MS Neuro Quiz 2

Which of the following areas of the brain are responsible for temperature regulation? a) Thalamus b) Pons c) Medulla d) Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

A client with Alzheimer's disease has random violent outbursts, wanders, and is incontinent. The client can no longer identify people who were once familiar, and is unable to identify common objects. The nurse should give highest priority to which aspects during care planning? a) Self-care deficits. b) Impaired communication skills. c) Altered patterns of elimination. d) Risk for injury.

Risk for injury.

A client presents at the clinic complaining of a loss of balance. What test should the nurse expect the physician to carry out on a client with a loss of balance? a) Romberg test b) Rinne test c) Audiometric test d) Weber test

Romberg test

A client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse what their treatment is supposed to do since the disease is progressive. What would be the nurse's best response? a) "Treatment for Parkinson's is only palliative; it keeps you comfortable." b) "Treatment really doesn't matter; the disease is going to progress anyway." c) "Treatment aims at keeping you independent as long as possible." d) "Treatment aims at keeping you emotionally healthy by making you think you are doing something to fight this disease."

"Treatment aims at keeping you independent as long as possible."

A patient exhibiting an uncoordinated gait has presented at the clinic. The nurse knows that what brain structure has the function of balance and coordination? a) Medulla b) Midbrain c) Cerebellum d) Pons

Cerebellum

Which of the following is consistent with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease? a) Genetics plays no role in the development. b) CT scans show shrinking of the cerebral cortex. c) EEGs show faster than normal brain waves. d) Acetylcholine excess in the brain

CT scans show shrinking of the cerebral cortex.

The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a lumbar puncture. Which would the nurse note as a concern? a) Client states a pressure relief in the head. b) Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature. c) Client states a piercing feeling. d) Physician maintains aseptic procedure.

Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature.

The geriatrician has begun an 80-year-old female client on donepezil (Aricept) in order to treat her dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). Which of the following teaching points should the nurse provide to the client's husband about her new medication? a) "Aricept will help your wife sleep much better at night and stay awake during the day." b) "Aricept won't cure your wife's dementia of Alzheimer's type, but it has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease." c) "It's important to closely follow the administration schedule for this drug if it is to make your wife recover." d) "This won't result in any improvements to her symptoms of dementia of Alzheimer's type, but it will make her much more compliant and easier to manage."

"Aricept won't cure your wife's dementia of Alzheimer's type, but it has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease."

An 81-year-old client fell at home and hit her head. The squad brought her to the ED. The client exhibits signs and symptoms of head trauma with indications of increased ICP. What is the normal ventricular ICP? a) 21 to 30 mm Hg b) 16 to 20 mm Hg c) 31 to 40 mm Hg d) 1 to 15 mm Hg

1 to 15 mm Hg

In your continued coursework to advance your nursing degree, your current class on gerontology presents rather alarming and interesting information about the elder demographic of the American population. Where is Alzheimer's disease ranked in the top 20 causes of death in the United States? a) 11th b) 6th c) 16th d) 4th

6th

The school nurse notes a 6-year-old running across the playground with his friends. The child stops in midstride, freezing for a few seconds. Then the child resumes his progress across the playground. The school nurse suspects what in this child? a) A tonic-clonic seizure b) An absence seizure c) A myoclonic seizure d) A partial seizure

An absence seizure

Which medication classification is given to counteract extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)? a) Antidepressants b) Anticonvulsants c) Anticholinergics d) Antianxiety

Anticholinergics

Which of the following medication classifications is utilized preoperatively to decrease risk of postop seizures? a) Corticosteroids b) Diuretics c) Antianxiety d) Anticonvulsants

Anticonvulsants

Which of the following terms is used to describe deterioration in language function? a) Apraxia b) Agnosia c) Executive functioning d) Aphasia

Aphasia

Which of the following terms refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking? a) Agnosia b) Spasticity c) Ataxia d) Rigidity

Ataxia

A male patient is scheduled for an EEG. The patient inquires about any diet-related prerequisites that he must take. Which of the following diet-related advice should the nurse provide to the patient? a) Avoid taking sedative drugs or drinks that contain caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to the test b) Decrease the amount of minerals in the diet c) Include increased amount of minerals in the diet d) Avoid eating food at least 8 hours prior to the test

Avoid taking sedative drugs or drinks that contain caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to the test

When the nurse observes that the patient has extension and external rotation of the arms and wrists and extension, plantar flexion, and internal rotation of the feet, she records the patient's posturing as which of the following? a) Decorticate b) Decerebrate c) Normal d) Flaccid

Decerebrate

A client was running along an ocean pier, tripped on an elevated area of the decking, and struck his head on the pier railing. According to his friends, "He was unconscious briefly and then became alert and behaved as though nothing had happened." Shortly afterward, he began complaining of a headache and asked to be taken to the emergency department. If the client's intracranial pressure (ICP) is increasing, the nurse should expect to observe which sign first? a) Involuntary posturing b) Irregular breathing pattern c) Declining level of consciousness (LOC) d) Pupillary asymmetry

Declining level of consciousness (LOC)

The nurse can distinguish delirium from dementia by knowing which of the following? a) Dementia has an acute onset and can be resolved. b) Delirium has an acute onset and is progressive in course. c) Dementia has a gradual onset and is progressive in course. d) Delirium has a gradual onset and can be resolved.

Dementia has a gradual onset and is progressive in course.

Which of the following are sympathetic effects of the nervous system? a) Decreased blood pressure b) Decreased respiratory rate c) Dilated pupils d) Increased peristalsis

Dilated pupils

The nurse is completing an assessment on a client with myasthenia gravis. Which of the following historical recounting provides the most significant evidence regarding when the disorder began? a) Shortness of breath b) Drooping eyelids c) Muscle spasms d) Sensitivity to bright light

Drooping eyelids

A client experiences loss of consciousness, tongue biting, and incontinence, along with tonic and clonic phases of seizure activity. The nurse should document this episode as which type of seizure? a) Generalized b) Absence c) Jacksonian d) Sensory

Generalized

A patient exhibiting an altered level of consciousness (LOC) due to blunt-force trauma to the head is admitted to the ED. The physician determines the patient's injury is causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should gauge the patient's LOC on the results of what diagnostic tool? a) Monro-Kellie hypothesis b) Cranial nerve function c) Glasgow Coma Scale d) Mental status examination

Glasgow Coma Scale

You are caring for a client with an inoperable brain tumor. What is a major threat to this client? a) Increased ICP b) Hypovolemia c) Decreased ICP d) Hypervolemia

Increased ICP

When obtaining the vital signs of a client with multiple traumatic injuries, a nurse detects bradycardia, bradypnea, and systolic hypertension. The nurse must notify the physician immediately because these findings may reflect which complication? a) Encephalitis b) Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) c) Status epilepticus d) Shock

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

You are the nurse caring for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The client also has an ascending paralysis. Knowing the potential complications of the disorder, what should you keep always ready at the bedside? a) Nebulizer and thermometer b) Incentive spirometer c) Intubation tray and suction apparatus d) Blood pressure apparatus

Intubation tray and suction apparatus

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? a) It acts as a barrier to bacteria. b) It produces cerebral neurotransmitters. c) It cushions the brain and spinal cord. d) It acts as an insulator to maintain a constant spinal fluid temperature.

It cushions the brain and spinal cord.

You are taking care of a client who is taking an anticonvulsant. Why should you advise the client not to stop taking the drug abruptly? a) It may cause alopecia. b) It may cause loss in appetite. c) It may cause severe and ugly skin rashes. d) It may trigger status epilepticus.

It may trigger status epilepticus.

To meet the sensory needs of a client with viral meningitis, which of the following should the nurse do? a) Increase environmental stimuli. b) Minimize exposure to bright lights and noise. c) Avoid physical contact with family members. d) Promote an active range of motion.

Minimize exposure to bright lights and noise.

A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has difficulty interpreting visual stimuli. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects injury to which lobe of the brain? a) Parietal b) Frontal c) Occipital d) Temporal

Occipital

Why is important for nurses to assess blood pressure in patients receiving antipsychotic drugs? a) Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect. b) It will indicate the need to institute anti-parkinsonian drugs. c) Most antipsychotic drugs cause elevated blood pressure. d) This provides additional support for the patient.

Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect.

The pre-nursing class is learning about the nervous system in their anatomy class. What part of the nervous system would the students learn is responsible for digesting food and eliminating body waste? a) Sympathetic b) Parasympathetic c) Peripheral d) Central

Parasympathetic

A 55-year-old female client presents at the walk-in clinic complaining of feeling like a mask is on her face. While doing the initial assessment, the nurse notes the demonstration of a pill-rolling movement in the right hand and a stooped posture. Physical examination shows bradykinesia and a shuffling gait. What would the nurse suspect is the causative factor for these symptoms? a) Multiple sclerosis b) Myesthenia gravis c) Parkinson's disease d) Huntington's disease

Parkinson's disease

A patient is admitted to the hospital for management of an extrapyramidal disorder. Included in the physician's admitting orders are the medications levodopa, Cogentin, and Eldepryl. The nurse knows that most likely, the client has a diagnosis of ________. a) Seizure disorder b) Parkinson's disease c) Multiple sclerosis d) Huntington's disease

Parkinson's disease

A client you are caring for experiences a seizure. What would be a priority nursing action? a) Protect the client from injury. b) Insert a tongue blade between the teeth. c) Suction the mouth during the convulsion. d) Restrain the client during the seizure.

Protect the client from injury.

The nurse is caring for a client with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). The care plan for this client reflects the client's problem eating due to jaw pain. To assist the client in meeting the adequate nutritional needs, what should the nurse suggest? a) Increase the intake of calcium and proteins. b) Include additional servings of fruits and raw vegetables c) Include fish, liver, and chicken in diet d) Take small meals of soft consistency

Take small meals of soft consistency

Your grandmother is 72 and is a feisty, independent matriarch to your family. She developed influenza and was quite ill for several days. Three days into her illness she became disoriented, confused and didn't recognize family members. As she is not improving, you take her to the local ED for treatment. What would you expect the physician to prescribe as treatment? a) Antipsychotic medications b) No treatment is available c) Admission to a psychiatric unit d) Treat the underlying condition

Treat the underlying condition

A female client is being treated for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Why should the nurse ensure that the client does not develop hypothermia? Choose the correct option. a) Because hypothermia is indicative of malaria b) Because shivering in hypothermia can increase ICP c) Because hypothermia is indicative of severe meningitis d) Because hypothermia can cause death to the client

Because shivering in hypothermia can increase ICP

A hospital patient has experienced a seizure. In the immediate recovery period, what action best protects the patient's safety? a) Place the patient in a side-lying position. b) Reassure the patient and family members. c) Administer antianxiety medications as ordered. d) Pad the patient's bed rails.

Place the patient in a side-lying position.

An elderly, confused client, is going to be treated with donepezil (Aricept). This drug is effective in treating clients: a) Who are confused because of depression. b) With early-stage Alzheimer's disease. c) With age-related neurologic changes. d) With delirium.

With early-stage Alzheimer's disease.