nature

permeable

adj. allowing fluids or gases to pass or diffuse through

numerous

adj. amounting to a large indefinite number

plausible

adj. apparently reasonable and valid, and truthful; given to or characterized by presenting specious arguments

intellectual

adj. appealing to or using the intellect; of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; of or relating to the intellect; involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct; noun a person who uses the mind creatively

above

adj. appearing earlier in the same text; adv. at an earlier place; in or to a place that is higher; noun an earlier section of a written text

credible

adj. appearing to merit belief or acceptance; capable of being believed; a common but incorrect usage where `credulous' would be appropriate

military

adj. associated with or performed by armed services as contrasted with civilians; characteristic of or associated with soldiers or the military; of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare; noun the military forces of a nation

arbitrary

adj. based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

tenable

adj. based on sound reasoning or evidence

hypothetical

adj. based primarily on surmise rather than adequate evidence; noun a hypothetical possibility, circumstance, statement, proposal, situation, etc.

essential

adj. basic and fundamental; absolutely required and not to be used up or sacrificed; absolutely necessary; vitally necessary; being or relating to or containing the essence of a plant etc; defining rights and duties as opposed to giving the rules by which rights and duties are established; of the greatest importance; noun anything indispensable

singular

adj. being a single and separate person or thing; grammatical number category referring to a single item or unit; composed of one member, set, or kind; the single one of its kind; beyond or deviating from the usual or expected; unusual or striking; noun the form of a word that is used to denote a singleton

set

adj. being below the horizon; converted to solid form (as concrete); fixed and unmoving; set down according to a plan:"a carefully laid table with places set for four people"; (usually followed by `to' or `for') on the point of or strongly disposed; situated in a particular spot or position; determined or decided upon as by an authority; noun several exercises intended to be done in series; the act of putting something in position; any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals; (psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way; the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon; a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used; (mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols; an unofficial association of people or groups; evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris; a unit of play in tennis or squash; representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production; a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way; the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization; verb set to a certain position or cause to operate correctly; put into a certain state; cause to be in a certain state; establish as the highest level or best performance; give a fine, sharp edge to a knife or razor; insert (a nail or screw below the surface, as into a countersink); fix in a border; put into a position that will restore a normal state; apply or start; locate; disappear beyond the horizon; arrange attractively; bear fruit; alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard; make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc; get ready for a particular purpose or event; equip with sails or masts; become gelatinous; estimate; fix conclusively or authoritatively; decide upon or fix definitely; urge a dog to attack someone; put into a certain place or abstract location; put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground; adapt for performance in a different way; set in type

nascent

adj. being born or beginning

efficient

adj. being effective without wasting time or effort or expense; able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively

equivalent

adj. being essentially equal to something; equal in amount or value; noun the atomic weight of an element that has the same combining capacity as a given weight of another element; the standard is 8 for oxygen; a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc

parallel

adj. being everywhere equidistant and not intersecting; of or relating to the simultaneous performance of multiple operations; noun something having the property of being analogous to something else; an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator; verb make or place parallel to something; be parallel to; duplicate or match

formal

adj. being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress); (of spoken and written language) adhering to traditional standards of correctness and without casual, contracted, and colloquial forms; logically deductive; characteristic of or befitting a person in authority; refined or imposing in manner or appearance; befitting a royal court; represented in simplified or symbolic form; noun a gown for evening wear; a lavish dance requiring formal attire

mere

adj. being nothing more than specified; apart from anything else; without additions or modifications; noun a small pond of standing water

divine

adj. being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods; emanating from God; being or having the nature of a god; appropriate to or befitting a god; devoted to or in the service or worship of a deity; resulting from divine providence; noun terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God; a clergyman or other person in religious orders; verb search by divining, as if with a rod; perceive intuitively or through some inexplicable perceptive powers

superficial

adj. being or affecting or concerned with a surface; not deep or penetrating emotionally or intellectually; of little substance or significance; relating to a surface; involving a surface only

individual

adj. being or characteristic of a single thing or person; separate and distinct from others of the same kind; concerning one person exclusively; characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing; noun a single organism; a human being

vernacular

adj. being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language; noun the everyday speech of the people (as distinguished from literary language); a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves)

fundamental

adj. being or involving basic facts or principles; far-reaching and thoroughgoing in effect especially on the nature of something; serving as an essential component; noun the lowest tone of a harmonic series

innovative

adj. being or producing something like nothing done or experienced or created before; ahead of the times

strident

adj. being sharply insistent on being heard; unpleasantly loud and harsh; of speech sounds produced by forcing air through a constricted passage (as `f', `s', `z', or `th' in both `thin' and `then'); conspicuously and offensively loud; given to vehement outcry

first

adj. being the gear producing the lowest drive speed; ranking above all others; preceding all others in time or space or degree; highest in pitch or chief among parts or voices or instruments or orchestra sections; indicating the beginning unit in a series; serving to begin; serving to set in motion; adv. before anything else; the initial time; before another in time, space, or importance; prominently forward; noun an honours degree of the highest class; the first element in a countable series; the first or highest in an ordering or series; the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed at first of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate); the lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; used to start a car moving; the time at which something is supposed to begin

female

adj. being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop; for or pertaining to or composed of women or girls; characteristic of or peculiar to a woman; noun an animal that produces gametes (ova) that can be fertilized by male gametes (spermatozoa); a person who belongs to the sex that can have babies

male

adj. being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that perform the fertilizing function in generation; for or pertaining to or composed of men or boys; characteristic of a man; noun an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes (ova); the capital of Maldives in the center of the islands; a person who belongs to the sex that cannot have babies

duplicate

adj. being two identical; identically copied from an original; noun a copy that corresponds to an original exactly; something additional of the same kind; verb make or do or perform again; make a duplicate or duplicates of; increase twofold; duplicate or match

implicit

adj. being without doubt or reserve; implied though not directly expressed; inherent in the nature of something

objective

adj. belonging to immediate experience of actual things or events; undistorted by emotion or personal bias; based on observable phenomena; emphasizing or expressing things as perceived without distortion of personal feelings, insertion of fictional matter, or interpretation; serving as or indicating the object of a verb or of certain prepositions and used for certain other purposes; noun the lens or system of lenses in a telescope or microscope that is nearest the object being viewed; the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable)

flexible

adj. bending and snapping back readily without breaking; able to flex; able to bend easily; capable of being changed; making or willing to make concessions; able to adjust readily to different conditions

paternalistic

adj. benevolent but sometimes intrusive

finite

adj. bounded or limited in magnitude or spatial or temporal extent; of verbs; relating to forms of the verb that are limited in time by a tense and (usually) show agreement with number and person

succinct

adj. briefly giving the gist of something

summary

adj. briefly giving the gist of something; performed speedily and without formality; noun a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form

feasible

adj. capable of being done with means at hand and circumstances as they are

explicable

adj. capable of being explicated or accounted for

evident

adj. capable of being seen or noticed; clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

malleable

adj. capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out; easily influenced

real

adj. capable of being treated as fact; being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory; no less than what is stated; worthy of the name; being value measured in terms of purchasing power; not to be taken lightly; (of property) fixed or immovable; having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary; coinciding with reality; being or reflecting the essential or genuine character of something; adv. used as intensifiers; `real' is sometimes used informally for `really'; `rattling' is informal; noun an old small silver Spanish coin; any rational or irrational number

vulnerable

adj. capable of being wounded or hurt; susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation; susceptible to attack

viable

adj. capable of life or normal growth and development; capable of being done with means at hand and circumstances as they are

mutable

adj. capable of or tending to change in form or quality or nature

fertile

adj. capable of reproducing; marked by great fruitfulness; bearing in abundance especially offspring; intellectually productive

utility

adj. capable of substituting in any of several positions on a team; used of beef; usable but inferior; noun the service (electric power or water or transportation) provided by a public utility; a facility composed of one or more pieces of equipment connected to or part of a structure and designed to provide a service such as heat or electricity or water or sewage disposal; the quality of being of practical use; a company that performs a public service; subject to government regulation; (economics) a measure that is to be maximized in any situation involving choice; (computer science) a program designed for general support of the processes of a computer

paternal

adj. characteristic of a father; belonging to or inherited from one's father; relating to or characteristic of or befitting a parent; related on the father's side

maternal

adj. characteristic of a mother; relating to or derived from one's mother; relating to or characteristic of or befitting a parent; related on the mother's side

colloquial

adj. characteristic of informal spoken language or conversation

peculiar

adj. characteristic of one only; distinctive or special; markedly different from the usual; beyond or deviating from the usual or expected; unique or specific to a person or thing or category

modern

adj. characteristic of present-day art and music and literature and architecture; used of a living language; being the current stage in its development; belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages; relating to a recently developed fashion or style; ahead of the times; noun a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes; a contemporary person

classic

adj. characteristic of the classical artistic and literary traditions; adhering to established standards and principles; noun a creation of the highest excellence; an artist who has created classic works

dynamic

adj. characterized by action or forcefulness or force of personality; of or relating to dynamics; expressing action rather than a state of being; used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water'); noun an efficient incentive

internecine

adj. characterized by bloodshed and carnage for both sides; (of conflict) within a group or organization

factual

adj. characterized by fact; of or relating to or characterized by facts; existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not; existing in act or fact

unitary

adj. characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is held by one central authority; of or pertaining to or involving the use of units; relating to or characterized by or aiming toward unity; having the indivisible character of a unit

repetitive

adj. characterized by repetition; persistently continual

laborious

adj. characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

trenchant

adj. clearly or sharply defined to the mind; characterized by or full of force and vigor; having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought, expression, or intellect

apparent

adj. clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment; appearing as such but not necessarily so

manifest

adj. clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment; noun a customs document listing the contents put on a ship or plane; verb reveal its presence or make an appearance; record in a ship's manifest; provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes

congruent

adj. coinciding when superimposed; corresponding in character or kind

found

adj. come upon unexpectedly or after searching; noun food and lodging provided in addition to money; verb use as a basis for; found on; set up or lay the groundwork for; set up or found

future

adj. coming at a subsequent time or stage; (of elected officers) elected but not yet serving; yet to be or coming; effective in or looking toward the future; a verb tense or other formation referring to events or states that have not yet happened; noun bulk commodities bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date; a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the future; the time yet to come

standard

adj. commonly used or supplied; regularly and widely used or sold; established or widely recognized as a model of authority or excellence; conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind; conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers; noun any distinctive flag; an upright pole or beam (especially one used as a support); a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated; the value behind the money in a monetary system; a board measure = 1980 board feet; the ideal in terms of which something can be judged

complex

adj. complicated in structure; consisting of interconnected parts; noun a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts; (psychoanalysis) a combination of emotions and impulses that have been rejected from awareness but still influence a person's behavior; a compound described in terms of the central atom to which other atoms are bound or coordinated; a whole structure (as a building) made up of interconnected or related structures

theoretical

adj. concerned primarily with theories or hypotheses rather than practical considerations; concerned with theories rather than their practical applications

ideological

adj. concerned with or suggestive of ideas

moral

adj. concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles; psychological rather than physical or tangible in effect; arising from the sense of right and wrong; relating to principles of right and wrong; i.e. to morals or ethics; adhering to ethical and moral principles; noun the significance of a story or event

mutual

adj. concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return; common to or shared by two or more parties

international

adj. concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations; from or between other countries; noun any of several international socialist organizations

brief

adj. concise and succinct; of short duration or distance; (of clothing) very short; noun a condensed written summary or abstract; a document stating the facts and points of law of a client's case; verb give essential information to someone

esoteric

adj. confined to and understandable by only an enlightened inner circle

typical

adj. conforming to a type; exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category; of a feature that helps to distinguish a person or thing

ethical

adj. conforming to accepted standards of social or professional behavior; adhering to ethical and moral principles; of or relating to the philosophical study of ethics

normal

adj. conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal; being approximately average or within certain limits in e.g. intelligence and development; in accordance with scientific laws; forming a right angle; noun something regarded as a normative example

respective

adj. considered individually

various

adj. considered individually; of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity; distinctly dissimilar or unlike; having great diversity or variety

composite

adj. consisting of separate interconnected parts; of or relating to or belonging to the plant family Compositae; noun considered the most highly evolved dicotyledonous plants, characterized by florets arranged in dense heads that resemble single flowers; a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts

prominent

adj. conspicuous in position or importance; having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

miscellaneous

adj. constituting a grab-bag category; consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds (even to the point of incongruity)

discrete

adj. constituting a separate entity or part

ideal

adj. constituting or existing only in the form of an idea or mental image or conception; conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal; of or relating to the philosophical doctrine of the reality of ideas; noun the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain; model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal

total

adj. constituting the full quantity or extent; complete; complete in extent or degree and in every particular; without conditions or limitations; including everything; noun the whole amount; a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers; verb damage beyond the point of repair; determine the sum of; add up in number or quantity

integral

adj. constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged; existing as an essential constituent or characteristic; noun the result of a mathematical integration; F(x) is the integral of f(x) if dF/dx = f(x)

erroneous

adj. containing or characterized by error

invidious

adj. containing or implying a slight or showing prejudice

analogous

adj. corresponding in function but not in evolutionary origin; similar or equivalent in some respects though otherwise dissimilar

commensurate

adj. corresponding in size or degree or extent

base

adj. debased; not genuine; illegitimate; having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality; of low birth or station (`base' is archaic in this sense); not adhering to ethical or moral principles; (used of metals) consisting of or alloyed with inferior metal; serving as or forming a base; noun a support or foundation; place that runner must touch before scoring; (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector; installation from which a military force initiates operations; a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit; the principal ingredient of a mixture; the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end; (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment; the bottom or lowest part; (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place; the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed; any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water; lowest support of a structure; the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area; the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained; (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; a lower limit; a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries; the most important or necessary part of something; verb use as a basis for; found on; assign to a station; use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes

mosaic

adj. decorated with small pieces of colored glass or stone fitted together; of or relating to Moses or the laws and writings attributed to him; noun art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass; assembly of aerial photographs forming a composite picture; transducer formed by the light-sensitive surface on a television camera tube; a pattern resembling a mosaic; a freeware browser; viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leaves

weak

adj. deficient in intelligence or mental power; likely to fail under stress or pressure; not having authority, political strength, or governing power; (used of verbs) having standard (or regular) inflection; deficient or lacking in some skill; having little physical or spiritual strength; tending downward in price; overly diluted; thin and insipid; having the attributes of man as opposed to e.g. divine beings; deficient in magnitude; barely perceptible; lacking clarity or brightness or loudness etc; lacking physical strength or vitality; used of vowels or syllables; pronounced with little or no stress

sterile

adj. deficient in originality or creativity; lacking powers of invention; incapable of reproducing; free of or using methods to keep free of pathological microorganisms

scarce

adj. deficient in quantity or number compared with the demand; not enough; hard to find; adv. by a small margin

stringent

adj. demanding strict attention to rules and procedures

empirical

adj. derived from experiment and observation rather than theory; relying on medical quackery

material

adj. derived from or composed of matter; directly relevant to a matter especially a law case; concerned with or affecting physical as distinct from intellectual or psychological well-being; concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests; having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary; having material or physical form or substance; noun things needed for doing or making something; information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form; a person judged suitable for admission or employment; the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object; artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

endogenous

adj. derived or originating internally; of or resembling an endogen

graphic

adj. describing nudity or sexual activity in graphic detail; evoking lifelike images within the mind; written or drawn or engraved; relating to or presented by a graph; of or relating to the graphic arts; noun an image that is generated by a computer

culpable

adj. deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious

preliminary

adj. designed to orient or acquaint with a situation before proceeding; noun something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows; a minor match preceding the main event

decisive

adj. determining or having the power to determine an outcome; characterized by decision and firmness; unmistakable; forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis

militant

adj. disposed to warfare or hard-line policies; showing a fighting disposition; engaged in war; noun a militant reformer

diverse

adj. distinctly dissimilar or unlike; many and different

rapid

adj. done or occurring in a brief period of time; characterized by speed; moving with or capable of moving with high speed; noun a part of a river where the current is very fast

precipitate

adj. done with very great haste and without due deliberation; noun a precipitated solid substance in suspension or after settling or filtering; verb separate as a fine suspension of solid particles; hurl or throw violently; bring about abruptly; fall vertically, sharply, or headlong; fall from clouds

prior

adj. earlier in time; noun the head of a religious order; in an abbey the prior is next below the abbot

holistic

adj. emphasizing the organic or functional relation between parts and the whole

prevalent

adj. encountered generally especially at the present time

professional

adj. engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood; characteristic of or befitting a profession or one engaged in a profession; engaged in by members of a profession; of or relating to a profession; of or relating to or suitable as a profession; noun a person engaged in one of the learned professions; an athlete who plays for pay; an authority qualified to teach apprentices

appreciable

adj. enough to be estimated or measured

center

adj. equally distant from the extremes; of or belonging to neither the right nor the left politically or intellectually; noun a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the jump that starts the game; the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play; the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game; a building dedicated to a particular activity; a cluster of nerve cells governing a specific bodily process; the object upon which interest and attention focuses; the sweet central portion of a piece of candy that is enclosed in chocolate or some other covering; politically moderate persons; centrists; the middle of a military or naval formation; a place where some particular activity is concentrated; a point equidistant from the ends of a line or the extremities of a figure; an area that is approximately central within some larger region; (football) the person who plays center on the line of scrimmage and snaps the ball to the quarterback; (basketball) the person who plays center on a basketball team; (ice hockey) the person who plays center on a hockey team; the piece of ground in the outfield directly ahead of the catcher; mercantile establishment consisting of a carefully landscaped complex of shops representing leading merchandisers; usually includes restaurants and a convenient parking area; a modern version of the traditional marketplace; the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; verb move into the center; direct one's attention on something; center upon

radical

adj. especially of leaves; located at the base of a plant or stem; especially arising directly from the root or rootstock or a root-like stem; arising from or going to the root; of or relating to or constituting a linguistic root; (used of opinions and actions) far beyond the norm; markedly new or introducing radical change; noun a sign placed in front of an expression to denote that a root is to be extracted; a character conveying the lexical meaning of a logogram; a person who has radical ideas or opinions; (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule; an atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron; in the body it is usually an oxygen molecule than has lost an electron and will stabilize itself by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule

uniform

adj. evenly spaced; always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences; not differentiated; the same throughout in structure or composition; noun clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification; verb provide with uniforms

malign

adj. evil or harmful in nature or influence; having or exerting a malignant influence; verb speak unfavorably about

rapacious

adj. excessively greedy and grasping; devouring or craving food in great quantities; living by preying on other animals especially by catching living prey

parsimonious

adj. excessively unwilling to spend

exclusive

adj. excluding much or all; especially all but a particular group or minority; not divided or shared with others; not divided among or brought to bear on more than one object or objective; noun a news report that is reported first by one news organization

dominant

adj. exercising influence or control; (of genes) producing the same phenotype whether its allele is identical or dissimilar; noun (music) the fifth note of the diatonic scale; an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different

certain

adj. exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance; established beyond doubt or question; definitely known; having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured; certain to occur; destined or inevitable; definite but not specified or identified; reliable in operation or effect; established irrevocably

deep

adj. exhibiting great cunning usually with secrecy; strong; intense; very distant in time or space; having great spatial extension or penetration downward or inward from an outer surface or backward or laterally or outward from a center; sometimes used in combination; relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply; with head or back bent low; large in quantity or size; extreme; marked by depth of thinking; relatively thick from top to bottom; extending relatively far inward; difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge; of an obscure nature; having or denoting a low vocal or instrumental range; (of darkness) very intense; adv. to far into space; to an advanced time; to a great depth; noun literary term for an ocean; the central and most intense or profound part; a long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor

consensual

adj. existing by consent

virtual

adj. existing in essence or effect though not in actual fact; being actually such in almost every respect

effective

adj. existing in fact; not theoretical; real; able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; exerting force or influence; producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; works well as a means or remedy; ready for service

nominal

adj. existing in name only; insignificantly small; a matter of form only (`tokenish' is informal); being value in terms of specification on currency or stock certificates rather than purchasing power; pertaining to a noun or to a word group that functions as a noun; relating to or constituting or bearing or giving a name; named; bearing the name of a specific person; noun a phrase that can function as the subject or object of a verb

potential

adj. existing in possibility; expected to become or be; in prospect; noun the inherent capacity for coming into being; the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts

negative

adj. expressing or consisting of a negation or refusal or denial; having the quality of something harmful or unpleasant; characterized by or displaying negation or denial or opposition or resistance; having no positive features; less than zero; reckoned in a direction opposite to that regarded as positive; not indicating the presence of microorganisms or disease or a specific condition; having a negative electric charge; involving disadvantage or harm; designed or tending to discredit, especially without positive or helpful suggestions; noun a piece of photographic film showing an image with black and white tones reversed; a reply of denial; verb vote against; refuse to endorse; refuse to assent

significant

adj. fairly large; important in effect or meaning; too closely correlated to be attributed to chance and therefore indicating a systematic relation; rich in significance or implication

hospitable

adj. favorable to life and growth; disposed to treat guests and strangers with cordiality and generosity; having an open mind

egalitarian

adj. favoring social equality; noun a person who believes in the equality of all people

concomitant

adj. following as a consequence; noun an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another

consequent

adj. following as an effect or result

subsequent

adj. following in time or order

special

adj. for a special service or occasion; adapted to or reserved for a particular purpose; surpassing what is common or usual or expected; having a specific function or scope; unique or specific to a person or thing or category; first and most important; added to a regular schedule; noun a television production that features a particular person or work or topic; a special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising; a dish or meal given prominence in e.g. a restaurant

taboo

adj. forbidden to profane use especially in South Pacific islands; excluded from use or mention; noun an inhibition or ban resulting from social custom or emotional aversion; a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature; verb declare as sacred and forbidden

positive

adj. formally laid down or imposed; characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc.; greater than zero; reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion; indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen; having a positive electric charge; involving advantage or good; persuaded of; very sure; marked by excessive confidence; impossible to deny or disprove; of or relating to positivism; noun a film showing a photographic image whose tones correspond to those of the original subject

incorporate

adj. formed or united into a whole; verb unite or merge with something already in existence; form a corporation; include or contain; have as a component; make into a whole or make part of a whole

conclusive

adj. forming an end or termination; especially putting an end to doubt or question; final and deciding; expressing finality with no implication of possible change

correct

adj. free from error; especially conforming to fact or truth; socially right or correct; in accord with accepted standards of usage or procedure; correct in opinion or judgment; verb treat a defect; make right or correct; alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard; censure severely; go down in value; make reparations or amends for; punish in order to gain control or enforce obedience; adjust for

secure

adj. free from fear or doubt; easy in mind; free from danger or risk; not likely to fail or give way; kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss; financially sound; able to withstand attack; verb assure payment of; make certain of; furnish with battens; cause to be firmly attached; fill or close tightly with or as if with a plug; get by special effort

frequent

adj. frequently encountered; coming at short intervals or habitually; verb be a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place; do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

strong

adj. freshly made or left; not faint or feeble; of verbs not having standard (or regular) inflection; having strength or power greater than average or expected; strong and sure; being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content; having a strong physiological or chemical effect; having or wielding force or authority; of good quality and condition; solidly built; able to withstand attack

mature

adj. fully considered and perfected; having reached full natural growth or development; characteristic of maturity; (of birds) having developed feathers or plumage; often used in combination; fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used; verb develop and reach maturity; undergo maturation; become due for repayment; develop and work out fully in one's mind; cause to ripen and discharge pus; grow old or older; cause to ripen or develop fully

auxiliary

adj. functioning in a subsidiary or supporting capacity; furnishing added support; noun someone who acts as assistant

ancillary

adj. furnishing added support

permissive

adj. granting or inclined or able to grant permission; not strict in discipline; not preventive

preeminent

adj. greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement

criminal

adj. guilty of crime or serious offense; involving or being or having the nature of a crime; bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure; noun someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime

external

adj. happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; purely outward or superficial; from or between other countries; coming from the outside; noun outward features

internal

adj. happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface; occurring within an institution or community; located inward; inside the country; innermost or essential

spontaneous

adj. happening or arising without apparent external cause; said or done without having been planned or written in advance

high

adj. happy and excited and energetic; slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana); (literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension (sometimes used in combinations like `knee-high'); greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount; used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency; (used of the smell of meat) smelling spoiled or tainted; standing above others in quality or position; adv. at a great altitude; far up toward the source; in or to a high position, amount, or degree; in a rich manner; noun a lofty level or position or degree; a high place; a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics; a state of sustained elation; an air mass of higher than normal pressure; a forward gear with a gear ratio that gives the greatest vehicle velocity for a given engine speed; a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12

deleterious

adj. harmful to living things

cursory

adj. hasty and without attention to detail; not thorough

relevant

adj. having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue

lucid

adj. having a clear mind; (of language) transparently clear; easily understandable; transmitting light; able to be seen through with clarity; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner

concentric

adj. having a common center

polar

adj. having a pair of equal and opposite charges; of or existing at or near a geographical pole or within the Arctic or Antarctic Circles; located at or near or coming from the earth's poles; being of crucial importance; extremely cold; characterized by opposite extremes; completely opposed

worth

adj. having a specified value; having sufficient worth; noun the quality that renders something desirable or valuable or useful; French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895); an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

ambitious

adj. having a strong desire for success or achievement; requiring full use of your abilities or resources

utilitarian

adj. having a useful function; having utility often to the exclusion of values; noun someone who believes that the value of a thing depends on its utility

skew

adj. having an oblique or slanting direction or position; verb turn or place at an angle

owned

adj. having an owner; often used in combination

large

adj. having broad power and range and scope; above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent; fairly large or important in effect; influential; in an advanced stage of pregnancy; conspicuous in position or importance; generous and understanding and tolerant; ostentatiously lofty in style; adv. with the wind abaft the beam; at a distance, wide of something (as of a mark); in a boastful manner; noun a garment size for a large person

germane

adj. having close kinship and appropriateness

complete

adj. having every necessary or normal part or component or step; having come or been brought to a conclusion; perfect and complete in every respect; having all necessary qualities; without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers; highly skilled; verb bring to a whole, with all the necessary parts or elements; come or bring to a finish or an end; write all the required information onto a form; complete a pass; complete or carry out

human

adj. having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings; characteristic of humanity; relating to a person; noun any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage

consequential

adj. having important issues or results

rational

adj. having its source in or being guided by the intellect (distinguished from experience or emotion); consistent with or based on or using reason; capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers; of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; noun an integer or a fraction

multifarious

adj. having many aspects

ambiguous

adj. having more than one possible meaning; having no intrinsic or objective meaning; not organized in conventional patterns; open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead

familiar

adj. having mutual interests or affections; of established friendship; well known or easily recognized; within normal everyday experience; common and ordinary; not strange; (usually followed by `with') well informed about or knowing thoroughly; noun a spirit (usually in animal form) that acts as an assistant to a witch or wizard; a person attached to the household of a high official (as a pope or bishop) who renders service in return for support; a person who is frequently in the company of another

common

adj. having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual; belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public; commonly encountered; being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language; of or associated with the great masses of people; to be expected; standard; common to or shared by two or more parties; lacking refinement or cultivation or taste; of low or inferior quality or value; noun a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area

multiple

adj. having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual; noun the product of a quantity by an integer

focal

adj. having or localized centrally at a focus; of or relating to a focus

practical

adj. having or put to a practical purpose or use; concerned with actual use or practice; guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory; being actually such in almost every respect

expert

adj. having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude; noun a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully

associate

adj. having partial rights and privileges or subordinate status; noun any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another; a person who joins with others in some activity; a degree granted by a two-year college on successful completion of the undergraduates course of studies; a person who is frequently in the company of another; verb make a logical or causal connection; bring or come into association or action; keep company with; hang out with

pertinent

adj. having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand; being of striking appropriateness and pertinence

comparative

adj. having significance only in relation to something else; relating to or based on or involving comparison; noun the comparative form of an adjective

quasi

adj. having some resemblance

substantial

adj. having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary; having a firm basis in reality and being therefore important, meaningful, or considerable; "substantial equivalents"; fairly large; of good quality and condition; solidly built; providing abundant nourishment

paramount

adj. having superior power and influence

predominant

adj. having superior power and influence; most frequent or common

predominate

adj. having superior power and influence; verb be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance; appear very large or occupy a commanding position

second

adj. having the second highest gear ratio; coming next after first; a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first; coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude; adv. in the second place; noun a speech seconding a motion; the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match; a 60th part of a minute of arc; following the first in an ordering or series; 1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites; the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the second of the bases in the infield; merchandise that has imperfections; usually sold at a reduced price without the brand name; the gear that has the second lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; a particular point in time; an indefinitely short time; verb transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment; give support or one's approval to

double

adj. having two meanings with intent to deceive; large enough for two; twice as great or many; consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs; having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities; used of flowers having more than the usual number of petals in crowded or overlapping arrangements; used of homologous chromosomes associated in pairs in synapsis; adv. two together; downward and forward; to double the degree; noun a base hit on which the batter stops safely at second base; a quantity that is twice as great as another; someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); a stand-in for movie stars to perform dangerous stunts; raising the stakes in a card game by a factor of 2; verb increase twofold; hit a two-base hit; do double duty; serve two purposes or have two functions; bridge: make a demand for (a card or suit); make or do or perform again; bend over or curl up, usually with laughter or pain

slave

adj. held in servitude; noun a person who is owned by someone; someone who works as hard as a slave; someone entirely dominated by some influence or person; verb work very hard, like a slave

bond

adj. held in slavery; noun British secret operative 007 in novels by Ian Fleming; United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940); a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal; a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents; a connection that fastens things together; a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner); the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition; an electrical force linking atoms; (criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial; a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest; verb bring together in a common cause or emotion; issue bonds on; stick to firmly; create social or emotional ties

unique

adj. highly unusual or rare but not the single instance; (followed by `to') applying exclusively to a given category or condition or locality; radically distinctive and without equal; the single one of its kind

equitable

adj. implying justice dictated by reason, conscience, and a natural sense of what is fair to all

indivisible

adj. impossible of undergoing division

inescapable

adj. impossible to avoid or evade:"inescapable conclusion"

irreconcilable

adj. impossible to reconcile

insuperable

adj. impossible to surmount; incapable of being surmounted or excelled

pure

adj. in a state of sexual virginity; concerned with theory and data rather than practice; opposed to applied; free from discordant qualities; (used of persons or behaviors) having no faults; sinless; free of extraneous elements of any kind; (of color) being chromatically pure; not diluted with white or grey or black; without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers

regular

adj. in accord with regular practice or procedure; relating to a person who does something regularly; officially full-time; not deviating from what is normal; in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle; (of solids) having clear dimensions that can be measured; volume can be determined with a suitable geometric formula; (used of the military) belonging to or engaged in by legitimate army forces; conforming to a standard or pattern; regularly scheduled for fixed times; often used as intensifiers; not constipated; occurring at fixed intervals; symmetrically arranged; noun a garment size for persons of average height and weight; a regular patron; a dependable follower (especially in party politics); a soldier in the regular army

adverse

adj. in an opposing direction; contrary to your interests or welfare

instant

adj. in or of the present month; demanding attention; occurring with no delay; noun a particular point in time; a very short time (as the time it takes the eye blink or the heart to beat)

verbatim

adj. in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker; adv. using exactly the same words

inherent

adj. in the nature of something though not readily apparent; existing as an essential constituent or characteristic

inevitable

adj. incapable of being avoided or prevented; invariably occurring or appearing; noun an unavoidable event

insupportable

adj. incapable of being justified or explained

rigid

adj. incapable of or resistant to bending; designating an airship or dirigible having a form maintained by a stiff unyielding frame or structure; incapable of compromise or flexibility; incapable of adapting or changing to meet circumstances; fixed and unmoving

submissive

adj. inclined or willing to submit to orders or wishes of others or showing such inclination; abjectly submissive; characteristic of a slave or servant

whole

adj. including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete; (of siblings) having the same parents; acting together as a single undiversified whole; exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health; not impaired or diminished in any way; wholly unharmed; including everything; adv. to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (`whole' is often used informally for `wholly'); noun an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity; all of something including all its component elements or parts

comprehensive

adj. including all or everything; broad in scope; noun an intensive examination testing a student's proficiency in some special field of knowledge

disparate

adj. including markedly dissimilar elements; fundamentally different or distinct in quality or kind

inclusive

adj. including much or everything; and especially including stated limits

cumulative

adj. increasing by successive addition

tacit

adj. indicated by necessary connotation though not expressed directly

prima

adj. indicating the most important performer or role; noun used primarily as eating apples

hereditary

adj. inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent; tending to occur among members of a family usually by heredity

spurious

adj. intended to deceive; born out of wedlock; plausible but false

joint

adj. involving both houses of a legislature; united or combined; affecting or involving two or more; noun marijuana leaves rolled into a cigarette for smoking; junction by which parts or objects are joined together; a disreputable place of entertainment; (anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if it allows motion); a piece of meat roasted or for roasting and of a size for slicing into more than one portion; the shape or manner in which things come together and a connection is made; verb separate (meat) at the joint; fasten with a joint; provide with a joint; fit as if by joints

qualitative

adj. involving distinctions based on qualities; relating to or involving comparisons based on qualities

overall

adj. involving only main features; including everything; noun (usually plural) work clothing consisting of denim trousers (usually with a bib and shoulder straps); a loose protective coverall or smock worn over ordinary clothing for dirty work

causal

adj. involving or constituting a cause; causing

multinational

adj. involving or operating in several nations or nationalities

socioeconomic

adj. involving social as well as economic factors

global

adj. involving the entire earth; not limited or provincial in scope; having the shape of a sphere or ball

concerted

adj. involving the joint activity of two or more

previous

adj. just preceding something else in time or order; too soon or too hasty; (used especially of persons) of the immediate past

poignant

adj. keenly distressing to the mind or feelings; arousing affect

definite

adj. known for certain; precise; explicit and clearly defined

random

adj. lacking any definite plan or order or purpose; governed by or depending on chance; taken haphazardly

null

adj. lacking any legal or binding force; noun a quantity of no importance

direct

adj. lacking compromising or mitigating elements; exact; direct in spatial dimensions; proceeding without deviation or interruption; straight and short; (of a current) flowing in one direction only; extended senses; direct in means or manner or behavior or language or action; similar in nature or effect or relation to another quantity; moving from west to east on the celestial sphere; or--for planets--around the sun in the same direction as the Earth; having no intervening persons, agents, conditions; in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker; being an immediate result or consequence; in a straight unbroken line of descent from parent to child; adv. without deviation; verb command with authority; give directions to; point somebody into a certain direction; guide the actors in (plays and films); be in charge of; plan and direct (a complex undertaking); specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public; put an address on (an envelope); intend (something) to move towards a certain goal; aim or direct at; as of blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment; lead, as in the performance of a composition; direct the course; determine the direction of travelling; cause to go somewhere; take somebody somewhere

nebulous

adj. lacking definition or definite content; lacking definite form or limits; of or relating to or resembling a nebula

passive

adj. lacking in energy or will; expressing that the subject of the sentence is the patient of the action denoted by the verb; peacefully resistant in response to injustice; noun the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb

corrupt

adj. lacking in integrity; touched by rot or decay; containing errors or alterations; not straight; dishonest or immoral or evasive; verb alter from the original; corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality; place under suspicion or cast doubt upon; make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence

arid

adj. lacking vitality or spirit; lifeless; lacking sufficient water or rainfall

sizeable

adj. large in amount or extent or degree; fairly large

extensive

adj. large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity; of agriculture; increasing productivity by using large areas with minimal outlay and labor; broad in scope or content

considerable

adj. large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

transitory

adj. lasting a very short time

subject

adj. likely to be affected by something (especially something unpleasant); being under the power or sovereignty of another or others; not exempt from tax; possibly accepting or permitting; noun something (a person or object or scene) selected by an artist or photographer for graphic representation; (grammar) one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the grammatical constituent about which something is predicated; (logic) the first term of a proposition; the subject matter of a conversation or discussion; a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation; some situation or event that is thought about; a branch of knowledge; a person who owes allegiance to that nation; verb make accountable for; cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to; refer for judgment or consideration; make subservient; force to submit or subdue

minor

adj. limited in size or scope; inferior in number or size or amount; lesser in scope or effect; not of legal age; of a scale or mode; of your secondary field of academic concentration or specialization; of lesser importance or stature or rank; of lesser seriousness or danger; warranting only temporal punishment; noun a young person of either sex

egocentric

adj. limited to or caring only about yourself and your own needs; noun a self-centered person with little regard for others

low

adj. literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency; very low in volume; unrefined in character; being the gear producing the lowest drive speed; low in spirits; of the most contemptible kind; subdued or brought low in condition or status; no longer sufficient; low or inferior in station or quality; adv. in a low position; near the ground; noun a low level or position or degree; British political cartoonist (born in New Zealand) who created the character Colonel Blimp (1891-1963); an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; the lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; used to start a car moving; verb make a low noise, characteristic of bovines

rural

adj. living in or characteristic of farming or country life; relating to rural areas

hinder

adj. located at or near the back of an animal; verb put at a disadvantage; be a hindrance or obstacle to; hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of

approximate

adj. located close together; very close in resemblance; not quite exact or correct; verb be close or similar; judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)

waste

adj. located in a dismal or remote area; desolate; noun useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; (law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect; any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted; the trait of wasting resources; an uninhabited wilderness that is worthless for cultivation; verb waste away; cause to grow thin or weak; use inefficiently or inappropriately; run off as waste; get rid of; spend thoughtlessly; throw away; devastate or ravage; lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief; spend extravagantly; get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing

urban

adj. located in or characteristic of a city or city life; relating to or concerned with a city or densely populated area

absent

adj. lost in thought; showing preoccupation; not in a specified place physically or mentally; verb go away or leave

subordinate

adj. lower in rank or importance; subject or submissive to authority or the control of another; (of a clause) unable to stand alone syntactically as a complete sentence; inferior in rank or status; noun an assistant subject to the authority or control of another; a word that is more specific than a given word; verb make subordinate, dependent, or subservient; rank or order as less important or consider of less value

serendipitous

adj. lucky in making unexpected and fortunate discoveries

intermediate

adj. lying between two extremes in time or space or degree; around the middle of a scale of evaluation of physical measures; noun a substance formed during a chemical process before the desired product is obtained; verb act between parties with a view to reconciling differences

western

adj. lying toward or situated in the west; relating to or characteristic of regions of western parts of the world; of or characteristic of regions of the United States west of the Mississippi River; of wind; from the west; lying in or toward the west; noun a film about life in the western United States during the period of exploration and development; a sandwich made from a western omelet

habitual

adj. made a norm or custom or habit; having a habit of long standing; commonly used or practiced; usual

custom

adj. made according to the specifications of an individual; noun accepted or habitual practice; habitual patronage; a specific practice of long standing; money collected under a tariff

stable

adj. maintaining equilibrium; not taking part readily in chemical change; firm and dependable; subject to little fluctuation; resistant to change of position or condition; showing little if any change; noun a farm building for housing horses or other livestock; verb shelter in a stable

directed

adj. manageable by a supervising agent; (often used in combination) having a specified direction

vital

adj. manifesting or characteristic of life; performing an essential function in the living body; full of spirit; urgently needed; absolutely necessary

manifold

adj. many and varied; having many features or forms; noun a pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes; a set of points such as those of a closed surface or an analogue in three or more dimensions; a lightweight paper used with carbon paper to make multiple copies; verb make multiple copies of; combine or increase by multiplication

assiduous

adj. marked by care and persistent effort

intimate

adj. marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity; thoroughly acquainted through study or experience; involved in a sexual relationship; having mutual interests or affections; of established friendship; having or fostering a warm or friendly and informal atmosphere; innermost or essential; noun someone to whom private matters are confided; verb give to understand; imply as a possibility

elaborate

adj. marked by complexity and richness of detail; developed or executed with care and in minute detail; verb work out in detail; add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing; produce from basic elements or sources; change into a more developed product; make more complex, intricate, or richer

similar

adj. marked by correspondence or resemblance; (of words) expressing closely related meanings; resembling or similar; having the same or some of the same characteristics; often used in combination; having the same or similar characteristics; capable of replacing or changing places with something else; permitting mutual substitution without loss of function or suitability

social

adj. marked by friendly companionship with others; living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups; tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind; composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability; relating to human society and its members; relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society; noun a party of people assembled to promote sociability and communal activity

discreet

adj. marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint; heedful of potential consequences; unobtrusively perceptive and sympathetic

discriminate

adj. marked by the ability to see or make fine distinctions; noting distinctions with nicety; verb recognize or perceive the difference; distinguish; treat differently on the basis of sex or race

deviant

adj. markedly different from an accepted norm; noun a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior

aberrant

adj. markedly different from an accepted norm; noun one whose behavior departs substantially from the norm of a group

further

adj. more distant in especially degree; adv. to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense); in addition or furthermore; to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense); verb promote the growth of; contribute to the progress or growth of

excess

adj. more than is needed, desired, or required; noun immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits; a quantity much larger than is needed; excessive indulgence; the state of being more than full

superfluous

adj. more than is needed, desired, or required; serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

optimal

adj. most desirable possible under a restriction expressed or implied

chief

adj. most important element; noun a person who exercises control over workers; a person who is in charge

principal

adj. most important element; noun the major party to a financial transaction at a stock exchange; buys and sells for his own account; the educator who has executive authority for a school; capital as contrasted with the income derived from it; the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated; an actor who plays a principal role

interdependent

adj. mutually dependent

endemic

adj. native to or confined to a certain region; of or relating to a disease (or anything resembling a disease) constantly present to greater or lesser extent in a particular locality; originating where it is found; noun a plant that is native to a certain limited area; a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location

adjacent

adj. near or close to but not necessarily touching; nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space; having a common boundary or edge; touching

demonstrable

adj. necessarily or demonstrably true; capable of being demonstrated or proved

requisite

adj. necessary for relief or supply; noun anything indispensable

invalid

adj. no longer valid; having no cogency or legal force; noun someone who is incapacitated by a chronic illness or injury; verb force to retire, remove from active duty, as of firemen; injure permanently

inborn

adj. normally existing at birth; present at birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired during fetal development

relative

adj. not absolute or complete; properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by `to'; noun an animal or plant that bears a relationship to another (as related by common descent or by membership in the same genus); a person related by blood or marriage

ethnic

adj. not acknowledging the God of Christianity and Judaism and Islam; denoting or deriving from or distinctive of the ways of living built up by a group of people; noun a person who is a member of an ethnic group

suspect

adj. not as expected; noun someone who is under suspicion; a person or institution against whom an action is brought in a court of law; the person being sued or accused; verb imagine to be the case or true or probable; hold in suspicion; believe to be guilty; regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in

unwitting

adj. not aware or knowing; unaware because of a lack of relevant information or knowledge; not intentional

stationary

adj. not capable of being moved; standing still

inseparable

adj. not capable of being separated

commonplace

adj. not challenging; dull and lacking excitement; completely ordinary and unremarkable; repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse; noun a trite or obvious remark

vague

adj. not clearly understood or expressed; not precisely limited, determined, or distinguished; lacking clarity or distinctness

discontinuous

adj. not continuing without interruption in time or space; of a function or curve; possessing one or more discontinuities

authentic

adj. not counterfeit or copied; conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

independent

adj. not dependent on or conditioned by or relative to anything else; not contingent; free from external control and constraint; (of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence; not controlled by a party or interest group; (of political bodies) not controlled by outside forces; noun a writer or artist who sells services to different employers without a long-term contract with any of them; a neutral or uncommitted person (especially in politics)

primary

adj. not derived from or reducible to something else; basic; of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondhand; of primary importance; most important element; of or being the essential or basic part; noun a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen; one of the main flight feathers projecting along the outer edge of a bird's wing; coil forming the part of an electrical circuit such that changing current in it induces a current in a neighboring circuit

indirect

adj. not direct in spatial dimension; not leading by a straight line or course to a destination; extended senses; not direct in manner or language or behavior or action; having intervening factors or persons or influences; not as a direct effect or consequence; descended from a common ancestor but through different lines

single

adj. not divided among or brought to bear on more than one object or objective; having uniform application; existing alone or consisting of one entity or part or aspect or individual; used of flowers having usually only one row or whorl of petals; being or characteristic of a single thing or person; not married or related to the unmarried state; characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing; noun a base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base; verb hit a single

sole

adj. not divided or shared with others; being the only one; single and isolated from others; noun right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European; the underside of footwear or a golf club; the underside of the foot; lean flesh of any of several flatfish; verb put a new sole on

burdensome

adj. not easily borne; wearing

difficult

adj. not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure; requiring much effort and trouble; difficult to manage or control

extraneous

adj. not essential; not pertinent to the matter under consideration; not belonging to that in which it is contained; introduced from an outside source; coming from the outside

moderate

adj. not extreme; being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme; marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes; noun a person who takes a position in the political center; verb make less fast or intense; preside over; restrain or temper; make less strong or intense; soften; make less severe or harsh; lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits

informal

adj. not formal; used of spoken and written language; not officially recognized or controlled; having or fostering a warm or friendly and informal atmosphere

inimical

adj. not friendly

lay

adj. not of or from a profession; concerning those not members of the clergy; noun a narrative poem of popular origin; a narrative song with a recurrent refrain; verb put in a horizontal position; lay eggs; prepare or position for action or operation; impose as a duty, burden, or punishment; put into a certain place or abstract location

incidental

adj. not of prime or central importance; (sometimes followed by `to') minor or casual or subordinate in significance or nature or occurring as a chance concomitant or consequence; following as a consequence; noun an item that is incidental; (frequently plural) an expense not budgeted or not specified

wide

adj. not on target; having ample fabric; having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other; great in degree; broad in scope or content; very large in expanse or scope; (used of eyes) fully open or extended; adv. to or over a great extent or range; far; with or by a broad space; far from the intended target; to the fullest extent possible

inextricable

adj. not permitting extrication; incapable of being disentangled or untied

latent

adj. not presently active; potentially existing but not presently evident or realized

immutable

adj. not subject or susceptible to change or variation in form or quality or nature

express

adj. not tacit or implied; without unnecessary stops; adv. by express; noun rapid transport of goods; public transport consisting of a fast train or bus that makes only a few scheduled stops; mail that is distributed by a rapid and efficient system; verb articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise; give expression to; send by rapid transport or special messenger service; indicate through a symbol, formula, etc.; manifest the effects of (a gene or genetic trait); serve as a means for expressing something; obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action

intractable

adj. not tractable; difficult to manage or mold

signal

adj. notably out of the ordinary; noun any communication that encodes a message; any incitement to action; an electric quantity (voltage or current or field strength) whose modulation represents coded information about the source from which it comes; verb be a signal for or a symptom of; communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs

available

adj. obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service; convenient for use or disposal; not busy; not otherwise committed

intuitive

adj. obtained through intuition rather than from reasoning or observation; spontaneously derived from or prompted by a natural tendency

conspicuous

adj. obvious to the eye or mind; without any attempt at concealment; completely obvious

initial

adj. occurring at the beginning; noun the first letter of a word (especially a person's name); verb mark with one's initials

ground

noun (art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting; a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage); a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused; a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle); the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface; the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground; a rational motive for a belief or action; the solid part of the earth's surface; material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use); a relation that provides the foundation for something; the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface; verb instruct someone in the fundamentals of a subject; connect to a ground; hit onto the ground; hit a groundball; throw to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage; place or put on the ground; confine or restrict to the ground; hit or reach the ground; bring to the ground; use as a basis for; found on; fix firmly and stably; cover with a primer; apply a primer to

phase

noun (astronomy) the particular appearance of a body's state of illumination (especially one of the recurring shapes of the part of Earth's moon that is illuminated by the sun); (physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary; a particular point in the time of a cycle; measured from some arbitrary zero and expressed as an angle; any distinct time period in a sequence of events; verb adjust so as to be in a synchronized condition; arrange in phases or stages

error

noun (baseball) a failure of a defensive player to make an out when normal play would have sufficed; departure from what is ethically acceptable; a misconception resulting from incorrect information; part of a statement that is not correct; (computer science) the occurrence of an incorrect result produced by a computer; a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; inadvertent incorrectness

strike

noun (baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders; a score in tenpins: knocking down all ten with the first ball; an attack that is intended to seize or inflict damage on or destroy an objective; a group's refusal to work in protest against low pay or bad work conditions; a conspicuous success; a gentle blow; verb cause to form (an electric arc) between electrodes of an arc lamp; arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing; indicate (a certain time) by striking; make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target; produce by manipulating keys or strings of musical instruments, also metaphorically; pierce with force; deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon; remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line; produce by ignition or a blow; stop work in order to press demands; affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely; hit against; come into sudden contact with; smooth with a strickle; form by stamping, punching, or printing; have an emotional or cognitive impact upon; occupy or take on; drive something violently into a location; cause to experience suddenly; find unexpectedly; attain; touch or seem as if touching visually or audibly

antagonism

noun (biochemistry) interference in or inhibition of the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure; an actively expressed feeling of dislike and hostility; the relation between opposing principles or forces or factors; a state of deep-seated ill-will

evolution

noun (biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms; a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)

network

noun (broadcasting) a communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs; (electronics) a system of interconnected electronic components or circuits; a system of intersecting lines or channels; an interconnected system of things or people; an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals; verb communicate with and within a group

exchange

noun (chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value; (chess) gaining (or losing) a rook in return for a knight or bishop; reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money especially the currencies of different countries; the act of giving something in return for something received; the act of changing one thing for another thing; a workplace for buying and selling; open only to members; a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one); chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another; the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help"; (sports) an unbroken sequence of several successive strokes; a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication; verb give to, and receive from, one another; hand over one and receive another, approximately equivalent; change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence; exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; exchange a penalty for a less severe one

modem

noun (from a combination of MOdulate and DEModulate) electronic equipment consisting of a device used to connect computers by a telephone line

character

noun (genetics) an attribute (structural or functional) that is determined by a gene or group of genes; the inherent complex of attributes that determine a persons moral and ethical actions and reactions; an actor's portrayal of someone in a play; a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability; a written symbol that is used to represent speech; a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities); good repute; a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something; an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story); verb engrave or inscribe characters on

erosion

noun (geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it); a gradual decline of something; condition in which the earth's surface is worn away by the action of water and wind; erosion by chemical action

caveat

noun (law) a formal notice filed with a court or officer to suspend a proceeding until filer is given a hearing; a warning against certain acts

devise

noun (law) a gift of real property by will; a will disposing of real property; verb give by will, especially real property; come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort; arrange by systematic planning and united effort

rejoinder

noun (law) a pleading made by a defendant in response to the plaintiff's replication; a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)

rationale

noun (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature)

remit

noun (law) the act of remitting (especially the referral of a law case to another court); verb diminish or abate; forgive; refer (a matter or legal case) to another committee or authority or court for decision; release from (claims, debts, or taxes); send (money) in payment; make slack as by lessening tension or firmness; hold back to a later time

postulate

noun (logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning; verb take as a given; assume as a postulate or axiom; maintain or assert; require as useful, just, or proper

posit

noun (logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning; verb take as a given; assume as a postulate or axiom; put before; put (something somewhere) firmly

axiom

noun (logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof; its truth is assumed to be self-evident; a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

paradox

noun (logic) a statement that contradicts itself

corollary

noun (logic) an inference that follows directly from the proof of another proposition; a practical consequence that follows naturally

asymmetry

noun (mathematics) a lack of symmetry

symmetry

noun (mathematics) an attribute of a shape or relation; exact reflection of form on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane; balance among the parts of something; (physics) the property of being isotropic; having the same value when measured in different directions

flourish

noun (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments; the act of waving; a display of ornamental speech or language; a showy gesture; an ornamental embellishment in writing; verb grow stronger; move or swing back and forth; gain in wealth

atom

noun (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything; (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

effect

noun (of a law) having legal validity; an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work; a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; an outward appearance; a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; verb produce; act so as to bring into existence

cohesion

noun (physics) the intermolecular force that holds together the molecules in a solid or liquid; (botany) the process in some plants of parts growing together that are usually separate (such as petals); the state of cohering or sticking together

inertia

noun (physics) the tendency of a body to maintain is state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force; a disposition to remain inactive or inert

assist

noun (sports) the act of enabling another player to make a good play; the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; verb act as an assistant in a subordinate or supportive function; work for or be a servant to; give help or assistance; be of service

regard

noun (usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare; a feeling of friendship and esteem; a long fixed look; paying particular notice (as to children or helpless people); (usually preceded by `in') a detail or point; an attitude of admiration or esteem; the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded); verb look at attentively; deem to be; connect closely and often incriminatingly

notion

noun (usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items; a general inclusive concept; an odd or fanciful or capricious idea; a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

day

noun United States writer best known for his autobiographical works (1874-1935); a period of opportunity; some point or period in time; the recurring hours when you are not sleeping (especially those when you are working); time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis; a day assigned to a particular purpose or observance; the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside; the period of time taken by a particular planet (e.g. Mars) to make a complete rotation on its axis; an era of existence or influence; the time for one complete rotation of the earth relative to a particular star, about 4 minutes shorter than a mean solar day

mess

noun a (large) military dining room where service personnel eat or relax; a meal eaten in a mess hall by service personnel; soft semiliquid food; a state of confusion and disorderliness; (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent; informal terms for a difficult situation; verb make a mess of or create disorder in; eat in a mess hall

core

noun a bar of magnetic material (as soft iron) that passes through a coil and serves to increase the inductance of the coil; the chamber of a nuclear reactor containing the fissile material where the reaction takes place; a small group of indispensable persons or things; the center of an object; the central part of the Earth; a cylindrical sample of soil or rock obtained with a hollow drill; the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work; an organization founded by James Leonard Farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality; verb remove the core or center from

principle

noun a basic truth or law or assumption; a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system; a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct; a rule or standard especially of good behavior; rule of personal conduct; (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature)

hamper

noun a basket usually with a cover; a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner); verb prevent the progress or free movement of; put at a disadvantage

idiosyncrasy

noun a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

theory

noun a belief that can guide behavior; a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena; a tentative theory about the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena

monopoly

noun a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die; exclusive control or possession of something; (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

catalog

noun a book or pamphlet containing an enumeration of things; a complete list of things; usually arranged systematically; verb make an itemized list or catalog of; classify; make a catalogue, compile a catalogue

workshop

noun a brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving; small workplace where handcrafts or manufacturing are done

episode

noun a brief section of a literary or dramatic work that forms part of a connected series; a part of a broadcast serial; a happening that is distinctive in a series of related events; film consisting of a succession of related shots that develop a given subject in a movie

repository

noun a burial vault (usually for some famous person); a person to whom a secret is entrusted; a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping

overestimate

noun a calculation that results in an estimate that is too high; an appraisal that is too high; verb make too high an estimate of; assign too high a value to

businessperson

noun a capitalist who engages in industrial commercial enterprise

encounter

noun a casual meeting with a person of thing; a minor short-term fight; a hostile disagreement face-to-face; a casual or unexpected convergence; verb contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle; come together; come upon, as if by accident; meet with; be beset by; experience as a reaction

reform

noun a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses; self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice; a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices; verb change for the better; make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices; improve by alteration or correction of errors or defects and put into a better condition; break up the molecules of; produce by cracking; bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one

note

noun a characteristic emotional quality; a brief written record; a short personal letter; a comment or instruction (usually added); a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound; a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling; a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time; a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank); high status importance owing to marked superiority; verb make mention of; make a written note of; observe with care or pay close attention to; notice or perceive

aspect

noun a characteristic to be considered; a distinct feature or element in a problem; the beginning or duration or completion or repetition of the action of a verb; the feelings expressed on a person's face; the visual percept of a region

annals

noun a chronological account of events in successive years; reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

genre

noun a class of art (or artistic endeavor) having a characteristic form or technique; a kind of literary or artistic work; an expressive style of music; a style of expressing yourself in writing

code

noun a coding system used for transmitting messages requiring brevity or secrecy; (computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructions; a set of rules or principles or laws (especially written ones); verb attach a code to; convert ordinary language into code

data

noun a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn

return

noun a coming to or returning home; the act of going back to a prior location; (American football) the act of running back the ball after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble; a tennis stroke that sends the ball back to the other player; a reciprocal group action; the occurrence of a change in direction back in the opposite direction; the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property; the act of someone appearing again; getting something back again; the key on electric typewriters or computer keyboards that causes a carriage return and a line feed; document giving the tax collector information about the taxpayer's tax liability; a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one); happening again (especially at regular intervals); verb submit (a report, etc.) to someone in authority; make a return; come back to place where one has been before, or return to a previous activity; return to a previous position; in mathematics; bring back to the point of departure; return in kind; go back to a previous state; be restored; answer back; go back to something earlier; pass down; give or supply; be inherited by; pay back; give back; elect again

counterbalance

noun a compensating equivalent; a weight that balances another weight; equality of distribution; verb oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary actions; oppose with equal weight or force; adjust for

panoply

noun a complete and impressive array

input

noun a component of production; something that goes into the production of output; any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action; signal going into an electronic system; verb enter (data or a program) into a computer

concentrate

noun a concentrated example; a concentrated form of a foodstuff; the bulk is reduced by removing water; the desired mineral that is left after impurities have been removed from mined ore; verb make (the solvent of a solution) dense or denser; direct one's attention on something; draw together or meet in one common center; cook until very little liquid is left; be cooked until very little liquid is left; make more concise; compress or concentrate; make central

compendium

noun a concise but comprehensive summary of a larger work; a publication containing a variety of works

handbook

noun a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location

parameter

noun a constant in the equation of a curve that can be varied to yield a family of similar curves; a quantity (such as the mean or variance) that characterizes a statistical population and that can be estimated by calculations from sample data; any factor that defines a system and determines (or limits) its performance

continuum

noun a continuous nonspatial whole or extent or succession in which no part or portion is distinct of distinguishable from adjacent parts

arc

noun a continuous portion of a circle; electrical conduction through a gas in an applied electric field; something curved in shape; verb form an arch or curve

stereotype

noun a conventional or formulaic conception or image; verb treat or classify according to a mental stereotype

vessel

noun a craft designed for water transportation; an object used as a container (especially for liquids); a tube in which a body fluid circulates

intrigue

noun a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends; a clandestine love affair; verb cause to be interested or curious; form intrigues (for) in an underhand manner

offence

noun a crime less serious than a felony; the action of attacking an enemy; a lack of politeness; a failure to show regard for others; wounding the feelings or others; a feeling of anger caused by being offended; the team that has the ball (or puck) and is trying to score

lament

noun a cry of sorrow and grief; a mournful poem; a lament for the dead; a song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person; verb express grief verbally; regret strongly

buffer

noun a cushion-like device that reduces shock due to contact; a power tool used to buff surfaces; (computer science) a part of RAM used for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device; used to compensate for differences in the rate of flow of data between components of a computer system; an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH; an implement consisting of soft material mounted on a block; used for polishing (as in manicuring); an inclined metal frame at the front of a locomotive to clear the track; verb add a buffer (a solution); protect from impact

practice

noun a customary way of operation or behavior; translating an idea into action; the exercise of a profession; knowledge of how something is usually done; systematic training by multiple repetitions; verb avail oneself to; carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions; learn by repetition; engage in a rehearsal (of)

detriment

noun a damage or loss

petroleum

noun a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons

statistic

noun a datum that can be represented numerically

stand

noun a defensive effort; a stop made by a touring musical or theatrical group to give a performance; tiered seats consisting of a structure (often made of wood) where people can sit to watch an event (game or parade); a small table for holding articles of various kinds; an interruption of normal activity; a growth of similar plants (usually trees) in a particular area; the position where a thing or person stands; a platform where a (brass) band can play in the open air; a support or foundation; a support for displaying various articles; a booth where articles are displayed for sale; a mental position from which things are viewed; verb have or maintain a position or stand on an issue; be available for stud services; be standing; be upright; put into an upright position; be in some specified state or condition; hold one's ground; maintain a position; be steadfast or upright; be tall; have a height of; copula; be in effect; be or remain in force; remain inactive or immobile; occupy a place or location, also metaphorically; put up with something or somebody unpleasant; withstand the force of something

exception

noun a deliberate act of omission; an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization; grounds for adverse criticism

challenge

noun a demand by a sentry for a password or identification; questioning a statement and demanding an explanation; a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror; a call to engage in a contest or fight; a demanding or stimulating situation; verb raise a formal objection in a court of law; ask for identification; issue a challenge to; take exception to

archive

noun a depository containing historical records and documents; verb put into an archive

monograph

noun a detailed and documented treatise on a particular subject

survey

noun a detailed critical inspection; the act of looking or seeing or observing; short descriptive summary (of events); verb consider in a comprehensive way; plot a map of (land); make a survey of; for statistical purposes; look over in a comprehensively, inspect; hold a review (of troops); keep under surveillance

map

noun a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface (or part of it); a function such that for every element of one set there is a unique element of another set; verb to establish a mapping (of mathematical elements or sets); explore or survey for the purpose of making a map; make a map of; show or establish the features of details of; depict as if on a map; plan, delineate, or arrange in detail; locate within a specific region of a chromosome in relation to known DNA or gene sequences

variety

noun a difference that is usually pleasant; (biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics; noticeable heterogeneity; a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality; a show consisting of a series of short unrelated performances; a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

contradistinction

noun a distinction drawn on the basis of contrast

trait

noun a distinguishing feature of your personal nature

precept

noun a doctrine that is taught; rule of personal conduct

diagram

noun a drawing intended to explain how something works; a drawing showing the relation between the parts; verb make a schematic or technical drawing of that shows how things work or how they are constructed

antagonist

noun a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug; a muscle that relaxes while another contracts; someone who offers opposition

counterpart

noun a duplicate copy; a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another

source

noun a facility where something is available; anything that provides inspiration for later work; a document (or organization) from which information is obtained; (technology) a process by which energy or a substance enters a system; a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to; the place where something begins, where it springs into being; anything (a person or animal or plant or substance) in which an infectious agent normally lives and multiplies; someone who originates or causes or initiates something; a person who supplies information; verb specify the origin of; get (a product) from another country or business

shortcoming

noun a failing or deficiency

link

noun a fastener that serves to join or connect; an interconnecting circuit between two or more locations for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data; (computing) an instruction that connects one part of a program or an element on a list to another program or list; a unit of length equal to 1/100 of a chain; the means of connection between things linked in series; a two-way radio communication system (usually microwave); part of a more extensive telecommunication network; a channel for communication between groups; a connecting shape; the state of being connected; verb make a logical or causal connection; connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces; link with or as with a yoke; be or become joined or united or linked

auspice

noun a favorable omen

contour

noun a feature (or the order or arrangement of features) of anything having a complex structure; a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height; any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline); verb form the contours of

will

noun a fixed and persistent intent or purpose; a legal document declaring a person's wishes regarding the disposal of their property when they die; the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention; verb determine by choice; have in mind; decree or ordain; leave or give by will after one's death

disc

noun a flat circular plate; (computer science) a memory device consisting of a flat disk covered with a magnetic coating on which information is stored; sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove; something with a round shape like a flat circular plate

scale

noun a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals; an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks; a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass; (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave); a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin; a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin; relative magnitude; the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it; an ordered reference standard; a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners); verb size or measure according to a scale; measure with or as if with scales; remove the scales from; pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard; climb up by means of a ladder; reach the highest point of; take by attacking with scaling ladders; measure by or as if by a scale

request

noun a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority; the verbal act of requesting; verb express the need or desire for; ask for; ask (a person) to do something; inquire for (information)

category

noun a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme; a collection of things sharing a common attribute

direction

noun a general course along which something has a tendency to develop; a message describing how something is to be done; a line leading to a place or point; the spatial relation between something and the course along which it points or moves; the act of setting and holding a course; the act of managing something; the concentration of attention or energy on something; something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action; a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something

overview

noun a general summary of a subject

dependency

noun a geographical area politically controlled by a distant country; lack of independence or self-sufficiency; being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs)

award

noun a grant made by a law court; a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction; something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery; verb give, especially as an honor or reward; give as judged due or on the basis of merit

colony

noun a group of animals of the same type living together; (microbiology) a group of organisms grown from a single parent cell; a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government; a geographical area politically controlled by a distant country; one of the 13 British colonies that formed the original states of the United States

directorate

noun a group of persons chosen to govern the affairs of a corporation or other large institution

formula

noun a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement; a conventionalized statement expressing some fundamental principle; a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements; a liquid food for infants; something regarded as a normative example; (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems; directions for making something

cluster

noun a grouping of a number of similar things; verb come together as in a cluster or flock; gather or cause to gather into a cluster

dictate

noun a guiding principle; an authoritative rule; verb say out loud for the purpose of recording; rule as a dictator; issue commands or orders for

consistency

noun a harmonious uniformity or agreement among things or parts; (logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deducible from the axioms contradict one another; the property of holding together and retaining its shape; logical coherence and accordance with the facts

blur

noun a hazy or indistinct representation; verb become vague or indistinct; make dim or indistinct; to make less distinct or clear; make unclear, indistinct, or blurred; make a smudge on; soil by smudging; become glassy; lose clear vision

prestige

noun a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.

estimate

noun a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody; an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth; the respect with which a person is held; a statement indicating the likely cost of some job; a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation); verb judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time); judge to be probable

cause

noun a justification for something existing or happening; events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something; any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results; a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end; a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy; verb give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally; cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner

nest

noun a kind of gun emplacement; furniture pieces made to fit close together; a gang of people (criminals or spies or terrorists) assembled in one locality; a cosy or secluded retreat; a structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young; verb gather nests; fit together or fit inside; inhabit a nest, usually after building; move or arrange oneself in a comfortable and cozy position

domain

noun a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about; territory over which rule or control is exercised; the set of values of the independent variable for which a function is defined; people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest; a particular environment or walk of life

realm

noun a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about; the domain ruled by a king or queen; a domain in which something is dominant

academy

noun a learned establishment for the advancement of knowledge; a school for special training; a secondary school (usually private); an institution for the advancement of art or science or literature

scholar

noun a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines; a student who holds a scholarship; someone (especially a child) who learns (as from a teacher) or takes up knowledge or beliefs

psychoanalyst

noun a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis

guideline

noun a light line that is used in lettering to help align the letters; a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior; a detailed plan or explanation to guide you in setting standards or determining a course of action

be

noun a light strong brittle grey toxic bivalent metallic element; verb spend or use time; work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); have life, be alive; be identical to; be someone or something; occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; happen, occur, take place; have an existence, be extant; form or compose; be identical or equivalent to; represent, as of a character on stage; be priced at

twine

noun a lightweight cord; verb make by twisting together or intertwining; coil around; form into a spiral shape; spin or twist together so as to form a cord; wrap or coil around

underline

noun a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter); verb draw a line or lines underneath to call attention to; give extra weight to (a communication)

bibliography

noun a list of writings with time and place of publication (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to in preparing a document etc.)

dialogue

noun a literary composition in the form of a conversation between two people; the lines spoken by characters in drama or fiction; a conversation between two persons; a discussion intended to produce an agreement

settle

noun a long wooden bench with a back; verb take up residence and become established; form a community; become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style; establish or develop as a residence; become resolved, fixed, established, or quiet; settle conclusively; come to terms; end a legal dispute by arriving at a settlement; accept despite complete satisfaction; get one's revenge for a wrong or an injury; arrange or fix in the desired order; cause to become clear by forming a sediment (of liquids); become clear by the sinking of particles; come to rest; settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground; dispose of; make a financial settlement; come as if by falling; make final; put the last touches on; put into final form; bring to an end; settle conclusively; come to terms; fix firmly; sink down or precipitate; go under, "The raft sank and its occupants drowned"

computer

noun a machine for performing calculations automatically; an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)

vest

noun a man's sleeveless garment worn underneath a coat; a collarless men's undergarment for the upper part of the body; verb clothe formally; especially in ecclesiastical robes; clothe oneself in ecclesiastical garments; become legally vested; place (authority, property, or rights) in the control of a person or group of persons; provide with power and authority

artifact

noun a man-made object taken as a whole

parlance

noun a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language

override

noun a manually operated device to correct the operation of an automatic device; the act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something; verb ride (a horse) too hard; counteract the normal operation of (an automatic gear shift in a vehicle); prevail over; rule against

avail

noun a means of serving; verb use to one's advantage; take or use; be of use to, be useful to

quadrant

noun a measuring instrument for measuring altitude of heavenly bodies; the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle; any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by two orthogonal coordinate axes; a quarter of the circumference of a circle; a quarter of the circumference of a circle

sanction

noun a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards; the act of final authorization; formal and explicit approval; official permission or approval; verb give religious sanction to, such as through on oath; give authority or permission to; give sanction to

remedy

noun a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain; act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil; verb provide relief for; set straight or right

cure

noun a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain; verb prepare by drying, salting, or chemical processing in order to preserve; be or become preserved; make (substances) hard and improve their usability; provide a cure for, make healthy again

neurosis

noun a mental or personality disturbance not attributable to any known neurological or organic dysfunction

viewpoint

noun a mental position from which things are viewed; a place from which something can be viewed

mp

noun a military corps that enforces discipline and guards prisoners; a member of the military police who polices soldiers and guards prisoners

support

noun a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission; the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening; aiding the cause or policy or interests of; the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities; any device that bears the weight of another thing; supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation; something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest; the financial means whereby one lives; financial resources provided to make some project possible; documentary validation; a subordinate musical part; provides background for more important parts; verb play a subordinate role to (another performer); support materially or financially; give moral or psychological support, aid, or courage to; establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; put up with something or somebody unpleasant; adopt as a belief; argue or speak in defense of; be a regular customer or client of; be the physical support of; carry the weight of; be behind; approve of; support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm

fallacy

noun a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

omission

noun a mistake resulting from neglect; neglecting to do something; leaving out or passing over something; any process whereby sounds are left out of spoken words or phrases; something that has been omitted

procedure

noun a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings; a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work; a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program

pattern

noun a model considered worthy of imitation; a customary way of operation or behavior; a decorative or artistic work; something regarded as a normative example; something intended as a guide for making something else; a perceptual structure; graphical representation (in polar or Cartesian coordinates) of the spatial distribution of radiation from an antenna as a function of angle; the path that is prescribed for an airplane that is preparing to land at an airport; verb form a pattern; plan or create according to a model or models

template

noun a model or standard for making comparisons

form

noun a mold for setting concrete; the visual appearance of something or someone; a particular mode in which something is manifested; an ability to perform well; a perceptual structure; the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something; a printed document with spaces in which to write; an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse; (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups; the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance; a life-size dummy used to display clothes; any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline); alternative names for the body of a human being; a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality; a body of students who are taught together; (physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary; verb assume a form or shape; create (as an entity); to compose or represent:"This wall forms the background of the stage setting"; develop into a distinctive entity; give shape or form to; make something, usually for a specific function; establish or impress firmly in the mind

proclivity

noun a natural inclination

disincentive

noun a negative motivational influence

intermediary

noun a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

neuroscientist

noun a neurobiologist who specializes in the study of the brain

exploit

noun a notable achievement; verb use or manipulate to one's advantage; draw from; make good use of; work excessively hard

cadre

noun a nucleus of military personnel capable of expansion; a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement

couple

noun a pair who associate with one another; a pair of people who live together; (physics) something joined by two equal and opposite forces that act along parallel lines; two items of the same kind; a small indefinite number; verb link together; bring two objects, ideas, or people together; make love; form a pair or pairs

prejudice

noun a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation; verb influence (somebody's) opinion in advance; disadvantage by prejudice

science

noun a particular branch of scientific knowledge; ability to produce solutions in some problem domain

compartment

noun a partitioned section or separate room within a larger enclosed area; a small space or subdivision for storage

conduit

noun a passage (a pipe or tunnel) through which water or electric wires can pass

extract

noun a passage selected from a larger work; a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water); verb calculate the root of a number; remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense; separate (a metal) from an ore; get despite difficulties or obstacles; extract by the process of distillation; take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy; obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action; deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning)

transition

noun a passage that connects a topic to one that follows; a musical passage moving from one key to another; a change from one place or state or subject or stage to another; the act of passing from one state or place to the next; an event that results in a transformation; verb make or undergo a transition (from one state or system to another); cause to convert or undergo a transition

programme

noun a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation; a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished; a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need; (computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute; a radio or television show; an integrated course of academic studies; an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event; verb arrange a program of or for; write a computer program

century

noun a period of 100 years

census

noun a periodic count of the population; verb conduct a census

forebear

noun a person from whom you are descended

retard

noun a person of subnormal intelligence; verb cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate; be delayed; lose velocity; move more slowly; slow the growth or development of

recipient

noun a person who gets something; the semantic role of the animate entity that is passively involved in the happening denoted by the verb in the clause

precursor

noun a person who goes before or announces the coming of another; a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction); an indication of the approach of something or someone

convert

noun a person who has been converted to another religious or political belief; verb change in nature, purpose, or function; undergo a chemical change; change the nature, purpose, or function of something; change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy; change religious beliefs, or adopt a religious belief; cause to adopt a new or different faith; make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something; score (a spare); complete successfully; score an extra point or points after touchdown by kicking the ball through the uprights or advancing the ball into the end zone; exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; exchange a penalty for a less severe one

applicant

noun a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission

client

noun a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer; (computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network; someone who pays for goods or services

tailor

noun a person whose occupation is making and altering garments; verb make fit for a specific purpose; create (clothes) with cloth; style and tailor in a certain fashion

phenomenology

noun a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account

response

noun a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister; a result; a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some foregoing stimulus or agent; the manner in which something is greeted; a statement (either spoken or written) that is made in reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation; the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange

print

noun a picture or design printed from an engraving; a fabric with a dyed pattern pressed onto it (usually by engraved rollers); a copy of a movie on film (especially a particular version of it); the result of the printing process; a printed picture produced from a photographic negative; a visible indication made on a surface; verb put into print; write as if with print; not cursive; reproduce by printing; make into a print; "print the negative"

table

noun a piece of furniture having a smooth flat top that is usually supported by one or more vertical legs; a piece of furniture with tableware for a meal laid out on it; a set of data arranged in rows and columns; a company of people assembled at a table for a meal or game; food or meals in general; flat tableland with steep edges; verb hold back to a later time

range

noun a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds; a variety of different things or activities; the limits within which something can be effective; a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze; a series of hills or mountains; the limits of the values a function can take; a kitchen appliance used for cooking food; an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"; the limit of capability; verb let eat; lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line; range or extend over; occupy a certain area; change or be different within limits; have a range; be capable of projecting over a certain distance, as of a gun; assign a rank or rating to; feed as in a meadow or pasture; move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

policy

noun a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group; written contract or certificate of insurance; a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government

project

noun a planned undertaking; any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; verb present for consideration; regard as objective; communicate vividly; transfer (ideas or principles) from one domain into another; throw, send, or cast forward; put or send forth; draw a projection of; project on a screen; cause to be heard; imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind; make or work out a plan for; devise; extend out or project in space

offset

noun a plate makes an inked impression on a rubber-blanketed cylinder, which in turn transfers it to the paper; structure where a wall or building narrows abruptly; a natural consequence of development; a horizontal branch from the base of plant that produces new plants from buds at its tips; a compensating equivalent; the time at which something is supposed to begin; verb produce by offset printing; create an offset in; cause (printed matter) to transfer or smear onto another surface; compensate for or counterbalance; make up for

degree

noun a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime); the highest power of a term or variable; a measure for arcs and angles; a unit of temperature on a specified scale; a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study

incentive

noun a positive motivational influence; an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output

scenario

noun a postulated sequence of possible events; an outline or synopsis of a play (or, by extension, of a literary work); a setting for a work of art or literature

efflorescence

noun a powdery deposit on a surface; the time and process of budding and unfolding of blossoms; any red eruption of the skin; the period of greatest prosperity or productivity

proxy

noun a power of attorney document given by shareholders of a corporation authorizing a specific vote on their behalf at a corporate meeting; a person authorized to act for another

technique

noun a practical method or art applied to some particular task; skillfulness in the command of fundamentals deriving from practice and familiarity

safeguard

noun a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.; a document or escort providing safe passage through a region especially in time of war; verb make safe; escort safely

figure

noun a predetermined set of movements in dancing or skating; a model of a bodily form (especially of a person); the impression produced by a person; a unitary percept having structure and coherence that is the object of attention and that stands out against a ground; a diagram or picture illustrating textual material; an amount of money expressed numerically; a combination of points and lines and planes that form a visible palpable shape; a decorative or artistic work; the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals; alternative names for the body of a human being; language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense; a well-known or notable person; one of the elements that collectively form a system of numeration; verb understand; be or play a part of or in; make a mathematical calculation or computation; judge to be probable; imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind

predilection

noun a predisposition in favor of something; a strong liking

exigency

noun a pressing or urgent situation; a sudden unforeseen crisis (usually involving danger) that requires immediate action

footnote

noun a printed note placed below the text on a printed page; verb add explanatory notes to or supply with critical comments

percent

noun a proportion multiplied by 100

crystal

noun a protective cover that protects the face of a watch; glassware made of quartz; a crystalline element used as a component in various electronic devices; a rock formed by the solidification of a substance; has regularly repeating internal structure; external plane faces; a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure; colorless glass made of almost pure silica

forum

noun a public facility to meet for open discussion; a public meeting or assembly for open discussion

judge

noun a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice; an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality; verb determine the result of (a competition); put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of; form a critical opinion of; judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time); pronounce judgment on

period

noun a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations; the end or completion of something; a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks formed; one of three periods of play in hockey games; the interval taken to complete one cycle of a regularly repeating phenomenon; a stage in the history of a culture having a definable place in space and time; the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause; an amount of time

enterprise

noun a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); readiness to embark on bold new ventures; an organization created for business ventures

supplement

noun a quantity added (e.g. to make up for a deficiency); a supplementary component that improves capability; textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end; verb add as a supplement to what seems insufficient; serve as a supplement to; add to the very end

problem

noun a question raised for consideration or solution; a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved; a source of difficulty

tenet

noun a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof

transcript

noun a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record); something that has been transcribed; a written record (usually typewritten) of dictated or recorded speech

germany

noun a republic in central Europe; split into East German and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990

tanzania

noun a republic in eastern Africa

greece

noun a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

preserve

noun a reservation where animals are protected; a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone; fruit preserved by cooking with sugar; verb prevent (food) from rotting; keep undisturbed for personal or private use for hunting, shooting, or fishing; to keep up and reserve for personal or special use; keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction; keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last; maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger

fund

noun a reserve of money set aside for some purpose; a financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companies; a supply of something available for future use; verb furnish money for; accumulate a fund for the discharge of a recurrent liability; invest money in government securities; provide a fund for the redemption of principal or payment of interest; place or store up in a fund for accumulation; convert (short-term floating debt) into long-term debt that bears fixed interest and is represented by bonds

prerogative

noun a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)

study

noun a room used for reading and writing and studying; a state of deep mental absorption; applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading); a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique; someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play); a detailed critical inspection; preliminary drawing for later elaboration; attentive consideration and meditation; a branch of knowledge; a written document describing the findings of some individual or group; verb learn by reading books; be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning; think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes; give careful consideration to; be a student of a certain subject; consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

bylaw

noun a rule made by a local authority to regulate its own affairs

guidepost

noun a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior; a post bearing a sign that gives directions or shows the way

balance

noun a scale for weighing; depends on pull of gravity; equality between the totals of the credit and debit sides of an account; the difference between the totals of the credit and debit sides of an account; equality of distribution; a state of equilibrium; a wheel that regulates the rate of movement in a machine; especially a wheel oscillating against the hairspring of a timepiece to regulate its beat; a weight that balances another weight; (mathematics) an attribute of a shape or relation; exact reflection of form on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane; harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design); the seventh sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about September 23 to October 22; (astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Libra; something left after other parts have been taken away; verb compute credits and debits of an account; bring into balance or equilibrium; be in equilibrium; hold or carry in equilibrium

outline

noun a schematic or preliminary plan; a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory; the line that appears to bound an object; verb describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of; trace the shape of; draw up an outline or sketch for something

copy

noun a secondary representation of an original; matter to be printed; exclusive of graphical materials; material suitable for a journalistic account; a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record); verb make a replica of; copy down as is; reproduce or make an exact copy of; reproduce someone's behavior or looks

equilibrium

noun a sensory system located in structures of the inner ear that registers the orientation of the head; a stable situation in which forces cancel one another; a chemical reaction and its reverse proceed at equal rates; equality of distribution

critique

noun a serious examination and judgment of something; an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play); verb appraise critically

facility

noun a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you; something designed and created to serve a particular function and to afford a particular convenience or service; a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry; a natural effortlessness; skillful performance or ability without difficulty

join

noun a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets; the shape or manner in which things come together and a connection is made; verb make contact or come together; cause to become joined or linked; become part of; become a member of a group or organization; come into the company of; be or become joined or united or linked

suit

noun a set of garments (usually including a jacket and trousers or skirt) for outerwear all of the same fabric and color; playing card in any of four sets of 13 cards in a pack; each set has its own symbol and color; a petition or appeal made to a person of superior status or rank; a businessman dressed in a business suit; a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy; a man's courting of a woman; seeking the affections of a woman (usually with the hope of marriage); verb be agreeable or acceptable to; be agreeable or acceptable; accord or comport with; enhance the appearance of

report

noun a short account of the news; the act of informing by verbal report; a written document describing the findings of some individual or group; a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing); the general estimation that the public has for a person; an essay (especially one written as an assignment); a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment; verb to give an account or representation of in words; make known to the authorities; complain about; make a charge against; announce one's presence; announce as the result of an investigation, or announce something to the proper authorities; be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism

cite

noun a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; verb call in an official matter, such as to attend court; advance evidence for; commend; repeat a passage from; refer to for illustration or proof; make reference to; refer to

interrupt

noun a signal that temporarily stops the execution of a program so that another procedure can be carried out; verb terminate; destroy the peace or tranquility of; interfere in someone else's activity; make a break in

cycle

noun a single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon; a periodically repeated sequence of events; a series of poems or songs on the same theme; an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals; the unit of frequency; one hertz has a periodic interval of one second; verb recur in repeating sequences; pass through a cycle; cause to go through a recurring sequence; ride a bicycle; ride a motorcycle

monolith

noun a single great stone (often in the form of a column or obelisk)

unit

noun a single undivided whole; an organization regarded as part of a larger social group; a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else; an individual or group or structure or other entity regarded as a structural or functional constituent of a whole; an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity; any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

sup

noun a small amount of liquid food; verb take solid or liquid food into the mouth a little at a time either by drinking or by eating with a spoon

microcomputer

noun a small digital computer based on a microprocessor and designed to be used by one person at a time

vignette

noun a small illustrative sketch (as sometimes placed at the beginning of chapters in books); a photograph whose edges shade off gradually; a brief literary description

type

noun a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper; a subdivision of a particular kind of thing; all of the tokens of the same symbol; printed characters; (biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon; a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities); verb identify as belonging to a certain type; write by means of a keyboard with types

fraction

noun a small part or item forming a piece of a whole; the quotient of two rational numbers; a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process; verb perform a division

resource

noun a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed; the ability to deal resourcefully with unusual problems; available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

task

noun a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee; any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; verb assign a task to; use to the limit

capacity

noun a specified function; the maximum production possible; tolerance for alcohol; ability to perform or produce; the power to learn or retain knowledge; in law, the ability to understand the facts and significance of your behavior; (computer science) the amount of information (in bytes) that can be stored on a disk drive; the amount that can be contained; an electrical phenomenon whereby an electric charge is stored; the susceptibility of something to a particular treatment

conversion

noun a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life; a successful free throw or try for point after a touchdown; the act of changing from one use or function or purpose to another; act of exchanging one type of money or security for another; a change in the units or form of an expression: "conversion from Fahrenheit to Centigrade"; interchange of subject and predicate of a proposition; a change of religion; an event that results in a transformation; (psychiatry) a defense mechanism represses emotional conflicts which are then converted into physical symptoms that have no organic basis

norm

noun a standard or model or pattern regarded as typical; a statistic describing the location of a distribution

premise

noun a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn; verb take something as preexisting and given; set forth beforehand, often as an explanation; furnish with a preface or introduction

staff

noun a strong rod or stick with a specialized utilitarian purpose; (music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written; a rod carried as a symbol; the body of teachers and administrators at a school; personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task; building material consisting of plaster and hair; used to cover external surfaces of temporary structure (as at an exposition) or for decoration; verb provide with staff; serve on the staff of

barrier

noun a structure or object that impedes free movement; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective; anything serving to maintain separation by obstructing vision or access

framework

noun a structure supporting or containing something; the underlying structure; a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

contest

noun a struggle between rivals; an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants; verb to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation

ferment

noun a substance capable of bringing about fermentation; a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol; a state of agitation or turbulent change or development; verb cause to undergo fermentation; work up into agitation or excitement; be in an agitated or excited state; go sour or spoil

render

noun a substance similar to stucco but exclusively applied to masonry walls; verb cause to become; pass down; coat with plastic or cement; give or supply; give back; make over as a return; melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities; restate (words) from one language into another language; bestow; show in, or as in, a picture; give an interpretation or rendition of; to surrender someone or something to another; provide or furnish with

goal

noun a successful attempt at scoring; game equipment consisting of the place toward which players of a game try to advance a ball or puck in order to score points; the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it; the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

upsurge

noun a sudden or abrupt strong increase; a sudden forceful flow

budget

noun a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them; a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose; verb make a budget

buttress

noun a support usually of stone or brick; supports the wall of a building; verb make stronger or defensible; reinforce with a buttress

locality

noun a surrounding or nearby region

benchmark

noun a surveyor's mark on a permanent object of predetermined position and elevation used as a reference point; a standard by which something can be measured or judged

process

noun a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant; (psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents; a mental process that you are not directly aware of; a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant; verb subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition; perform mathematical and logical operations on (data) according to programmed instructions in order to obtain the required information; deal with in a routine way; deliver a warrant or summons to someone; shape, form, or improve a material; march in a procession; institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against

nomenclature

noun a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline

terminology

noun a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline

hypothesis

noun a tentative theory about the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations; a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

attitude

noun a theatrical pose created for effect; a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways; position of aircraft or spacecraft relative to a frame of reference (the horizon or direction of motion); the arrangement of the body and its limbs

structure

noun a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts; a particular complex anatomical part; the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations; the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships; verb give a structure to

successor

noun a thing or person that immediately replaces something or someone; a person who inherits some title or office; a person who follows next in order

triad

noun a three-note major or minor chord; a note and its third and fifth tones; three people considered as a unit; a set of three similar things considered as a unit

stymy

noun a thwarting and distressing situation; a situation in golf where an opponent's ball blocks the line between your ball and the hole; verb hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of

puzzle

noun a toy that tests your ingenuity; a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution; verb be uncertain about; think about without fully understanding or being able to decide; be a mystery or bewildering to

myth

noun a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people

pathway

noun a trodden path; a bundle of myelinated nerve fibers following a path through the brain

theme

noun a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work; (music) melodic subject of a musical composition; (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; an essay (especially one written as an assignment); the subject matter of a conversation or discussion; verb provide with a particular theme or motive

epoch

noun a unit of geological time; (astronomy) the precise date that is the point of reference for which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is referred; a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

word

noun a unit of language that native speakers can identify; a brief statement; a verbal command for action; a word is a string of bits stored in computer memory; the sacred writings of the Christian religions; new information about specific and timely events; a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group; an exchange of views on some topic; a promise; the divine word of God; the second person in the Trinity (incarnate in Jesus); verb put into words or an expression

anxiety

noun a vague unpleasant emotion that is experienced in anticipation of some (usually ill-defined) misfortune; a relatively permanent state of anxiety occurring in a variety of mental disorders

partition

noun a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another); (computer science) the part of a hard disk that is dedicated to a particular operating system or application and accessed as a single unit; the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart; verb separate or apportion into sections; divide into parts, pieces, or sections

face

noun a vertical surface of a building or cliff; the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object); the striking or working surface of an implement; the general outward appearance of something; status in the eyes of others; the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear; the part of an animal corresponding to the human face; a part of a person that is used to refer to a person; the feelings expressed on a person's face; impudent aggressiveness; a specific size and style of type within a type family; a contorted facial expression; a surface forming part of the outside of an object; verb cover the front or surface of; line the edge (of a garment) with a different material; turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction; turn so as to expose the face; be opposite; deal with (something unpleasant) head on; present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize; oppose, as in hostility or a competition; be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to

infant

noun a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

appendix

noun a vestigial process that extends from the lower end of the cecum and that resembles a small pouch; supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

graph

noun a visual representation of the relations between certain quantities plotted with reference to a set of axes; verb represent by means of a graph; plot upon a graph

manner

noun a way of acting or behaving; how something is done or how it happens; a kind

method

noun a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps); an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed

res

noun a widely distributed system consisting of all the cells able to ingest bacteria or colloidal particles etc, except for certain white blood cells

functionary

noun a worker who holds or is invested with an office

forge

noun a workplace where metal is worked by heating and hammering; furnace consisting of a special hearth where metal is heated before shaping; verb make a copy of with the intent to deceive; create by hammering; move or act with a sudden increase in speed or energy; move ahead steadily; come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort; make out of components (often in an improvising manner); make something, usually for a specific function

warrant

noun a writ from a court commanding police to perform specified acts; a type of security issued by a corporation (usually together with a bond or preferred stock) that gives the holder the right to purchase a certain amount of common stock at a stated price; a written assurance that some product or service will be provided or will meet certain specifications; formal and explicit approval; verb stand behind and guarantee the quality, accuracy, or condition of; show to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for

comment

noun a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material; a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief; a report (often malicious) about the behavior of other people; verb explain or interpret something; make or write a comment on; provide interlinear explanations for words or phrases

usage

noun accepted or habitual practice; the act of using

redress

noun act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil; a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury; verb make reparations or amends for

privation

noun act of depriving someone of food or money or rights; a state of extreme poverty

extension

noun act of expanding in scope; making more widely available; act of stretching or straightening out a flexed limb; an educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who not enrolled as regular students; an additional telephone set that is connected to the same telephone line; amount or degree or range to which something extends; the ability to raise the working leg high in the air; a string of characters beginning with a period and followed by one to three letters; the optional second part of a PC computer filename; a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt; an addition that extends a main building; an addition to the length of something; the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to; the spreading of something (a belief or practice) into new regions

recourse

noun act of turning to for assistance; something or someone turned to for assistance or security

advocacy

noun active support of an idea or cause etc.; especially the act of pleading or arguing for something

work

noun activity directed toward making or doing something; a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing; (physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force; the occupation for which you are paid; the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it); a place where work is done; applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading); verb arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion; move into or onto; shape, form, or improve a material; gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; move in an agitated manner; provoke or excite; proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; cause to work; be employed; exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; cause to operate or function; operate in or through; have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; behave in a certain way when handled; give a workout to; go sour or spoil; cause to undergo fermentation; find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of; use or manipulate to one's advantage; make uniform; perform as expected when applied; cause to happen or to occur as a consequence; make something, usually for a specific function; prepare for crops; proceed along a path; have and exert influence or effect

recreation

noun activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation; an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates

consensus

noun agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole

rate

noun amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure; a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; the relative speed of progress or change; verb assign a rank or rating to; estimate the value of; be worthy of or have a certain rating

bracket

noun an L-shaped support projecting from a wall (as to hold a shelf); either of two punctuation marks ([ or ]) used to enclose textual material; either of two punctuation marks (`<' or `>') used in computer programming and sometimes used to enclose textual material; a category falling within certain defined limits; verb classify or group; place into brackets; support with brackets

concept

noun an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

construct

noun an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances; verb draw with suitable instruments and under specified conditions; make by combining materials and parts; create by organizing and linking ideas, arguments, or concepts; create by linking linguistic units; reassemble mentally; put together out of components or parts

attribute

noun an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity; a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished; verb attribute or credit to; decide as to where something belongs in a scheme

economy

noun an act of economizing; reduction in cost; frugality in the expenditure of money or resources; the efficient use of resources; the system of production and distribution and consumption

favor

noun an act of gracious kindness; an advantage to the benefit of someone or something; an inclination to approve; a feeling of favorable regard; souvenir consisting of a small gift given to a guest at a party; verb consider as the favorite; treat gently or carefully; promote over another; bestow a privilege upon

depredation

noun an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding; (usually plural) a destructive action

margin

noun an amount beyond the minimum necessary; the blank space that surrounds the text on a page; the amount of collateral a customer deposits with a broker when borrowing from the broker to buy securities; the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary; a strip near the boundary of an object; a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits; (finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold

yield

noun an amount of a product; production of a certain amount; the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property; the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time); verb consent reluctantly; cease opposition; stop fighting; bring in; be the cause or source of; give in, as to influence or pressure; end resistance, as under pressure or force; be willing to concede; be flexible under stress of physical force; give or supply; cause to happen or be responsible for; move in order to make room for someone for something; give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another; be fatally overwhelmed

progenitor

noun an ancestor in the direct line

assyria

noun an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq

purpose

noun an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions; the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; what something is used for; verb reach a decision; propose or intend

centrifuge

noun an apparatus that uses centrifugal force to separate particles from a suspension; verb rotate at very high speed in order to separate the liquids from the solids

scope

noun an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"; electronic equipment that provides visual images of varying electrical quantities; a magnifier of images of distant objects; the state of the environment in which a situation exists

territory

noun an area of knowledge or interest; the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state; a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

highlight

noun an area of lightness in a picture; the most interesting or memorable part; verb apply a highlighter to one's cheeks or eyebrows in order to make them more prominent; move into the foreground to make more visible or prominent

array

noun an arrangement of aerials spaced to give desired directional characteristics; especially fine or decorative clothing; an impressive display; an orderly arrangement; verb align oneself with a group or a way of thinking; lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line

ramification

noun an arrangement of branching parts; the act of branching out or dividing into branches; a development that complicates a situation; a part of a forked or branching shape

guise

noun an artful or simulated semblance

feature

noun an article of merchandise that is displayed or advertised more than other articles; the characteristic parts of a person's face: eyes and nose and mouth and chin; a prominent aspect of something; a special or prominent article in a newspaper or magazine; the principal (full-length) film in a program at a movie theater; verb have as a feature; wear or display in an ostentatious or proud manner

product

noun an artifact that has been created by someone or some process; a quantity obtained by multiplication; a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances; a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction; commodities offered for sale; the set of elements common to two or more sets

weight

noun an artifact that is heavy; sports equipment used in calisthenic exercises and weightlifting; it is not attached to anything and is raised and lowered by use of the hands and arms; the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity; the relative importance granted to something; an oppressive feeling of heavy force; (statistics) a coefficient assigned to elements of a frequency distribution in order to represent their relative importance; a unit used to measure weight; a system of units used to express the weight of something; verb present with a bias; weight down with a load

component

noun an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system; an abstract part of something; something determined in relation to something that includes it

consortium

noun an association of companies for some definite purpose

institute

noun an association organized to promote art or science or education; verb advance or set forth in court; set up or lay the groundwork for

success

noun an attainment that is successful; an event that accomplishes its intended purpose; a state of prosperity or fame; a person with a record of successes

dictum

noun an authoritative declaration; an opinion voiced by a judge on a point of law not directly bearing on the case in question and therefore not binding

scheme

noun an elaborate and systematic plan of action; a schematic or preliminary plan; an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world; a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery; a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; verb form intrigues (for) in an underhand manner; devise a system or form a scheme for

circuit

noun an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow; (law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appeals; an established itinerary of venues or events that a particular group of people travel to; movement once around a course; a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area; a racetrack for automobile races; verb make a circuit

trauma

noun an emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects; any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

vitality

noun an energetic style; the property of being able to survive and grow; (biology) a hypothetical force (not physical or chemical) once thought by Henri Bergson to cause the evolution and development of organisms; a healthy capacity for vigorous activity

institution

noun an establishment consisting of a building or complex of buildings where an organization for the promotion of some cause is situated; a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society; an organization founded and united for a specific purpose; the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new; a hospital for mentally incompetent or unbalanced person

underestimate

noun an estimation that is too low; an estimate that is less than the true or actual value; verb make too low an estimate of; make a deliberately low estimate; assign too low a value to

inception

noun an event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events

repeat

noun an event that repeats; verb to say again or imitate; to say, state, or perform again; do over; happen or occur again; repeat an earlier theme of a composition; make or do or perform again

transport

noun an exchange of molecules (and their kinetic energy and momentum) across the boundary between adjacent layers of a fluid or across cell membranes; the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials; something that serves as a means of transportation; a mechanism that transports magnetic tape across the read/write heads of a tape playback/recorder; a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion; verb move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body; transport commercially; move something or somebody around; usually over long distances; send from one person or place to another; hold spellbound

fix

noun an exemption granted after influence (e.g., money) is brought to bear; something craved, especially an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug; informal terms for a difficult situation; a determination of the place where something is; the act of putting something in working order again; verb make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc; kill, preserve, and harden (tissue) in order to prepare for microscopic study; set or place definitely; make infertile; restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken; make fixed, stable or stationary; decide upon or fix definitely; take vengeance on or get even; cause to be firmly attached; put (something somewhere) firmly; prepare for eating by applying heat

society

noun an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization; the fashionable elite; a formal association of people with similar interests; the state of being with someone

energy

noun an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing); enterprising or ambitious drive; forceful exertion; (physics) the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs; a healthy capacity for vigorous activity; the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States; created in 1977

tool

noun an implement used in the practice of a vocation; the means whereby some act is accomplished; obscene terms for penis; a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else; verb work with a tool; drive; furnish with tools; ride in a car with no particular goal and just for the pleasure of it

partiality

noun an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives; a predisposition to like something

desire

noun an inclination to want things; the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state; something that is desired; verb feel or have a desire for; want strongly; express a desire for; expect and wish

disfavour

noun an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group; the state of being out of favor; verb put at a disadvantage; hinder, harm

incline

noun an inclined surface connecting two levels; an elevated geological formation; verb lower or bend (the head or upper body), as in a nod or bow; bend or turn (one's ear) towards a speaker in order to listen well; make receptive or willing towards an action or attitude or belief; be at an angle; have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

fragment

noun an incomplete piece; a piece broken off or cut off of something else; a broken piece of a brittle artifact; verb break or cause to break into pieces

factor

noun an independent variable in statistics; anything that contributes causally to a result; any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together; (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity; an abstract part of something; a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission; one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer; verb resolve into factors

tradition

noun an inherited pattern of thought or action; a specific practice of long standing

think

noun an instance of deliberate thinking; verb bring into a given condition by mental preoccupation; be capable of conscious thought; use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments; have or formulate in the mind; expect, believe, or suppose; judge or regard; look upon; judge; dispose the mind in a certain way; focus one's attention on a certain state; ponder; reflect on, or reason about; decide by pondering, reasoning, or reflecting; imagine or visualize; recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection; have in mind as a purpose

query

noun an instance of questioning; verb pose a question

paucity

noun an insufficient quantity or number

dearth

noun an insufficient quantity or number; an acute insufficiency

primer

noun an introductory textbook; the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface; any igniter that is used to initiate the burning of a propellant

conclusion

noun an intuitive assumption; the last section of a communication; the proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism); a final settlement; the act of making up your mind about something; the act of ending something; a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration; event whose occurrence ends something; the temporal end; the concluding time

probe

noun an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity; an exploratory action or expedition; a flexible slender surgical instrument used to explore wounds or body cavities; an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities; verb question or examine thoroughly and closely; examine physically with or as if with a probe

search

noun an investigation seeking answers; boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas; the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone; the examination of alternative hypotheses; an operation that determines whether one or more of a set of items has a specified property; verb try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of; subject to a search; search or seek; inquire into

detail

noun an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole; extended treatment of particulars; a crew of workers selected for a particular task; a small part that can be considered separately from the whole; a temporary military unit; verb assign to a specific task; provide details for

entry

noun an item inserted in a written record; a written record of a commercial transaction; the act of entering; the act of beginning something new; something that provides access (to get in or get out); something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

instance

noun an item of information that is representative of a type; an occurrence of something; verb clarify by giving an example of

example

noun an item of information that is representative of a type; punishment intended as a warning to others; a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; something to be imitated; a representative form or pattern; an occurrence of something

number

noun an item of merchandise offered for sale; a clothing measurement; the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals; the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural); a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification; a select company of people; a concept of quantity derived from zero and units; the number is used in calling a particular telephone; one of a series published periodically; a symbol used to represent a number; a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program; verb place a limit on the number of; enumerate; give numbers to; determine the number or amount of; add up in number or quantity; put into a group

exhibit

noun an object or statement produced before a court of law and referred to while giving evidence; something shown to the public; verb show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill; walk ostentatiously; to show, make visible or apparent; show or demonstrate something to an interested audience

obstacle

noun an obstruction that stands in the way (and must be removed or surmounted or circumvented); something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted

profession

noun an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences); affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith; an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion; the body of people in a learned occupation

ban

noun an official prohibition or edict against something; 100 bani equal 1 leu in Romania; 100 bani equal 1 leu in Moldova; a decree that prohibits something; a bachelor's degree in nursing; verb prohibit especially by legal means or social pressure; forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper); expel from a community or group; ban from a place of residence, as for punishment

mention

noun an official recognition of merit; a remark that calls attention to something or someone; a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; verb commend; make reference to; make mention of

conflict

noun an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals); an incompatibility of dates or events; opposition between two simultaneous but incompatible feelings; opposition in a work of drama or fiction between characters or forces (especially an opposition that motivates the development of the plot); a state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests; a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; a disagreement or argument about something important; verb go against, as of rules and laws; be in conflict

preconception

noun an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence; a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

member

noun an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations); one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participates in a group organization); anything that belongs to a set or class; the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism); an external body part that projects from the body

database

noun an organized body of related information

archetype

noun an original model on which something is patterned

frontier

noun an undeveloped field of study; a topic inviting research and development; an international boundary or the area (often fortified) immediately inside the boundary; a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

failure

noun an unexpected omission; an act that fails; an event that does not accomplish its intended purpose; a person with a record of failing; someone who loses consistently; loss of ability to function normally; lack of success; inability to discharge all your debts as they come due

victim

noun an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance; a person who is tricked or swindled

conjunction

noun an uninflected function word that serves to conjoin words or phrases or clauses or sentences; (astronomy) apparent meeting or passing of two or more celestial bodies in the same degree of the zodiac; the grammatical relation between linguistic units (words or phrases or clauses) that are connected by a conjunction; something that joins or connects; the temporal property of two things happening at the same time; the state of being joined together

thesis

noun an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument; a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree

merit

noun any admirable quality or attribute; the quality of being deserving (e.g., deserving assistance); verb be worthy or deserving

circle

noun any circular or rotating mechanism; a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra; ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point; something approximating the shape of a circle; movement once around a course; street names for flunitrazepan; a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island; an unofficial association of people or groups; verb travel around something; move in circles; form a circle around; be around

device

noun any clever maneuver; an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose; an emblematic design (especially in heraldry); any ornamental pattern or design (as in embroidery); something in an artistic work designed to achieve a particular effect

belief

noun any cognitive content held as true; a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

term

noun any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial; a word or expression used for some particular thing; one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition; a limited period of time; the end of gestation or point at which birth is imminent; (architecture) a statue or a human bust or an animal carved out of the top of a square pillar; originally used as a boundary marker in ancient Rome; (usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement; verb name formally or designate with a term

fuse

noun any igniter that is used to initiate the burning of a propellant; an electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded; verb make liquid or plastic by heating; become plastic or fluid or liquefied from heat; equip with a fuse; provide with a fuse; mix together different elements

recruit

noun any new member or supporter (as in the armed forces); a recently enlisted soldier; verb cause to assemble or enlist in the military; seek to employ; register formally as a participant or member

group

noun any number of entities (members) considered as a unit; a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse; (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule; verb arrange into a group or groups; form a group or group together

bridge

noun any of various card games based on whist for four players; a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.; an upper deck where a ship is steered and the captain stands; the link between two lenses; rests on nose; a denture anchored to teeth on either side of missing teeth; a wooden support that holds the strings up; a circuit consisting of two branches (4 arms arranged in a diamond configuration) across which a meter is connected; the hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose; something resembling a bridge in form or function; verb make a bridge across; cross over on a bridge; connect or reduce the distance between

pool

noun any of various games played on a pool table having 6 pockets; an excavation that is (usually) filled with water; an organization of people or resources that can be shared; something resembling a pool of liquid; a small body of standing water (rainwater) or other liquid; the combined stakes of the betters; any communal combination of funds; an association of companies for some definite purpose; a small lake; verb join or form a pool of people; combine into a common fund

monitor

noun any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles; a piece of electronic equipment that keeps track of the operation of a system continuously and warns of trouble; electronic equipment that is used to check the quality or content of electronic transmissions; display produced by a device that takes signals and displays them on a television screen or a computer monitor; an ironclad vessel built by Federal forces to do battle with the Merrimac; someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided; someone who supervises (an examination); verb keep tabs on; keep an eye on; keep under surveillance

philosophy

noun any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation; the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics; a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school

sphere

noun any spherically shaped artifact; the geographical area in which one nation is very influential; a three-dimensional closed surface such that every point on the surface is equidistant from the center; a solid figure bounded by a spherical surface (including the space it encloses); a particular environment or walk of life; a particular aspect of life or activity; the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

phenomenon

noun any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning; a remarkable development

emotion

noun any strong feeling

impediment

noun any structure that makes progress difficult; something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress

necessity

noun anything indispensable; the condition of being essential or indispensable

need

noun anything that is necessary but lacking; a condition requiring relief; the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; a state of extreme poverty or destitution; verb have or feel a need for; have need of; require as useful, just, or proper

regiment

noun army unit smaller than a division; verb assign to a regiment; subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization; form (military personnel) into a regiment

advent

noun arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous); the season including the four Sundays preceding Christmas; (Christian theology) the reappearance of Jesus as judge for the Last Judgment

commodity

noun articles of commerce

share

noun assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group; any of the equal portions into which the capital stock of a corporation is divided and ownership of which is evidenced by a stock certificate; any one of a number of individual efforts in a common endeavor; the allotment of some amount by dividing something; a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil; verb communicate; give out as one's portion or share; use jointly or in common; have in common; have, give, or receive a share of

dichotomy

noun being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses

advantage

noun benefit resulting from some event or action; the quality of having a superior or more favorable position; (tennis) first point scored after deuce; verb give an advantage to

profile

noun biographical sketch; an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics; a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers; a side view representation of an object (especially a human face); degree of exposure to public notice; verb represent in profile, by drawing or painting; write about

resurgence

noun bringing again into activity and prominence

spectrum

noun broad range of related values or qualities or ideas or activities; an ordered array of the components of an emission or wave

name

noun by the sanction or authority of; a language unit by which a person or thing is known; a defamatory or abusive word or phrase; family based on male descent; a well-known or notable person; a person's reputation; verb mention and identify by name; give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property; assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to; charge with a function; charge to be; determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a diagnostic analysis; identify as in botany or biology, for example; give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of; make reference to; create and charge with a task or function

potency

noun capacity to produce strong physiological or chemical effects; the state of being potent; a male's capacity to have sexual intercourse; the power or right to give orders or make decisions; the inherent capacity for coming into being

influence

noun causing something without any direct or apparent effort; a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc; a cognitive factor that tends to have an effect on what you do; one having power to influence another; the effect of one thing (or person) on another; verb have and exert influence or effect; shape or influence; give direction to; induce into action by using one's charm

decline

noun change toward something smaller or lower; a condition inferior to an earlier condition; a gradual falling off from a better state; a downward slope or bend; a gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current; verb grow smaller; inflect for number, gender, case, etc., "in many languages, speakers decline nouns, pronouns, and adjectives"; go down in value; go down; grow worse; show unwillingness towards; refuse to accept

typology

noun classification according to general type

quarter

noun clemency or mercy shown to a defeated opponent; piece of leather that comprises the part of a shoe or boot covering the heel and joining the vamp; a district of a city having some distinguishing character; an unspecified person; a United States coin worth one fourth of a dollar; a quarter of a hundredweight (28 pounds); a quarter of a hundredweight (25 pounds); one of the four major division of the compass; a fourth part of a year; three months; one of four periods into which the school year is divided; a unit of time equal to 15 minutes or a quarter of an hour; one of four periods of play into which some games are divided; the rear part of a ship; one of four equal parts; verb divide by four; divide into quarters; divide into quarters; provide housing for (military personnel); pull (a person) apart with four horses tied to his extremities, so as to execute him

contact

noun close interaction; the act of touching physically; (electronics) a junction where things (as two electrical conductors) touch or are in physical contact; a thin curved glass or plastic lens designed to fit over the cornea in order to correct vision or to deliver medication; a communicative interaction; the physical coming together of two or more things; a person who is in a position to give you special assistance; the state or condition of touching or of being in immediate proximity; a channel for communication between groups; verb be in or establish communication with; be in direct physical contact with; make contact

import

noun commodities (goods or services) bought from a foreign country; an imported person brought from a foreign country; having important effects or influence; a meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred; the message that is intended or expressed or signified; verb bring in from abroad; indicate or signify

export

noun commodities (goods or services) sold to a foreign country; verb cause to spread in another part of the world; sell or transfer abroad

threat

noun declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another; a warning that something unpleasant is imminent; a person who inspires fear or dread; something that is a source of danger

claim

noun demand for something as rightful or due; an informal right to something; an assertion of a right (as to money or property); an assertion that something is true or factual; an established or recognized right; a demand especially in the phrase "the call of duty"; verb take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs; assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing; lay claim to; as of an idea; ask for legally or make a legal claim to, as of debts, for example; demand as being one's due or property; assert one's right or title to

recognition

noun designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body; the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering; an acceptance (as of a claim) as true and valid; approval; the explicit and formal acknowledgement of a government or of the national independence of a country; (biology) the ability of one molecule to attach to another molecule that has a complementary shape; the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged; coming to understand something clearly and distinctly

context

noun discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation; the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event

endeavor

noun earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); verb attempt by employing effort

attempt

noun earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; the act of attacking; verb enter upon an activity or enterprise; make an effort or attempt

friction

noun effort expended in moving one object over another with pressure; the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another; a state of conflict between persons

hemisphere

noun either half of the cerebrum; half of the terrestrial globe; half of a sphere

trace

noun either of two lines that connect a horse's harness to a wagon or other vehicle or to a whiffletree; an indication that something has been present; a visible mark (as a footprint) left by the passage of person or animal or vehicle; a just detectable amount; a drawing created by superimposing a semitransparent sheet of paper on the original image and copying on it the lines of the original image; a suggestion of some quality; verb follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something; make a mark or lines on a surface; copy by following the lines of the original drawing on a transparent sheet placed upon it; make a tracing of; make one's course or travel along a path; travel or pass over, around, or along; to go back over again; discover traces of; read with difficulty; pursue or chase relentlessly

parenthesis

noun either of two punctuation marks (or) used to enclose textual material; a message that departs from the main subject

class

noun elegance in dress or behavior; people having the same social or economic status; a collection of things sharing a common attribute; (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders; a body of students who are taught together; a body of students who graduate together; a league ranked by quality; education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings; verb arrange or order by classes or categories

generator

noun engine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction; an apparatus that produces a vapor or gas; an electronic device for producing a signal voltage; someone who originates or causes or initiates something

intrusion

noun entrance by force or without permission or welcome; rock produced by an intrusive process; the forcing of molten rock into fissures or between strata of an earlier rock formation; entry to another's property without right or permission; any entry into an area not previously occupied

apparatus

noun equipment designed to serve a specific function; (anatomy) a group of body parts that work together to perform a given function

equivalence

noun essential equality and interchangeability; qualities that are comparable; a state of being essentially equal or equivalent; equally balanced

university

noun establishment where a seat of higher learning is housed, including administrative and living quarters as well as facilities for research and teaching; the body of faculty and students at a university; a large and diverse institution of higher learning created to educate for life and for a profession and to grant degrees

unanimity

noun everyone being of one mind

universe

noun everything stated or assumed in a given discussion; everything that exists anywhere; (statistics) the entire aggregation of items from which samples can be drawn

preponderance

noun exceeding in heaviness; having greater weight; a superiority in numbers or amount; superiority in power or influence

rigor

noun excessive sternness; something hard to endure; the quality of being logically valid

plethora

noun extreme excess

resolution

noun finding a solution to a problem; a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner; analysis into clear-cut components; a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote; (music) a dissonant chord is followed by a consonant chord; the subsidence of swelling or other signs of inflammation (especially in a lung); (computer science) the number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display; the greater the resolution, the better the picture; the trait of being resolute; something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making; a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem; the ability of a microscope or telescope to measure the angular separation of images that are close together

refuse

noun food that is discarded (as from a kitchen); verb show unwillingness towards; refuse to accept; refuse to let have; refuse entrance or membership; elude, especially in a baffling way; resist immunologically the introduction of some foreign tissue or organ

disillusion

noun freeing from false belief or illusions; verb free from enchantment

produce

noun fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market; verb create or manufacture a man-made product; bring forth or yield; cause to happen, occur or exist; bring out for display; bring onto the market or release; come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques

conserve

noun fruit preserved by cooking with sugar; verb preserve with sugar; use cautiously and frugally; keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction; keep constant through physical or chemical reactions or evolutionary change

parity

noun functional equality; (physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system; (mathematics) a relation between a pair of integers: if both integers are odd or both are even they have the same parity; if one is odd and the other is even they have different parity; (obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered; (computer science) a bit that is used in an error detection procedure in which a 0 or 1 is added to each group of bits so that it will have either an odd number of 1's or an even number of 1's; e.g., if the parity is odd then any group of bits that arrives with an even number of 1's must contain an error

fade

noun gradually ceasing to be visible; a golf shot that curves to the right for a right-handed golfer; verb become less clearly visible or distinguishable; disappear gradually or seemingly; lose freshness, vigor, or vitality; become feeble; disappear gradually

insight

noun grasping the inner nature of things intuitively; the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation; a feeling of understanding; clear or deep perception of a situation

compliance

noun happy friendly agreement; the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another; acting according to certain accepted standards; a disposition or tendency to yield to the will of others

proportion

noun harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design); magnitude or extent; the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole; balance among the parts of something; verb adjust in size relative to other things; give pleasant proportions to

combine

noun harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field; an occurrence that results in things being united; a consortium of independent organizations formed to limit competition by controlling the production and distribution of a product or service; verb add together from different sources; join for a common purpose or in a common action; put or add together; mix together different elements; gather in a mass, sum, or whole; combine so as to form a whole; mix; have or possess in combination

consequence

noun having important effects or influence; the outcome of an event especially as relative to an individual; a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

monogamy

noun having only one spouse at a time

respectability

noun honorableness by virtue of being respectable and having a good reputation

age

noun how long something has existed; a time in life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises; a late time of life; a prolonged period of time; an era of history having some distinctive feature; verb begin to seem older; get older; make older; grow old or older

measure

noun how much there is of something that you can quantify; any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal; musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats; the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements; a statute in draft before it becomes law; (prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse; a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated; verb determine the measurements of something or somebody, take measurements of; place a value on; judge the worth of something; have certain dimensions; express as a number or measure or quantity

panacea

noun hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; once sought by the alchemists; (Greek mythology) the goddess of healing; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Hygeia

autonomy

noun immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence; personal independence

system

noun instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity; the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole; a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts; a complex of methods or rules governing behavior; a procedure or process for obtaining an objective; a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; (physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium; an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized; an organized structure for arranging or classifying

implement

noun instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end; verb apply in a manner consistent with its purpose or design; pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue; ensure observance of laws and rules

aegis

noun kindly endorsement and guidance; armor plate that protects the chest; the front part of a cuirass

intellect

noun knowledge and intellectual ability; the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination; a person who uses the mind creatively

prophecy

noun knowledge of the future (usually said to be obtained from a divine source); a prediction uttered under divine inspiration

deficiency

noun lack of an adequate quantity or number; the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

discontinuity

noun lack of connection or continuity

dependence

noun lack of independence or self-sufficiency; being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs)

disproportion

noun lack of proportion; imbalance among the parts of something

permit

noun large game fish; found in waters of the West Indies; the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization; a legal document giving official permission to do something; verb consent to, give permission; allow the presence of or allow (an activity) without opposing or prohibiting; make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

match

noun lighter consisting of a thin piece of wood or cardboard tipped with combustible chemical; ignites with friction; an exact duplicate; a burning piece of wood or cardboard; something that resembles or harmonizes with; a formal contest in which two or more persons or teams compete; the score needed to win a match; a pair of people who live together; a person who is of equal standing with another in a group; a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect; verb be equal or harmonize; make correspond or harmonize; bring two objects, ideas, or people together; give or join in marriage; provide funds complementary to; be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics; make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching; set into opposition or rivalry; satisfy or fulfill; be equal to in quality or ability

coherence

noun logical and orderly and consistent relation of parts; the state of cohering or sticking together

default

noun loss due to not showing up; act of failing to meet a financial obligation; an option that is selected automatically unless an alternative is specified; loss resulting from failure of a debt to be paid; verb fail to pay up

disequilibrium

noun loss of equilibrium attributable to an unstable situation in which some forces outweigh others

inventory

noun making an itemized list of merchandise or supplies on hand; a detailed list of all the items in stock; (accounting) the value of a firm's current assets including raw materials and work in progress and finished goods; the merchandise that a shop has on hand; a collection of resources; verb make or include in an itemized record or report

conduct

noun manner of acting or controlling yourself; (behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people; verb lead, as in the performance of a composition; lead musicians in the performance of; transmit or serve as the medium for transmission; direct the course of; manage or control; take somebody somewhere; behave in a certain manner

focus

noun maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system; maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea; the concentration of attention or energy on something; a fixed reference point on the concave side of a conic section; a point of convergence of light (or other radiation) or a point from which it diverges; a central point or locus of an infection in an organism; special emphasis attached to something; verb put (an image) into focus; become focussed or come into focus; cause to converge on or toward a central point; direct one's attention on something; bring into focus or alignment; to converge or cause to converge; of ideas or emotions

sector

noun measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end; a particular aspect of life or activity; a body of people who form part of society or economy; a portion of a military position; the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes; a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle

rule

noun measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths; a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior; (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems; any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order; prescribed guide for conduct or action; directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted; (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice; the duration of a monarch's or government's power; something regarded as a normative example; a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system; a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct; dominance or power through legal authority; verb keep in check; decide with authority; decide on and make a declaration about; mark or draw with a ruler; have an affinity with; of signs of the zodiac; exercise authority over; as of nations; be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

matrix

noun mold used in the production of phonograph records, type, or other relief surface; the formative tissue at the base of a nail; the body substance in which tissue cells are embedded; a rectangular array of elements (or entries) set out by rows and columns; an enclosure within which something originates or develops (from the Latin for womb)

integrity

noun moral soundness; an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

vicissitude

noun mutability in life or nature (especially successive alternation from one condition to another); a variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something

reciprocity

noun mutual exchange of commercial or other privileges; a relation of mutual dependence or action or influence

interchange

noun mutual interaction; the activity of reciprocating or exchanging (especially information); a junction of highways on different levels that permits traffic to move from one to another without crossing traffic streams; reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money especially the currencies of different countries; verb reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action); cause to change places; give to, and receive from, one another

update

noun news that updates your information; verb modernize or bring up to date; bring to the latest state of technology; bring up to date; supply with recent information

role

noun normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting; the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; what something is used for; an actor's portrayal of someone in a play

article

noun one of a class of artifacts; nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication; (grammar) a determiner that may indicate the specificity of reference of a noun phrase; a separate section of a legal document (as a statute or contract or will); verb bind by a contract; especially for a training period

frame

noun one of a series of still transparent photographs on a strip of film used in making movies; a structure supporting or containing something; the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape; alternative names for the body of a human being; the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body of an animal; a period of play in baseball during which each team has a turn at bat; verb make up plans or basic details for; formulate in a particular style or language; enclose in or as if in a frame; construct by fitting or uniting parts together; enclose in a frame, as of a picture; take or catch as if in a snare or trap

card

noun one of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes; a card certifying the identity of the bearer; (golf) a record of scores (as in golf); a rectangular piece of stiff paper used to send messages (may have printed greetings or pictures); thin cardboard, usually rectangular; a printed circuit that can be inserted into expansion slots in a computer to increase the computer's capabilities; (baseball) a list of batters in the order in which they will bat; a list of dishes available at a restaurant; a printed or written greeting that is left to indicate that you have visited; a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement; a witty amusing person who makes jokes; verb ask someone for identification to determine whether he or she is old enough to consume liquor; separate the fibers of

paragraph

noun one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line; verb write paragraphs; work as a paragrapher; write about in a paragraph; divide into paragraphs, as of text

stratum

noun one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock); an abstract place usually conceived as having depth

section

noun one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object; a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical); a segment of a citrus fruit; a small team of policemen working as part of a police platoon; a small army unit usually having a special function; a division of an orchestra containing all instruments of the same class; (geometry) the area created by a plane cutting through a solid; a distinct region or subdivision of a territorial or political area or community or group of people; a very thin slice (of tissue or mineral or other substance) for examination under a microscope; a land unit of 1 square mile measuring 1 mile on a side; the cutting of or into body tissues or organs (especially by a surgeon as part of an operation); one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole; a specialized division of a large organization; verb divide into segments

dominion

noun one of the self-governing nations in the British Commonwealth; dominance or power through legal authority; a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

hope

noun one of the three Christian virtues; a specific instance of feeling hopeful; the general feeling that some desire will be fulfilled; someone (or something) on which expectations are centered; United States comedian (born in England) who appeared in films with Bing Crosby (1903-2003); grounds for feeling hopeful about the future; verb intend with some possibility of fulfilment; be optimistic; be full of hope; have hopes; expect and wish

predicate

noun one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the predicate contains the verb and its complements; (logic) what is predicated of the subject of a proposition; the second term in a proposition is predicated of the first term by means of the copula; verb affirm or declare as an attribute or quality of; make the (grammatical) predicate in a proposition; involve as a necessary condition of consequence; as in logic

pioneer

noun one the first colonists or settler in a new territory; someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art; verb open up and explore a new area; open up an area or prepare a way; take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of

prism

noun optical device having a triangular shape and made of glass or quartz; used to deviate a beam or invert an image; a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces (the bases) and whose lateral faces are parallelograms

novelty

noun originality by virtue of being new and surprising; cheap showy jewelry or ornament on clothing; a small inexpensive mass-produced article; originality by virtue of being refreshingly novel

populace

noun people in general considered as a whole

initiate

noun people who have been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity; someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field; someone new to a field or activity; verb take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of; accept young people into society, usually with some rite; prepare the way for; bring up a topic for discussion; bring into being

consent

noun permission to do something; verb give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to

site

noun physical position in relation to the surroundings; the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located); a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web; verb assign a location to

power

noun possession of controlling influence; one possessing or exercising power or influence or authority; (physics) the rate of doing work; measured in watts (= joules/second); physical strength; possession of the qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done; a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself; a state powerful enough to influence events throughout the world; a very wealthy or powerful businessman; (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power; verb supply the force or power for the functioning of

review

noun practice intended to polish performance or refresh the memory; (law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court); an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play); a periodical that publishes critical essays on current affairs or literature or art; (accounting) a service (less exhaustive than an audit) that provides some assurance to interested parties as to the reliability of financial data; a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment; a formal or official examination; a new appraisal or evaluation; a summary at the end that repeats the substance of a longer discussion; a variety show with topical sketches and songs and dancing and comedians; verb look at again; examine again; look back upon (a period of time, sequence of events); remember; hold a review (of troops); refresh one's memory; appraise critically

heritage

noun practices that are handed down from the past by tradition; hereditary succession to a title or an office or property; any attribute or immaterial possession that is inherited from ancestors; that which is inherited; a title or property or estate that passes by law to the heir on the death of the owner

priority

noun preceding in time; status established in order of importance or urgency

family

noun primary social group; parents and children; people descended from a common ancestor; a social unit living together; (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more genera; an association of people who share common beliefs or activities; a collection of things sharing a common attribute; a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities; a person having kinship with another or others

output

noun production of a certain amount; what is produced in a given time period; the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time); final product; the things produced; signal that comes out of an electronic system; verb to create or manufacture a specific amount

labor

noun productive work (especially physical work done for wages); a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages; any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913; a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and the socialization of key industries; an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement; concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of labor to the birth of a child; verb undergo the efforts of childbirth; work hard; strive and make an effort to reach a goal

origin

noun properties attributable to your ancestry; the point of intersection of coordinate axes; where the values of the coordinates are all zero; an event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events; the descendants of one individual; the place where something begins, where it springs into being

defense

noun protection from harm; military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies; a defendant's answer or plea denying the truth of the charges against him; the justification for some act or belief; an organization of defenders that provides resistance against attack; the defendant and his legal advisors collectively; (sports) the team that is trying to prevent the other team from scoring; a structure used to defend against attack; the speech act of answering an attack on your assertions; the federal department responsible for safeguarding national security of the United States; created in 1947; (psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

train

noun public transport provided by a line of railway cars coupled together and drawn by a locomotive; piece of cloth forming the long back section of a gown that is drawn along the floor; a series of consequences wrought by an event; wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed; a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file; a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding; verb exercise in order to prepare for an event or competition; undergo training or instruction in preparation for a particular role, function, or profession; create by training and teaching; travel by rail or train; train to grow in a certain way by tying and pruning it; teach and supervise (someone); act as a trainer or coach (to), as in sports; aim or direct at; as of blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment; drag loosely along a surface; allow to sweep the ground; prepare (someone) for a future role or function; train to be discriminative in taste or judgment; train by instruction and practice; especially to teach self-control

compare

noun qualities that are comparable; verb examine and note the similarities or differences of; consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous; to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb; be comparable

sine

noun ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle

tangent

noun ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle; a straight line or plane that touches a curve or curved surface at a point but does not intersect it at that point

occasion

noun reason; an opportunity to do something; the time of a particular event; an event that occurs at a critical time; a vaguely specified social event; verb give occasion to

logic

noun reasoned and reasonable judgment; a system of reasoning; the principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation; the system of operations performed by a computer that underlies the machine's representation of logical operations; the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference

conjecture

noun reasoning that involves the formation of conclusions from incomplete evidence; a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence); a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence; verb to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds

interplay

noun reciprocal action and reaction

value

noun relative darkness or lightness of a color; the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable; a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed; an ideal accepted by some individual or group; the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else; (music) the relative duration of a musical note; verb fix or determine the value of; assign a value to; estimate the value of; place a value on; judge the worth of something; regard highly; think much of; hold dear

prominence

noun relative importance; the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent; something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings

classification

noun restriction imposed by the government on documents or weapons that are available only to certain authorized people; the basic cognitive process of arranging into classes or categories; a group of people or things arranged by class or category; the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type

paraphrase

noun rewording for the purpose of clarification; verb express the same message in different words

metre

noun rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration; (prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse; the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

plan

noun scale drawing of a structure; a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished; an arrangement scheme; verb make plans for something; have the will and intention to carry out some action; make or work out a plan for; devise; make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form

stricture

noun severe criticism; abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway

commonality

noun sharing of common attributes; class composed of persons lacking noble or knightly or gentle rank

point

noun sharp end; a wall socket; the gun muzzle's direction; an outstanding characteristic; a distinguishing or individuating characteristic; the property of a shape that tapers to a sharp tip; a geometric element that has position but no extension; the object of an activity; a brief version of the essential meaning of something; a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer; the precise location of something; a spatially limited location; a promontory extending out into a large body of water; the unit of counting in scoring a game or contest; a linear unit used to measure the size of type; approximately 1/72 inch; a style in speech or writing that arrests attention and has a penetrating or convincing quality or effect; a V shape; a very small circular shape; an instant of time; a contact in the distributor; as the rotor turns its projecting arm contacts them and current flows to the spark plugs; an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole; a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group of things that could be enumerated on a list; a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations; any of 32 horizontal directions indicated on the card of a compass; a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; verb repair the joints of bricks; be positionable in a specified manner; mark (a psalm text) to indicate the points at which the music changes; mark with diacritics; mark (Hebrew words) with diacritics; give a point to; be a signal for or a symptom of; indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively; intend (something) to move towards a certain goal; direct into a position for use; sail close to the wind; direct the course; determine the direction of travelling; be oriented

expertise

noun skillfulness by virtue of possessing special knowledge

hedonist

noun someone motivated by desires for sensual pleasures

author

noun someone who originates or causes or initiates something; writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay); verb be the author of

practitioner

noun someone who practices a learned profession

vendor

noun someone who promotes or exchanges goods or services for money

guide

noun someone who shows the way by leading or advising; a model or standard for making comparisons; something that offers basic information or instruction; someone who can find paths through unexplored territory; someone employed to conduct others; verb guide or pass over something; use as a guide; be a guiding force, as with directions or advice; direct the course; determine the direction of travelling; take somebody somewhere

sponsor

noun someone who supports or champions something; an advocate who presents a person (as for an award or a degree or an introduction etc.); verb assume sponsorship of; assume responsibility for or leadership of; do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

complement

noun something added to complete or make perfect; either of two parts that mutually complete each other; a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction; number needed to make up a whole force; a complete number or quantity; one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune response; verb make complete or perfect; supply what is wanting or form the complement to

tangle

noun something jumbled or confused; a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven; verb twist together or entwine into a confusing mass; disarrange or rumple; dishevel; tangle or complicate; force into some kind of situation, condition, or course of action

display

noun something shown to the public; a visual representation of something; an electronic device that represents information in visual form; something intended to communicate a particular impression; exhibiting openly in public view; behavior that makes your feelings public; verb attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals; to show, make visible or apparent; make clear and visible

benefit

noun something that aids or promotes well-being; a performance to raise money for a charitable cause; financial assistance in time of need; verb be beneficial for; derive a benefit from

catalyst

noun something that causes an important event to happen; (chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected

offspring

noun something that comes into existence as a result; the immediate descendants of a person; any immature animal

bind

noun something that hinders as if with bonds; verb form a chemical bond with; make fast; tie or secure, with or as if with a rope; wrap around with something so as to cover or enclose; provide with a binding; create social or emotional ties; cause to be constipated; bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted; fasten or secure with a rope, string, or cord; secure with or as if with ropes; stick to firmly

concern

noun something that interests you because it is important or affects you; something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness; a feeling of sympathy for someone or something; an anxious feeling; a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it; verb be on the mind of; have to do with or be relevant to

read

noun something that is read; verb to hear and understand; interpret something that is written or printed; look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed; interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior; obtain data from magnetic tapes; indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments; audition for a stage role by reading parts of a role; have or contain a certain wording or form; make sense of a language; be a student of a certain subject; interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression

salary

noun something that remunerates

outcome

noun something that results; a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

result

noun something that results; the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause; a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem; a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; verb issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end; have as a result or residue

symbol

noun something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible; an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

description

noun sort or variety; a statement that represents something in words; the act of describing something

cue

noun sports implement consisting of a tapering rod used to strike a cue ball in pool or billiards; an actor's line that immediately precedes and serves as a reminder for some action or speech; a stimulus that provides information about what to do; evidence that helps to solve a problem; verb assist (somebody acting or reciting) by suggesting the next words of something forgotten or imperfectly learned

harness

noun stable gear consisting of an arrangement of leather straps fitted to a draft animal so that it can be attached to and pull a cart; a support consisting of an arrangement of straps for holding something to the body (especially one supporting a person suspended from a parachute); verb exploit the power of; put a harness; control and direct with or as if by reins; keep in check

servitude

noun state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment

dilemma

noun state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options

discord

noun strife resulting from a lack of agreement; disagreement among those expected to cooperate; lack of agreement or harmony; a harsh mixture of sounds; verb be different from one another

geography

noun study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation

accord

noun sympathetic compatibility; concurrence of opinion; a written agreement between two states or sovereigns; harmony of people's opinions or actions or characters; verb allow to have; go together

exhaust

noun system consisting of the parts of an engine through which burned gases or steam are discharged; gases ejected from an engine as waste products; verb wear out completely; use up the whole supply of; create a vacuum in (a bulb, flask, reaction vessel); use up (resources or materials); deplete

research

noun systematic investigation to establish facts; a search for knowledge; verb inquire into; attempt to find out in a systematically and scientific manner

lecture

noun teaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class); a lengthy rebuke; a speech that is open to the public; verb deliver a lecture or talk; censure severely or angrily

principality

noun territory ruled by a prince

entity

noun that which is perceived or known or inferred to have its own distinct existence (living or nonliving)

literacy

noun the ability to read and write

experience

noun the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities; the content of direct observation or participation in an event; an event as apprehended; verb go through (mental or physical states or experiences); go or live through; undergo; have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations; undergo an emotional sensation

purchase

noun the acquisition of something for payment; a means of exerting influence or gaining advantage; something acquired by purchase; the mechanical advantage gained by being in a position to use a lever; verb obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

impetus

noun the act of applying force suddenly; a force that moves something along

gradation

noun the act of arranging in grades; relative position in a graded series; a degree of ablaut

presence

noun the act of being present; the impression that something is present; the immediate proximity of someone or something; an invisible spiritual being felt to be nearby; the state of being present; current existence; dignified manner or conduct

switch

noun the act of changing one thing or position for another; a basketball maneuver; two defensive players shift assignments so that each guards the player usually guarded by the other; a flexible implement used as an instrument of punishment; control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit; railroad track having two movable rails and necessary connections; used to turn a train from one track to another or to store rolling stock; hairpiece consisting of a tress of false hair; used by women to give shape to a coiffure; an event in which one thing is substituted for another; verb make a shift in or exchange of; lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; flog with or as if with a flexible rod; reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action); change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence; cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation; exchange or give (something) in exchange for

experiment

noun the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation; a venture at something new or different; the testing of an idea; verb to conduct a test or investigation; try something new, as in order to gain experience

expenditure

noun the act of consuming something; the act of spending money for goods or services; money paid out

consumption

noun the act of consuming something; the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating); (economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body

fracture

noun the act of cracking something; breaking of hard tissue such as bone; (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; verb fracture a bone of; break (a bone); become fractured; violate or abuse; break into pieces; interrupt, break, or destroy

harm

noun the act of damaging something or someone; the occurrence of a change for the worse; any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.; verb cause or do harm to

move

noun the act of deciding to do something; (game) a player's turn to take some action permitted by the rules of the game; the act of changing your residence or place of business; the act of changing location from one place to another; a change of position that does not entail a change of location; verb go or proceed from one point to another; progress by being changed; propose formally; in a debate or parliamentary meeting; have a turn; make one's move in a game; arouse sympathy or compassion in; move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion; cause to move, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; change residence, affiliation, or place of employment; dispose of by selling; live one's life in a specified environment; be in a state of action; give an incentive for action; have an emotional or cognitive impact upon; change location; move, travel, or proceed; perform an action, or work out or perform (an action); follow a procedure or take a course

decrease

noun the act of decreasing or reducing something; the amount by which something decreases; a change downward; a process of becoming smaller or shorter; verb decrease in size, extent, or range; make smaller

demand

noun the act of demanding; an urgent or peremptory request; the ability and desire to purchase goods and services; required activity; a condition requiring relief; verb request urgently and forcefully; claim as due or just; ask to be informed of; summon to court; lay legal claim to; require as useful, just, or proper

find

noun the act of discovering something; a productive insight; verb come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds; succeed in reaching; arrive at; perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place; obtain through effort or management; come upon, as if by accident; meet with; come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost; accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation; receive a specified treatment (abstract); make a discovery; establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study; decide on and make a declaration about; make a discovery, make a new finding; perceive or be contemporaneous with; discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of; get something or somebody for a specific purpose; get or find back; recover the use of

contrast

noun the act of distinguishing by comparing differences; the range of optical density and tone on a photographic negative or print (or the extent to which adjacent areas on a television screen differ in brightness); the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors; the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared; a conceptual separation or distinction; verb put in opposition to show or emphasize differences; to show differences when compared; be different

approach

noun the act of drawing spatially closer to something; a relatively short golf shot intended to put the ball onto the putting green; ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation; a close approximation; the temporal property of becoming nearer in time; the event of one object coming closer to another; a way of entering or leaving; a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others; the final path followed by an aircraft as it is landing; verb make advances to someone, usually with a proposal or suggestion; come near in time; move towards; begin to deal with; come near or verge on, resemble, come nearer in quality, or character

entail

noun the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple; land received by fee tail; verb impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result; have as a logical consequence; limit the inheritance of property to a specific class of heirs

expulsion

noun the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting; the act of forcing out someone or something; squeezing out by applying pressure

flow

noun the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression; the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases); any uninterrupted stream or discharge; the amount of fluid that flows in a given time; dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas; the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause; something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously; verb cover or swamp with water; move or progress freely as if in a stream; cause to flow; be abundantly present; undergo menstruation; fall or flow in a certain way; move along, of liquids

fold

noun the act of folding; a pen for sheep; a folded part (as in skin or muscle); a geological process that causes a bend in a stratum of rock; an angular or rounded shape made by folding; a group of sheep or goats; a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church; verb incorporate a food ingredient into a mixture by repeatedly turning it over without stirring or beating; become folded or folded up; bend or lay so that one part covers the other; intertwine; confine in a fold, like sheep; cease to operate or cause to cease operating

governance

noun the act of governing; exercising authority; the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something

upgrade

noun the act of improving something (especially machinery) by raising it to a higher grade (as by adding or replacing components); hardware that provides better performance than an earlier version did; the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises; a reservation that is improved; software that provides better performance than an earlier version did; an upward slope or grade (as in a road); verb to improve what was old or outdated; give better travel conditions to; get better travel conditions; rate higher; raise in value or esteem; give a promotion to or assign to a higher position

inclusion

noun the act of including; the relation of comprising something; the state of being included; any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases)

expansion

noun the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope; adding information or detail; a discussion that provides additional information

increase

noun the act of increasing something; the amount by which something increases; a change resulting in an increase; a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important; a quantity that is added; verb make bigger or more; become bigger or greater in amount

mesh

noun the act of interlocking or meshing; the number of opening per inch of a screen; measures size of particles; an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals; the topology of a network whose components are all connected directly to every other component; contact by fitting together; verb work together in harmony; coordinate in such a way that all parts work together effectively; entangle or catch in (or as if in) a mesh; keep engaged

view

noun the act of looking or seeing or observing; outward appearance; the visual percept of a region; purpose; the phrase `with a view to' means `with the intention of' or `for the purpose of'; the range of the eye; graphic art consisting of the graphic or photographic representation of a visual percept; the range of interest or activity that can be anticipated; a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty; a way of regarding situations or topics etc.; a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof; verb look at carefully; study mentally; deem to be; see or watch

rupture

noun the act of making a sudden noisy break; a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions); state of being torn or burst open; verb separate or cause to separate abruptly

decision

noun the act of making up your mind about something; a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration; the outcome of a game or contest; (boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred; the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose

mix

noun the act of mixing together; an event that combines things in a mixture; a commercially prepared mixture of dry ingredients; verb add as an additional element or part; combine (electronic signals); to bring or combine together or with something else; mix together different elements; mix so as to make a random order or arrangement; open (a place) to members of all races and ethnic groups

draft

noun the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling; a dose of liquid medicine; a preliminary sketch of a design or picture; a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace; the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded); preliminary version of a written work; a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg; a current of air (usually coming into a room or vehicle); a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another; a large and hurried swallow; compulsory military service; verb draw up an outline or sketch for something; engage somebody to enter the army; make a blueprint of

progress

noun the act of moving forward toward a goal; a movement forward; gradual improvement or growth or development; verb develop in a positive way; form or accumulate steadily; move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

shift

noun the act of moving from one place to another; an event in which something is displaced without rotation; a crew of workers who work for a specific period of time; the time period during which you are at work; the act of changing one thing or position for another; a loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist; a woman's sleeveless undergarment; the key on the typewriter keyboard that shifts from lower-case letters to upper-case letters; a qualitative change; (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; verb move and exchange for another; change gears; move from one setting or context to another; change in quality; change phonetically as part of a systematic historical change; use a shift key on a keyboard; change place or direction; make a shift in or exchange of; lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; move abruptly; move sideways or in an unsteady way; move very slightly; move around

notice

noun the act of noticing or paying attention; polite or favorable attention; a short critical review; an announcement containing information about a future event; advance notification (usually written) of the intention to withdraw from an arrangement or contract; a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement; a request for payment; verb express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with; notice or perceive; make or write a comment on; discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

occupation

noun the act of occupying or taking possession of a building; the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; any activity that occupies a person's attention; the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power; the period of time during which a place or position or nation is occupied

passage

noun the act of passing from one state or place to the next; a journey usually by ship; the act of passing something to another person; a bodily reaction of changing from one place or stage to another; a way through or along which someone or something may pass; a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass; a section of text; particularly a section of medium length; a short section of a musical composition; the passing of a law by a legislative body; the motion of one object relative to another

persuasion

noun the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action; a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

population

noun the act of populating (causing to live in a place); (statistics) the entire aggregation of items from which samples can be drawn; a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area; the people who inhabit a territory or state; the number of inhabitants (either the total number or the number of a particular race or class) in a given place (country or city etc.)

position

noun the act of positing; an assumption taken as a postulate or axiom; a job in an organization; (in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; the spatial property of a place where or way in which something is situated; the arrangement of the body and its limbs; a rationalized mental attitude; a way of regarding situations or topics etc.; the particular portion of space occupied by something; the appropriate or customary location; the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another; the act of putting something in a certain place; an item on a list or in a sequence; an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute; a point occupied by troops for tactical reasons; a condition or position in which you find yourself; the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society; verb cause to be in an appropriate place, state, or relation; put into a certain place or abstract location

grant

noun the act of providing a subsidy; a right or privilege that has been granted; 18th President of the United States; commander of the Union armies in the American Civil War (1822-1885); United States actor (born in England) who was the elegant leading man in many films (1904-1986); Scottish painter; cousin of Lytton Strachey and member of the Bloomsbury Group (1885-1978); (law) a transfer of property by deed of conveyance; any monetary aid; a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business; verb transfer by deed; bestow, especially officially; be willing to concede; allow to have; let have; give as judged due or on the basis of merit; give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another

order

noun the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement; (architecture) one of original three styles of Greek architecture distinguished by the type of column and entablature used or a style developed from the original three by the Romans; a degree in a continuum of size or quantity; a commercial document used to request someone to supply something in return for payment and providing specifications and quantities; a body of rules followed by an assembly; (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed; a request for food or refreshment (as served in a restaurant or bar etc.); (biology) taxonomic group containing one or more families; a group of person living under a religious rule; established customary state (especially of society); a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge); a formal association of people with similar interests; logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements; (usually plural) the status or rank or office of a Christian clergyman in an ecclesiastical hierarchy; a condition of regular or proper arrangement; verb place in a certain order; bring order to or into; make a request for something; give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority; issue commands or orders for; assign a rank or rating to; arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events; appoint to a clerical posts; bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

revise

noun the act of rewriting something; verb make revisions in; revise or reorganize, especially for the purpose of updating and improving

lag

noun the act of slowing down or falling behind; one of several thin slats of wood forming the sides of a barrel or bucket; the time between one event, process, or period and another; verb cover with lagging to prevent heat loss; throw or pitch at a mark, as with coins; hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc.; lock up or confine, in or as in a jail

submission

noun the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another; (law) a contention presented by a lawyer to a judge or jury as part of the case he is arguing; an agreement between parties in a dispute to abide by the decision of an arbiter; a legal document summarizing an agreement between parties in a dispute to abide by the decision of an arbiter; something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition); the condition of having submitted to control by someone or something else; the feeling of patient submissive humbleness

surprise

noun the act of surprising someone; a sudden unexpected event; the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you; verb cause to be surprised; come upon or take unawares; attack by storm; attack suddenly

sustenance

noun the act of sustaining life by food or providing a means of subsistence; a source of materials to nourish the body; the financial means whereby one lives

assumption

noun the act of taking possession of or power over something; the act of assuming or taking for granted; a hypothesis that is taken for granted; (Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended; celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox church; audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to; a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn

abort

noun the act of terminating a project or procedure before it is completed; verb terminate a pregnancy by undergoing an abortion; cease development, die, and be aborted; terminate before completion

test

noun the act of testing something; the act of undergoing testing; any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins; trying something to find out about it; a set of questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge; verb undergo a test; determine the presence or properties of (a substance); achieve a certain score or rating on a test; put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; show a certain characteristic when tested; examine someone's knowledge of something; test or examine for the presence of disease or infection

use

noun the act of using; a particular service; (law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property; exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage; a pattern of behavior acquired through frequent repetition; what something is used for; (economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; verb use up, consume fully; put into service; make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; take or consume (regularly or habitually); habitually do something (use only in the past tense); seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; avail oneself to

design

noun the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan); a decorative or artistic work; a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something; an arrangement scheme; the creation of something in the mind; something intended as a guide for making something else; an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions; verb intend or have as a purpose; design something for a specific role or purpose or effect; conceive or fashion in the mind; invent; make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form; create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner; create designs; make or work out a plan for; devise

change

noun the action of changing something; a different or fresh set of clothes; a thing that is different; an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; the result of alteration or modification; money received in return for its equivalent in a larger denomination or a different currency; the balance of money received when the amount you tender is greater than the amount due; coins of small denomination regarded collectively; a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event; a difference that is usually pleasant; verb undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; make or become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence; cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; remove or replace the coverings of; change clothes; put on different clothes; lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; become deeper in tone; change from one vehicle or transportation line to another; give to, and receive from, one another

function

noun the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; what something is used for; a formal or official social gathering or ceremony; a relation such that one thing is dependent on another; a mathematical relation such that each element of one set is associated with at least one element of another set; a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program; a vaguely specified social event; verb perform as expected when applied; perform duties attached to a particular office or place or function; serve a purpose, role, or function

dynamism

noun the activeness of an energetic personality; any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy; active strength of body or mind

help

noun the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; a means of serving; a resource; a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; verb improve the condition of; improve; change for the better; give help or assistance; be of service; contribute to the furtherance of; be of use; help to some food; help with food or drink; take or use; abstain from doing; always used with a negative

aid

noun the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; a resource; a gift of money to support a worthy person or cause; the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something; verb improve the condition of; give help or assistance; be of service

control

noun the activity of managing or exerting control over something; (physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; power to direct or determine; the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.; a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance; a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another; discipline in personal and social activities; great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity; a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment; the state that exists when one person or group has power over another; verb verify by using a duplicate register for comparison; exercise authoritative control or power over; lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; verify or regulate by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard, of scientific experiments; have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of; be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; handle and cause to function; control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage

profit

noun the advantageous quality of being beneficial; the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses); verb make a profit; gain money or materially; derive a benefit from

increment

noun the amount by which something increases; a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important

gain

noun the amount by which the revenue of a business exceeds its cost of operating; the amount of increase in signal power or voltage or current expressed as the ratio of output to input; the advantageous quality of being beneficial; a quantity that is added; verb increase (one's body weight); increase in; obtain advantages, such as points, etc.; earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages; rise in rate or price; reach a destination, either real or abstract; win something through one's efforts; derive a benefit from; obtain

perspective

noun the appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer; a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

constituency

noun the body of voters who elect a representative for their area

calculus

noun the branch of mathematics that is concerned with limits and with the differentiation and integration of functions; a hard lump produced by the concretion of mineral salts; found in hollow organs or ducts of the body; an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums

dynamics

noun the branch of mechanics concerned with the forces that cause motions of bodies

psychiatry

noun the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders

strategy

noun the branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war; an elaborate and systematic plan of action

demography

noun the branch of sociology that studies the characteristics of human populations

publication

noun the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution; the communication of something to the public; making information generally known; a copy of a printed work offered for distribution; the act of issuing printed materials

reason

noun the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination; a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion; an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon; a rational motive for a belief or action; a justification for something existing or happening; the state of having good sense and sound judgment; verb think logically; decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; present reasons and arguments

breadth

noun the capacity to understand a broad range of topics; the extent of something from side to side

axis

noun the center around which something rotates; the 2nd cervical vertebra; serves as a pivot for turning the head; a straight line through a body or figure that satisfies certain conditions; in World War II the alliance of Germany and Italy in 1936 which later included Japan and other nations; the main stem or central part about which plant organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged; a group of countries in special alliance

brainstorm

noun the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation; verb try to solve a problem by thinking intensely about it

supposition

noun the cognitive process of supposing; a hypothesis that is taken for granted; a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

synthesis

noun the combination of ideas into a complex whole; the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds); reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)

mandate

noun the commission that is given to a government and its policies through an electoral victory; a document giving an official instruction or command; a territory surrendered by Turkey or Germany after World War I and put under the tutelage of some other European power until they are able to stand by themselves; verb assign authority to; make mandatory; assign under a mandate

multitude

noun the common people generally; a large gathering of people; a large indefinite number

nature

noun the complex of emotional and intellectual attributes that determine a person's characteristic actions and reactions; the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized; a particular type of thing; the natural physical world including plants and animals and landscapes etc.; a causal agent creating and controlling things in the universe

topography

noun the configuration of a surface and the relations among its man-made and natural features; precise detailed study of the surface features of a region

time

noun the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past; a person's experience on a particular occasion; an instance or single occasion for some event; an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities); a suitable moment; a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something; rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration; the time as given by a clock; the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event; the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned; verb adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time; regulate or set the time of; assign a time for an activity or event; set the speed, duration, or execution of; measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time

post

noun the delivery and collection of letters and packages; an upright consisting of a piece of timber or metal fixed firmly in an upright position; a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track); the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand; United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914); United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960); United States aviator who in 1933 made the first solo flight around the world (1899-1935); a job in an organization; military installation at which a body of troops is stationed; the system whereby messages are transmitted via the post office; any particular collection of letters or packages that is delivered; verb publicize with, or as if with, a poster; display, as of records in sports games; mark or expose as infamous; put up; affix in a public place or for public notice; ride Western style and bob up and down in the saddle in rhythm with a horse's trotting gait; transfer (entries) from one account book to another; assign to a post; put into a post; enter on a public list; cause to be directed or transmitted to another place; assign to a station; mark with a stake

history

noun the discipline that records and interprets past events involving human beings; all that is remembered of the past as preserved in writing; a body of knowledge; a record or narrative description of past events; the aggregate of past events; the continuum of events occurring in succession leading from the past to the present and even into the future

extent

noun the distance or area or volume over which something extends; the point or degree to which something extends

span

noun the distance or interval between two points; a unit of length based on the width of the expanded human hand (usually taken as 9 inches); the complete duration of something; the act of sitting or standing astride; a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.; two items of the same kind; verb to cover or extend over an area or time period

numerator

noun the dividend of a fraction

give

noun the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length; verb proffer (a body part); consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man; occur; estimate the duration or outcome of something; dedicate; inflict as a punishment; allow to have or take; guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion; submit for consideration, judgment, or use; give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause; offer in good faith; manifest or show; convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture; convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow; bestow; accord by verdict; propose; be flexible under stress of physical force; cause to happen or be responsible for; perform for an audience; present to view; transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody; leave with; give temporarily; give as a present; make a gift of; convey or reveal information; give or convey physically; give (as medicine); cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense; deliver in exchange or recompense; emit or utter; execute and deliver; give food to; give or supply; bring about; organize or be responsible for; move in order to make room for someone for something; break down, literally or metaphorically; place into the hands or custody of; tell or deposit (information) knowledge; contribute to some cause; bestow, especially officially; be the cause or source of; endure the loss of; afford access to

region

noun the extended spatial location of something; a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth; the approximate amount of something (usually used prepositionally as in `in the region of'); a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve; a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about

formation

noun the fabrication of something in a particular shape; creation by mental activity; a particular spatial arrangement; an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit; natural process that causes something to form; the act of forming something; (geology) the geological features of the earth

know

noun the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people; verb be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object; be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about; be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt; know how to do or perform something; have fixed in the mind; have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations; perceive as familiar; be able to distinguish, recognize as being different; know the nature or character of; accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority; have sexual intercourse with

livelihood

noun the financial means whereby one lives

index

noun the finger next to the thumb; an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed; a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time; a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number; a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself; verb adjust through indexation; provide with an index; list in an index

workforce

noun the force of workers available

debate

noun the formal presentation of and opposition to a stated proposition (usually followed by a vote); a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; verb argue with one another; discuss the pros and cons of an issue; have an argument about something; think about carefully; weigh

basis

noun the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained; the most important or necessary part of something; a relation that provides the foundation for something

format

noun the general appearance of a publication; the organization of information according to preset specifications (usually for computer processing); verb divide (a disk) into marked sectors so that it may store data; determine the arrangement of (data) for storage and display (in computer science); set (printed matter) into a specific format

image

noun the general impression that something (a person or organization or product) presents to the public; an iconic mental representation; a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture); a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface; (Jungian psychology) a personal facade that one presents to the world; a standard or typical example; language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense; someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); verb imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind

paradigm

noun the generally accepted perspective of a particular discipline at a given time; systematic arrangement of all the inflected forms of a word; a standard or typical example; the class of all items that can be substituted into the same position (or slot) in a grammatical sentence (are in paradigmatic relation with one another)

limit

noun the greatest possible degree of something; the boundary of a specific area; as far as something can go; the greatest amount of something that is possible or allowed; the mathematical value toward which a function goes as the independent variable approaches infinity; final or latest limiting point; verb restrict or confine, "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"; place limits on (extent or access); decide upon or fix definitely

progeny

noun the immediate descendants of a person

mark

noun the impression created by doing something unusual or extraordinary that people notice and remember; a number or letter indicating quality (especially of a student's performance); the shortest of the four Gospels in the New Testament; a symbol of disgrace or infamy; a visible indication made on a surface; a written or printed symbol (as for punctuation); Apostle and companion of Saint Peter; assumed to be the author of the second Gospel; formerly the basic unit of money in Germany; something that exactly succeeds in achieving its goal; a marking that consists of lines that cross each other; an indication of damage; a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened); a reference point to shoot at; a distinguishing symbol; a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of; verb make or leave a mark on; designate as if by a mark; insert punctuation marks into; mark by some ceremony or observation; be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait; sometimes in a very positive sense; assign a grade or rank to, according to one's evaluation; put a check mark on or near or next to; remove from a list; make underscoring marks; establish as the highest level or best performance; make small marks into the surface of; mark with a scar; attach a tag or label to; notice or perceive; to accuse or condemn or openly or formally or brand as disgraceful

minister

noun the job of a head of a government department; a diplomat representing one government to another; ranks below ambassador; a person appointed to a high office in the government; a person authorized to conduct religious worship; verb work as a minister; attend to the wants and needs of others

bounds

noun the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something

boundary

noun the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something; a line determining the limits of an area; the greatest possible degree of something

dimension

noun the magnitude of something in a particular direction (especially length or width or height); one of three Cartesian coordinates that determine a position in space; magnitude or extent; a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished; verb shape or form to required dimensions; indicate the dimensions on

volume

noun the magnitude of sound (usually in a specified direction); a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications; the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object; a relative amount; physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together; the property of something that is great in magnitude

instrument

noun the means whereby some act is accomplished; a device that requires skill for proper use; a person used by another to gain an end; any of various devices or contrivances that can be used to produce musical tones or sounds; the semantic role of the entity (usually inanimate) that the agent uses to perform an action or start a process; (law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right; verb address a legal document to; write an instrumental score for; equip with instruments for measuring, recording, or controlling

sagacity

noun the mental ability to understand and discriminate between relations; the trait of forming opinions by distinguishing and evaluating

credence

noun the mental attitude that something is believable and should be accepted as true; a kind of sideboard or buffet

language

noun the mental faculty or power of vocal communication; a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols; the cognitive processes involved in producing and understanding linguistic communication; a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline; the text of a popular song or musical-comedy number; (language) communication by word of mouth

element

noun the most favorable environment for a plant or animal; a straight line that generates a cylinder or cone; the situation in which you are happiest and most effective; one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe; an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system; an abstract part of something; any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter

mode

noun the most frequent value of a random variable; any of various fixed orders of the various diatonic notes within an octave; a particular functioning condition or arrangement; how something is done or how it happens; verb inflections that express how the action or state is conceived by the speaker; a classification of propositions on the basis of whether they claim necessity or possibility or impossibility

seek

noun the movement of a read/write head to a specific data track on a disk; verb inquire for; go to or towards; try to get or reach; try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of; make an effort or attempt

bottleneck

noun the narrow part of a bottle near the top; a narrowing that reduces the flow through a channel; verb become narrow, like a bottleneck; slow down or impede by creating an obstruction

asia

noun the nations of the Asian continent collectively; the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

europe

noun the nations of the European continent collectively; the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles; an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members

frequency

noun the number of observations in a given statistical category; the ratio of the number of observations in a statistical category to the total number of observations; the number of occurrences within a given time period

remainder

noun the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend; the part of the dividend that is left over when the dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor; something left after other parts have been taken away; a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold; verb sell cheaply as remainders

antipathy

noun the object of a feeling of intense aversion; something to be avoided; a feeling of intense dislike

homepage

noun the opening page of a web site

biochemistry

noun the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occuring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry

dominance

noun the organic phenomenon in which one of a pair of alleles present in a genotype is expressed in the phenotype and the other allele of the pair is not; the state that exists when one person or group has power over another; superior development of one side of the body; the power or right to give orders or make decisions

decay

noun the organic phenomenon of rotting; a gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current; the process of gradually becoming inferior; the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation; an inferior state resulting from the process of decaying; verb fall into decay or ruin; undergo decay or decomposition; lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current

hierarchy

noun the organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body; a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system

manufacture

noun the organized action of making of goods and services for sale; the act of making something (a product) from raw materials; verb put together out of components or parts; make up something artificial or untrue

industry

noun the organized action of making of goods and services for sale; the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise; persevering determination to perform a task

periphery

noun the outside boundary or surface of something

revolution

noun the overthrow of a government by those who are governed; a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving; a single complete turn (axial or orbital)

equity

noun the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporation; the difference between the market value of a property and the claims held against it; conformity with rules or standards

refrain

noun the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers; verb resist doing something; choose not to consume

root

noun the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support; (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; (botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground; a number that when multiplied by itself some number of times equals a given number; a simple form inferred as the common basis from which related words in several languages can be derived by linguistic processes; the set of values that give a true statement when substituted into an equation; the place where something begins, where it springs into being; someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent); verb take root and begin to grow; cause to take roots; plant by the roots; come into existence, originate; become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style; take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for; dig with the snout

journal

noun the part of the axle contained by a bearing; a record book as a physical object; a periodical dedicated to a particular subject; a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations; a ledger in which transactions have been recorded as they occurred

trajectory

noun the path followed by an object moving through space

nation

noun the people who live in a nation or country; a federation of tribes (especially native American tribes); United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911); a politically organized body of people under a single government

vision

noun the perceptual experience of seeing; a vivid mental image; a religious or mystical experience of a supernatural appearance; the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses; the ability to see; the visual faculty

reject

noun the person or thing that is rejected or set aside as inferior in quality; verb refuse to accept or acknowledge; reject with contempt; refuse entrance or membership; dismiss from consideration or a contest; deem wrong or inappropriate; refuse to accept; resist immunologically the introduction of some foreign tissue or organ

purport

noun the pervading meaning or tenor; the intended meaning of a communication; verb have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming; propose or intend

ethics

noun the philosophical study of moral values and rules; motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

epistemology

noun the philosophical theory of knowledge

resilience

noun the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation that does not exceed its elastic limit; an occurrence of rebounding or springing back

lead

noun the playing of a card to start a trick in bridge; a position of leadership (especially in the phrase `take the lead'); mixture of graphite with clay in different degrees of hardness; the marking substance in a pencil; thin strip of metal used to separate lines of type in printing; an advantage held by a competitor in a race; evidence pointing to a possible solution; the introductory section of a story; a news story of major importance; (baseball) the position taken by a base runner preparing to advance to the next base; (sports) the score by which a team or individual is winning; the angle between the direction a gun is aimed and the position of a moving target (correcting for the flight time of the missile); a soft heavy toxic malleable metallic element; bluish white when freshly cut but tarnishes readily to dull grey; a jumper that consists of a short piece of wire; restraint consisting of a rope (or light chain) used to restrain an animal; the timing of ignition relative to the position of the piston in an internal-combustion engine; an indication of potential opportunity; an actor who plays a principal role; verb cause to undertake a certain action; travel in front of; go in advance of others; take somebody somewhere; tend to or result in; be ahead of others; be the first; pass or spend; preside over; lead, as in the performance of a composition; move ahead (of others) in time or space; be in charge of; be conducive to; have as a result or residue; stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point; lead, extend, or afford access; cause something to pass or lead somewhere

apex

noun the point on the celestial sphere toward which the sun and solar system appear to be moving relative to the fixed stars; the highest point (of something)

trend

noun the popular taste at a given time; a general tendency to change (as of opinion); general line of orientation; a general direction in which something tends to move; verb turn sharply; change direction abruptly

prospect

noun the possibility of future success; a prediction of the course of a disease; the visual percept of a region; belief about (or mental picture of) the future; someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.); verb explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals; search for something desirable

interest

noun the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.); a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something; (usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aims; (law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something; a fixed charge for borrowing money; usually a percentage of the amount borrowed; a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly); a reason for wanting something done; verb excite the curiosity of; engage the interest of; be on the mind of; be of importance or consequence

technology

noun the practical application of science to commerce or industry; the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems

husbandry

noun the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

mainstream

noun the prevailing current of thought

ethic

noun the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group; a system of principles governing morality and acceptable conduct

condition

noun the procedure that is varied in order to estimate a variable's effect by comparison with a control condition; an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else; (usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement; a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing; a state at a particular time; the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape'); information that should be kept in mind when making a decision; verb apply conditioner to in order to make smooth and shiny; put into a better state; establish a conditioned response; specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement; train by instruction and practice; especially to teach self-control

obsolescence

noun the process of becoming obsolete; falling into disuse or becoming out of date

perception

noun the process of perceiving; knowledge gained by perceiving; a way of conceiving something; becoming aware of something via the senses; the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept

literature

noun the profession or art of a writer; the humanistic study of a body of literature; creative writing of recognized artistic value; published writings in a particular style on a particular subject

province

noun the proper sphere or extent of your activities; the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

permanence

noun the property of being able to exist for an indefinite duration

overlap

noun the property of partial coincidence in time; a representation of common ground between theories or phenomena; a flap that lies over another part; verb coincide partially or wholly; extend over and cover a part of

knowledge

noun the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

geometry

noun the pure mathematics of points and lines and curves and surfaces

resonance

noun the quality imparted to voiced speech sounds by the action of the resonating chambers of the throat and mouth and nasal cavities; a vibration of large amplitude produced by a relatively small vibration near the same frequency of vibration as the natural frequency of the resonating system; an excited state of a stable particle causing a sharp maximum in the probability of absorption of electromagnetic radiation; having the character of a loud deep sound; the quality of being resonant; a relationship of mutual understanding or trust and agreement between people

drawback

noun the quality of being a hindrance

transparency

noun the quality of being clear and transparent; permitting the free passage of electromagnetic radiation; picture consisting of a positive photograph or drawing on a transparent base; viewed with a projector

constancy

noun the quality of being enduring and free from change or variation; faithfulness and dependability in personal attachments (especially sexual fidelity); (psychology) the tendency for perceived objects to give rise to very similar perceptual experiences in spite of wide variations in the conditions of observation

importance

noun the quality of being important and worthy of note; a prominent status

inconsistency

noun the quality of being inconsistent and lacking a harmonious uniformity among things or parts; the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time

opacity

noun the quality of being opaque to a degree; the degree to which something reduces the passage of light; incomprehensibility resulting from obscurity of meaning; the phenomenon of not permitting the passage of electromagnetic radiation

significance

noun the quality of being significant; a meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred; the message that is intended or expressed or signified

homogeneity

noun the quality of being similar or comparable in kind or nature; the quality of being of uniform throughout in composition or structure

sufficiency

noun the quality of being sufficient for the end in view; sufficient resources to provide comfort and meet obligations; an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

difference

noun the quality of being unlike or dissimilar; a significant change; a disagreement or argument about something important; a variation that deviates from the standard or norm; the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend

virtue

noun the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong; a particular moral excellence; morality with respect to sexual relations; any admirable quality or attribute

disadvantage

noun the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position; verb put at a disadvantage; hinder, harm

wealth

noun the quality of profuse abundance; property that has economic utility: a monetary value or an exchange value; an abundance of material possessions and resources; the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

culture

noun the raising of plants or animals; (biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar); the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group; the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization; a particular society at a particular time and place; all the knowledge and values shared by a society; a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality

purview

noun the range of interest or activity that can be anticipated

stress

noun the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch); (physics) force that produces strain on a physical body; difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension; special emphasis attached to something; (psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense; verb put stress on; utter with an accent; to stress, single out as important; test the limits of

locale

noun the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)

psychology

noun the science of mental life

harvest

noun the season for gathering crops; the gathering of a ripened crop; the consequence of an effort or activity; the yield from plants in a single growing season; verb remove from a culture or a living or dead body, as for the purposes of transplantation; gather, as of natural products

locus

noun the set of all points or lines that satisfy or are determined by specific conditions; the specific site of a particular gene on its chromosome; the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)

trade

noun the skilled practice of a practical occupation; the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services; the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers; an equal exchange; a particular instance of buying or selling; people who perform a particular kind of skilled work; steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator; verb exchange or give (something) in exchange for; turn in as payment or part payment for a purchase; engage in the trade of; be traded at a certain price or under certain conditions; do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood

assembly

noun the social act of assembling; a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit; a group of persons gathered together for a common purpose; the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery); a public facility to meet for open discussion

shape

noun the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance; any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline); a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept; the visual appearance of something or someone; alternative names for the body of a human being; a perceptual structure; the supreme headquarters that advises NATO on military matters and oversees all aspects of the Allied Command Europe; the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape'); verb give shape or form to; make something, usually for a specific function; shape or influence; give direction to

employ

noun the state of being employed or having a job; verb put into service; make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; engage or hire for work

ubiquity

noun the state of being everywhere at once (or seeming to be everywhere at once)

exclusion

noun the state of being excluded; the act of forcing out someone or something; a deliberate act of omission; the state of being excommunicated

primacy

noun the state of being first in importance

discredit

noun the state of being held in low esteem; verb cause to be distrusted or disbelieved; damage the reputation of; reject as false; refuse to accept

poverty

noun the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

lack

noun the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable; verb be without

neglect

noun the state of something that has been unused and neglected; willful lack of care and attention; failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances; the trait of neglecting responsibilities and lacking concern; lack of attention and due care; verb leave undone or leave out; fail to attend to; give little or no attention to; fail to do something; leave something undone

infrastructure

noun the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area; the basic structure or features of a system or organization

question

noun the subject matter at issue; an informal reference to a marriage proposal; an instance of questioning; a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply; uncertainty about the truth or factuality of existence of something; a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; verb pose a question; challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of; pose a series of questions to; conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting; place in doubt or express doubtful speculation

solution

noun the successful action of solving a problem; a method for solving a problem; a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem; the set of values that give a true statement when substituted into an equation; a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution

independence

noun the successful ending of the American Revolution; a city in western Missouri; the beginning of the Santa Fe Trail; freedom from control or influence of another or others

record

noun the sum of recognized accomplishments; an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport); a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone; anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events; a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction; the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had; sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove; a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted; verb register electronically; make a record of; set down in permanent form; be aware of; be or provide a memorial to a person or an event; indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments

mechanism

noun the technical aspects of doing something; device consisting of a piece of machinery; has moving parts that perform some function; (philosophy) the philosophical theory that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes; a natural object resembling a machine in structure or function; the atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction

destruction

noun the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists; an event (or the result of an event) that completely destroys something; a final state

dissolution

noun the termination or disintegration of a relationship (between persons or nations); separation into component parts; the termination of a meeting; dissolute indulgence in sensual pleasure; the process of going into solution

outset

noun the time at which something is supposed to begin

cortex

noun the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure in plant or animal; the layer of unmyelinated neurons (the grey matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum

heredity

noun the total of inherited attributes; the biological process whereby genetic factors are transmitted from one generation to the next

resolve

noun the trait of being resolute; a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote; verb find the solution; make clearly visible; cause to go into a solution; understand the meaning of; bring to an end; settle conclusively; reach a decision; reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation

reserve

noun the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering anything more than necessary; something kept back or saved for future use or a special purpose; (medicine) potential capacity to respond in order to maintain vital functions; formality and propriety of manner; armed forces that are not on active duty but can be called in an emergency; a district that is reserved for particular purpose; an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced; verb obtain or arrange (for oneself) in advance; hold back or set aside, especially for future use or contingency; arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance; give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

apathy

noun the trait of lacking enthusiasm for or interest in things generally; an absence of emotion or enthusiasm

abandon

noun the trait of lacking restraint or control; reckless freedom from inhibition or worry; a feeling of extreme emotional intensity; verb stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas or claims; leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch; give up with the intent of never claiming again; forsake, leave behind; leave behind empty; move out of

mistrust

noun the trait of not trusting others; doubt about someone's honesty; verb regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in

stem

noun the tube of a tobacco pipe; a turn made in skiing; the back of one ski is forced outward and the other ski is brought parallel to it; front part of a vessel or aircraft; cylinder forming a long narrow part of something; (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; a slender or elongated structure that supports a plant or fungus or a plant part or plant organ; verb remove the stem from; stop the flow of a liquid; grow out of, have roots in, originate in; cause to point inward

conversation

noun the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

state

noun the way something is with respect to its main attributes; a politically organized body of people under a single government; the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state; the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation; a state of depression or agitation; the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies; the territory occupied by a nation; (chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container); verb express in words; put before; indicate through a symbol, formula, etc.

climate

noun the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time; the prevailing psychological state

market

noun the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold; the securities markets in the aggregate; the customers for a particular product or service; a marketplace where groceries are sold; verb engage in the commercial promotion, sale, or distribution of; deal in a market; buy household supplies; make commercial

label

noun trade name of a company that produces musical recordings; a brief description given for purposes of identification; an identifying or descriptive marker that is attached to an object; a radioactive isotope that is used in a compound in order to trace the mechanism of a chemical reaction; verb distinguish (an element or atom) by using a radioactive isotope or an isotope of unusual mass for tracing through chemical reactions; distinguish (as a compound or molecule) by introducing a labeled atom; assign a label to; designate with a label; pronounce judgment on; attach a tag or label to

discipline

noun training to improve strength or self-control; the act of punishing; the trait of being well behaved; a system of rules of conduct or method of practice; a branch of knowledge; verb punish in order to gain control or enforce obedience; train by instruction and practice; especially to teach self-control

commerce

noun transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services); social exchange, especially of opinions, attitudes, etc.; the United States federal department that promotes and administers domestic and foreign trade (including management of the census and the patent office); created in 1913

multimedia

noun transmission that combine media of communication (text and graphics and sound etc.)

reversion

noun turning in the opposite direction; a return to a normal phenotype (usually resulting from a second mutation); (law) an interest in an estate that reverts to the grantor (or his heirs) at the end of some period (e.g., the death of the grantee); a failure to maintain a higher state; returning to a former state; a reappearance of an earlier characteristic

synonym

noun two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context

doubt

noun uncertainty about the truth or factuality of existence of something; the state of being unsure of something; verb consider unlikely or have doubts about; lack confidence in or have doubts about

ambiguity

noun unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning; an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context

veracity

noun unwillingness to tell lies

compulsion

noun using force to cause something; an urge to do or say something that might be better left undone or unsaid; an irrational motive for performing trivial or repetitive actions against your will

workload

noun work that a person is expected to do in a specified time

farm

noun workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit; verb collect fees or profits; be a farmer; work as a farmer; cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques

evidence

noun your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief; an indication that makes something evident; (law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved; verb provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; give evidence; provide evidence for

disposition

noun your usual mood; a natural or acquired habit or characteristic tendency in a person or thing; the act or means of getting rid of something; an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

justify

verb adjust the spaces between words; show to be right by providing justification or proof; show to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for; defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning; let off the hook

sustain

verb admit as valid; supply with necessities and support; undergo (as of injuries and illnesses); establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; provide with nourishment; be the physical support of; carry the weight of; lengthen or extend in duration or space

avow

verb admit openly and bluntly; make no bones about; to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

encroach

verb advance beyond the usual limit; impinge or infringe upon

consult

verb advise professionally; seek information from; get or ask advice from; have a conference in order to talk something over

distort

verb alter the shape of (something) by stress; make false by mutilation or addition; as of a message or story; affect as in thought or feeling; form into a spiral shape; twist and press out of shape

reciprocate

verb alternate the direction of motion of; act, feel, or give mutually or in return

systematize

verb arrange according to a system or reduce to a system

classify

verb arrange or order by classes or categories; declare unavailable, as for security reasons; assign to a class or kind

arrange

verb arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events; make arrangements for; put into a proper or systematic order; adapt for performance in a different way; arrange attractively; plan, organize, and carry out (an event); set (printed matter) into a specific format

apply

verb ask (for something); refer (a word or name) to a person or thing; apply oneself to; be pertinent or relevant or applicable; put into service; make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; apply to a surface; give or convey physically; ensure observance of laws and rules; avail oneself to; be applicable to; as to an analysis

insist

verb assert to be true; be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge; beg persistently and urgently

designate

verb assign a name or title to; design or destine; decree or designate beforehand; give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person)

relegate

verb assign to a class or kind; refer to another person for decision or judgment; assign to a lower position; reduce in rank; expel, as if by official decree

embed

verb attach to, as a journalist to a military unit when reporting on a war; fix or set securely or deeply

ascribe

verb attribute or credit to

impute

verb attribute or credit to; attribute (responsibility or fault) to a cause or source

attest

verb authenticate, affirm to be true, genuine, or correct, as in an official capacity; establish or verify the usage of; provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; give testimony in a court of law

eschew

verb avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of

circumvent

verb avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues); beat through cleverness and wit; surround so as to force to give up

anticipate

verb be a forerunner of or occur earlier than; realize beforehand; be excited or anxious about; act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; regard something as probable or likely; make a prediction about; tell in advance

impede

verb be a hindrance or obstacle to; block passage through

perplex

verb be a mystery or bewildering to; make more complicated

pertain

verb be a part or attribute of; have to do with or be relevant to

oppose

verb be against; express opposition to; be resistant to; oppose with equal weight or force; set into opposition or rivalry; fight against or resist strongly; act against or in opposition to

contain

verb be capable of holding or containing; be divisible by; hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of; lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; include or contain; have as a component; contain or hold; have within

consist

verb be composed of; be consistent in form, tenor, or character; be congruous; have its essential character; be comprised or contained in; be embodied in; originate (in)

depend

verb be contingent upon (something that is elided); have faith or confidence in

differ

verb be different; be of different opinions

equate

verb be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics; make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching; consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous

outweigh

verb be heavier than; weigh more heavily

manage

verb be in charge of, act on, or dispose of; watch and direct; be successful; achieve a goal; carry on or manage; achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods; come to terms or deal successfully with

underlie

verb be or form the base for; lie underneath

inhabit

verb be present in; be inside of; inhabit or live in

conform

verb be similar, be in line with; adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions

suffice

verb be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

coincide

verb be the same; go with, fall together; happen simultaneously

succeed

verb be the successor (of); attain success or reach a desired goal

fluctuate

verb be unstable; move or sway in a rising and falling or wavelike pattern; cause to fluctuate or move in a wavelike pattern

erupt

verb become active and spew forth lava and rocks; erupt or intensify suddenly; become raw or open; start abruptly; appear on the skin; break out; start to burn or burst into flames; force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up

perceive

verb become conscious of; to become aware of through the senses

corrode

verb become destroyed by water, air, or an etching chemical such as an acid; cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid

differentiate

verb become distinct and acquire a different character; become different during development; calculate a derivative; take the derivative; evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to the environment; mark as different; be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait; sometimes in a very positive sense

disengage

verb become free; release from something that holds fast, connects, or entangles; free or remove obstruction from

expand

verb become larger in size or volume or quantity; make bigger or wider in size, volume, or quantity; extend in one or more directions; exaggerate or make bigger; grow stronger; expand the influence of; add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing

unify

verb become one; join or combine; to bring or combine together or with something else; act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief; bring together for a common purpose or action or ideology or in a shared situation

conceive

verb become pregnant; undergo conception; judge or regard; look upon; judge; have the idea for

assimilate

verb become similar to one's environment; make similar; become similar in sound; take (gas, light or heat) into a solution; take up mentally

deteriorate

verb become worse or disintegrate; grow worse

follow

verb behave in accordance or in agreement with; grasp the meaning; travel along a certain course; to travel behind, go after, come after; adhere to or practice; accept and follow the leadership or command or guidance of; come as a logical consequence; follow logically; come after in time, as a result; be next; to bring something about at a later time than; keep informed; keep to; follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something; perform an accompaniment to; imitate in behavior; take as a model; follow in or as if in pursuit; keep under surveillance; choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans; be the successor (of); work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; follow with the eyes or the mind; act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes; to be the product or result; be later in time

infer

verb believe to be the case; guess correctly; solve by guessing; reason by deduction; establish by deduction; conclude by reasoning; in logic; draw from specific cases for more general cases

oblige

verb bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted; provide a service or favor for someone; force or compel somebody to do something

disintegrate

verb break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity; lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current; cause to undergo fission or lose particles

originate

verb bring into being; come into existence; take on form or shape; begin a trip at a certain point, as of a plane, train, bus, etc.

harmonise

verb bring into consonance, harmony, or accord while making music or singing; bring into consonance or accord; bring into consonance or relate harmoniously; sing or play in harmony; write a harmony for; go together

generate

verb bring into existence; produce (energy); make children; give or supply

implicate

verb bring into intimate and incriminating connection; impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result

organize

verb bring order and organization to; arrange by systematic planning and united effort; cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea; plan and direct (a complex undertaking); form or join a union; create (as an entity)

innovate

verb bring something new to an environment

conclude

verb bring to a close; reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation; reach agreement on; come to a close; decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion

terminate

verb bring to an end or halt; terminate the employment of; have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical; be the end of; be the last or concluding part of

engender

verb call forth; make children

suggest

verb call to mind; imply as a possibility; make a proposal, declare a plan for something; drop a hint; intimate by a hint; suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine

perform

verb carry out or perform an action; give a performance (of something); perform a function; get (something) done

injure

verb cause injuries or bodily harm to; cause damage or affect negatively; hurt the feelings of

commit

verb cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution; give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause; make an investment; confer a trust upon; perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

stimulate

verb cause to be alert and energetic; act as a stimulant; stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of; stir feelings in; cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner; provide the needed stimulus for; cause to occur rapidly

homogenize

verb cause to become equal or homogeneous as by mixing; become homogeneous or similar, as by mixing; break up the fat globules of

disseminate

verb cause to become widely known

perpetuate

verb cause to continue or prevail

proliferate

verb cause to grow or increase rapidly; grow rapidly

mobilize

verb cause to move around; make ready for action or use; get ready for war; call to arms; of military personnel

stagnate

verb cease to flow; stand without moving; cause to stagnate; stand still; be idle; exist in a changeless situation

promote

verb change a pawn for a king by advancing it to the eighth row, or change a checker piece for a more valuable piece by moving it the row closest to your opponent; be changed for a superior chess or checker piece; give a promotion to or assign to a higher position; contribute to the progress or growth of; make publicity for; try to sell (a product)

catalyze

verb change by catalysis or cause to catalyze

privatize

verb change from governmental to private control or ownership

transform

verb change in outward structure or looks; increase or decrease (an alternating current or voltage); change (a bacterial cell) into a genetically distinct cell by the introduction of DNA from another cell of the same or closely related species; convert (one form of energy) to another; change or alter in form, appearance, or nature; subject to a mathematical transformation; change from one form or medium into another

denigrate

verb charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good name and reputation of someone; cause to seem less serious; play down

invoke

verb cite as an authority; resort to; request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection; summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

exemplify

verb clarify by giving an example of; be characteristic of

accumulate

verb collect or gather; get or gather together

interfere

verb come between so as to be hindrance or obstacle; get involved, so as to alter or hinder an action, or through force or threat of force

oppress

verb come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority; cause to suffer

obtain

verb come into possession of; receive a specified treatment (abstract); be valid, applicable, or true

appear

verb come into sight or view; come into being or existence, or appear on the scene; be issued or published; appear as a character on stage or appear in a play, etc.; seem to be true, probable, or apparent; present oneself formally, as before a (judicial) authority; give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

emerge

verb come out into view, as from concealment; become known or apparent; come up to the surface of or rise; come out of; happen or occur as a result of something

grow

verb come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; increase in size by natural process; cause to grow or develop; become attached by or as if by the process of growth; cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become; develop and reach maturity; undergo maturation; grow emotionally or mature; come into existence; take on form or shape

occur

verb come to one's mind; suggest itself; to be found to exist; come to pass

reconcile

verb come to terms; bring into consonance or accord; make compatible with; accept as inevitable

penetrate

verb come to understand; pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance; insert the penis into the vagina or anus of; make one's way deeper into or through; become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions; spread or diffuse through; enter a group or organization in order to spy on the members

converge

verb come together so as to form a single product; move or draw together at a certain location; be adjacent or come together; approach a limit as the number of terms increases without limit

invent

verb come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort; make up something artificial or untrue

disallow

verb command against

prohibit

verb command against

proscribe

verb command against

collate

verb compare critically; of texts; to assemble in proper sequence

verify

verb confirm the truth of; attach or append a legal verification to (a pleading or petition); to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true; verify or regulate by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard, of scientific experiments

appraise

verb consider in a comprehensive way; place a value on; judge the worth of something

identify

verb consider to be equal or the same; recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something; identify as in botany or biology, for example; consider (oneself) as similar to somebody else; conceive of as united or associated; give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property

reconstitute

verb construct or form anew or provide with a new structure

survive

verb continue to live; endure or last; continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.); support oneself; live longer than

contribute

verb contribute to some cause; be conducive to; provide; bestow a quality on

capitalise

verb convert (a company's reserve funds) into capital; consider expenditures as capital assets rather than expenses; compute the present value of a business or an income; write in capital letters; draw advantages from; supply with capital, as of a business by using a combination of capital used by investors and debt capital provided by lenders

utilize

verb convert (from an investment trust to a unit trust); put into service; make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

decode

verb convert code into ordinary language

rectify

verb convert into direct current; set straight or right; math: determine the length of; make right or correct; bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one; reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities

receive

verb convert into sounds or pictures; receive a specified treatment (abstract); regard favorably or with disapproval; accept as true or valid; partake of the Holy Eucharist sacrament; express willingness to have in one's home or environs; get something; come into possession of; have or give a reception; bid welcome to; greet upon arrival; register (perceptual input); go through (mental or physical states or experiences); receive as a retribution or punishment; experience as a reaction

encode

verb convert ordinary language into code

transcribe

verb convert the genetic information in (a strand of DNA) into a strand of RNA, especially messenger RNA; make a phonetic transcription of; write out from speech, notes, etc.; rewrite or arrange a piece of music for an instrument or medium other than that originally intended; rewrite in a different script

create

verb create by artistic means; pursue a creative activity; be engaged in a creative activity; bring into existence; invest with a new title, office, or rank; make or cause to be or to become; create or manufacture a man-made product

disturb

verb damage as if by shaking or jarring; move deeply; destroy the peace or tranquility of; tamper with; change the arrangement or position of

specify

verb decide upon or fix definitely; be specific about; determine the essential quality of; select something or someone for a specific purpose; design or destine; define clearly; specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement

contradict

verb deny the truth of; be in contradiction with; prove negative; show to be false; be resistant to

expropriate

verb deprive of possessions

elicit

verb derive by reason; deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning); call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

discern

verb detect with the senses

predetermine

verb determine beforehand; cause to be biased

derive

verb develop or evolve from a latent or potential state; come from; obtain; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example; reason by deduction; establish by deduction

navigate

verb direct carefully and safely; act as the navigator in a car, plane, or vessel and plan, direct, plot the path and position of the conveyance; travel by boat propelled by wind or by other means

govern

verb direct or strongly influence the behavior of; exercise authority over; as of nations; require to be in a certain grammatical case, voice, or mood; bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

detect

verb discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

locate

verb discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining; assign a location to; take up residence and become established; determine or indicate the place, site, or limits of, as if by an instrument or by a survey

explicate

verb elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses; make plain and comprehensible

consume

verb engage fully; serve oneself to, or consume regularly; use up (resources or materials); spend extravagantly; destroy completely; eat immoderately

preoccupy

verb engage or engross the interest or attention of beforehand or occupy urgently or obsessively; occupy or take possession of beforehand or before another or appropriate for use in advance

augment

verb enlarge or increase; grow or intensify

enforce

verb ensure observance of laws and rules; compel to behave in a certain way

predate

verb establish something as being earlier relative to something else; be earlier in time; go back further; prey on or hunt for; come before

undervalue

verb esteem lightly; assign too low a value to; lose in value

assess

verb estimate the value of (property) for taxation; charge (a person or a property) with a payment, such as a tax or a fine; place a value on; judge the worth of something; set or determine the amount of (a payment such as a fine)

explore

verb examine (organs) for diagnostic purposes; examine minutely; travel to or penetrate into; inquire into

peruse

verb examine or consider with attention and in detail

exacerbate

verb exasperate or irritate; make worse

correspond

verb exchange messages; be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics; be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics; take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

attract

verb exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away; direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes; be attractive to

continue

verb exist over a prolonged period of time; continue talking; keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last; continue a certain state, condition, or activity; continue after an interruption; do something repeatedly and showing no intention to stop; move ahead; travel onward in time or space; allow to remain in a place or position; span an interval of distance, space or time; continue in a place, position, or situation

coexist

verb exist together; coexist peacefully, as of nations

develop

verb expand in the form of a series; grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment; cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development; be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest; elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme; grow emotionally or mature; gain through experience; move into a strategically more advantageous position; move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions; superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry; generate gradually; make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation; make visible by means of chemical solutions; come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); change the use of and make available or usable; happen; become technologically advanced; create by training and teaching; elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses; work out; come into existence; take on form or shape

quantify

verb express as a number or measure or quantity; use as a quantifier

typify

verb express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol; embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of

imply

verb express or state indirectly; suggest as a logically necessary consequence; in logic; have as a necessary feature or consequence; entail; have as a logical consequence; suggest that someone is guilty

disentangle

verb extricate from entanglement; smoothen and neaten with or as with a comb; separate the tangles of; release from entanglement of difficulty; free from involvement or entanglement

dissatisfy

verb fail to satisfy

fulfill

verb fill or meet a want or need; put in effect; fulfil the requirements or expectations of

replenish

verb fill something that had previously been emptied

inflate

verb fill with gas or air; exaggerate or make bigger; increase the amount or availability of, creating a rise in value; cause prices to rise by increasing the available currency or credit; become inflated

determine

verb fix conclusively or authoritatively; fix in scope; fix the boundaries of; the tree determines the border of the property; shape or influence; give direction to; establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study; find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort; reach, make, or come to a decision about something; settle conclusively; come to terms; decide upon or fix definitely

entrench

verb fix firmly or securely; occupy a trench or secured area; impinge or infringe upon

append

verb fix to; attach; add to the very end; state or say further

compel

verb force or compel somebody to do something; make someone do something

displace

verb force to move; take the place of; move (people) forcibly from their homeland into a new and foreign environment; put out of its usual place, position, or relationship; remove or force from a position of dwelling previously occupied; cause to move, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; take the place of or have precedence over

imagine

verb form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case; expect, believe, or suppose

comprise

verb form or compose; include or contain; have as a component; be composed of

constitute

verb form or compose; set up or lay the groundwork for; create and charge with a task or function; to compose or represent:"This wall forms the background of the stage setting"

summate

verb form or constitute a cumulative effect; determine the sum of

disenchant

verb free from enchantment

precede

verb furnish with a preface or introduction; move ahead (of others) in time or space; be the predecessor of; come before; be earlier in time; go back further

endow

verb furnish with an endowment; give qualities or abilities to

coalesce

verb fuse or cause to grow together; mix together different elements

extrapolate

verb gain knowledge of (an area not known or experienced) by extrapolating; estimate the value of; draw from specific cases for more general cases

learn

verb gain knowledge or skills; get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally; be a student of a certain subject; commit to memory; learn by heart; impart skills or knowledge to; find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort

improve

verb get better; to make better

procure

verb get by special effort; arrange for sexual partners for others

engage

verb get caught; keep engaged; hire for work or assistance; carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns); ask to represent; of legal counsel; engage or engross wholly; give to in marriage; engage for service under a term of contract; carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in; engage or hire for work

mingle

verb get involved or mixed-up with; to bring or combine together or with something else; be all mixed up or jumbled together

comprehend

verb get the meaning of something; to become aware of through the senses; include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

define

verb give a definition for the meaning of a word; determine the nature of; show the form or outline of; determine the essential quality of

describe

verb give a description of; identify as in botany or biology, for example; to give an account or representation of in words; make a mark or lines on a surface

ennoble

verb give a title to someone; make someone a member of the nobility; confer dignity or honor upon

relate

verb give an account of; have or establish a relationship to; be in a relationship with; make a logical or causal connection; have to do with or be relevant to

educate

verb give an education to; train to be discriminative in taste or judgment; create by training and teaching

inform

verb give character or essence to; impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to; act as an informer

emancipate

verb give equal rights to; of women and minorities; free from slavery or servitude

reflect

verb give evidence of the quality of; give evidence of a certain behavior; to throw or bend back or reflect (from a surface); manifest or bring back; be bright by reflecting or casting light; reflect deeply on a subject

attend

verb give heed (to); take charge of or deal with; be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.; to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result; work for or be a servant to

instruct

verb give instructions or directions for some task; make aware of; impart skills or knowledge to

revitalise

verb give new life or vigor to

restore

verb give or bring back; bring back into original existence, use, function, or position; return to its original or usable and functioning condition; return to life; get or give new life or energy; restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

empower

verb give or delegate power or authority to; give qualities or abilities to

distribute

verb give out; administer or bestow, as in small portions; make available; be mathematically distributive; be distributed or spread, as in statistical analyses; spread throughout a given area; cause to become widely known; distribute or disperse widely; to arrange in a systematic order; cause to be distributed

enlighten

verb give spiritual insight to; in religion; make understand; make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear

transcend

verb go beyond; go beyond

exceed

verb go beyond; go beyond; be or do something to a greater degree

dispense

verb grant a dispensation; grant an exemption; give or apply (medications); administer or bestow, as in small portions

recur

verb happen or occur again; return in thought or speech to something; have recourse to

concur

verb happen simultaneously; be in accord; be in agreement

enquire

verb have a wish or desire to know something; inquire about; conduct an inquiry or investigation of

inquire

verb have a wish or desire to know something; inquire about; conduct an inquiry or investigation of

aspire

verb have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal

exist

verb have an existence, be extant; support oneself

denote

verb have as a meaning; be a sign or indication of; make known; make an announcement

possess

verb have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill; enter into and control, as of emotions or ideas; have ownership or possession of

enjoy

verb have benefit from; derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in; have for one's benefit; take delight in; get pleasure from

rely

verb have confidence or faith in

dominate

verb have dominance or the power to defeat over; be in control; look down on; be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

militate

verb have force or influence; bring about an effect or change

intend

verb have in mind as a purpose; design or destine; denote or connote; mean or intend to express or convey

reproduce

verb have offspring or young; make a copy or equivalent of; recreate an idea, mood, atmosphere, etc. as by artistic means; repeat after memorization

conceal

verb hold back; keep from being perceived by others; prevent from being seen or discovered

undermine

verb hollow out as if making a cave or opening; destroy property or hinder normal operations

impinge

verb impinge or infringe upon; advance beyond the usual limit

impose

verb impose something unpleasant; impose and collect; compel to behave in a certain way

encompass

verb include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

extend

verb increase in quantity or bulk by adding a cheaper substance; prolong the time allowed for payment of; expand the influence of; open or straighten out; unbend; make available; provide; reach outward in space; extend one's limbs or muscles, or the entire body; thrust or extend out; continue or extend; lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer; extend in scope or range or area; use to the utmost; exert vigorously or to full capacity; cause to move at full gallop; extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length; offer verbally; stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point; span an interval of distance, space or time

appreciate

verb increase the value of; gain in value; be fully aware of; realize fully; recognize with gratitude; be grateful for; hold dear

enhance

verb increase; make better or more attractive

indicate

verb indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively; to state or express briefly; suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine; give evidence of; be a signal for or a symptom of

interpolate

verb insert words into texts, often falsifying it thereby; estimate the value of

interweave

verb interlace by or as it by weaving

deconstruct

verb interpret (a text or an artwork) by the method of deconstructing

infuse

verb introduce into the body through a vein, for therapeutic purposes; undergo the process of infusion; let sit in a liquid to extract a flavor or to cleanse; fill, as with a certain quality; teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

induct

verb introduce or initiate; place ceremoniously or formally in an office or position; admit as a member; produce electric current by electrostatic or magnetic processes; accept young people into society, usually with some rite

prescribe

verb issue commands or orders for

ensue

verb issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

connect

verb join for the purpose of communication; join by means of communication equipment; land on or hit solidly; connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces; hit or play a ball successfully; establish a rapport or relationship; be or become joined or united or linked; be scheduled so as to provide continuing service, as in transportation; make a logical or causal connection; plug into an outlet; establish communication with someone

merge

verb join or combine; become one; mix together different elements

deem

verb keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

retain

verb keep in one's mind; secure and keep for possible future use or application; allow to remain in a place or position; hold within

supervise

verb keep tabs on; keep an eye on; keep under surveillance; watch and direct

understand

verb know and comprehend the nature or meaning of; perceive (an idea or situation) mentally; believe to be the case; make sense of a language; be understanding of

ascertain

verb learn or discover with certainty; be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study; find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort

diminish

verb lessen the authority, dignity, or reputation of; decrease in size, extent, or range

prefer

verb like better; value more highly; promote over another; give preference to one creditor over another; select as an alternative; choose instead; prefer as an alternative

expect

verb look forward to the birth of a child; consider reasonable or due; regard something as probable or likely; look forward to the probable occurrence of; be pregnant with; consider obligatory; request and expect

degrade

verb lower the grade of something; reduce its worth; reduce the level of land, as by erosion; reduce in worth or character, usually verbally

devalue

verb lower the value or quality of; remove the value from; deprive of its value; lose in value

contend

verb maintain or assert; be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight; have an argument about something; to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation; compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others; come to terms or deal successfully with

disclaim

verb make a disclaimer about; renounce a legal claim or title to

discover

verb make a discovery; make a discovery, make a new finding; see for the first time; make a discovery; get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally; identify as in botany or biology, for example; make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret; discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of; find unexpectedly

calculate

verb make a mathematical calculation or computation; judge to be probable; specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public; have faith or confidence in; predict in advance; keep an account of

predict

verb make a prediction about; tell in advance; indicate by signs

simulate

verb make a pretence of; create a representation or model of; reproduce someone's behavior or looks

propose

verb make a proposal, declare a plan for something; ask (someone) to marry you; present for consideration; propose or intend; put forward; nominate for appointment to an office

subtract

verb make a subtraction

customize

verb make according to requirements; make to specifications

invert

verb make an inversion (in a musical composition); turn inside out or upside down

stipulate

verb make an oral contract or agreement in the verbal form of question and answer that is necessary to give it legal force; specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement; give a guarantee or promise of

maximize

verb make as big or large as possible; make the most of

recommend

verb make attractive or acceptable; push for something; express a good opinion of

enrich

verb make better or improve in quality; make wealthy or richer

reveal

verb make clear and visible; disclose directly or through prophets; make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret; make visible

clarify

verb make clear by removing impurities or solids, as by heating; make clear and (more) comprehensible

involve

verb make complex or intricate or complicated; occupy or engage the interest of; wrap; contain as a part; connect closely and often incriminatingly; engage as a participant; require as useful, just, or proper; have as a necessary feature or consequence; entail

socialise

verb make conform to socialist ideas and philosophies; prepare for social life; train for a social environment; take part in social activities; interact with others

facilitate

verb make easier; increase the likelihood of (a response); be of use

calibrate

verb make fine adjustments or divide into marked intervals for optimal measuring; measure the caliber of; mark (the scale of a measuring instrument) so that it can be read in the desired units

consolidate

verb make firm or secure; strengthen; make or form into a solid or hardened mass; form into a solid mass or whole; unite into one; bring together into a single whole or system

domesticate

verb make fit for cultivation, domestic life, and service to humans; overcome the wildness of; make docile and tractable; adapt (a wild plant or unclaimed land) to the environment

preclude

verb make impossible, especially beforehand; keep from happening or arising; make impossible

integrate

verb make into a whole or make part of a whole; become one; become integrated; calculate the integral of; calculate by integration; open (a place) to members of all races and ethnic groups

convey

verb make known; pass on, of information; transmit a title or property; transfer to another; serve as a means for expressing something; go or come after and bring or take back; take something or somebody with oneself somewhere; transmit or serve as the medium for transmission

enlarge

verb make larger; become larger or bigger; make large; add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing

legislate

verb make laws, bills, etc. or bring into effect by legislation

decentralize

verb make less central

modify

verb make less severe or harsh or extreme; add a modifier to a constituent; cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

mitigate

verb make less severe or harsh; lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of

mechanise

verb make mechanical; make monotonous; make automatic or routine; equip with armed and armored motor vehicles

heighten

verb make more extreme; raise in quantity, degree, or intensity; become more extreme; increase the height of; make more intense, stronger, or more marked; increase; make (one's senses) more acute

refine

verb make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of; attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying; reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities; treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition; make more complex, intricate, or richer; improve or perfect by pruning or polishing

qualify

verb make more specific; make fit or prepared; describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of; pronounce fit or able; prove capable or fit; meet requirements; add a modifier to a constituent; specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement

obfuscate

verb make obscure or unclear

reside

verb make one's home in a particular place or community; live (in a certain place); be inherent or innate in

incur

verb make oneself subject to; bring upon oneself; become liable to; receive a specified treatment (abstract)

remunerate

verb make payment to; compensate

compensate

verb make payment to; compensate; make amends for; pay compensation for; adjust for; do or give something to somebody in return; make reparations or amends for; make up for shortcomings or a feeling of inferiority by exaggerating good qualities

personalise

verb make personal or more personal

explain

verb make plain and comprehensible; define; serve as a reason or cause or justification of

habituate

verb make psychologically or physically used (to something); take or consume (regularly or habitually)

contaminate

verb make radioactive by adding radioactive material; make impure

realize

verb make real or concrete; give reality or substance to; expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass; convert into cash; of goods and property; perceive (an idea or situation) mentally; be fully aware or cognizant of; earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

dispose

verb make receptive or willing towards an action or attitude or belief; give, sell, or transfer to another; make fit or prepared; throw or cast away

construe

verb make sense of; assign a meaning to

interpret

verb make sense of; assign a meaning to; give an interpretation or rendition of; make sense of a language; give an interpretation or explanation to; restate (words) from one language into another language; create an image or likeness of

minimize

verb make small or insignificant; cause to seem less serious; play down; represent as less significant or important

reinforce

verb make stronger; strengthen and support with rewards

oversimplify

verb make too simple; simplify to an excessive degree

destabilize

verb make unstable; become unstable

fabricate

verb make up something artificial or untrue; put together out of components or parts

reclaim

verb make useful again; transform from a useless or uncultivated state; reuse (materials from waste products); claim back; overcome the wildness of; make docile and tractable; bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one

validate

verb make valid or confirm the validity of; prove valid; show or confirm the validity of something; give evidence for; declare or make legally valid

debilitate

verb make weak

tend

verb manage or run; have care of or look after; have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

demonstrate

verb march in protest; take part in a demonstration; establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; show or demonstrate something to an interested audience

distinguish

verb mark as different; be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait; sometimes in a very positive sense; identify as in botany or biology, for example; make conspicuous or noteworthy; detect with the senses

intersect

verb meet at a point

confound

verb mistake one thing for another; be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly

disperse

verb move away from each other; to cause to separate and go in different directions; cause to separate; cause to become widely known; distribute loosely

descend

verb move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way; come as if by falling; do something that one considers to be below one's dignity; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example

migrate

verb move from one country or region to another and settle there; move periodically or seasonally

diverge

verb move or draw apart; extend in a different direction; have no limits as a mathematical series; be at variance with; be out of line with

propagate

verb multiply sexually or asexually; cause to propagate, as by grafting or layering; transmit or cause to broaden or spread; transmit; travel through the air; transmit from one generation to the next; cause to become widely known; become distributed or widespread

observe

verb observe correctly or closely; watch attentively; celebrate, as of holidays or rites; conform one's action or practice to; make mention of; observe with care or pay close attention to; discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of; follow with the eyes or the mind; show respect towards

inherit

verb obtain from someone after their death; receive by genetic transmission; receive from a predecessor

intervene

verb occur between other event or between certain points of time; get involved, so as to alter or hinder an action, or through force or threat of force; be placed or located between other things or extend between spaces and events

counteract

verb oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary actions; destroy property or hinder normal operations; act in opposition to; oppose or check by a counteraction

conquer

verb overcome by conquest; to put down by force or authority; take possession of by force, as after an invasion

disassociate

verb part; cease or break association with

elapse

verb pass by

recognize

verb perceive to be the same; be fully aware or cognizant of; detect with the senses; show approval or appreciation of; exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate); accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority; express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for; express greetings upon meeting someone; grant credentials to

perpetrate

verb perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

choose

verb pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives; select as an alternative; choose instead; prefer as an alternative; see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way

envision

verb picture to oneself; imagine possible; imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind

restrict

verb place limits on (extent or access); place restrictions on; place under restrictions; limit access to; make more specific

superimpose

verb place on top of

isolate

verb place or set apart; obtain in pure form; separate (experiences) from the emotions relating to them; set apart from others

curtail

verb place restrictions on; terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent

represent

verb point out or draw attention to in protest or remonstrance; describe or present, usually with respect to a particular quality; serve as a means of expressing something; create an image or likeness of; be a delegate or spokesperson for; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute; be representative or typical for; take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to; to establish a mapping (of mathematical elements or sets); bring forward and present to the mind; express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol; perform (a play), especially on a stage; play a role or part; be the defense counsel for someone in a trial; form or compose; be characteristic of

laud

verb praise, glorify, or honor

publish

verb prepare and issue for public distribution or sale; have (one's written work) issued for publication; put into print

cultivate

verb prepare for crops; foster the growth of; adapt (a wild plant or unclaimed land) to the environment; train to be discriminative in taste or judgment

edit

verb prepare for publication or presentation by correcting, revising, or adapting; cut or eliminate; cut and assemble the components of; supervise the publication of

argue

verb present reasons and arguments; give evidence of; have an argument about something

exclude

verb prevent from being included or considered or accepted; prevent from entering; shut out; lack or fail to include; prevent from entering; keep out; put out or expel from a place

confine

verb prevent from leaving or from being removed; deprive of freedom; take into confinement; place limits on (extent or access); restrict or confine, "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"; to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement; close in or confine

emanate

verb proceed or issue forth, as from a source; give out (breath or an odor)

undertake

verb promise to do or accomplish; enter upon an activity or enterprise; accept as a charge; accept as a challenge; enter into a contractual arrangement

negate

verb prove negative; show to be false; make ineffective by counterbalancing the effect of; deny the truth of; be in contradiction with

controvert

verb prove to be false or incorrect; be resistant to

refute

verb prove to be false or incorrect; overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof

discontinue

verb put an end to a state or an activity; come or be at an end; prevent completion

introduce

verb put before (a body); cause to come to know personally; bring before the public for the first time, as of an actor, song, etc.; bring in or establish in a new place or environment; bring something new to an environment; introduce; be a precursor of; furnish with a preface or introduction; put or introduce into something; bring in a new person or object into a familiar environment

submit

verb put before; submit or yield to another's wish or opinion; refer for judgment or consideration; yield to the control of another; accept or undergo, often unwillingly; accept as inevitable; make an application as for a job or funding; hand over formally; make over as a return; refer to another person for decision or judgment

repress

verb put down by force or intimidation; put out of one's consciousness; conceal or hide

propound

verb put forward, as of an idea

encapsulate

verb put in a short or concise form; reduce in volume; enclose in a capsule or other small container

dislocate

verb put out of its usual place, position, or relationship; move out of position

accentuate

verb put stress on; utter with an accent; to stress, single out as important

exert

verb put to use; make a great effort at a mental or physical task; have and exercise

compose

verb put together out of existing material; write music; calm (someone, especially oneself); make quiet; form the substance of; make up plans or basic details for; produce a literary work

endure

verb put up with something or somebody unpleasant; undergo or be subjected to; continue to live; endure or last; continue to exist; persist for a specified period of time; last and be usable; face or endure with courage

examine

verb question closely; observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect; consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning; question or examine thoroughly and closely; put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to

civilize

verb raise from a barbaric to a civilized state; train to be discriminative in taste or judgment

attain

verb reach a point in time, or a certain state or level; reach a destination, either real or abstract; find unexpectedly; to gain with effort

foresee

verb realize beforehand; picture to oneself; imagine possible; act in advance of; deal with ahead of time

deduce

verb reason by deduction; establish by deduction; conclude by reasoning; in logic

induce

verb reason or establish by induction; cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner; cause to arise; cause to occur rapidly; produce electric current by electrostatic or magnetic processes

forgo

verb refrain from consuming; lose or lose the right to by some error, offense, or crime; do without or cease to hold or adhere to; be earlier in time; go back further

consider

verb regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem; take into consideration for exemplifying purposes; think about carefully; weigh; show consideration for; take into account; judge or regard; look upon; judge; deem to be; look at carefully; study mentally; look at attentively; give careful consideration to

purify

verb remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation; make pure or free from sin or guilt; become clean or pure or free of guilt and sin

delete

verb remove or make invisible; cut or eliminate; wipe out magnetically recorded information

erode

verb remove soil or rock; become ground down or deteriorate

stratify

verb render fertile and preserve by placing between layers of earth or sand; form layers or strata; form, arrange, or deposit in layers; divide society into social classes or castes; develop different social levels, classes, or castes

recite

verb repeat aloud from memory; render verbally, "recite a poem"; specify individually; narrate or give a detailed account of; recite in elocution

misrepresent

verb represent falsely; fake or falsify

embody

verb represent, as of a character on stage; represent or express something abstract in tangible form; represent in bodily form

replicate

verb reproduce or make an exact copy of; make or do or perform again; bend or turn backward

presuppose

verb require as a necessary antecedent or precondition; take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand

necessitate

verb require as useful, just, or proper; cause to be a concomitant

constrain

verb restrict; hold back

arise

verb result or issue; rise to one's feet; originate or come into being; get up and out of bed; move upward; take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance; come into existence; take on form or shape

culminate

verb rise to, or form, a summit; bring to a head or to the highest point; end, especially to reach a final or climactic stage; reach the highest altitude or the meridian, of a celestial body; reach the highest or most decisive point

retrieve

verb run after, pick up, and bring to the master; recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection; get or find back; recover the use of

iterate

verb run or be performed again; to say, state, or perform again

assign

verb select something or someone for a specific purpose; decide as to where something belongs in a scheme; transfer one's right to; give out or allot; attribute or credit to; attribute or give; make undue claims to having; give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person)

transmit

verb send from one person or place to another; broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television; transmit or serve as the medium for transmission; transfer to another

instigate

verb serve as the inciting cause of; provoke or stir up

configure

verb set up for a particular purpose

delimit

verb set, mark, or draw the boundaries of something; determine the essential quality of; be opposite to; of angles and sides, in geometry

demarcate

verb set, mark, or draw the boundaries of something; separate clearly and as if by boundaries

tabulate

verb shape or cut with a flat surface; arrange in tabular form

participate

verb share in something; become a participant; be involved in

protect

verb shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage; use tariffs to favor domestic industry

substantiate

verb solidify, firm, or strengthen; establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; make real or concrete; give reality or substance to; represent in bodily form

opine

verb speak one's opinion without fear or hesitation; expect, believe, or suppose

discuss

verb speak with others about (something); talk (something) over in detail; have a discussion; to consider or examine in speech or writing

enumerate

verb specify individually; determine the number or amount of

pervade

verb spread or diffuse through

permeate

verb spread or diffuse through; penetrate mutually or be interlocked; pass through

encourage

verb spur on; inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to; contribute to the progress or growth of

assert

verb state categorically; insist on having one's opinions and rights recognized; assert to be true; to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

persist

verb stay behind; be persistent, refuse to stop; continue to exist

avoid

verb stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something; refrain from doing something; refrain from certain foods or beverages; prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening; declare invalid

vex

verb subject to prolonged examination, discussion, or deliberation; be a mystery or bewildering to; change the arrangement or position of; disturb the peace of mind of; afflict with mental agitation or distress; cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations

negotiate

verb succeed in passing through, around, or over; discuss the terms of an arrangement

imbue

verb suffuse with color; fill, soak, or imbue totally; spread or diffuse through

irrigate

verb supply with a constant flow or sprinkling of some liquid, for the purpose of cooling, cleansing, or disinfecting; supply with water, as with channels or ditches or streams

illustrate

verb supply with illustrations; depict with an illustration; clarify by giving an example of

purvey

verb supply with provisions

underpin

verb support from beneath; support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm

corroborate

verb support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm; establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; give evidence for

extirpate

verb surgically remove (an organ); pull up by or as if by the roots; destroy completely, as if down to the roots

capitulate

verb surrender under agreed conditions

detract

verb take away a part from; diminish

deprive

verb take away; keep from having, keeping, or obtaining; take away possessions from someone

presume

verb take liberties or act with too much confidence; constitute reasonable evidence for; take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof; take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

provide

verb take measures in preparation for; determine (what is to happen in certain contingencies), especially by including a proviso condition or stipulation; provide what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance; supply means of subsistence; earn a living; provide or furnish with; mount or put up; make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain

dismantle

verb take off or remove; take apart into its constituent pieces; tear down so as to make flat with the ground

reduce

verb take off weight; narrow or limit; cook until very little liquid is left; be the essential element; make smaller; make less complex; cut down on; make a reduction in; reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site; undergo meiosis; lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation; simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another; lessen and make more modest; bring to humbler or weaker state or condition; lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture; be cooked until very little liquid is left; to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons; reduce in size; reduce physically; reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; put down by force or intimidation

assume

verb take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect; take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof; take up someone's soul into heaven; occupy or take on; seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession; take on titles, offices, duties, responsibilities; put clothing on one's body; make a pretence of; take on as one's own the expenses or debts of another person

usurp

verb take the place of; seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

supersede

verb take the place or move into the position of

supplant

verb take the place or move into the position of

espouse

verb take up the cause, ideology, practice, method, of someone and use it as one's own; choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans; take in marriage

inculcate

verb teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

indoctrinate

verb teach doctrines to; teach uncritically

immerse

verb thrust or throw into; enclose or envelop completely, as if by swallowing; engross (oneself) fully; cause to be immersed

weigh

verb to be oppressive or burdensome; determine the weight of; have a certain weight; show consideration for; take into account; have weight; have import, carry weight

theorise

verb to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds

speculate

verb to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds; talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion; invest at a risk; reflect deeply on a subject

coerce

verb to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means :"She forced him to take a job in the city"

aver

verb to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true; report or maintain

affirm

verb to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true; say yes to; establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

strive

verb to exert much effort or energy; attempt by employing effort

prepare

verb to prepare verbally, either for written or spoken delivery; lead up to and soften by sounding the dissonant note in it as a consonant note in the preceding chord; prepare (someone) for a future role or function; make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc; undergo training or instruction in preparation for a particular role, function, or profession; create by training and teaching; arrange by systematic planning and united effort; prepare for eating by applying heat

suppress

verb to put down by force or authority; put out of one's consciousness; keep under control; keep in check; control and refrain from showing; of emotions; come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority

reiterate

verb to say, state, or perform again

emphasize

verb to stress, single out as important; give extra weight to (a communication)

dissociate

verb to undergo a reversible or temporary breakdown of a molecule into simpler molecules or atoms; regard as unconnected; part; cease or break association with

send

verb transfer; to cause or order to be taken, directed, or transmitted to another place; cause to go somewhere; broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television; cause to be directed or transmitted to another place; assign to a station; transport commercially; cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution

communicate

verb transmit thoughts or feelings; transmit information; administer communion; in church; be in verbal contact; interchange information or ideas; join or connect; receive Communion, in the Catholic church; transfer to another

ascend

verb travel up, "We ascended the mountain"; slope upwards; go along towards (a river's) source; become king or queen; go back in order of genealogical succession; come up, of celestial bodies

manipulate

verb treat manually, as with massage, for therapeutic purposed; hold something in one's hands and move it; control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage; influence or control shrewdly or deviously; manipulate in a fraudulent manner; fake or falsify

condense

verb undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate; develop due to condensation; become more compact or concentrated; cause a gas or vapor to change into a liquid; remove water from; make more concise

evolve

verb undergo development or evolution; work out; gain through experience

impel

verb urge or force (a person) to an action; constrain or motivate; cause to move forward with force

compile

verb use a computer program to translate source code written in a particular programming language into computer-readable machine code that can be executed; put together out of existing material; get or gather together

establish

verb use as a basis for; found on; set up or lay the groundwork for; bring about; set up or found; establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; institute, enact, or establish; place; build or establish something abstract

prevail

verb use persuasion successfully; prove superior; continue to exist; be valid, applicable, or true; be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

deplete

verb use up (resources or materials)

diversify

verb vary in order to spread risk or to expand; spread into new habitats and produce variety or variegate; make (more) diverse

alien

adj. being or from or characteristic of another place or part of the world; not contained in or deriving from the essential nature of something; noun a form of life assumed to exist outside the Earth or its atmosphere; a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country; anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found; verb transfer property or ownership; arouse hostility or indifference in where there had formerly been love, affection, or friendliness

amenable

adj. disposed or willing to comply; liable to answer to a higher authority; open to being acted upon in a certain way; readily reacting to suggestions and influences

aggregate

adj. gathered or tending to gather into a mass or whole; formed of separate units in a cluster; noun a sum total of many heterogenous things taken together; the whole amount; verb gather in a mass, sum, or whole; amount in the aggregate to

analytic

adj. of a proposition that is necessarily true independent of fact or experience; expressing a grammatical category by using two or more words rather than inflection; using or skilled in using analysis (i.e., separating a whole--intellectual or substantial--into its elemental parts or basic principles); using or subjected to a methodology using algebra and calculus

ally

noun a friendly nation; an associate who provides assistance; verb become an ally or associate, as by a treaty or marriage

ancestry

noun inherited properties shared with others of your bloodline; the descendants of one individual

academia

noun the academic world

accept

verb tolerate or accommodate oneself to; consider or hold as true; be sexually responsive to, used of a female domesticated mammal; react favorably to; consider right and proper; give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to; receive (a report) officially, as from a committee; receive willingly something given or offered; admit into a group or community; be designed to hold or take; make use of or accept for some purpose; take on as one's own the expenses or debts of another person

amorphous

adj. without real or apparent crystalline form; lacking the system or structure characteristic of living bodies; having no definite form or distinct shape

advise

verb inform (somebody) of something; give advice to; make a proposal, declare a plan for something

active

adj. characterized by energetic activity; engaged in full-time work; full of activity or engaged in continuous activity; tending to become more severe or wider in scope; disposed to take action or effectuate change; (of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt; (of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting; expressing action rather than a state of being; used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water'); expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: "Hemingway favors active constructions"; exerting influence or producing a change or effect; of the sun; characterized by a high level activity in sunspots and flares and radio emissions; in operation; taking part in an activity; engaged in or ready for military or naval operations; noun a person devoted to the active life; the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb; chemical agent capable of activity

agglomerate

adj. clustered together but not coherent; noun volcanic rock consisting of large fragments fused together; a collection of objects laid on top of each other; verb form into one cluster

accurate

adj. conforming exactly or almost exactly to fact or to a standard or performing with total accuracy; (of ideas, images, representations, expressions) characterized by perfect conformity to fact or truth ; strictly correct

acquisitive

adj. eager to acquire and possess things especially material possessions or ideas

abstract

adj. existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment; dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention; not representing or imitating external reality or the objects of nature; noun a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory; verb consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically; consider apart from a particular case or instance; give an abstract (of); make off with belongings of others

amalgamate

adj. joined together into a whole; verb to bring or combine together or with something else

alternative

adj. necessitating a choice between mutually exclusive possibilities; pertaining to unconventional choices; allowing a choice; noun one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen

absolute

adj. perfect or complete or pure; not capable of being violated or infringed; complete and without restriction or qualification; sometimes used informally as intensifiers; without conditions or limitations; not limited by law; expressing finality with no implication of possible change; noun something that is conceived to be absolute; something that does not depends on anything else and is beyond human control

actual

adj. presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible; being or existing at the present moment; taking place in reality; not pretended or imitated; existing in act or fact; being or reflecting the essential or genuine character of something; existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not

advance

adj. situated ahead or going before; being ahead of time or need; noun increase in price or value; an amount paid before it is earned; the act of moving forward toward a goal; a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others; a change for the better; progress in development; a movement forward; verb rise in rate or price; develop further; bring forward for consideration or acceptance; move forward, also in the metaphorical sense; cause to move forward; move forward; pay in advance; develop in a positive way; increase or raise; obtain advantages, such as points, etc.; give a promotion to or assign to a higher position; contribute to the progress or growth of

accordingly

adv. in accordance with; (sentence connectors) because of the reason given

add

noun a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders; verb make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of; make an addition by combining numbers; state or say further; constitute an addition; determine the sum of; bestow a quality on

affinity

noun a natural attraction or feeling of kinship; inherent resemblance between persons or things; the force attracting atoms to each other and binding them together in a molecule; (immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody; a close connection marked by community of interests or similarity in nature or character; (biology) state of relationship between organisms or groups of organisms resulting in resemblance in structure or structural parts; (anthropology) kinship by marriage or adoption; not a blood relationship

advocate

noun a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea; a lawyer who pleads cases in court; verb speak, plead, or argue in favour of; push for something

affiliate

noun a subsidiary or subordinate organization that is affiliated with another organization; a subordinate or subsidiary associate; a person who is affiliated with another or with an organization; verb join in an affiliation; join in an affiliation; keep company with; hang out with

admixture

noun an additional ingredient that is added by mixing with the base; the state of impairing the quality or reducing the value of something; the act of mixing together

aberration

noun an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image; a disorder in one's mental state; a state or condition markedly different from the norm

analogy

noun drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect; an inference that if things agree in some respects they probably agree in others; the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; language can point in the right direction but any analogy between God and humans will always be inadequate

absence

noun failure to be present; the state of being absent; the time interval during which something or somebody is away; epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brief clouding of consciousness (a possible other abnormalities)

anecdote

noun short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

act

noun something that people do or cause to happen; a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body; a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program; a subdivision of a play or opera or ballet; a manifestation of insincerity; verb behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself; pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind; discharge one's duties; play a role or part; perform on a stage or theater; perform an action, or work out or perform (an action); be engaged in an activity, often for no particular purpose other than pleasure; be suitable for theatrical performance; behave unnaturally or affectedly; have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected

access

noun the act of approaching or entering; a way of entering or leaving; (computer science) the operation of reading or writing stored information; the right to obtain or make use of or take advantage of something (as services or membership); a code (a series of characters or digits) that must be entered in some way (typed or dialed or spoken) to get the use of something (a telephone line or a computer or a local area network etc.); the right to enter; verb reach or gain access to; obtain or retrieve from a storage device; as of information on a computer

acquisition

noun the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something; something acquired; an ability that has been acquired by training; the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

aim

noun the action of directing something at an object; the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable); an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions; the direction or path along which something moves or along which it lies; verb propose or intend; direct (a remark) toward an intended goal; aim or direct at; as of blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment; have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal; specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public; move into a desired direction of discourse; intend (something) to move towards a certain goal

agriculture

noun the class of people engaged in growing food; the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock; a large-scale farming enterprise; the federal department that administers programs that provide services to farmers (including research and soil conservation and efforts to stabilize the farming economy); created in 1862

affect

noun the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion; verb act physically on; have an effect upon; have an effect upon; have an emotional or cognitive impact upon; make believe with the intent to deceive; connect closely and often incriminatingly

adequacy

noun the quality of being able to meet a need satisfactorily: "he questioned the adequacy of the usual sentimental interpretation of the Golden Rule"; the quality of being sufficient for the end in view

account

noun the quality of taking advantage; importance or value; a statement of recent transactions and the resulting balance; a formal contractual relationship established to provide for regular banking or brokerage or business services; a record or narrative description of past events; an itemized statement of money owed for goods shipped or services rendered; a short account of the news; a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.; the act of informing by verbal report; grounds; verb furnish a justifying analysis or explanation; keep an account of; be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something; to give an account or representation of in words

africa

noun the second largest continent; located south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

address

noun the stance assumed by a golfer in preparation for hitting a golf ball; (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored; written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location; a sign in front of a house or business carrying the conventional form by which its location is described; the manner of speaking to another individual; the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience; the place where a person or organization can be found or communicated with; social skill; verb adjust and aim (a golf ball) at in preparation of hitting; speak to; give a speech to; speak to someone; put an address on (an envelope); direct a question at someone; address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question; access or locate by address; greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name; deal with verbally or in some form of artistic expression

aggression

noun violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked; deliberately unfriendly behavior; the act of initiating hostilities; a disposition to behave aggressively; a feeling of hostility that arouses thoughts of attack

allow

verb allow or plan for a certain possibility; concede the truth or validity of something; give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause; allow the presence of or allow (an activity) without opposing or prohibiting; let have; grant as a discount or in exchange; consent to, give permission; make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen; allow the other (baseball) team to score; make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain; afford possibility

admit

verb declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of; allow participation in or the right to be part of; permit to exercise the rights, functions, and responsibilities of; allow to enter; grant entry to; serve as a means of entrance; give access or entrance to; afford possibility; admit into a group or community; have room for; hold without crowding

allocate

verb distribute according to a plan or set apart for a special purpose

adhere

verb follow through or carry out a plan without deviation; stick to firmly; be a devoted follower or supporter; be compatible or in accordance with; come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation; be loyal to

ameliorate

verb get better; to make better

allot

verb give out or allot; allow to have; administer or bestow, as in small portions

accrue

verb grow by addition; come into the possession of

amplify

verb increase the volume of; exaggerate or make bigger; increase in size, volume or significance; to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth

abridge

verb lessen, diminish, or curtail; reduce in scope while retaining essential elements

activate

verb make active or more active; make (substances) radioactive; aerate (sewage) so as to favor the growth of organisms that decompose organic matter; make more adsorptive; put in motion or move to act

adapt

verb make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose; adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions

accelerate

verb move faster; cause to move faster

align

verb place in a line or arrange so as to be parallel or straight; bring (components or parts) into proper or desirable coordination correlation; align oneself with a group or a way of thinking; align with; be or come into adjustment

alleviate

verb provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier

alter

verb remove the ovaries of; make an alteration to; make or become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence; cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; insert words into texts, often falsifying it thereby

abbreviate

verb shorten; reduce in scope while retaining essential elements

analyze

verb subject to psychoanalytic treatment; make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components or essential features; consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning; break down into components or essential features

adopt

verb take into one's family; take up and practice as one's own; choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans; take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect; take up the cause, ideology, practice, method, of someone and use it as one's own; put into dramatic form; take on titles, offices, duties, responsibilities

acquiesce

verb to agree or express agreement

achieve

verb to gain with effort

adjudicate

verb bring to an end; settle conclusively; put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of

subdivide

verb divide into smaller and smaller pieces; form into subdivisions

obviate

verb do away with; prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

eradicate

verb kill in large numbers; destroy completely, as if down to the roots

expend

verb use up, consume fully; pay out

pseudo

adj. (often used in combination) not genuine but having the appearance of; noun a person who makes deceitful pretenses

judicious

adj. marked by the exercise of good judgment or common sense in practical matters

replete

adj. (followed by `with')deeply filled or permeated; filled to satisfaction with food or drink; verb fill to satisfaction

orient

adj. (poetic) eastern; noun the hemisphere that includes Eurasia and Africa and Australia; the countries of Asia; verb determine one's position with reference to another point; cause to point; be oriented

consistent

adj. (sometimes followed by `with') in agreement or consistent or reliable; the same throughout in structure or composition; marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts; capable of being reproduced

FALSE

adj. (used especially of persons) not dependable in devotion or affection; unfaithful; arising from error; inaccurate in pitch; designed to deceive; deliberately deceptive; not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality; erroneous and usually accidental; adopted in order to deceive; not genuine or real; being an imitation of the genuine article; inappropriate to reality or facts; adv. in a disloyal and faithless manner

substitute

adj. artificial and inferior; being a replacement or substitute for a regular member of a team; capable of substituting in any of several positions on a team; noun a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another; an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced; someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult); verb put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items; be a substitute; act as a substitute

pathological

adj. caused by or evidencing a mentally disturbed condition; of or relating to the practice of pathology; caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology

cohesive

adj. causing cohesion; cohering or tending to cohere; well integrated

quiescent

adj. causing no symptoms; being quiet or still or inactive; not active or activated; marked by a state of tranquil repose

motor

adj. causing or able to cause motion; conveying information to the muscles from the CNS; noun machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion; a nonspecific agent that imparts motion; verb travel or be transported in a vehicle

motive

adj. causing or able to cause motion; impelling to action; noun the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; a theme that is elaborated on in a piece of music

emotive

adj. characterized by emotion

verbal

adj. communicated in the form of words; prolix; relating to or having facility in the use of words; expressed in spoken words; of or relating to or formed from a verb; of or relating to or formed from words in general

subservient

adj. compliant and obedient to authority; abjectly submissive; characteristic of a slave or servant; serving or acting as a means or aid

in

adj. currently fashionable; directed or bound inward; holding office; adv. to or toward the inside of; noun a state in midwestern United States; a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot; a rare soft silvery metallic element; occurs in small quantities in sphalerite

ongoing

adj. currently happening

eventual

adj. expected to follow in the indefinite future from causes already operating

concise

adj. expressing much in few words

articulate

adj. expressing yourself easily or characterized by clear expressive language; consisting of segments held together by joints; verb express or state clearly; speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way; put into words or an expression; provide with a joint

micro

adj. extremely small in scale or scope or capability

benevolent

adj. generous in providing aid to others; intending or showing kindness; generous in assistance to the poor; showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

intent

adj. giving or marked by complete attention to; noun the intended meaning of a communication; an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

impersonal

adj. having no personal preference; not relating to or responsive to individual persons

multidimensional

adj. having or involving or marked by several dimensions or aspects

expensive

adj. high in price or charging high prices

consonant

adj. involving or characterized by harmony; in keeping; noun a speech sound that is not a vowel; a letter of the alphabet standing for a spoken consonant

archaic

adj. little evolved from or characteristic of an earlier ancestral type; so extremely old as seeming to belong to an earlier period

deviate

adj. markedly different from an accepted norm; noun a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior; verb turn aside; turn away from; cause to turn away from a previous or expected course; be at variance with; be out of line with

numeric

adj. measured or expressed in numbers; designated by or expressed in numbers; of or relating to or denoting numbers

satisfactory

adj. meeting requirements; giving satisfaction

fortuitous

adj. occurring by happy chance; having no cause or apparent cause

current

adj. occurring in or belonging to the present time; noun a steady flow (usually from natural causes); a flow of electricity through a conductor; dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas

contemporaneous

adj. occurring in the same period of time; of the same period

voluntary

adj. of your own free will or design; not forced or compelled; controlled by individual volition; noun composition (often improvised) for a solo instrument (especially solo organ) and not a regular part of a religious service or musical performance; (military) a person who freely enlists for service

overt

adj. open and observable; not secret or hidden

innate

adj. present at birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired during fetal development; being talented through inherited qualities; not established by conditioning or learning

propitious

adj. presenting favorable circumstances; likely to result in or show signs or success

unidimensional

adj. relating to a single dimension or aspect; having no depth or scope

content

adj. satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are; noun the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned; everything that is included in a collection; the proportion of a substance that is contained in a mixture or alloy etc.; something (a person or object or scene) selected by an artist or photographer for graphic representation; what a communication that is about something is about; the amount that can be contained; the state of being contented with your situation in life; verb satisfy in a limited way; make content

select

adj. selected or chosen for special qualifications; of superior grade; verb pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

preset

adj. set in advance

extant

adj. still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost

minimal

adj. the least possible

noteworthy

adj. worthy of notice; worthy of notice

therein

adv. (formal) in or into that thing or place

indeed

adv. (used as an interjection) an expression of surprise or skepticism or irony etc.; in truth (often tends to intensify)

diametrically

adv. as from opposite ends of a diameter

facet

noun a smooth surface (as of a bone or cut gemstone); a distinct feature or element in a problem

household

noun a social unit living together

ethos

noun (anthropology) the distinctive spirit of a culture or an era

anomaly

noun (astronomy) position of a planet as defined by its angular distance from its perihelion (as observed from the sun); a person who is unusual; deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule

situation

noun a condition or position in which you find yourself; the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time; a complex or critical or unusual difficulty; a job in an organization; physical position in relation to the surroundings

precondition

noun a condition that is a prerequisite; an assumption that is taken for granted; an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else; verb put into the required condition beforehand

nexus

noun a connected series or group; the means of connection between things linked in series

propensity

noun a disposition to behave in a certain way; a natural inclination; an inclination to do something

wane

noun a gradual decline (in size or strength or power or number); verb decrease in phase; become smaller; grow smaller

disharmony

noun a lack of harmony

dovetail

noun a mortise joint formed by interlocking tenons and mortises; verb fit together tightly, as if by means of a dovetail

citizen

noun a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

outgrowth

noun a natural consequence of development; a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant; the gradual beginning or coming forth

colleague

noun a person who is member of your class or profession; an associate you work with

proponent

noun a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea

privilege

noun a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all; (law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationship; a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right); verb bestow a privilege upon

skill

noun ability to produce solutions in some problem domain; an ability that has been acquired by training

affluence

noun abundant wealth

xenophobia

noun an irrational fear of foreigners or strangers

bureaucrat

noun an official of a bureaucracy

stimulus

noun any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action

document

noun anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks; writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature); a written account of ownership or obligation; (computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters; verb support or supply with references; record in detail

harmony

noun compatibility in opinion and action; an agreeable sound property; the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chords; agreement of opinions; a harmonious state of things in general and of their properties (as of colors and sounds); congruity of parts with one another and with the whole

probity

noun complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles

sequence

noun film consisting of a succession of related shots that develop a given subject in a movie; a following of one thing after another in time; several repetitions of a melodic phrase in different keys; serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern; the action of following in order; verb arrange in a sequence; determine the order of constituents in

imprimatur

noun formal and explicit approval

leisure

noun freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity; time available for ease and relaxation

irony

noun incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs; a trope that involves incongruity between what is expected and what occurs; witty language used to convey insults or scorn

disparity

noun inequality or difference in some respect

livestock

noun not used technically; any animals kept for use or profit

cognizance

noun range or scope of what is perceived; range of what one can know or understand; having knowledge of

critic

noun someone who frequently finds fault or makes harsh and unfair judgments; anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something; a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

sceptic

noun someone who habitually doubts accepted beliefs

malefactor

noun someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime

segregate

noun someone who is or has been segregated; verb separate or isolate (one thing) from another and place in a group apart from others; divide from the main body or mass and collect; separate by race or religion; practice a policy of racial segregation

emphasis

noun special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.; special importance or significance; intensity or forcefulness of expression; the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch)

target

noun sports equipment consisting of an object set up for a marksman or archer to aim at; a reference point to shoot at; the location of the target that is to be hit; the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable); a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence; verb intend (something) to move towards a certain goal

stance

noun standing posture; a rationalized mental attitude

convention

noun the act of convening; something regarded as a normative example; (diplomacy) an international agreement; a large formal assembly; orthodoxy as a consequence of being conventional

outreach

noun the act of reaching out

equation

noun the act of regarding as equal; a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal; a state of being essentially equal or equivalent; equally balanced

tolerance

noun the act of tolerating something; the power or capacity of an organism to tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions; willingness to recognize and respect the beliefs or practices of others; a disposition to allow freedom of choice and behavior; a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits

transfer

noun the act of transfering something from one form to another; transferring ownership; application of a skill learned in one situation to a different but similar situation; a ticket that allows a passenger to change conveyances; someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another; the act of moving something from one location to another; verb transfer from one place or period to another; move around; change from one vehicle or transportation line to another; cause to change ownership; move from one place to another; transfer somebody to a different position or location of work; send from one person or place to another; lift and reset in another soil or situation; shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes

tune

noun the adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency; the property of producing accurately a note of a given pitch; a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence; verb adjust the pitches of (musical instruments); adjust for (better) functioning

environment

noun the area in which something exists or lives; the totality of surrounding conditions

proximity

noun the property of being close together; a Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) objects or events that are near to one another (in space or time) are perceived as belonging together as a unit; the region close around a person or thing

multiplicity

noun the property of being multiple; a large number

strength

noun the property of being physically or mentally strong; the condition of financial success; capacity to produce strong physiological or chemical effects; physical energy or intensity; permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force; the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation); an asset of special worth or utility; the power to induce the taking of a course of action or the embracing of a point of view by means of argument or entreaty; capability in terms of personnel and materiel that affect the capacity to fight a war

regress

noun the reasoning involved when you assume the conclusion is true and reason backward to the evidence; returning to a former state; verb get worse or fall back to a previous condition; go back to a statistical means; go back to bad behavior; go back to a previous state

symbiosis

noun the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other

relevance

noun the relation of something to the matter at hand

ratio

noun the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)

status

noun the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society; a state at a particular time

rudiment

noun the remains of a body part that was functional at an earlier stage of life; the elementary stages of any subject (usually plural)

metallurgy

noun the science and technology of metals

impact

noun the striking of one body against another; a forceful consequence; a strong effect; influencing strongly; the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat; verb press or wedge together; pack together; have an effect upon

sociology

noun the study and classification of human societies

sum

noun the whole amount; a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers; the final aggregate; a quantity of money; the basic unit of money in Uzbekistan; the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets; verb determine the sum of; be a summary of

synergy

noun the working together of two things (muscles or drugs for example) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects

empathy

noun understanding and entering into another's feelings

interact

verb act together or towards others or with others

compete

verb compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others

acknowledge

verb accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority; accept as legally binding and valid; express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for; report the receipt of; declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of; express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with

include

verb add as part of something else; put in as part of a set, group, or category; consider as part of something; have as a part, be made up out of; allow participation in or the right to be part of; permit to exercise the rights, functions, and responsibilities of

expound

verb add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing; state

illuminate

verb add embellishments and paintings to (medieval manuscripts); make lighter or brighter; make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear

annotate

verb add explanatory notes to or supply with critical comments; provide interlinear explanations for words or phrases

attune

verb adjust or accustom to; bring into harmony with

disagree

verb be of different opinions; be different from one another

recast

verb cast or model anew; cast again; cast again, in a different role

emulate

verb compete with successfully; approach or reach equality with; imitate the function of (another system), as by modifying the hardware or the software; strive to equal or match, especially by imitating

transact

verb conduct business

demoralize

verb confuse or put into disorder; lower someone's spirits; make downhearted; corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality

circumscribe

verb draw a line around; to draw a geometric figure around another figure so that the two are in contact but do not intersect; restrict or confine, "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"

evaluate

verb form a critical opinion of; place a value on; judge the worth of something

envisage

verb form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

operate

verb happen; handle and cause to function; direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.; perform surgery on; perform a movement in military or naval tactics in order to secure an advantage in attack or defense; keep engaged; perform as expected when applied

confer

verb have a conference in order to talk something over; present

eliminate

verb kill in large numbers; terminate or take out; remove (an unknown variable) from two or more equations; remove from a contest or race; eliminate from the body; dismiss from consideration or a contest; do away with

depress

verb lessen the activity or force of; lower someone's spirits; make downhearted; lower (prices or markets); press down; cause to drop or sink

vary

verb make something more diverse and varied; be subject to change in accordance with a variable; make or become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence; be at variance with; be out of line with

predispose

verb make susceptible

portray

verb portray in words; make a portrait of; represent in a painting, drawing, sculpture, or verbally; assume or act the character of

recover

verb regain a former condition after a financial loss; cover anew; get or find back; recover the use of; regain or make up for; get over an illness or shock; reuse (materials from waste products)

venerate

verb regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of

enable

verb render capable or able for some task

profess

verb state insincerely; confess one's faith in, or allegiance to; practice as a profession, teach, or claim to be knowledgeable about; take vows, as in religious order; receive into a religious order or congregation; state freely; admit, make a clean breast of

maintain

verb state or assert; observe correctly or closely; support against an opponent; state categorically; maintain by writing regular records; supply with necessities and support; maintain for use and service; have and exercise; keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction; keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean"

impart

verb tell or deposit (information) knowledge; make known; pass on, of information; make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret; bestow a quality on

refer

verb think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another; send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision; have to do with or be relevant to; seek information from; have as a meaning; make reference to

ingrain

verb thoroughly work in; produce or try to produce a vivid impression of

disrupt

verb throw into disorder; interfere in someone else's activity; make a break in

modulate

verb vary the frequency, amplitude, phase, or other characteristic of (electromagnetic waves); adjust the pitch, tone, or volume of; change the key of, in music; fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of; vary the pitch of one's speech

acquire

verb win something through one's efforts; locate (a moving entity) by means of a tracking system such as radar; come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect; gain through experience; gain knowledge or skills; come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

resist

verb withstand the force of something; stand up or offer resistance to somebody or something; refuse to comply; resist immunologically the introduction of some foreign tissue or organ; express opposition through action or words; elude, especially in a baffling way

administrate

verb work in an administrative capacity; supervise

cooperate

verb work together on a common enterprise of project

collaborate

verb work together on a common enterprise of project; cooperate as a traitor

gratify

verb yield (to); give satisfaction to; make happy or satisfied

adult

adj. (of animals) fully developed; noun any mature animal; a fully developed person from maturity onward

adequate

adj. (sometimes followed by `to') meeting the requirements especially of a task; about average; acceptable; enough to meet a purpose

ample

adj. affording an abundant supply; more than enough in size or scope or capacity; fairly large

aggressor

noun a confident assertive person who acts as instigator; someone who attacks

anatomy

noun a detailed analysis; the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals; alternative names for the body of a human being

adjust

verb adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions; alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard; make correspondent or conformable; decide how much is to be paid on an insurance claim; place in a line or arrange so as to be parallel or straight

aggrandize

verb add details to