MTTC 103

During world language instruction, which of the following student activities would best incorporate opportunities for students to negotiate meaning? a. reading a text and underlining any words that are unfamiliar b. playing a game in which a word must be guessed by use of circumlocution c. filling out a worksheet of questions that require the use of a dictionary d. writing a short story based on a sequential set of illustrations from a picture book

B. playing a game in which a word must be guessed by use of circumlocution

Future Ms. Hill!

A. Yes, future Ms. Hill coming' at ya!

rational number

A number that can be written as a fraction

Which of the following characteristics of literacy development best illustrates the relationship between speaking and writing? a. printing the letters of the alphabet b. overgeneralizing regular verb tense endings c. using phonetic spelling d. recognizing examples of environmental print

C. using phonetic spelling

Which of the following sentences would be most appropriate to include in a formal letter? a. I really haven't got all that much experience, but I'm a fast learner so that's not a problem. b. Although I have limited work experience, I learn new skills quickly and apply them effectively. c. While I am a mere novice in the workplace, I have fought and won many academic battles. d. This job just sounds so amazing, and I'd love to try it even though I don't have any experience.

b. Although I have limited work experience, I learn new skills quickly and apply them effectively.

A voter educates herself about the various candidates running for mayor of her town, and casts a vote for the candidate she believes will make the best decisions about issues of importance to her. This scenario most clearly illustrates which of the following principles of constitutional democracy in the United States? a. limited government b. rule of law c. representative government d. checks and balances

c. representative government

Which of the following words would be most appropriate to teach as a sight word to fifth-grade students? a. teacher b. understand c. scientist d. explain

c. scientist

A kindergarten teacher regularly reads aloud "big books" to her students. As she reads she points to each word, and during successive readings she encourages students to join in the reading as she points. Which of the following emergent literacy skills is this activity most likely to promote? a. awareness of consonant and vowel phonemes b. understanding of the relationship of speech to print c. recognition of basic phonics and spelling patterns d. knowledge of variations in letter-sound relationships

b. understanding of the relationship of speech to print

During textbook reading, a sixth-grade teacher instructs students to carefully read the first and last sentence in each paragraph and to notice bold print and graphics. By engaging students in this activity, the teacher is applying which of the following strategies for promoting comprehension of expository texts? a. making inferences based on evidence presented in a text b. distinguishing fact from opinion in a text c. determining the importance of information presented in a text d. identifying structural elements in a text

c. determining the importance of information presented in a text

Read the excerpt below from a speech by an elementary school principal to a large group of students; then answer the question that follows. I'd like to extend a warm welcome to everyone on the first day of the school year. This year promises to be a truly amazing year, because as you all know, school is cool and our school is the coolest. This year we've got a whole new group of awesome first graders. How cool are they? Let's have a big round of applause for all of our awesome students! In this speech, the principal's use of slang and idiomatic language serves primarily to: a. appeal to the audience's emotions. b. establish the speaker's authority. c. establish rapport with the audience. d. demonstrate the speaker's knowledge.

c. establish rapport with the audience.

Which of the following words would be most appropriate to include in phonics instruction designed to promote beginning readers' ability to decode regular CVCe words? a. done b. give c. make d. were

c. make

Integers are a subset of which of the following sets of numbers? a. negative numbers b. natural numbers c. rational numbers d. irrational numbers

c. rational numbers

. If the least common denominator is used to perform the operation , what will be the value of the numerator for the equivalent representation of ? 2a 5a 6a 15a

b.

A person buys an item that costs $3.60 and pays for it with a $5.00 bill. The amount of change, in dollars, represents a number from which of the following sets? a. natural numbers b. rational numbers c. whole numbers d. nonnegative integers

b.

A second-grade teacher would like students to apply the concept of harmony during a music lesson. Which of the following activities would be most appropriate for this purpose? a. listening to a major scale b. playing a rhythm on percussion instruments c. singing a round in groups d. moving fast and slowly to musical recordings

c. singing a round in groups

Use the problem and solution below to answer the question that follows. Problem: Show that x + x = 2x. Solution: Use the distributive property to factor an x from the expression shown below. x + x = xtimes (1 + 1) We know that 1 + 1 = 2. Therefore, x + x = xtimes (1 + 1) = xtimes (2), which is the same as 2x by the commutative property. The solution provided can best be described as: a. an axiom. b. a proof. c. a postulate. d. a definition.

b.

A sixth-grade teacher asks the following question during a class discussion of an informational text the class is reading together: "According to the author, why are kelp forests found at different latitudes on the western and eastern coasts of a continent?" This question prompts students to apply which of the following levels of reading comprehension? a. literal b. inferential c. critical d. evaluative

a. literal

A fifth-grade teacher would like to provide students with opportunities to share ideas while developing independence during the writing process. Which of the following student activities would be most appropriate for this purpose? a. peer reviewing b. keeping vocabulary journals c. guided writing d. creating graphic organizers

a. peer reviewing

As part of a geography lesson, students in a fourth-grade class are studying how climate influences what crops are cultivated in different regions of the United States. The teacher could best modify this lesson to promote student understanding of economics by introducing which of the following concepts? a. specialization and interdependence b. capital and labor resources c. economies of scale and the law of supply d. scarcity and opportunity cost

a. specialization and interdependence

When state legislatures pass laws to establish public schools, construct highways, and provide safe drinking water, they are carrying out which of the following purposes of government? a. to promote the general welfare b. to maintain social order c. to secure the blessings of liberty d. to insure domestic tranquility

a. to promote the general welfare

Over the past hundred years, human beings have been able to purchase inexpensive manufactured goods in much larger quantities than was possible in earlier times. Which of the following statements best describes the main reason for this development? a. Laws have been passed to regulate international trade and encourage investment in national economies. b. The energy stored in fossil fuels like coal and oil has been used to do more work than humans and animals had been able to do on their own. c. The creation of department stores and shopping malls has provided a way for people to purchase many different products in one location. d. Increased educational opportunities have made it possible for more people to accumulate wealth.

b. The energy stored in fossil fuels like coal and oil has been used to do more work than humans and animals had been able to do on their own.

A city resident is developing a speech to be delivered to a local civic organization. In the speech, she hopes to persuade those present to support a city sales tax. Which of the following communication skills would be most important for the speaker to utilize to achieve her goal? a. blending statistical facts with anecdotal evidence b. addressing the values and concerns of the audience c. supporting her speech with a variety of graphics d. explaining the specialized vocabulary related to taxation

b. addressing the values and concerns of the audience

Which of the following elements is essential to a performance of live theatre? a. a script b. an audience and actors c. a director d. stage and scenery

b. an audience and actors

A family must decide how to spend a sum of money they have available. After the family members discuss the various options, they come to a decision that is acceptable to all of them. This example best illustrates which of the following decision-making models? a. autonomic decision making b. consensual decision making c. de facto decision making d. goal-driven decision making

b. consensual decision making

The federal government and state governments in the United States exercise which of the following concurrent powers? a. determining voter qualifications b. establishing courts c. ratifying amendments to the U.S. Constitution d. conducting elections

b. establishing courts

A fourth-grade teacher wants to help students build their knowledge of content-specific vocabulary words to support their comprehension of grade-level science and social studies texts. Which of the following strategies would be most effective for this purpose? a. having students select correct words from a given text to complete sentences in fill-in-the-blank exercises b. guiding students in creating a graphic organizer to visually represent relationships between the key words in a given text c. instructing students to stop and write down unfamiliar words in a personal word bank as they encounter them in a given text d. providing vocabulary lists that include definitions of key words from given texts as a home study aid for students

b. guiding students in creating a graphic organizer to visually represent relationships between the key words in a given text

At the beginning of the school year, a kindergarten teacher talks informally with students' families about the kinds of prior experiences their children have had, especially those related to learning and literacy. The teacher uses this information to help plan dramatic play and literacy centers that reflect familiar settings, tasks, and experiences. These actions most clearly demonstrate the teacher's awareness of the: a. integrated nature of reading, writing, listening, and speaking. b. interconnections between language, literacy, and culture. c. relationship between oral language development and reading achievement. d. links between vocabulary development and reading in the home.

b. interconnections between language, literacy, and culture.

Which of the following techniques is typically used by a playwright to give a play a sense of tension? a. dividing the play into multiple acts b. introducing a conflict between two or more characters c. having characters speak directly to the audience d. providing background information during the play's first scene

b. introducing a conflict between two or more characters

A fifth-grade teacher would like to enhance students' understanding of how the construction of the transcontinental railroad affected patterns of human settlement in the trans-Mississippi West. Which of the following activities using instructional materials would be most effective for the teacher to use for this purpose? a. having students read a novel about life in a town established along a major western rail line b. providing maps that show population density in the western United States in 1860 and 1890 c. showing a film that examines major events in the building of the transcontinental railroad d. distributing graphs that show the ethnic composition of western settlers during the period

b. providing maps that show population density in the western United States in 1860 and 1890

Development of which of the following skills would best enable students to participate constructively in the policy-making process? a. anticipating opponents' counterarguments b. recognizing trade-offs and consequences c. synthesizing information from diverse sources e. analyzing the logical structure of an argument

b. recognizing trade-offs and consequences

Which of the following steps would the Federal Reserve most likely take during a period of high unemployment when prices are relatively stable? a. increasing the margin requirements on stock purchases b. reducing the discount rate on loans to banks c. requiring banks to increase the percentage of deposits held in reserve d. reducing the amount of paper currency in circulation

b. reducing the discount rate on loans to banks

A third-grade teacher plans to assess students' active listening skills by observing small-group discussions and using a checklist to record observations. Which of the following criteria would be most appropriate to include on the checklist? a. speaking at least 25 percent of the time b. rephrasing a speaker's statement before responding c. nodding and smiling during the discussion d. waiting to speak until other students take their turn

b. rephrasing a speaker's statement before responding

A fifth-grade student who is having difficulty reading the word instinctively in a science text would be best advised to apply which of the following skills? a. word recognition b. structural analysis c. syllabication d. phonic analysis

b. structural analysis

A geographer would most likely use a remote sensing technology for which of the following purposes? a. to develop soil conservation plans b. to study climate variability c. to monitor the spread of a disease d. to create equal-area maps

b. to study climate variability

Read the excerpt below from an expository text; then answer the question that follows. Remember the fun you had with your favorite toys and games while growing up? Toymakers are hoping you do, and they are hoping that you are sharing the experience with your children. Toy companies have long used nostalgia to lure adults back to their childhood favorites while updating those same toys to attract a new generation of children. Colorforms, created by a husband and wife in their New York apartment in 1951, turns 60 this year, and University Games is using the occasion to remind parents of a popular childhood toy and to entice them to buy one for their children. And Mattel is commemorating the 40th anniversary of Uno with a yearlong marketing campaign to promote the family card game. This excerpt is most characteristic of which of the following types of expository text? a. textbook chapter b. newspaper article c.. research report d. encyclopedia entry

b.. newspaper article

A student's work sample is shown below. 2/ 3 2 x 3/ 4 = /3 + 3/4 + 2 = 2/ 3 x 4 / 4 + 3 / 4 x 3/3 = 8/12 + 9/ 12 = 17/ 12 + 2 = 1 5/ 12 + 2 = 3 5/ 12 Which of the following statements best evaluates the student's work? a. The student found the common denominator incorrectly. b. The student converted the mixed numeral incorrectly. c. The student used the equal sign incorrectly. d. The student used the order of operations incorrectly.

c.

In which of the following pairs are the numbers equivalent? a. 106.0 × 10 to the power of 4 and 1,060.0 b. 8.63 × 10 to the power of negative 5 and 0.00863 c.5.72 × 10 to the power of 5 and 572,000.0 d. 0.3374 × 10 to the power of negative 4 and 0.0003374

c.

Which of the following oral responses most clearly indicates that critical listening has occurred? a. "Are donations to your organization tax-deductible?" b. "How many people have donated money to your organization?" c. "How does your organization use private donations?" d. "I can't donate money to your organization, but I can donate my time."

c. "How does your organization use private donations?"

Which of the following statements is most likely taken from a primary source? a. In addition to picking up a return cargo, the ship laid in ample stores of food, rum, and water before beginning the long voyage home. b. Although nothing to write home about, food rations on a typical eighteenth-century ship were generally sufficient to keep mariners alive. c. My chief mate informed me this morning that our supplies of salt pork and fresh water were unlikely to last as long as planned. d. Malnutrition was a serious health risk for sailors, who often went for months without any fresh fruits or vegetables.

c. My chief mate informed me this morning that our supplies of salt pork and fresh water were unlikely to last as long as planned.

The information below best describes major characteristics of which of the following world regions? • The region is bounded by deserts, mountains, and the ocean. • The region has 3 percent of the world's land area and 23 percent of the world's population. • Major religions of the region include Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. a. North Africa b. sub-Saharan Africa c. South Asia d. Southeast Asia

c. South Asia

A television commercial for a breakfast cereal features several adults in their twenties and thirties who cheerfully consume a bowl of the cereal before bicycling, jogging, and hiking to the accompaniment of upbeat, fast-paced music. Which of the following messages is the commercial most likely intended to convey? a. The cereal helps promote weight loss. b. Busy professionals save time by eating the cereal. c. The cereal is a good source of energy. d. Adults will feel like children when they eat the cereal.

c. The cereal is a good source of energy.

A teacher is designing a sequence of instruction for teaching letter recognition skills to emergent readers. Which of the following sets of letters would be most appropriate for a teacher to include in the first lessons? a. c, o, w, x, y, z b. I, L, T, H, E, F c. a, m, t, s, f, d d. A, a, B, b, C, c

c. a, m, t, s, f, d

A student makes notes related to a topic without consideration for paragraph structure or logical development of ideas. The student is most likely engaged in which of the following steps of the writing process? a. revising b. drafting c. brainstorming d. editing

c. brainstorming

As a regular component of whole-group mathematics instruction, a fifth-grade teacher guides students in closely reading key pages from the grade-level textbook. Afterward, in addition to guiding students in applying the new material presented in the text to sample exercises, the teacher also helps the students summarize the text's main ideas orally. Finally, students draft their own written summaries of the new concepts, processes, and/or terminology in their mathematics journals. This approach to content-area instruction promotes students' school achievement primarily in which of the following ways? a. by providing a print-rich environment in which students at all skill levels participate in differentiated literacy activities b. by using nonverbal, concrete experiences to scaffold students' comprehension and vocabulary development c. by promoting students' development of skill in using listening, speaking, reading, and writing for academic purposes d. by motivating students to select a variety of informational and other nonfiction texts for independent reading

c. by promoting students' development of skill in using listening, speaking, reading, and writing for academic purposes

Which of the following themes is frequently explored in the works of Julia Alvarez, Mildred Taylor, and Laurence Yep? a. the excitement of exploring other galaxies b. the yearning to live in harmony with nature c. the determination to overcome social injustice d. the challenge of confronting personal setbacks

c. the determination to overcome social injustice

A kindergarten teacher regularly leads classroom discussions before beginning a new read-aloud of informational texts. For example, he may conduct a book walk of the pictures, point out some key vocabulary, and then ask students to share what they already know about the subject of the book. This practice most clearly demonstrates the teacher's understanding of which of the following factors that influence emergent readers' construction of meaning? a. the role of setting a purpose and goal prior to reading a text b. the importance of using textual evidence to draw conclusions c. the role of activating background knowledge related to a text d. the importance of determining a text's main idea and details

c. the role of activating background knowledge related to a text

Which of the following historical developments best illustrates how nationalism shaped the formation of governments? a. the establishment of China's Ming dynasty during the fourteenth century b. the rise of parliamentary democracy in England during the seventeenth century c. the unification of Germany during the nineteenth century d. the creation of an Islamic government in Iran during the twentieth century

c. the unification of Germany during the nineteenth century

Which of the following lists of words would be most appropriate for a fourth-grade teacher to use as example words in a lesson designed to reinforce students' structural analysis skills? a. separate, threaten, hurdle, appreciate b. loyal, exhaustion, prevention, experiment c. undeniable, regroup, pregame, submarine d . auditorium, disappointment, magnify, always

c. undeniable, regroup, pregame, submarine

The construction of the Mackinac Bridge is considered a significant episode in Michigan's history primarily because it: a. encouraged the expansion of the steel mining industry in Michigan. b. helped bolster Michigan's economy by providing jobs during the Great Depression. c. unified Michigan by allowing easy transportation between the Upper and Lower Peninsulas. d.. provided a crucial transportation route between Michigan and Canada.

c. unified Michigan by allowing easy transportation between the Upper and Lower Peninsulas.

A kindergarten teacher wants to involve all families in helping students develop oral language skills that support literacy development. Which of the following teacher recommendations to families is likely to be most effective in addressing this goal? a. "Take your children to arts and cultural community events such as concerts and festivals." b. "Visit the local public library regularly with your child to borrow children's books such as picture books and easy readers." "c. Spend time with your children playing active games such as hopscotch and jump rope." d. "Talk with your children while working together when preparing meals and doing other daily activities."

d. "Talk with your children while working together when preparing meals and doing other daily activities."

Which of the following scenarios would provide the best evidence that a kindergarten student is progressing according to typical stages of literacy development? a. Now the student provides detailed drawings to accompany his written symbols, whereas he never illustrated his writings at the beginning of the school year. b. At the beginning of the school year, the student often incorporated words into his writings that he had copied from environmental print, but now he only uses his own original symbols. c. Now the student knows that he is not writing real words, whereas at the beginning of the school year he would point to clusters of letters and call them words. d. At the beginning of the school year, the student told a different story each time he reread his writings, but now he follows the letters with his finger and uses similar words when rereading.

d. At the beginning of the school year, the student told a different story each time he reread his writings, but now he follows the letters with his finger and uses similar words when rereading.

Read the passage below; then answer the question that follows. In a 1963 address, Lyndon Johnson asked Americans to join him in a "war on poverty." From the outset, Johnson's call to arms met considerable skepticism. One Gallup poll found that 83 percent of respondents doubted that poverty could actually be abolished. But these were peak years of what publisher Henry Luce called the "American Century," a time when people felt good about themselves and were willing to try anything. Johnson sensed this, and it was all the encouragement he needed. Which of the following sentences from the passage expresses a historical interpretation rather than states a historical fact? a. In a 1963 address, Lyndon Johnson asked Americans to join him in a "war on poverty." b. From the outset, Johnson's call to arms met considerable skepticism. c. One Gallup poll found that 83 percent of respondents doubted that poverty could actually be abolished. d. But these were peak years of what publisher Henry Luce called the "American Century," a time when people felt good about themselves and were willing to try anything.

d. But these were peak years of what publisher Henry Luce called the "American Century," a time when people felt good about themselves and were willing to try anything.

A fifth-grade teacher wants to find out how well her students have understood a geography unit about how push and pull factors influence migration. Which of the following projects could she assign in order to best assess the students' understanding? a. Students conduct a mock debate about immigration issues, using appropriate parliamentary procedure and backing up their arguments with research. b. Each student interviews someone from the local community who has recently moved to Michigan, focusing on how Michigan differs from that person's previous home. c. Students produce a map of the United States that shows major migration routes taken by settlers and pioneers during the nineteenth century. d. Each student writes a letter from the perspective of someone moving to Michigan during a historical period of the student's choice, explaining why he or she is moving.

d. Each student writes a letter from the perspective of someone moving to Michigan during a historical period of the student's choice, explaining why he or she is moving.

According to the standard conventions of English in the United States, which of the following sentences contains an error in usage? a. I don't know whose notebook is on the table over there. b. Sometimes we see our teacher at the public library downtown. c. We are all ready to leave for the field trip, but the bus isn't here yet. d. I would of gone to the movies, but I had too much homework to do.

d. I would of gone to the movie, but I have too much homework to do.

An English Language Learner in a fourth-grade class can read fluently in a language that is written using a nonalphabetic script. Which of the following concepts is likely to be most difficult for this student to grasp when learning to read in English? a. A series of letters represents a word. b. Print symbolizes spoken language. c. A sentence is composed of a sequence of words. d. Letters correspond to phonemes.

d. Letters correspond to phonemes

As a first-grade teacher reads a story aloud to students, she periodically pauses to ask the class questions such as "How do you think the character is feeling now?" or "What do you think will happen next?" This instructional strategy is most likely intended to promote students': a. motivation to read independently. b. appreciation for the written word. c. interest in writing original stories. d. active construction of meaning.

d. active construction of meaning

What best describes you: a. smart b. kind c. worthy d. all the above

d. all the above

Which of the following elements of the Bill of Rights can best be used to illustrate the idea that personal liberties should be exercised in a responsible manner that recognizes the rights of others? a. the protection against excessive punishments b. due process of law c. the protection against unreasonable searches and seizures d. freedom of speech and assembly

d. freedom of speech and assembly

City planners are considering three possible sites for the location of a water treatment plant. They have received petitions protesting the selection of all three sites. The planners can best ensure that all sides receive full consideration of their views by: a. preparing lists of pros and cons based on information presented in the petitions. b. examining similar policy decisions made by planners in other cities. c. reviewing editorials and letters concerning the project published in local newspapers. d. inviting interested and informed individuals to speak at a public hearing.

d. inviting interested and informed individuals to speak at a public hearing.

A second-grade teacher would like to improve students' ability to read narrative texts with appropriate expression. Which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in addressing this goal? a. asking students to try to read a short story silently in a specified amount of time b. engaging students in a round-robin reading of a short story c. having students read and then rewrite a short story in the form of a song or poem d. leading students in an echo reading of a short story

d. leading students in an echo reading of a short story

Which of the following teacher strategies would most effectively help students avoid plagiarism when developing and presenting research projects? a. prohibiting the use of Internet sources for research projects b. requiring students to submit hard copies of source material c. distributing copies of the school policy on academic dishonesty d. modeling how to properly paraphrase, quote, and cite sources

d. modeling how to properly paraphrase, quote, and cite sources

An economist would likely find bibliographies and periodical indices useful for which of the following research tasks? a. assessing economics information b. creating a research design c. constructing an organizational framework d. obtaining economics information

d. obtaining economics information

Which of the following teacher actions during a read-aloud of a "big book" is likely to be most effective in supporting kindergartners' vocabulary development? a. reading dramatically using exaggerated intonation and placing extra emphasis on key words in the text b. running a pointer under the text while reading and pausing to have students repeat key words from the text several times chorally c. writing a list of key words from the text on the board and referring students to the list as each word appears during the reading d. pausing regularly to elaborate on the content of a passage and to question students about key words in the text

d. pausing regularly to elaborate on the content of a passage and to question students about key words in the text

Which of the following statistical indices provides the best general comparative measure of the extent to which human activities have altered the physical environment of different regions? a. balance of trade b. distribution of income by income levels c. gross national product d. per capita energy consumption

d. per capita energy consumption

Which of the following activities is most effective for creating a foundation for understanding the concept of multiplication? a. practicing basic addition facts with numbers 1 through 10 b. using base-ten blocks to model two-digit numbers c. modeling equality of numbers with a balance scale d. skip counting by different intervals on a number line

d. skip counting by different intervals on a number line

A second-grade teacher notices that several students regularly place adjectives after nouns in their writing and speaking. These students most likely require explicit instruction related to which of the following English language systems? a. phonological b. semantic c. syntactic d. pragmatic

d. syntactic

Which of the following factors is the main cause of global economic interdependence? a. growing world concern about the provision of energy sources b. the decolonization of most parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America c. increased population movement among countries d. the international reduction of barriers to trade and investment

d. the international reduction of barriers to trade and investment

Which of the following events or developments had the greatest impact on economic growth in the Midwest region of the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century? a. the Louisiana Purchase b. the construction of the National Road c. the War of 1812 d. the opening of the Erie Canal

d. the opening of the Erie Canal

A student is preparing to give a speech to a large group of peers at a school assembly. When rehearsing the speech, the student notices that several words are repeated unnecessarily throughout the speech. Which of the following tools would be most helpful for the student to use when revising the speech? a. spell-checker b. dictionary c. word processor d. thesaurus

d. thesaurus

As part of an informal reading assessment, a teacher asks a first-grade student to read a grade-level passage aloud. As the student reads, the teacher marks the student's errors on a copy of the passage, indicating errors of substitution, insertion, omission, and reversal. The teacher also notes any repetitions or self-corrections. This assessment is likely to provide the most useful information about the student's skills in which of the following areas of reading development? a. reading comprehension b. vocabulary knowledge c. phonemic awareness d. word recognition

d. word recognition

hello

hello

Developing a timeline of events would likely be the most appropriate strategy for upper-elementary students to use independently to promote their comprehension of which of the following types of text? a. science textbook chapter b. newspaper feature article c. instructional manual d. mystery novel

mystery novel