MUL 150 Exam #2

An African American artist. Had 36, Top 40 hits. He had music covered by more artist with the exception of Elvis.

Fats Domino

Music that was the voice of the Civil Rights movement

Folk Music

Bob Dylan's attempt to morph the musical potential of Rock n' Roll with the meaningful lyrics of folk music.

Folk Rock

An Italian American actor, singer, and former teen idol. He often acted in movies, and played the Teen Angel in the movie musical Grease.

Frankie Avalon

The "Fifth" Beatle A producer, composer, conductor well trained musician, expressed interest in the Beatles.

George Martin

Mercury recording artist who did a clean cover of Etta James' "Wallflower"

Georgie Gibbs

Doo Wop singing style was influenced by ______________

Gospel, Jazz, Blues and Pop

A Caribbean American singer named the "King of Calypso" for popularizing the Caribbean musical style with an American audience in the 1950s.

Harry Belafonte

The famous calypso singer ______________ took out the sexual innuendo and political content out of the lyrics of songs. Yet he himself was a civil rights activist.

Harry Belafonte

What record label was Elvis with (after Sun)?

RCA

Who made Elvis a movie star?

RCA

The "Father of Soul" Contributed to the racial integration of country and pop music during the 1960s.

Ray Charles

The most important artist in the genesis of Soul was ______________

Ray Charles

It is generally believed that the Rock n' Roll music up to the 1960s was associated with ______________

Rebelliousness without a cause

The man who discovered Little Richard

"Bumps" Blackwell

An American DJ who internationally known for promoting the mix of blues, country and rhythm and blues music on the radio in both the U.S. and Europe. Got screwed in the Payola Scandal

Alan Freed

Historians believe that American Rock n' Roll in the 60s ______________ and that opened the door for the British invasion.

Lost its momentum

Attempt by the Rolling Stones to recreate Woodstock on the west coast. Failure.

Altamont

Dick Clark of the ______________ was a TV personality. He used his show as a promotional vehicle for mostly ______________

American Band Stand, white performers

What were characteristics of folk music?

Acoustic, singer/guitar player. Known for lyrics advocating for social change/movements

All of the Motown artists were ______________

African American

A popular music TV show popular in the 1950s went on until 1989. Mostly white artists were promoted on this show.

American Bandstand

When did Doo Wop become popular?

1950s, early 1960s

In what year did the Rolling Stones find their success in America?

1966

When did the Beatles stop performing shows?

1966

When did the Beatles record Sgt. Peppers? And how long did it take?

1967, 700 hours

How many skiffle bands were there in Liverpool?

200

Between 1954 and 1959 the sale by the independent record labels went from ____ % to ____% of the market.

21 to 66

What was "the day the music died?"

A plane crash claiming the lives of Ritchie Valens and other famous musicians

The "Lady of Soul"

Aretha Franklin

There was a controversy between two groups Pete Seeger and Woody Guthrie on one side, and The Kingston Trio and Peter, Paul and Mary on the other. What was it about?

Authentic vs. Commercial folk music

American boy band. They performed original surf songs that gained international popularity for lyrics describing California youth culture of surfing, cars, and romance.

Beach Boys

Founder of Motown. Developed artists/groups like the Supremes, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, the Jackson 5, etc.

Berry Gordy

A simplistic and somewhat controversial formula to describe cross-cultural influences in emergence of Rock n' Roll. ______________

R&B + Country Western = Rock n' Roll

One of the first artists to become famous while combining country western and R&B. Didn't "fit the image" of rock n' roll. He wasn't young or young looking

Bill Haley

In 1953, the year Eisenhower was elected president, the majority of the best selling records of popular music could be described as ______________

Bland

An African American R&B and Chicago Blues vocalist and guitarist who introduced African rhythms into popular music.

Bo Diddley

Musician who challenged the theory between authentic and commercial folk music. He created Folk Rock

Bob Dylan

What folk artist succeeded in bridging the gap between folk and Rock n' Roll?

Bob Dylan

The Beatles' manager. He heard the Beatles and saw the potential in them after people came into his record store asking for their music.

Brian Epstein

The song "Good Vibrations" by The Beach Boys was written by ______________

Brian Wilson

The ______________ in New York was often described as the new ______________ of Rock n' Roll.

Brill Building, Tin Pan Alley

What record label was Johnny Ray with?

Columbia

An album with one idea unifying all the songs

Concept Album

A style of Afro Caribbean music which was intentionally popularized in America with clean lyrics and appropriate subject matter in the 1950's by major record labels. Although popular with the older generation, it could not surpass rock and roll as was intended.

Calypso

An American composer and singer songwriter who worked in The Brill Building and wrote over two dozen chart hits for many artists.

Carole King

Where was Vee Jay Records located?

Chicago

The "King of Twist". Widely known for popularizing The Twist dance fad.

Chubby Checker

An African American guitarist, singer and songwriter who refined and developed rhythm and blues into the major elements that made rock and roll distinctive, with lyrics focusing on teen life and consumerism. Famous for the Duck Walk

Chuck Berry

The Famous "Duck Walk" was a stage antic invented by ______________

Chuck Berry

The music by The Beach Boys early hit "Surfin' USA" was created by ______________ whom they admired and credited.

Chuck Berry

When a Major label picked up a rock song, they would cover it and clean it up

Clean covers

What was the conflict between conservatives and progressives in regards to Rock n' Roll?

Conservative were afraid Rock n' Roll was undermining "good family values" Progressives saw Rock n' Roll as the new genre as a continuation of integration in society

In the 1950s the US government's foreign policy focused on ______________ of ______________ expansion.

Containment, Communist

MGM's "big star." Started as a country singer.

Conway Twitty

An African American recording engineer and studio owner who was responsible for the production of many R&B and early rock and roll recordings.

Cosimo Matassa

Mentor of Fats Domino, band leader, producer, performer, in charge of a lot of musicians, big shot at J&M Music. "A pioneer of rap"

Dave Bartholomew

What record label was Bill Haley with?

Decca

The establishment of Rock n' Roll in the 1950s was heralded by some as ______________ and decried by others as ______________

Democratization of society, Distraction of Western Civilization

Where was Motown located?

Detriot

DJ and host of American Bandstand. Promoted teen icons.

Dick Clark

A Lebanese American surf rock guitarist, known as "The King of the Surf Guitar". He pioneered the surf music style, drawing on Eastern musical scales and experimenting with reverberation.

Dick Dale

______________ was the first musician who connected surfing culture to music. His music showed ______________ influence.

Dick Dale, Middle Eastern

Bill Haley's version of Shake, Rattle and Roll was a ______________ version of Shake, Rattle and Roll originally performed by Joe Turner. The lyrics moved the action from the ______________ to the ______________

Doctored, bedroom, kitchen

Known as the "man with the golden ear" during his time in the Brill Building. Talent manager, publisher/owner.

Don Kirschner

Derived from gospel, adapted from gospel jazz and pop. Developed in African American communities in the 1940s.

Doo Wop

"The King" or "The King of Rock n' Roll". Did a cover of Little Richard's Tutti Frutti

Elvis Presley

At the beginning of his career ______________ recorded for Sun Records in ______________ ran by Sam Phillips

Elvis Presley, Memphis

Rock n' Roll groups such as The Animals and The Byrds mined Bob Dylan's music for their albums. Bob Dylan ______________

Enthusiastically welcomed this trend

Wrote/performed "Wallflower" which said "Roll with me"

Etta James

An Italian American actor, singer, and teen idol. He was chosen by record labels because of his good looks, but was not a particularly good singer or performer. Despite this, he was still hugely popular among teenagers.

Fabian

One of the famous teen schlock rockers who allegedly could not sing very well was ______________

Fabian

Flower Power was a slogan equivalent for ______________ as Black Power was to ______________

Hippies, Black Panthers

Music factory with iron division, great work ethic, Great humanity and respect for white and black musicians,

Hitsville USA

______________ in Detroit was run by ______________ and created and promoted Motown stars

Hitsville USA, Berry Gordy

What famous song was written by the Animals?

House of the Rising Sun

Most of the Doo Wop groups were black. Among the white Doo Wop groups ______________ predominanted.

Italian American

What events prompted the Beatles success in the U.S?

JFK assassination Rock n' Roll was losing it's momentum (because Little Richard gave up rock n' roll, Elvis was drafted, Chuck Berry went to jail, Payola scandal with Alan Freed)

A female musician that was influenced by counterculture ideas

Janis Joplin

A counterculture musician, singer and guitarist. Songs ranged from hard rock, to blues, to jazz, and more. True virtuoso and legendary guitarist (played left handed, with teeth, etc.). Performed at Woodstock

Jimi Hendrix

What artist associated with counterculture appeared at the Woodstock festival.

Jimi Hendrix

Which one of the following artists, who was associated with the counterculture, appeared at the Woodstock festival?

Jimi Hendrix

The original "King of Rock & Roll". An American singer, musician, composer, arranger, bandleader, talent scout, disc jockey, record producer, television show host who discovered many famous artists.

Johnny Otis

Signed by Columbia Records. ASCAP banned him because of his song "Such a Night"

Johnny Ray

When did soul music originate in the United States?

Late 1950s, early 1960s.

The folk artist Woody Guthrie was a product of the Depression of the 1930s and lyrics of his songs were associated with ______________

Left wing politics

"Father of Rock n' Roll." Performed Tutti Frutti. Obtained by Specialty Records. The artist who played a pivotal role in the formation of popular music genres and in helping to shatter the color line on the music charts.

Little Richard

Cosimo Matassa was an owner of J&M Studio in New Orleans. The Studio had an in house band headed by Dave Bartholomew. They performed and recorded with many founders of Rock n' Roll. The list includes _____________

Little Richard and Fats Domino

Where was the center of new music in Great Britain?

Liverpool

What record label was Conway Twitty with?

MGM

Elvis Presley was recorded in ______________ and could be considered ______________ style artists.

Memphis, Rockability

What record label were the Comets with?

Mercury

Who wrote the lyrics and who wrote the music for the Rolling Stones?

Mick Jagger wrote lyrics Keith Richards wrote music

John F. Kennedy promised US would launch astronauts into the moon within 10 years and return them safely.

Moon Speech

Black version of the Brill Building. All African American recording artists

Motown

What American record label and musical genre was able to survive, and even thrive through the British invasion?

Motown

Juilliard trained musician. Changed to a composer. Worked with Don Kirschner in the Brill Building

Neil Sedaka

What are the (3) urban centers of Rock n' Roll?

New Orleans, Chicago, Los Angeles

Where was The Brill Building located?

New York City

Bill Haley and his Comets merged __________ with __________ and thus earned a special niche in ______________ history.

R&B, Country and Western (C&W), Rock n' Roll

In 1956 the major labels considered Rock n' Roll a(n) ______________ and looking for alternatives they decided to promote ______________

Passing fad, calypso

The white artist from the 1950s that has done most cover records of black authors was ______________

Pat Boone

Canadian musician, singer, songwriter. Part of the "Brill Building" culture

Paul Anka

Musicians who was mentored by Woody Guthrie. Wrote/performed "We Shall Overcome". Joined the Weavers in the 1950s.

Pete Seeger

Man behind girl groups

Phil Spector

Who was the producer behind girl groups such as The Ronnettes?

Phil Spector

Where was the "home" of teen idols?

Philadelphia

The Beatles used British and American press to make ____________ statements about Motown.

Positive

The lyrics of surf music most often depict ______________, ______________, and ______________

Prosperity, fast cars, women

A Mexican American singer, songwriter and guitarist who was a forefather of the Chicago rock movement. He died in a plane crash 8 months only into his career.

Ritchie Valens

The first Rock n' Roll Latino star was ______________

Ritchie Valens

One of the earliest styles of rock and roll music which blended the sound of musical styles such as country with that of rhythm and blues. R&B with a little country flare.

Rockability

The "King of Soul" An African American singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur. Was tragically shot.

Sam Cooke

An American musician, businessman, record executive, music producer, and DJ who played an important role in the emergence of rockabilly in the 1950s. He discovered and saw the potential in Elvis.

Sam Phillips

In the late 1950s Rock n' Roll was established and the music industry was looking for teen idols. The result of this search was the creation of ______________ rock, a watered down, white bread R&B.

Schlock

A watered down, white bread R&B. Originated in Philadelphia

Schlock Rock

The Rolling Stones cultivated an image that contrasted with that of the Beatles. They often ______________

Scowled at the camera and looked surly

What did ideas did corporate America use to market Rock n' Roll to teens?

Sex and instant gratification

What was the Rock n' Roll song that really outraged a lot of parents/grandparents?

Sixty Minute Man

British Folk influenced by American Rock

Skiffle

In the 1950s, the British combined R&B, Rock n' Roll, and British Folk. The result was ______________

Skiffle

A popular music genre which combines elements of African American gospel music, rhythm and blues and jazz, and was popular for dancing.

Soul Music

Began as a greater harmonica player. Berry Gordy saw his potential as a singer too

Stevie Wonder

An American independent record label founded in Memphis, Tennessee, which attempted to bring rhythm and blues to a larger White audience.

Sun Records

A sub genre of rock music associated with surf culture and California that influenced films, clothing, and slang terms.

Surf Music

Famous British band that took the world by storm. The nice guys of Rock n' Roll. American sweethearts.

The Beatles

Music factory. The "new Tin Pan Alley".

The Brill Building

Began as traditional folkists, but by 1965 they were doing Rock n' Roll

The Byrds

The illegal practice of payment or other inducement by record companies for the broadcast of recordings on commercial radio in which the song is presented as being part of the normal day's broadcast. Dick Clark and Alan Freed both participated in this, but Clark escaped persecution by using Freed as a scapegoat.

The Payola Scandal

The "bad boys" of Rock n' Roll. Had a hard time getting stared in America. Attempted counterculture event on the West Coast called Altmount.

The Rolling Stones

A dancing fad, which led to disco and other dance fads. Revolutionized the popular culture, allowing for couples to break up while dancing on the dance floor.

The Twist

Why did people start to buy music again in the later 1930s?

The economy built up due to war effort, so people had jobs and income so they started to buy music

What was the conflict between old and new generations?

The older generation was scandalized by new music and maintained their interest with older artists. The younger generation became a specific group that was marketed to separately for the first time in history.

What were gospel musicians views on Rock n' Roll?

They hated Rock n' Roll because a lot of songs were lifted from the church and put into Rock n' Roll themes. They felt ROBBED

What was a big innovation that occurred in the radio industry?

They made listening interactive by letting listeners call in an request songs.

What was the controversy with Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds?

They thought it was a result of LSD

What were parents/grandparents views on Rock n' Roll?

They thought their kids would grow up with wrong values, if they listened to Rock n' Roll. They thought the music was satanic and horrible because of the scandalous concepts.

What were African American's views on Rock n' Roll early on?

They thought they were being robbed of their cultural heritage and being taken advantage of by whites.

The lyrics of Motown songs ______________

Threatened no one in tone and content

Why did the Beatles stop performing shows?

To focus more on their studio recording

What was the image created for the Beatles?

To sell them as middle class entertainment. They wore tailored suits.

Who came up with the idea for the top 40 radio?

Todd Storz

List of songs, newly release, and popular songs. Survey of popularity on the radio. Appeared in 1951.

Top 40 radio

The majority of the parents in 1950s were ______________ about the advent of Rock n' Roll.

Upset

The advent of Rock n' Roll in the 50s is a result of ______________ experience.

Urban

An American record label founded in the 1950s, specializing in blues, jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll created by African American artists.

Vee Jay Records

A music festival in Woodstock was considered to be the counterculture's finest hour. A similar event in Altamont near San Francisco featuring the Rolling Stones result in ______________

Violence and murder provoked by Hell's Angels

3-day music and arts festival in 1969 in Bethel, NY. Over half a million were in attendance.

Woodstock

Most influential folk singer. From the 30s. Product of Left Wing Politics of the 30s.

Woody Guthrie

Who were the original (3) folkies?

Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan