Multiplication & Division

repeated addition (multiplication strategy)

Adding equal groups of objects to find the total amount of objects. Another way to MULTIPLY: 4 three times is 12

array

An arrangement of objects in equal rows.

Division

An operation that separates a number into a given number of equal parts or into a number of parts of a given size.

Commutative (Order) Property of Multiplication

Factors (numbers) can be multiplied in any order and the product will be the same.

equal groups

Groups that contain the same number of objects. TO DIVIDE: separate items into equal groups. TO MULTIPLY: combine or add all objects together

compatible numbers

Numbers that are easy to add, subtract, multiply, or divide MENTALLY.

equal parts

Parts of an object or group that have been divided equally into pieces.

Multiples of 10

Sets of ten ones. Examples: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90

repeated subtraction (division strategy)

Subtracting equal groups to find the total amount of groups. Another way to DIVIDE: 12 into four groups is 3

Remainder

The amount left over when one number is divided by another.

quotient

The answer to a division problem.

product

The answer to a multiplication problem.

Associative (Grouping) Property of Multiplication

The grouping of factors can be changed and the product will be the same.

divisor

The number by which another number is divided.

multiply

The operation of repeated addition of the same number.

Multiplication

The operation that give the total number when groups of equal amount are joined.

Identity (One) Property of Multiplication

The product of any number and 1 is that number.

Zero Property of Multiplication

The product of any number and zero is zero.

factor

The whole numbers that are multiplied to give a product.

divide

To separate into equal groups and find the number in each group or the number of groups.

Inverse Operations

Two operations that undo each other, like addition and subtraction or multiplication and division.

Unknown Factor

A factor that is not known

fact family (multiply & divide)

A group of related facts that use the same numbers. Also called related facts.

Equation

A mathematical sentence that shows that two expressions are equivalent using an equals sign.

Distributive Property

A multiplication fact can be broken apart into the sum of two other multiplication facts.

dividend

A number that is divided by another number.

multiples

A product of a whole number and another whole number.