ms prepu 40: Gastric and Duodenal Disorders
A client is prescribed tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which instruction would the nurse give the client?
"Be sure to wear sunscreen while taking this medicine." Explanation: Tetracycline may cause a photosensitivity reaction in clients. The nurse should caution the client to use sunscreen when taking this drug. Dairy products can reduce the effectiveness of tetracycline, so the nurse should not advise him or her to take the medication with milk. GI upset is possible with tetracycline administration. Administration of tetracycline does not necessitate driving restrictions.
A client comes to the clinic reporting pain in the epigastric region. What assessment question during the health interview would most help the nurse determine if the client has a peptic ulcer?
"Does your pain resolve when you have something to eat?" Explanation: Pain relief after eating is associated with peptic ulcers. The pain of peptic ulcers is generally unrelated to activity or bowel function and may or may not respond to analgesics.
A client is admitted to the health care facility with a diagnosis of a bleeding gastric ulcer. The nurse expects the client's stools to have which description?
Black and tarry Explanation: Black, tarry stools are a sign of bleeding high in the GI tract, as from a gastric ulcer, and result from the action of digestive enzymes on the blood. Vomitus associated with upper GI tract bleeding commonly is described as coffee-ground-like. Clay-colored stools are associated with biliary obstruction. Bright red stools indicate lower GI tract bleeding.
Which of the following clients is at highest risk for peptic ulcer disease?
Client with blood type O Explanation: Clients with blood type O are more susceptible to peptic ulcers than those with blood types A, B, and AB.
A client is prescribed a histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist. The nurse understands that this might include which medication(s)? Select all that apply. Nizatidine Lansoprazole Famotidine Cimetidine Esomeprazole
Nizatidine Famotidine Cimetidine Explanation: H2-receptor antagonists suppress secretion of gastric acid, alleviate symptoms of heartburn, and assist in preventing complications of peptic ulcer disease. These medications also suppress gastric acid secretions and are used in active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis, and pathological hypersecretory conditions. The other medications listed are proton-pump inhibitors.
A client is recovering from gastric surgery. Toward what goal should the nurse progress the client's enteral intake?
Six small meals daily with 120 mL fluid between meals Explanation: After the return of bowel sounds and removal of the nasogastric tube, the nurse may give fluids, followed by food in small portions. Foods are gradually added until the client can eat six small meals a day and drink 120 mL of fluid between meals.
A client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. What client symptom may indicate a peptic ulcer perforation to the nurse?
Sudden, severe upper abdominal pain Explanation: The client with a peptic ulcer perforation may have symptoms such as sudden, sever upper abdominal pain, vomiting, fainting, an extremely tender and rigid (board-like) abdomen, and hypotension and tachycardia, indicating shock. The client with a bleeding peptic ulcer will not experience hypertension or bradycardia. The client's abdomen with a peptic ulcer bleed will not be soft, but rigid.
A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention:
alcohol abuse and smoking. Explanation: The nurse should mention that risk factors for peptic (gastric and duodenal) ulcers include alcohol abuse, smoking, and stress. A sedentary lifestyle and a history of hemorrhoids aren't risk factors for peptic ulcers. Chronic renal failure, not acute renal failure, is associated with duodenal ulcers.
The nurse is cautiously assessing a client admitted with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse is aware that which complications occur in 20% to 30% of clients with this diagnosis?
hemorrhage or perforation Explanation: Hemorrhage and peformation are the most common complications, occuring in 20% to 30% of clients with peptic ulcers. Bleeding may be manifested by hematemesis or melena. Perforation is erosion of the ulcer through the gastric serosa into the peritoneal cavity without warning. An intractable ulcer refers to one that is hard to treat, relieve, or cure. Pyloric obstruction, also called gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), occurs when the area distal to the pyloric sphincter becomes scarred (mechanical obstruction) and stenosed from spasm or edema or from scar tissue that forms when an ulcer alternately heals and breaks down. Pyrosis refers to heartburn, a common symptom associated with peptic ulcers.
Peptic ulcer disease occurs more frequently in people with which blood type?
o
