MUA EXAM 1

What is shown in the image of notating meter? 4/4

A time signature

What are the three basic musical textures?

Polyphonic Homophonic Monophonic

When a melody moves from one tone to the one next to it, it is said to move by what?

Step

What is the structure of a minor scale?

Seven different tones and an eighth tone that duplicates the first

Select all the categories of instruments that are commonly found in both orchestras and marching bands.

Brass Percussion

A combination of tones that feels unstable and demands onward motion toward a stable chord is described as being what?

Dissonant

What is the simultaneous sounding of three or more tones, or pitches, called?

Chord

True or false: The beat in music is always clearly emphasized and strongly felt.

False

What are two methods to add rhythmic variety to music?

A dotted note A triplet

Select all the following that help us develop awareness and understanding of the form of a piece of music from its various parts.

Perceiving how the parts produce a sense of shape and structure Repeated listening to recall the parts Memory of the parts and how they relate to each other

True or false: Before the twentieth century, a basic principle of music composition was that a composition would begin in the home, or tonic key, and would end in a different key.

False

What is the polyphonic texture when a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then is restated immediately by another voice or instrument?

Imitation

What is the function of a key signature?

It indicates the key of a piece of music.

What term is used to refer to the organization of beats into regular groups of strong and weak ones?

Meter

What is the musical texture of a single melodic line without accompaniment?

Monophonic

True or false: As in this Chopin piece, dissonant harmonies can add tension and a sense of longing and melancholy to the music.

True

In general, what is true about the frequency at which an object vibrates?

The faster the vibrations, the higher the pitch

Select all the primary differences between a major scale and a minor scale

The half step in a minor scale is between the second and third tones. The pattern of intervals is different.

A piece of music changes key 4 times, how many main keys does the piece usually have?

1

Which six categories or classifications of instruments are used in Western (European) music?

Brass Woodwind Percussion Keyboard Electronic String

In harmony, a combination of tones that is stable and whose sound has a sense of arrival, or resolution, is referred to as which of the following?

Consonance

What is the term describing the regular, recurrent pulse that is subdivided and organized to create rhythms and metrical configurations?

Beat

How are the basic pitches of a piece of music arranged in a scale?

From low to high

Select all the types of emotions that composers have invoked by using the chromatic scale.

Grief Sorrow Loss

What term refers to simultaneous tones in music that add support and richness to a melody?

Harmony

A hymn usually has what kind of texture?

Homophonic

What texture describes a main melody accompanied by chords?

Homophonic

In a musical composition in the key of F, what role does the note F have in that key?

It is the note that typically ends the piece of music.

What which element is the do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do scale associated?

Key

On which musical element is the attention focused in a homophonic texture?

Melody

When there is only one melody with no accompaniment, what is the texture?

Monophonic

Select all the characteristics of key or tonality.

Pieces of music often end on the tonic chord. Familiar melodies generally end with the tonic chord. The keynote is the root of the tonic triad.

Select all the following statements about pitch that are true.

Pitch is related to how fast something vibrates. In general, plucking longer strings plays a lower-pitch sound than plucking shorter strings

When a note is emphasized more than others, usually by being played louder, it is called a(n) ______.

accent

In creating musical form, ______ provides variety.

contrast

True or false: In western music, changing key is a way to strengthen listener interest in longer musical selections.

True

True or false: Sound is created when an object vibrates.

True

Which type of rest is shown in the image?

quarter rest

A short, detached style of playing or singing a melody is called ______.

staccato

A characteristic way of using melody, rhythm, tone color, dynamics, and other musical elements to produce a total sound that is distinctive or unique is called ______.

style

What is the loudness and softness of music related to specifically?

Amplitude of the vibration that produces the sound

Place the following steps in order describing how sound is created and heard, with the first step at the top.

1. An object, such as string, is made to vibrate 2. Vibrations are transmitted through the air to our ears 3. The eardrums vibrate and signals are carried to the brain 4. Signals are interpreted in the brain as sound

Place the parts of ternary form (ABA) in the correct order, with the first part at the top.

1. Statement 2. Contrast 3. Return

In the chromatic scale, how many tones make up an octave?

12

Select all the following that are present in a key.

A central tone A central scale A chord

What is the type of scale that uses the twelve tones of the octave called?

A chromatic scale

Which of the following is a group of a fixed number of beats?

A measure

Select all the ways in which the beat in a piece of music can be defined.

As a loud, powerful pulse As a subtle pulse As a regular pulse

Select all the terms that are suitable for referring to tone color.

Dark Brilliant Rich

Which type of chord is built on the fifth note of the scale?

Dominant

What is the name for the various levels of loudness and softness in music?

Dynamics

Select all the choices that are often produced by variation in tone color.

Expressive effects Emotional impact

Select all the elements that can form part of the key signature.

Flats Sharps

Which type of scale contains both whole steps and half steps, with a half step between the second and third tones? (Remember that the whole and half steps are BETWEEN tones.)

Minor

Select all basic scales of western music from the late 1600s to 1900.

Minor Major

Select all the correct statements about modulation.

Modulation usually changes the central tone. Modulation is the shifting from one key to another key.

What are functions of modulation in music? (Select all that apply.)

Provide contrast Create variety

Beat, meter, accent, tempo, and syncopation are interrelated aspects of what musical element?

Rhythm

Eighth note, quarter note, and half note are all used to notate what aspect of music?

Rhythm

In music, what is the flow of patterns through time called?

Rhythm

Modern-day symphony orchestras include which four groups of instruments?

Strings Brass Percussion Woodwinds

Select all the characteristics of homophony.

Subordinate tones that add interest One main melody

What is the unexpected accent of an offbeat note or a normally weak beat called?

Syncopation

Accelerando (accel.) and ritardando (rit.) are Italian terms and abbreviations in music indicating a gradual change in which of the following?

Tempo

What do the Italian terms largo, moderato, allegro, and presto indicate in music?

Tempo

Select all the voice types that are typically male voices.

Tenor Bass Baritone

Which of the following statements is true concerning the use of the chromatic scale?

The chromatic scale has been used as the basis for entire compositions

Select all the elements that can be present in polyphonic or contrapuntal music.

The inclusion of imitation Melodies that are woven together Two or more combined melodies

What is the term for the collection of sharps or flats placed at the beginning of the piece of music?

The key signature

What is form in music?

The organization of musical elements in time

Select all the following that are elements that interact in a musical composition to produce a sense of shape and structure.

Tone color Texture Pitch Rhythm

What is the quality of sound that distinguishes different voices and instruments from each other called?

Tone color, or timbre

No matter how often a work changes key, what is its main (home) key called?

Tonic key

What is a chord made up of the three notes root, third, and fifth (do, mi, sol) called?

Triad

What is the term for several voices or instruments singing or playing the same melody, adding richness to a monophonic texture?

Unison

In general, how does the voice in singing differ from speaking? (Select all the answers that apply.)

Vowel sounds are often held for longer durations when singing. Singing typically uses a wider range of pitches than speaking. Singing typically uses a wider range of expressive dynamics than speaking.

When is a measure in duple meter?

When it has 2 beats

The ______ clef is used to indicate notation that is relatively low in pitch.

bass